I-Triumph Spitfire yethulwa ngo-1962 ukuze iqhudelane ne-Austin-Healey Sprite, kodwa ngawo lowo nyaka kwavela omunye owayeqhudelana naye-i-MGB. Ngenxa yesakhiwo esizimele se-chassis, i-Triumph's Herald inikeza inkundla ephelele yokuthuthukiswa kwe-roadster entsha enezihlalo ezimbili, ngisho noma idivayisi ewumshini ithathwe kunombolo engu-8 ngo-1953.
Ukunqoba akunikezeli amandla amaningi, kodwa kuphela i-670 kg yesisindo, ukusebenza kungcono kunalokho ocabanga ngakho-ikakhulukazi lapho i-1147cc four-cylinder ifakwe ama-carbohydrate amabili, ama-camshaft ashisayo kanye nama-manifolds amaningi okuphefumula okuphefumula mahhala.
Eminyakeni ecela ku-20 yokukhiqiza injini ibilokhu ithuthukiswa njalo, isidumbu senziwe kabusha, kwacijwa ne-suspension ukuze ikwazi ukubikezela ukuthi iyibambela imoto. Kodwa-ke, ayikho kulezi zimoto eshesha ngempela, futhi ayikho i-élan enganikeza u-Elan, kodwa ngeke ukhokhe inani leLotus.
Kunamaphrojekthi amaningi mayelana ne-Spitfire, kodwa uma ufuna ukulungisa imoto ngendlela efanele, ngisho nasekhaya, ngisho noma uthenga into edinga ukulungiswa, ungenza ibhalansi enhle. Kodwa-ke, kungcono uthenge enye yalezi noma imoto enhle kakhulu-hhayi okuthile phakathi. Cishe uzokhokhela imoto edinga umsebenzi omningi.
Awukho umehluko omningi kumanani phakathi kwe-Spitfire incarnations ehlukile; kamuva izimoto ziyasebenza kakhulu, kodwa izimoto zangaphambili zinikeza ubumsulwa bomklamo obuphakeme. Ngakho-ke, zonke zifunwa ngokulinganayo-yize i-Mk3 idume kakhulu ngenxa yemigqa yayo engcono kune-MkIV kanye ne-1500, iyasebenziseka uma kuqhathaniswa.
Izinjini ezintathu ezihlukene zifakiwe kuwo wonke umjikelezo wempilo we-Spitfire, ngayinye efakwe kwamanye amamodeli ochungechungeni lwe-Triumph. Njengoba iSpitfire ivamise ukushunwa kahle kakhulu esigabeni sayo, udinga ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi injini oyifakile ingeyaleyo njini, ngoba idivayisi enamandla kancane ivamise ukushintshwa ngamanye amamodeli e-Triumph.
Zonke izinombolo zenjini ye-Spitfire ziqala ngo-F: FC ye-MkI/MkII, FD ye-MkIII, FH ye-MkIV (kodwa i-FK yezimoto zaseMelika) kanye no-FH we-1500 (FM yezimoto zaseMelika). Nokho, ezinye izinto kungenzeka zifakwe, njengezinjini zokuqalisa i-G (Pioneer), D (Dolomite), noma i-Y (1500 sedan).
I-MkI ne-MkII Spitfires ifakwe izinjini ezingu-1147cc, kodwa njengoba lezi zimoto zakuqala ziyivelakancane, mancane amathuba okuba uthole imoto ehlome ngeyodwa yalawa mayunithi anamandla anamandla. Ngisho noma uthola imoto yesizukulwane sokuqala noma sesibili, manje sekungenzeka ukuthi ushintshe injini ufake enye yakamuva. I-MkIII ifakwe iyunithi yamandla engu-1296cc, enwetshwe ku-MkIV, kodwa enamandla amancane ngenxa yezinto zokulawula ukungcola.
Izizukulwane ezintathu zokuqala zama-Spitfire fighters zisebenzisa i-gearbox efanayo enamagiya amane ashintshwayo, futhi wonke amagiya ngaphandle kwegiya lokuqala asebenzisa i-synchrom. I-MkIV ifakwe u-gearbox ofanayo, kodwa inama-synchronizers kuwo wonke ama-giya ratios, kanti i-1500 ifakwe umshini ovela e-Marina, okuwu gearbox oqinile kunawo wonke.
• Injini: Izinjini ezingu-1147cc kanye ne-1296cc ziqinile kakhulu, kodwa zonke izinjini ze-Spitfire kufanele zifakwe isihlungi esilungile sikawoyela ukuze zivimbele ukuthi zingahluleki ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Isihlungi sine-valve yokuhlola ukuvimbela uwoyela ukuthi ungabuyeli epanini likawoyela lapho imoto ihamba; uma kunomsindo omkhulu lapho imoto iqala, kungenxa yokuthi isiphetho esikhulu se-crankshaft sinomsindo onjalo, kungase kube ngenxa yokuthi uhlobo olulungile alufakiwe Isihlungi. Uma lokhu sekwenzekile, ukwakhiwa kabusha okuphansi kuyadingeka.
• Izinjini ezincane: Lezi zinjini ezimbili ezincane ngokuvamile zingahamba ngesivinini esifinyelela kumakhilomitha angu-100,000 ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Uphawu lokuqala lokuguga ngokuvamile lubangelwa ukugqwala kwe-rocker shaft kanye nengalo ye-rocker ebangela ukuthi ithiphu liqhaqhazele. Isabelomali sokwakha kabusha okusezingeni eliphezulu.
• I-thrust washer: Inkinga evamise ukuthikameza izinjini eziyi-1296cc ukuguga kwe-thrust washer, okubangelwa ukuhamba phambili nokuya phambili kwe-crankshaft. Indlela elula yokuhlola lokhu ukusunduza nokudonsa i-pulley yangaphambili; noma yikuphi ukunyakaza okuqaphelekayo kusho inhlekelele engenzeka, njengoba i-crankshaft ne-cylinder block ingase igcine ilimale. I-MkIV Spitfires ijwayele kakhulu kulezi zinkinga; lapho injini inyakaza, lalela ukuduma okuvela phansi.
• Ukugqokwa kwe-Crankshaft: Injini engu-1493cc efakwe ku-Spitfire 1500 inezinkinga zayo ngoba i-crankshaft nama-piston nama-piston rings zigqokwa kakhulu. Qaphela ama-rattles nentuthu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
• I-Gearbox: Wonke ama-gearbox anesevisi ende, kodwa ibanga elide kakhulu lokushayela lizodinga ukulungiswa.
• Ukuvumelanisa: I-synchronizer ivamise ukuba yisenzo sokuqala, ngakho hlola noma yiziphi izithiyo lapho ukhuphuka uye phansi. Lalela nokuvungama okukhomba ukuthi igiya seligugile noma liyaduma okukhombisa ukuthi selizowa.
• Ukulayisha ngokweqile: I-Spitfires eminingi inokugcwala ngokweqile, okungase futhi kubangele izinkinga. Into yokuqala okufanele uyihlole uma ingabanjwanga ukuthi umsebenzi kagesi ujwayelekile yini; ngokuvamile ziyimbangela eyinhloko yenkinga. Uma kungenjalo, izinga likawoyela kungenzeka liwele ngaphansi kwenani eliphansi. Isimo esibi kakhulu esokwakha kabusha igiya le-overdrive, intengo icishe ibe ngu-£250.
• I-Shaft shaft: Uma i-shaft yokushayela idinga ukulinganisela, izodlidliza ngesivinini esithile futhi izonyamalala ngemva kokusheshisa. Lapho idrayivu imatasa lapho iya phambili noma emuva, i-gimbal egugile iyajingiswa.
• I-Clutch: I-clutch ayinazo izinkinga ezikhethekile, ngakho-ke vele uhlole ukuthi ingabe iyashelela uma ishesha noma iyaqhaqhazela uma i-clutch ikhululwa.
• Umehluko: Umehluko uzokhala uma ugqokile. Noma ngabe izinto zizwakala kabi, i-ekseli yangemuva izoqhubeka nokuya phambili, kodwa kusobala ukuthi lokhu kumele kulungiswe.
• Ukumiswa: I-Spitfire yangaphambili yokumiswa ngokwayo kulula ukuyisebenzisa ngenxa yokusebenzisa ibhonethi ephenduphendukayo. Lokhu kuhle futhi, ngoba kukhona zonke izinhlobo zezinto ezingabangela inkinga-kodwa zonke zibiza kakhulu futhi kulula kakhulu ukuzifaka.
• Ukushabalala: Isihlahla senayiloni esiku-trunion yethusi sizoguga, ngakho ungasebenzisa i-crowbar ukuze udlale. Uma uwoyela we-EP90 ungampontshwa njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu, inkinga enkulu nge-trunnion ukugqokwa kwethusi elinentambo engezansi.
• Izihlahla zenjoloba: Kunezinye izinhlobo zenjoloba ezihlukene ngesikhathi sokumiswa, zonke zizonyamalala ngesikhathi esithile-kodwa uma ufuna ukufaka ikhithi entsha ephelele, uma udinga ukuyishintsha, intengo yazo ishibhile kakhulu.
• Ibha ye-anti-roll: I-anti-roll bar isixhumanisi singase sinqanyulwe, kodwa kubiza kuphela u-£8 lilinye, ngakho ungakhathazeki. Okufanayo kuya ku-suspension yonke yangaphambili. Kunobuthakathaka obuhlukahlukene obungase bube khona, kodwa bonke bungalungiseka ngokushesha nangokushibhile.
• Amabherengi: Amabheringi amasondo azoguga, kanjalo nokuphela kwe-track rod, isiteringi kanye nejoyinti yebhola engaphezulu etholakala phezulu kwe- wishbone. Abakaki be-Rubber bogie nabo bangonakala, ngokuvamile ngemva kokuba becwile emafutheni enjini avuzayo. Inketho yakho engcono kakhulu ukuzwa igeyimu ngokuya ngezansi.
• Ukumiswa: Ukumiswa okungemuva nakho kungaba nezinkinga, kodwa ngokuvamile kulula ukukulungisa, ngaphandle kokhiye owodwa; amasondo amasondo. Lezi zigugile futhi kunzima ukuzikhipha uma kudingeka umshini wokunyathelisa.
• I-Spring and shock absorber: Ngaphezu kwe-shock absorber kulula ukushintsha ukuguga noma ukuvuza, inkinga engenzeka kuphela ukuthi i-spring yamaqabunga iyancibilika. Uma ingaphezulu lesondo linyamalala ngaphezu kwe-arch wheel, isiphethu sidinga ukushintshwa.
• Isiteringi: Isiteringi se-Rack-and-pinion cishe ngeke sibe nezinkinga ngoba ngeke sithathe ingcindezi enkulu, nakuba isiyingi esiphendukayo se-Spitfire siminyene kakhulu.
• I-Braking: Isimo siyefana nge-braking. Ezesintu ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke udinga kuphela ukunaka ukuvuza kwesilinda sangemuva, ukujamu kwepiston ye-caliper, nokujama kwebhuleki lesandla. Zonke izingxenye ziyatholakala.
• Ukugqwala: Ukugqwala kuyisitha esikhulu se-Spitfire; ingashaya igobolondo lomzimba kanye ne-chassis, futhi umkhawulo ubalulekile emandleni emoto.
• Ukulungiswa kwendlu ngendlu: Abanikazi bezimoto abaningi balungisa i-Spitfire yabo ekhaya futhi abasekeli igobolondo lomzimba lapho beshintsha izicabha ezinezicucu ezintathu, ezihlanekezela igobolondo lomzimba.
• Izindonga zamafasitela: Okokuqala hlola ubuqotho bamafasitela; indawo lapho zihlangana khona nophiko lomsila yiyona ndawo okungenzeka ukuthi igqwalile. Uma isibolile, ukuyinakekela isikhathi eside kuyodinga ikhono.
• Nisela efasiteleni: Bheka futhi unqenqema olungaphambili lwefasitela ngalinye; izimbobo kungenzeka zivele lapha. Amanzi azongena, abangele umonakalo omkhulu kuwo wonke amafasitela.
• Ukubola: Kunezindawo zokubola ezengeziwe okufanele zibhekwe: i-quarter quarter panel, iphansi lomnyango, i-trunk floor kanye nefreyimu ye-windshield konke kungase kugqwale kakhulu.
• Ukubola okwengeziwe: okufanayo nasezinsikeni ezi-A, ama-arches amasondo (ngaphakathi nangaphandle), namalambu azungezile namakhethini angaphambili.
• Ukugqwala okwengeziwe: iphansi nalo lizogqwala, ngesinye isikhathi ngenxa yokuthi ukubola kusabalala kusuka efasiteleni, ngezinye izikhathi ngenxa yokuthi i-footthole igcwele amanzi.
• Igebe lephaneli: Okulandelayo, hlola ukuthi umnyango uvaliwe yini, umnyango kufanele uqonde phansi. Uma imoto ingalungiswanga kahle futhi i-casing isontekile ngesikhathi kuqhubeka inqubo, umnyango ngeke ugezeke wehle futhi umugqa wokuvala ngeke ulingane.
• Ukulimala kokushayisana: Amathuba okulimala kwengozi nawo aphezulu, ngoba lezi zimoto ngokuvamile ziheha abashayeli abangenalwazi ngemva kokujabulela ubumnandi obushibhile. Uma imoto iye yashintsha kakhulu, umonakalo uzoba sobala; noma imuphi umthelela owanele ukuhlanekezela i-chassis eyinhloko uzolimaza iphaneli ethambile yemoto.
• Ukulimala kwe-Chassis: Imithelela emincane ingase ikubangele izinkinga eziningi, njengoba kungase kube nzima ukuyibona. Kodwa-ke, uma iphaneli ifakwe kuyo yonke indawo yangaphambili, kungenzeka ukuthi isitimela se-chassis sangaphambili esixhunywe ku-drapery sonakalisiwe.
• Imikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi: Nakuba uhlobo oluthile lwenkinga kagesi lungase lube khona, ngokuvamile kuwukungaqini kahle noma ukwehluleka kwezinye izingxenye ezishibhile ezishintshayo. Konke kuyatholakala futhi kufanelana ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
• Nquma: Nalapha futhi, ukusika akumele kubangele izinkinga, ngoba iningi lakhona lenziwe kabusha. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izingxenye zezimoto zakuqala kunzima ukuzazi kahle, kodwa uma ufuna i-MkIV noma i-1500, ungakwazi ukubuyisela imoto ekucacisweni kwayo kwasekuqaleni noma uyithuthukise kalula futhi ngeshibhile.
1967: I-MkIII yaphuma, ifakwe injini engu-1296cc, ihood esetshenziswa kalula nezitayela eziguquliwe.
1970: I-MkIV iletha enye i-facelift, kanye no-gearbox ovunyelaniswe ngokugcwele kanye nokuphathwa okubikezelwayo, ngenxa yokumiswa okuthuthukisiwe kwangemuva.
1973: Inguqulo engu-1500 yakhululwa, kuphela emakethe yase-US. Njengoba zonke izinto zokulawula ukungcola kufanele zifakwe, kudingeka injini enkulu. Kukhona futhi ithrekhi ebanzi eyivelakancane yokunqoba izinkinga zokucubungula.
I-stimulus ayishibhile kakhulu kuneyodwa yazo. I-Spitfire ishibhile kune-MG Midget noma B efanayo, futhi ingaba indlela eshibhe kakhulu yokujabulela ukushayela ngaphandle kokugqokisa. Ngenani elincane, ungathenga i-Spitfire engaqhubeka nokuhamba; uma unesethi yamasokhethi esandleni, ungakwazi ngisho nokuthenga into ngamaphawundi ayi-1,000.
Uma isabelomali sakho siqinile kakhulu, kuyoba nzima kuwe ukuthola noma yini enikeza injabulo efanayo ne-Spitfire, kodwa inani eliphansi elinjalo liyinkemba esika nhlangothi zombili, ngoba ngenxa yalokho, kukhona udoti omningi otholakalayo. Uma uthenga imoto yokwakha, Ukwazi ukuthi idinga umsebenzi omningi, kulungile.
Izimoto eziningi manje sezilungisiwe futhi kunzima ukuthola okwangempela; amasistimu amisiwe, ama-exhauss, izinjini namasondo kuvame ukuthuthukiswa, ngakho ungalindeli ukuthola izimoto ezisontekile ngesikhathi. Ukuntula okwakhe ngokuvamile akuyona inkinga (nakuba kungase kube inkinga kuwe), kodwa ukulungisa okungalungile kuyinkinga ngoba abahlinzeki bezindlu abaningi basika amazinyo ezimotweni ezifana ne-Spitfires.
Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi kulula ukubona isilima ngaphezu kwezinyathelo eziyi-100, ngakho-ke sicela uthenge ngamehlo akho avulekile futhi ulungele ukuzijabulisa okushibhile. Izimoto zakuqala zibaluleke kakhulu. Izinhlobo ze-Mk1, Mk2 kanye ne-Mk3 zonke zinenani elilinganiselwa ku-£8,000 esimweni sazo esihle kakhulu.
Intengo ejwayelekile yemoto ingamakhilogremu angama-3000-5000, futhi iphrojekthi iqala cishe kumaphawundi ayi-1000. Kamuva amamodeli we-Mk4 kanye ne-1500 asengamamodeli ashibhile, anenani eliphezulu elingamaphawundi angu-5500, futhi ama-treadmill amahle emakethe athengiswa ngamaphawundi angu-2000-3750. Iphrojekthi esebenzayo isengatholakala ngentengo elinganiselwa ku-£850.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-16-2021
