Triumph Spitfire idakhazikitsidwa mu 1962 kuti ipikisane ndi Austin-Healey Sprite, koma mchaka chomwechonso mpikisano wina adatulukanso-MGB. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe odziyimira pawokha a chassis, Triumph's Herald imapereka nsanja yabwino kwambiri yopangira msewu watsopano wokhala ndi anthu awiri, ngakhale chipangizocho chimachokera ku 8 mu 1953.
Kupambana sikumapereka mphamvu zambiri, koma 670 kg yokha ya kulemera kwake, ntchitoyo ndi yabwino kuposa momwe mukuganizira-makamaka pamene 1147cc-silinda inayi ili ndi ma carbohydrates apawiri, ma camshafts otentha ndi manifolds otulutsa mpweya wambiri.
Pazaka pafupifupi 20, injiniyo yakhala ikupangidwa mosalekeza, thupi lakonzedwanso, ndipo kuyimitsidwa kwakonzedwanso kuti kagwiridwe ka galimoto kakhale kodziŵika bwino. Komabe, palibe magalimoto amenewa kwenikweni mofulumira, ndipo palibe élan kuti angapereke Elan, koma simudzalipira mtengo wa Lotus.
Pali mapulojekiti ambiri okhudza Spitfire, koma ngati mukufuna kukonza galimotoyo molondola, ngakhale kunyumba, ngakhale mutagula chinthu chomwe chiyenera kukonzedwanso, mukhoza kupanga bwino. Komabe, kulibwino mugule imodzi mwa izi kapena galimoto yabwino kwambiri-osati china chake pakati. Mukhoza kulipira galimoto yomwe imafuna ntchito yambiri.
Palibe kusiyana kwakukulu pamakhalidwe pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Spitfire; magalimoto pambuyo pake ndi othandiza kwambiri, koma magalimoto akale amapereka chiyero chapamwamba. Choncho, onse amafunidwa mofanana-ngakhale kuti Mk3 ndiyotchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha mizere yake yabwino kuposa MkIV ndi 1500, ndiyosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.
Injini zitatu zosiyanasiyana zimayikidwa nthawi yonse ya moyo wa Spitfire, iliyonse yomwe imayikidwa pamitundu ina pamndandanda wa Triumph. Popeza Spitfire nthawi zambiri imakhala yokonzedwa bwino kwambiri m'kalasi mwake, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti injini yomwe mumayika ndi ya injiniyo, chifukwa chipangizo chochepa champhamvu nthawi zambiri chimasinthidwa ndi mitundu ina ya Triumph.
Manambala onse a injini ya Spitfire amayamba ndi F: FC ya MkI/MkII, FD ya MkIII, FH ya MkIV (koma FK ya magalimoto aku America) ndi FH ya 1500 (FM ya magalimoto aku America). Komabe, zinthu zina zitha kukhazikitsidwa, monga ma injini a G (Pioneer), D (Dolomite), kapena Y (1500 sedan).
Ma Spitfires a MkI ndi MkII ali ndi injini za 1147cc, koma popeza magalimoto oyambilirawa ndi osowa, simungathe kupeza galimoto yomwe ili ndi imodzi mwamagetsi olimba mtima awa. Ngakhale mutapeza galimoto ya m'badwo woyamba kapena wachiwiri, tsopano ndi kotheka kusintha injiniyo ndi unit ina. MkIII ili ndi mphamvu ya 1296cc, yomwe idawonjezedwa ku MkIV, koma ndi mphamvu zochepa chifukwa cha zida zowongolera utsi.
Mibadwo itatu yoyambirira ya Spitfire fighters imagwiritsa ntchito gearbox yofanana yothamanga inayi, ndipo magiya onse kupatulapo zida zoyamba zimagwiritsa ntchito synchromesh. MkIV ili ndi gearbox yomweyi, koma yokhala ndi ma synchronizer mu magawo onse a gear, pomwe 1500 ili ndi chipangizo chochokera ku Marina, chomwe ndi cholimba kwambiri kuposa ma gearbox onse.
• Injini: Ma injini a 1147cc ndi 1296cc ndi olimba kwambiri, koma injini zonse za Spitfire ziyenera kuikidwa ndi fyuluta yoyenera ya mafuta kuti zisawonongeke msanga. Fyuluta ili ndi valavu yotchinga kuti mafuta asabwererenso ku poto yamafuta pamene galimoto ikuchoka; ngati pali phokoso lalikulu pamene galimoto ikuyamba, ndi chifukwa chakuti mapeto aakulu a crankshaft ali ndi phokoso loterolo, mwina chifukwa chakuti mtundu wolondola sunayikidwe Fyuluta. Izi zikachitika, kukonzanso komaliza kumafunika.
• Mainjini ang'onoang'ono: Mainjini ang'onoang'ono awiriwa nthawi zambiri amatha kuthamanga mpaka mailosi 100,000 popanda vuto. Chizindikiro choyamba cha kuvala nthawi zambiri chimakhala chifukwa cha dzimbiri la rocker shaft ndi mkono wa rocker womwe umapangitsa kuti nsongayo injenjemere. Bajeti yomanganso zapamwamba.
• Vuto la thrust washer: Vuto lomwe nthawi zambiri limakhudza injini za 1296cc ndi kuvala kwa thrust washer, komwe kumachitika chifukwa chakuyenda mopitirira muyeso kwa crankshaft. Njira yosavuta yowonera izi ndikukankhira ndi kukoka pulley yakutsogolo; kusuntha kulikonse komwe kumatanthawuza ngozi yomwe ingatheke, chifukwa crankshaft ndi cylinder block zitha kuwonongeka. MkIV Spitfires ndi omwe amakonda kwambiri mavutowa; pamene injini ikugwedeza, mverani phokoso kuchokera pansi.
• Kuvala kwa Crankshaft: Injini ya 1493cc yoikidwa pa Spitfire 1500 ili ndi mavuto ake chifukwa crankshaft ndi pistoni ndi mphete za pistoni zimavala kwambiri. Samalani ndi ma rattles ndi utsi wa buluu.
• Gearbox: Ma gearbox onse amakhala ndi moyo wautali wautumiki, koma kutalika kwa magalimoto kungafune kusinthidwa.
• Synchro: Synchronizer nthawi zambiri imakhala chinthu choyamba, choncho yang'anani zopinga zilizonse pamene mukukwera ndi kutsika. Komanso mvetserani kung'ung'udza, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti giya yatha kapena ikulira, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti katunduyo watsala pang'ono kugwa.
• Kuchulukirachulukira: Ma Spitfires ambiri amakhala ndi zochulukira, zomwe zingayambitsenso mavuto. Chinthu choyamba kuyang'ana pamene sichikugwira ntchito ndi chakuti ntchito yamagetsi ndi yachibadwa; kaŵirikaŵiri ndiwo amayambitsa vutolo. Ngati sichoncho, mlingo wa mafuta ukhoza kutsika pansi pa mtengo wocheperako. Chochitika choyipa kwambiri ndikumanganso zida zowonjezera, mtengo wake ndi pafupifupi $250.
• Shaft yoyendetsa: Ngati shaft yoyendetsa galimoto ikufunika kukhala yolinganiza, idzagwedezeka pa liwiro linalake ndipo idzazimiririka pambuyo pa kuthamanga. Kuyendetsa kumakhala kotanganidwa popita kutsogolo kapena kumbuyo, gimbal yovala imachotsedwa.
• Clutch: Clutch ilibe vuto lililonse lapadera, choncho ingoyang'anani ngati ikutsetsereka pamene ikuthamanga kapena ngati ikunjenjemera pamene clutch imatulutsidwa.
• Kusiyana: Kusiyanitsa kumalira mukavala. Ngakhale zinthu zitakhala zoyipa, chitsulo chakumbuyo chidzapitilirabe kupita patsogolo, koma mwachiwonekere izi ziyenera kukonzedwa.
• Kuyimitsidwa: Kuyimitsidwa kutsogolo kwa Spitfire ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito boneti yopindika. Izi ndi zabwino, chifukwa pali mitundu yonse ya zinthu zomwe zingayambitse vuto-koma zonse ndizotsika mtengo komanso zosavuta kuziyika.
• Kuphuka: Chitsamba cha nailoni mu trunnion yamkuwa chidzatha, kotero mutha kugwiritsa ntchito khwangwala kusewera. Ngati mafuta a EP90 samapopedwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse kapena kupitilira apo, vuto lalikulu ndi trunnion ndi kuvala kwa mkuwa wopangidwa pansi.
• Zitsamba za Rubber: Pali mitundu ina ya rabara nthawi yonse yoyimitsidwa, yonse yomwe idzazimiririka nthawi ina-koma ngati mukufuna kukhazikitsa zida zatsopano, ngati mukufuna kusintha, mtengo wawo wotsika mtengo kwambiri.
• Anti-roll bar: Ulalo wa anti-roll ukhozanso kulumikizidwa, koma umangotengera £8 iliyonse, kotero musadandaule. Zomwezo zimapitanso kuyimitsidwa kwapatsogolo. Pali zofooka zosiyanasiyana zomwe zingatheke, koma zonse zingathe kukonzedwa mofulumira komanso motchipa.
• Ma Bearings: Ma gudumu adzavala, monganso mapeto a njanji, chiwongolero ndi cholumikizira chapamwamba cha mpira chomwe chili pamwamba pa wishbone. Maburaketi a mphira amatha kuonongeka, nthawi zambiri ataviikidwa mumafuta akuchucha a injini. Chosankha chanu chabwino ndikumvera masewerawo popita pansipa.
• Kuyimitsidwa: Kuyimitsidwa kumbuyo kungathenso kukhala ndi mavuto, koma nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosavuta kukonzanso, kupatulapo chinthu chimodzi; ma gudumu. Izi zatha ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuzichotsa pakafunika makina osindikizira.
• Spring ndi shock absorber: Kuphatikiza pa chotsitsa chododometsa ndi chosavuta kusintha kuvala kapena kutayikira, vuto lokhalo lotheka ndilokuti tsamba lamasamba limagwedezeka. Ngati nsonga ya gudumu itayika pamwamba pa gudumu, kasupe ayenera kusinthidwa.
• Chiwongolero: Chiwongolero cha Rack-and-pinion sichingakhale ndi vuto lililonse chifukwa sichingatengere kupanikizika kwambiri, ngakhale kuti bwalo lozungulira la Spitfire ndilolimba kwambiri.
• Kumanga mabuleki: Zilinso chimodzimodzi pa mabuleki. Ndi zachikhalidwe kwathunthu, chifukwa chake mumangofunika kulabadira kutayikira kwa silinda yakumbuyo, kupanikizana kwa pistoni ya caliper, ndi kupanikizana kwamabrake. Zigawo zonse zilipo.
• Dzimbiri: Kuwonongeka ndiye mdani wamkulu wa Spitfire; imatha kugunda chipolopolo cha thupi ndi chassis, ndipo poyambira ndi yofunika kwambiri ku mphamvu yagalimoto.
• Kukonza khomo ndi khomo: Eni magalimoto ambiri amakonza Spitfire yawo kunyumba ndipo samachirikiza chigoba cha thupi posintha zitseko za zitseko zitatu, zomwe zimasokoneza chigoba cha thupi.
• Mawindo a mawindo: Choyamba fufuzani kukhulupirika kwa mawindo; malo omwe amakumana ndi phiko la mchira ndi malo otheka kuti pakhale dzimbiri. Ikawola, kuisamalira kwa nthawi yayitali kumafunika luso.
• Madzi pazenera: Yang'ananinso kutsogolo kwa sill iliyonse; mabowo akuyenera kuwonekera apa. Madzi adzalowa, kuwononga kwambiri zenera lonse.
• Kuwola: Pali zinanso zowola zoti muone: mbali yakumbuyo ya khomo, pansi pa chitseko, pansi pa thunthu ndi mafelemu akutsogolo zonse zikhoza kukhala ndi dzimbiri kwambiri.
• Kuwola kowonjezereka: zomwezo zimapitanso kwa A-zipilala, magudumu a magudumu (mkati ndi kunja), ndi kuwala kozungulira ndi makatani akutsogolo.
• Dzimbiri lambiri: pansi panso pamakhala dzimbiri, nthawi zina chifukwa chowola chimafalikira kuchokera pawindo, nthawi zina chifukwa chodzaza ndi madzi.
• Kusiyana kwa gulu: Kenako, fufuzani ngati chitseko chatsekedwa, chitseko chikhale cholunjika pansi. Ngati galimotoyo siinakonzedwe bwino ndipo casing ikupotozedwa, chitseko sichidzagwedezeka mpaka pansi ndipo mzere wotseka sudzakhala wofanana.
• Kuwonongeka kwa ngozi: Kuthekera kwa ngozi kumakhalanso kwakukulu, chifukwa magalimoto amenewa nthawi zambiri amakopa madalaivala osadziŵa zambiri akasangalala ndi zosangalatsa zotsika mtengo. Ngati galimotoyo yasokoneza kwambiri, kuwonongeka kudzakhala koonekeratu; kukhudza kulikonse komwe kuli kokwanira kupotoza chassis yayikulu kuwononga gulu losakhwima lagalimoto.
• Kuwonongeka kwa chassis: Zowonongeka zazing'ono zimatha kuyambitsa mavuto ambiri, chifukwa zimakhala zovuta kuziwona. Komabe, ngati gululo liyikidwa pamalo onse akutsogolo, ndizotheka kuti njanji yakutsogolo ya chassis yolumikizidwa ndi drapery yawonongeka.
• Zamagetsi: Ngakhale kuti vuto lina la magetsi likhoza kuchitika, nthawi zambiri kumakhala kusakhazikika bwino kapena kulephera kwa zida zosinthira zotsika mtengo. Chilichonse chilipo ndipo chimakwanira popanda mavuto.
• Chepetsa: Apanso, kudula sikuyenera kuyambitsa vuto, chifukwa zambiri zimapangidwanso. Komabe, mbali zina zamagalimoto oyambilira ndizovuta kuzidziwa, koma ngati mukuyang'ana MkIV kapena 1500, mutha kuyisinthanso galimotoyo kuti ifanane ndi zomwe idakhazikitsidwa kapena kuyikweza mosavuta komanso motsika mtengo.
1967: MkIII idatuluka, yokhala ndi injini ya 1296cc, hood yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso masitayelo osinthidwa.
1970: MkIV ikubweretsa kukweza nkhope kwina, kuphatikiza bokosi la gear lolumikizidwa bwino komanso kugwiridwa kodziwikiratu, chifukwa cha kuyimitsidwa kwabwino kumbuyo.
1973: Mtundu wa 1500 unatulutsidwa, kumsika waku US kokha. Popeza zida zonse zowongolera utsi ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa, mota yayikulu imafunika. Palinso njira yochulukirapo yosowa kuthana ndi zovuta zowongolera.
Cholimbikitsacho sichitsika mtengo kwambiri kuposa chimodzi mwa izo. Spitfire ndiyotsika mtengo kuposa MG Midget kapena B, ndipo ikhoza kukhala njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri yosangalalira ndi kuyendetsa popanda pamwamba. Kwa ndalama zochepa, mukhoza kugula Spitfire yomwe ingapitirize kuyenda; ngati muli ndi sockets pamanja, mutha kugula chinthu cha mapaundi 1,000.
Ngati bajeti yanu ili yolimba kwambiri, zidzakhala zovuta kuti mupeze chilichonse chomwe chimapereka zosangalatsa zofanana ndi Spitfire, koma mtengo wotsika woterewu ndi lupanga lakuthwa konsekonse, chifukwa chifukwa chake, pali zinyalala zambiri zomwe zilipo. Ngati mugula galimoto yomanga, Podziwa kuti pamafunika ntchito yambiri, palibe vuto.
Magalimoto ambiri tsopano akukonzedwa ndipo n'zovuta kupeza chiyambi; makina oyimitsidwa, zotayira, injini ndi mawilo nthawi zambiri zimasinthidwa, kotero musayembekezere kupeza magalimoto opindika nthawi. Kupanda chiyambi nthawi zambiri si vuto (ngakhale lingakhale vuto kwa inu), koma kukonzanso kosauka kumakhala vuto chifukwa ambiri obwezeretsa nyumba amadula mano pamagalimoto monga Spitfires.
Koma nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti ndikosavuta kuwona chitsiru kupitilira masitepe 100, chonde gulani ndi maso ndikukonzekera kusangalala ndi zotsika mtengo. Magalimoto oyambirira ndithudi ndi ofunika kwambiri. Mitundu ya Mk1, Mk2 ndi Mk3 yonse ili pamtengo pafupifupi £8,000 mumkhalidwe wawo wabwino kwambiri.
Mtengo wapakati wagalimoto ndi mapaundi 3000-5000, ndipo ntchitoyi imayamba pafupifupi mapaundi 1000. Pambuyo pake zitsanzo za Mk4 ndi 1500 zikadali zotsika mtengo, zokhala ndi mtengo wokwanira pafupifupi mapaundi 5500, ndipo ma treadmill abwino pamsika amagulitsidwa 2000-3750 pounds. Ntchito yotheka ikupezekabe pamtengo wa pafupifupi £850.
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Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-16-2021
