Triumph Spitfire yatangijwe mu 1962 kugirango ihangane na Austin-Healey Sprite, ariko muri uwo mwaka haza undi munywanyi-MGB. Bitewe n'imiterere ya chassis yigenga, Herald ya Triumph itanga urubuga rwiza rwo guteza imbere umuhanda mushya wimyanya ibiri, kabone niyo ibikoresho bya mashini byakomotse kuri 8 nimero 1953.
Triumph ntabwo itanga imbaraga nyinshi, ariko kg 670 yuburemere gusa, imikorere iraruta uko ubitekereza-cyane cyane iyo 1147cc ya silindari enye ifite ibyuma bibiri bya karubone, amashanyarazi ashyushye hamwe nubushyuhe bwo guhumeka bwubusa.
Mubikorwa byo gukora hafi imyaka 20, moteri yarakomeje gutezwa imbere, umubiri wongeye gushyirwaho, kandi guhagarikwa byubahirijwe kugirango imikorere yimodoka irusheho kumenyekana. Nyamara, nta nimwe muri izo modoka yihuta rwose, kandi nta élan ishobora gutanga Elan, ariko ntuzishyura igiciro cya Lotus.
Hariho imishinga myinshi yerekeye Spitfire, ariko niba ushaka gusana imodoka neza, ndetse no murugo, niyo wagura ikintu gikeneye kuvugururwa, urashobora gukora neza. Ariko, wakagombye kugura kimwe muribi cyangwa imodoka nziza cyane-ntabwo arikintu kiri hagati. Birashoboka cyane ko uzishyura imodoka isaba akazi kenshi.
Nta tandukaniro ryinshi mubiciro hagati yimiterere itandukanye ya Spitfire; nyuma imodoka zirafatika, ariko imodoka zambere zitanga ubuziranenge bwo hejuru. Kubwibyo, bose barashakishwa kimwe nyuma-nubwo Mk3 ikunzwe cyane kubera imirongo yayo myiza kuruta MkIV na 1500, irakoreshwa cyane.
Moteri eshatu zitandukanye zashyizwe mubuzima bwubuzima bwa Spitfire, buri imwe yashizwe kurindi moderi murukurikirane rwa Triumph. Kubera ko ubusanzwe Spitfire ari yo itunganijwe neza mubyiciro byayo, ugomba kumenya neza ko moteri ushyiraho ari iyo moteri, kuko igikoresho kidakomeye gisanzwe gisimbuzwa izindi moderi za Triumph.
Imibare yose ya moteri ya Spitfire itangirana na F: FC kuri MkI / MkII, FD kuri MkIII, FH kuri MkIV (ariko FK kumodoka zabanyamerika) na FH kuri 1500 (FM kumodoka zabanyamerika). Ariko, ibindi bintu birashoboka ko byashyirwaho, nko gutangiza moteri ya G (Pioneer), D (Dolomite), cyangwa Y (1500 sedan).
MkI na MkII Spitfires zifite moteri 1147cc, ariko kubera ko izo modoka zo hambere zidasanzwe, ntushobora kubona imodoka ifite kimwe muri ibyo bice byamashanyarazi. Nubwo wasanga imodoka yambere cyangwa iyakabiri, ubu birashoboka gusimbuza moteri nigice cyanyuma. MkIII ifite ibikoresho byamashanyarazi 1296cc, byageze kuri MkIV, ariko bifite ingufu nke kubera ibikoresho byo kugenzura ibyuka bihumanya.
Ibisekuru bitatu byambere byabarwanyi ba Spitfire bakoresha garebox imwe yihuta yihuta, hamwe nibikoresho byose usibye ibikoresho byambere ukoresha synchromesh. MkIV ifite garebox imwe, ariko hamwe na syncroniseri mubipimo byose byuma, mugihe 1500 ifite ibikoresho biva muri Marina, bikaba biramba cyane mubisanduku byose.
• Moteri: moteri 1147cc na 1296cc ziraramba cyane, ariko moteri zose za Spitfire zigomba gushyirwamo akayunguruzo keza ka peteroli kugirango birinde kunanirwa imburagihe. Akayunguruzo gafite cheque yo kugenzura kugirango amavuta adasubira mu isafuriya y'amavuta igihe imodoka igenda; niba hari urusaku rwinshi iyo imodoka itangiye, ni ukubera ko impera nini yikurikiranya ya crankshaft ifite amajwi nkaya, birashoboka kuko ubwoko bwukuri ntabwo bwashyizweho Muyunguruzi. Iyo ibi bibaye, kwiyubaka-kurangiza birasabwa.
• Moteri nto: Izi moteri ebyiri nto zishobora kwihuta kugera ku bilometero 100.000 nta kibazo. Ikimenyetso cya mbere cyo kwambara gikunze guterwa no kwangirika kwa shitingi ya rocker n'ukuboko kwa rocker bigatuma umutwe uhinda umushyitsi. Bije yo kwiyubaka-kurangiza.
• Gukaraba igikarabiro: Ikibazo gikunze kwibasira moteri 1296cc ni ukwambara igikarabiro, giterwa no kugenda kwinyuma ninyuma ya crankshaft. Inzira yoroshye yo kugenzura ibi ni ugusunika no gukurura imbere; urujya n'uruza rwose rushobora gusobanura impanuka zishobora kubaho, kuko amaherezo ya crankshaft na silinderi bishobora kwangirika. MkIV Spitfires ikunda guhura nibi bibazo; iyo moteri irikuba, umva gutontoma uhereye hasi.
• Kwambara Crankshaft: moteri ya 1493cc yashyizwe kuri Spitfire 1500 ifite ibibazo byayo kuko crankshaft na piston hamwe nimpeta za piston zambarwa cyane. Witondere urusaku n'umwotsi w'ubururu.
• Gearbox: Garebox zose zifite ubuzima burebure bwa serivisi, ariko birebire cyane urwego rwo gutwara bizakenera guhinduka.
• Synchro: Syncronizer mubisanzwe nigikorwa cyambere, reba rero inzitizi zose mugihe uzamuka ukamanuka. Umva kandi kwitotomba, byerekana ko ibikoresho byashaje cyangwa bivuza, byerekana ko ibyuma bigiye kugwa.
• Kurenza urugero: Spitfire nyinshi zifite imitwaro irenze, ishobora no gutera ibibazo. Ikintu cya mbere cyo kugenzura mugihe kidasezeranijwe ni ukumenya niba imirimo y'amashanyarazi ari ibisanzwe; mubisanzwe nimpamvu nyamukuru itera ikibazo. Niba atari byo, urwego rwa peteroli rushobora kuba rwaragabanutse munsi yagaciro ntarengwa. Ikintu kibi cyane ni ukubaka ibikoresho birenze urugero, igiciro ni £ 250.
• Igikoresho cyo gutwara: Niba ikinyabiziga gikeneye kuringaniza, kizanyeganyega ku muvuduko runaka kandi kizimira nyuma yo kwihuta. Iyo ikinyabiziga gikorerwamo iyo kigenda imbere cyangwa inyuma, gimbal yambarwa irahita.
• Ihuriro: Ihuriro ntirigira ibibazo byihariye, reba rero niba ryanyerera iyo ryihuta cyangwa niba rihinda umushyitsi iyo irekuwe.
• Itandukaniro: Itandukaniro rizinuba iyo ryambaye. Nubwo ibintu byumvikana nabi, umutambiko winyuma uzakomeza gutera imbere, ariko biragaragara ko bigomba gutondekwa.
• Guhagarikwa: Guhagarika imbere ya Spitfire ubwabyo biroroshye gukora kubera gukoresha bonne flip-up. Ibi nabyo nibyiza, kuko haribintu byose bishobora gutera ibibazo-ariko byose bihendutse cyane kandi byoroshye gushiraho.
• Bushing: nylon bushing muri trunnion yumuringa izashira, kuburyo ushobora gukoresha igikona kugirango ukine. Niba amavuta ya EP90 adapompa buri mezi atandatu cyangwa arenga, ikibazo nyamukuru hamwe na trunnion nukwambara umuringa wo hasi.
• Rubber bushing: Hariho ubundi bwoko bwa rubber bushing mugihe cyo guhagarikwa, byose bizashira mugihe runaka-ariko niba ushaka gushiraho ibikoresho bishya byuzuye, niba ukeneye kubisimbuza, igiciro cyabyo Birahendutse cyane
• Anti-roll bar: Ihuza rya anti-roll bar irashobora kandi guhagarikwa, ariko igura £ 8 buri umwe, ntugire ikibazo. Kimwe nikindi gisigaye cyo guhagarikwa imbere. Hariho intege nke zitandukanye, ariko zose zirashobora gusanwa vuba kandi bihendutse.
• Imyenda: Ibiziga bizunguruka, nkuko bizarangira inkoni yumurongo, umurongo wa tekinike hamwe nu mupira wo hejuru uherereye hejuru yifuzwa. Rubber bogie brackets nayo irashobora kwangirika, mubisanzwe nyuma yo gushiramo amavuta ya moteri. Guhitamo kwawe ni ukumva umukino ujya hepfo.
• Guhagarikwa: Guhagarika inyuma nabyo birashobora kugira ibibazo, ariko mubisanzwe biroroshye kuvugurura, usibye urufunguzo rumwe; ibiziga. Ibi birashaje kandi biragoye kubikuramo mugihe hakenewe imashini.
• Imashini yimvura nimpanuka: Usibye gukuramo imashini byoroshye gusimbuza kwambara cyangwa kumeneka, ikibazo gishoboka gusa nuko amababi yamababi agabanuka. Niba hejuru yiziga yazimye hejuru yumuzingi, isoko igomba gusimburwa.
• Kuyobora: Rack-na-pinion kuyobora ntabwo bishoboka ko igira ibibazo kuko ntibisaba umuvuduko mwinshi, nubwo uruziga rwa Spitfire rukomeye.
• Feri: Ibintu bisa na feri. Nibisanzwe rwose, ugomba rero kwitondera gusa ibizunguruka inyuma ya silinderi yinyuma, pisitori ya pisitori, hamwe na feri yintoki. Ibice byose birahari.
• Ingese: Ruswa ni umwanzi nyamukuru wa Spitfire; irashobora gukubita igikonoshwa cyumubiri na chassis, kandi urugi ni ingenzi kumbaraga zimodoka.
• Gusana ku nzu n'inzu: Benshi mu bafite imodoka basana Spitfire yabo murugo kandi ntibashyigikira igishishwa cyumubiri mugihe basimbuye ibice bitatu byumuryango, bigoreka igikonoshwa cyumubiri.
• Amadirishya ya Window: Banza ugenzure ubusugire bwamadirishya; agace bahuriraho ibaba umurizo niho hantu hashobora kwangirika. Iyo bimaze kubora, kubungabunga igihe kirekire bizakenera ubuhanga.
• Amazi kumadirishya: Reba nanone kuruhande rwimbere ya buri idirishya; umwobo birashoboka kugaragara hano. Amazi azinjira, atera kwangirika gukabije kwidirishya ryose.
• Kubora: Hano haribintu byinshi byangirika kugirango ugenzure: ikibaho cyinyuma cyinyuma, umuryango wumuryango, hasi yumutwe hamwe nikirahure cyikirahure kirashobora kwangirika cyane.
• Kwangirika kwinshi: kimwe kijya kuri A-nkingi, ibiziga byiziga (imbere n'inyuma), kandi itara rizengurutse hamwe nimyenda yimbere.
• Ingese nyinshi: hasi nayo izabora, rimwe na rimwe kubera ko kubora gukwirakwira mu idirishya, rimwe na rimwe kubera ko ikirenge cyuzuye amazi.
• Icyuho cyumwanya: Ibikurikira, reba niba umuryango ufunze, umuryango ugomba kuba ugororotse. Niba imodoka idasanwe neza kandi isanduku igoretse mugikorwa, urugi ntiruzunguruka kugeza hasi kandi umurongo wo gufunga ntuzaba ndetse.
• Kwangirika kw'impanuka: Birashoboka ko impanuka zangirika nazo ni nyinshi, kuko ubusanzwe izo modoka zikurura abashoferi badafite uburambe nyuma yo kwinezeza bihendutse. Niba imodoka yaranyuze cyane, ibyangiritse bizagaragara; ingaruka zose zihagije zo kugoreka chassis nkuru yangiza ikinyabiziga cyoroshye.
• Kwangirika kwa Chassis: Ingaruka nto zishobora kugutera ibibazo byinshi, kuko bishobora kugorana kubibona. Ariko, niba ikibaho cyashyizwe mumwanya wose wimbere, birashoboka ko gari ya moshi yimbere ya chassis yometse kuri drapey yangiritse.
• Ibicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki: Nubwo hari ubwoko bwikibazo cyamashanyarazi gishobora kubaho, mubisanzwe ni impamvu idahwitse cyangwa kunanirwa kubintu bimwe na bimwe byasimbuwe. Ibintu byose birahari kandi birahuye ntakibazo.
• Gukata: Ubundi, trim ntigomba gutera ibibazo, kuko ibyinshi byakozwe. Nyamara, ibice bimwe byimodoka zo hambere biragoye kubyitwaramo, ariko niba ushaka MkIV cyangwa 1500, urashobora gusubiza imodoka muburyo bwayo bwambere cyangwa kuyizamura byoroshye kandi bihendutse.
1967: MkIII yasohotse, ifite moteri ya 1296cc, byoroshye-gukoresha-hood nuburyo bwahinduwe.
1970: MkIV yazanye indi isura nziza, hiyongereyeho garebox yuzuye kandi ikora neza cyane, bitewe no guhagarika inyuma.
1973: Version 1500 yasohotse, gusa ku isoko ryo muri Amerika. Kubera ko ibikoresho byose byo kugenzura ibyuka bihumanya bigomba gushyirwaho, birakenewe moteri nini. Hariho kandi inzira nini idasanzwe yo gutsinda ibibazo byo gutunganya.
Kubyutsa ntabwo bihendutse cyane kurenza kimwe muribi. Spitfire niyo ihendutse kuruta MG Midget cyangwa B ihwanye, kandi irashobora kuba inzira ihendutse yo kwishimira gutwara ubusa. Ku giciro gito, urashobora kugura Spitfire ishobora gukomeza ingendo; niba ufite seti ya socket kumaboko, urashobora no kugura ikintu kumapound 1.000.
Niba bije yawe ikabije, bizakugora kubona ikintu cyose gitanga umunezero nka Spitfire, ariko agaciro gake ni inkota y'amaharakubiri, kuko nkigisubizo, hari imyanda myinshi irahari. Niba uguze imodoka yo kubaka, Kumenya ko bisaba akazi kenshi, nibyiza.
Imodoka nyinshi ubu zarasanwe kandi biragoye kubona umwimerere; sisitemu yo guhagarika, umunaniro, moteri ninziga akenshi bizamurwa, ntutegereze kubona imodoka zimaze igihe. Kubura umwimerere mubisanzwe ntabwo ari ikibazo (nubwo bishobora kukubera ikibazo), ariko gusana nabi nikibazo kuko abagarura amazu benshi baca amenyo kumodoka nka Spitfires.
Ariko inkuru nziza nuko byoroshye kubona igicucu kurenga intambwe 100, nyamuneka nyamuneka gura amaso yawe yitegure kandi witegure kwinezeza bihendutse. Imodoka zo hambere birumvikana ko zifite agaciro. Moderi ya Mk1, Mk2 na Mk3 zose zigurwa hafi, 000 8000 muburyo bwiza.
Impuzandengo yimodoka ni 3000-5000 pound, kandi umushinga utangirira hafi pound 1000. Nyuma, moderi ya Mk4 na 1500 iracyari moderi ihendutse, hamwe nigiciro ntarengwa cyibiro 5500, hamwe nintambwe nziza kumasoko igurishwa pound 2000-3750. Umushinga ufatika urashobora kuboneka kubiciro hafi £ 850.
Uburenganzira © Autovia Ltd 2021 (Autovia Ltd ni igice cya Dennis Group). uburenganzira bwose burabitswe. Auto Express ™ ni ikirango cyanditse.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-16-2021
