Valve ifunga hejuru yububiko bwa valve gusudira inenge uburyo bwo kubyitwaramo

Valve ifunga hejuru yububiko bwa valve gusudira inenge uburyo bwo kubyitwaramo

Ubuso bwa kashe ya valve ni isura yingenzi yakazi ya valve, ubuziranenge bwubuso bufitanye isano nubuzima bwa serivisi ya valve, mubisanzwe bifunga ibikoresho byo hejuru kugirango harebwe kurwanya ruswa, kurwanya abrasion, kurwanya isuri, kurwanya okiside nibindi bintu. Mubisanzwe bigabanijwemo ibyiciro bibiri: ibikoresho byoroshye, ibikoresho bikomeye byo gufunga.
Ubuso bwa kashe ya valve ni isura yingenzi yakazi ya valve, ubuziranenge bwubuso bufitanye isano nubuzima bwa serivisi ya valve, mubisanzwe bifunga ibikoresho byo hejuru kugirango harebwe kurwanya ruswa, kurwanya abrasion, kurwanya isuri, kurwanya okiside nibindi bintu.
Mubisanzwe hariho ibyiciro bibiri byingenzi:
(1) Ibikoresho byoroshye
1, reberi (harimo reberi ya butadiene, rebero ya fluor, nibindi)
2, plastike (PTFE, nylon, nibindi)
(2) ibikoresho bikomeye byo gufunga
1, umusemburo wumuringa (kuri valve yumuvuduko muke)
2, chromium ibyuma bidafite ingese (kubisanzwe byumuvuduko mwinshi)
3, Sitai alloy (kubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe numuvuduko mwinshi hamwe na ruswa ikomeye)
4. Nickel base alloy (kubitangazamakuru byangirika)
Imbonerahamwe yo gufunga ibikoresho byo gutoranya
Ikimenyetso cyo gufunga ibikoresho ukoresheje ubushyuhe / ℃ ubukana bushobora gukoreshwa hagati yumuringa wo hagati wa feza -273 ~ 232 amazi, amazi yo mu nyanja, umwuka, umwuka wa ogisijeni, ibyuka byuzuye 316L valve bifunga hejuru -268 ~ 31614HRC icyuka, amazi, amavuta, gaze, gaze yamazi, na ibindi byangirika bike kandi nta isuri yo hagati ya 17-4PH ya valve ifunga hejuru -40 ~ 40040 ~ 45HRC hamwe nibitangazamakuru byangirika gato ariko byangirika Cr13 valve ifunga isura -101 ~ 40037 ~ 42HRC hamwe nibitangazamakuru byangirika ariko byangirika Stalli alloy valve ifunga isura -268 ~ 65040 ~ 45HRC (ubushyuhe bwicyumba)
38HRC (650 ° C) hamwe nibitangazamakuru byangirika kandi byangirika Monel alloy KS valve ifunga hejuru -240 ~ 48227 ~ 35HRC
30 ~ 38HRC alkali, umunyu, ibiryo, igisubizo cya aside idafite umwuka, nibindi Hasloy CB valve ifunga hejuru 371
53814HRC
Http
-253 ~ 427 okiside igereranya hamwe nubunini butandukanye bwa acide sulfurike
Nigute wakemura inenge zo gusudira
1, incamake ya
Mubyuma byumuvuduko mumiyoboro yinganda, ibyuma byuma bizwi cyane kubiciro byubukungu no gushushanya byoroshye. Ariko, kubera imbogamizi zubunini bwa casting, uburebure bwurukuta, ikirere, ibikoresho fatizo nibikorwa byubwubatsi, inenge zatewe nka trachholes, pore, cracks, shrinkage porosity, umwobo wo kugabanuka no kubishyiramo bishobora kugaragara, cyane cyane mubyuma bivangwa nicyuma hamwe no guta umucanga. Kuberako ibintu byinshi bivanga mubyuma, niko bigenda byangirika kwamazi yicyuma cyamazi, inenge ya casting irashobora kugaragara. Kubwibyo rero, ivangura rishingiye ku nenge no gushyiraho uburyo bwo gusudira bushyize mu gaciro, ubukungu, bufatika kandi bwizewe bwo gusana kugira ngo harebwe niba icyuma cyo gusudira cyo gusana cyujuje ubuziranenge cyabaye ikibazo rusange cyo gutunganya ibicuruzwa bishyushye kandi bikonje. Uru rupapuro rutangiza uburyo bwo gusana bwo gusudira hamwe nuburambe bwibintu byinshi bikunze kugaragara mubyuma (electrode ihagarariwe nikirango gishaje).
2. Kuvura neza
2.1 Urubanza rutuzuye
MU BIKORWA BY'UMUSARURO, BIMWE MU BIKORWA BIKORESHEJWE NTIBYemerewe gusana gusudira, nko gucamo ibice, gucengera inenge (unyuze hepfo), ibinure by ubuki, ntibishobora kumucanga no gutemba no kugabanuka k'ubuso bwa santimetero zirenga 65, kimwe izindi nenge zikomeye zidashobora gusanwa gusudira byemeranijwe mumasezerano. Ubwoko bw'inenge bugomba kugenwa mbere yo gusana gusudira.
2.2. Kurandura burundu
Mu nganda, imyuka ya karubone arc irashobora gukoreshwa kugirango ikureho inenge zatewe, hanyuma inguni ya Angle ifashe intoki irashobora gukoreshwa mu guhanagura ibice bifite inenge kugeza igihe urumuri rwerekanwe. Ariko mubikorwa byo kubyaza umusaruro, inenge zavanyweho hakoreshejwe electrode ya karubone ifite umuyaga mwinshi kandi urumuri rwicyuma rushyirwaho na gride ya Angle. Mubisanzwe, inenge ya casting irashobora gukurwaho na 2.3. Shyushya ibice bifite inenge
Ibyuma bya karubone hamwe na austenitike idafite ibyuma, aho ubuso bwigice cyo gusana kiri munsi ya 65cm2, ubujyakuzimu buri munsi ya 20% cyangwa 25mm yubugari bwa casting, mubisanzwe ntibikeneye gushyuha. Nyamara, ZG15Cr1Mo1V, ZGCr5Mo hamwe nibindi byuma bya pearlitike bigomba gushyuha ku bushyuhe bwa 200 ~ 400 ℃ (gusana gusudira hamwe na electrode idafite ibyuma, ubushyuhe ni buto) kandi igihe cyo gufata ntigomba kuba munsi ya 60min kubera ubukana bukabije. y'ibyuma no gucamo byoroshye gusudira bikonje. Nka casting ntishobora gushyuha muri rusange, okisijene iboneka - acetylene ahantu hafite inenge no kwaguka mm 20 nyuma yo gushyuha kugeza 300-350 ℃ (micro back visual visual in red red) ibizengurutse ni umuzenguruko mu minota mike, hanyuma ukagenda buhoro buhoro muminota 10 (ukurikije ubunini bwinenge), kora ibice bifite inenge byuzuye nyuma yo kubishyushya, wuzuze vuba Welding.
3.2. Kuvura amashanyarazi
Mbere yo gusana gusudira, ugomba kubanza gusuzuma niba electrode yashushe, muri rusange electrode igomba kuba 150 ~ 250 ℃ yumisha 1H. Electrode yashushe igomba gushyirwa mubisanduku, kugirango ikoreshwe nkuko bikenewe. Electrode irashyuha inshuro 3 inshuro nyinshi. Niba igipfundikizo hejuru ya electrode kiguye, kigacika kandi kikaba, ntigomba gukoreshwa.
3.3. Gusana ibihe byo gusudira
Kubintu byafunzwe, nka valve shell seepage nyuma yikizamini cyumuvuduko, igice kimwe muri rusange cyemewe gusanwa rimwe gusa, kandi ntigishobora gusanwa inshuro nyinshi, kuko gusudira inshuro nyinshi bizatuma ingano yibyuma bitagira ingano, bigira ingaruka kumitungo ya casting, keretse iyo casting ishobora kongera kuvurwa nubushyuhe nyuma yo gusudira. Gusana gusudira igice kimwe nta gahato ntibishobora kurenza inshuro 3. Ibyuma bya karuboni byasanwe inshuro zirenze ebyiri mugice kimwe bigomba kuvurwa kugirango bikureho nyuma yo gusudira.
3.4. Sana uburebure bwurwego rwo gusudira
Uburebure bwo gusudira uburebure bwa casting muri rusange bureshya na 2mm hejuru yindege ya casting, byoroshye gukora. Gusana urwego rwo gusudira ruri hasi cyane, byoroshye kwerekana inkovu yo gusudira nyuma yo gukora. Gusana urwego rwo gusudira ruri hejuru cyane, rutwara igihe kandi rukora cyane
4, gusana gusudira nyuma yo kuvurwa
4.1. Gusana ingenzi gusudira
Muri ASTMA217 / A217M-2007, guterana hamwe no kumeneka mugihe cyikizamini cya hydraulic, guteramo hamwe nogusana gusana> 65cm2, guteramo ubujyakuzimu> 20% byubugari bwurukuta cyangwa 25mm bifatwa nkibyingenzi byo gusana. IRASABWA MURI A217 KUGARAGAZA KO GUKURAHO CYANGWA KUGARAGAZA KUGARAGAZA GUKURIKIRA, KANDI BIKURIKIRA CYANE CYANGWA KUGARAGAZA KUGARAGAZA MU BIKORWA BIKORESHEJWE BIKORESHEJWE, Dukurikije ASTMA352 / A352M2006, kugabanya imihangayiko cyangwa kuvura ubushyuhe nyuma yo gusudira bikomeye ni ngombwa. Mu nganda zijyanye n’inganda z’Ubushinwa JB / T5263-2005 za A217 / A217M, gusudira gukomeye bisobanurwa nk '"inenge ikomeye". Ariko mubyukuri, usibye guteramo ubusa birashobora gusubirwamo rwose, inenge nyinshi ziboneka mugihe cyo kurangiza, ntishobora kuvurwa ubushyuhe rwose. Kubwibyo, mubikorwa byumusaruro, mubisanzwe bikemurwa muburyo bunoze kurubuga numudozi ufite uburambe hamwe nicyemezo cyo gusudira icyombo.
4.2. Kuraho imihangayiko
Inenge zabonetse nyuma yo gusana gusudira gusana, ntizashoboye gukora muri rusange gukuraho ubushyuhe bwo kugabanya ubushyuhe, mubisanzwe birashobora gukoresha igice cyinenge cya ogisijeni-acetylene flame uburyo bwo gushyushya ubushyuhe bwaho. Itara rinini ryo gukata rikoreshwa mukuzunguruka buhoro buhoro urumuri rutagira aho rubogamiye inyuma, hanyuma casting irashyuha kugeza ubwo isura igaragara itukura yijimye (hafi 740 ℃), kandi casting ikomeza gushyuha (2min / mm, ariko ntibiri munsi ya 30min ). Inenge igomba gutwikirwa na asibesitosi ako kanya nyuma yo kuvura ibibazo. Pearlitic ibyuma bya valve inenge ya diameter, gusudira gusana nabyo bigomba kuzuzwa muri diameter ya plaque ya asibesitosi, kugirango ubukonje buhoro. Iki gikorwa kiroroshye kandi cyubukungu, ariko gisaba gusudira kugira uburambe bufatika.
Ibyuma bidafite ingese muri rusange ntibivurwa nyuma yo gusana gusudira, ariko bigomba gusudirwa ahantu hafite umwuka, kugirango aho gusudira gusana hakonje vuba. Keretse niba byerekanwe ko imiterere ya austenitis yahinduwe nyuma yo gusana gusudira, cyangwa ni inenge ikomeye. Nkuko amasezerano abiteganya, uburyo bwo gukemura igisubizo bugomba gusubirwamo. Carbone STEEL CASTINGS NININI NINSHI ZIKURIKIRA hamwe nuduce twa pearLITE zitandukanye murwego rwo gusukura no gutunganya imashini zitoroshye, ariko hamwe n’amafaranga yo kurangiza, bigomba kuvurwa no gukuraho stress nyuma yo gusudira gusudira. Ubushyuhe bwo kugabanya ubushyuhe bwa Carbone burashobora gushyirwaho nka 600 ~ 650 ℃, ZG15Cr1Mo1V na ZGCr5Mo ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe burashobora gushyirwaho nka 700 ~ 740 ℃, ZG35CrMo ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe bwashyizweho nka 500 ~ 550 ℃. Kubyuma byose, ibyuma bifata igihe cyo kugabanya ubushyuhe ntibishobora kuba munsi ya 120min, kandi imyanda irekurwa mugihe itanura rimaze gukonja munsi ya 100 ℃.
4.3 Ikizamini kidahwitse
Kubijyanye n ubuziranenge nkibya casting. Niba gutora byakozwe hakurikijwe ibisabwa byiyongera kuri S5 (ubugenzuzi bwa radiografiya), inshinge imwe nubugenzuzi bwa casting izakoreshwa mugupima hydraulic test yamenetse ya casting, cyangwa mugusana gusudira kwabaterankunga bose bafite ubujyakuzimu. irenga 20% yubugari bwurukuta cyangwa 1in1 (25mm) naho kubwo gusana gusudira abaterankunga bose bafite umwobo urenga 10in2 (65cm2) hakorwa igenzura ryumurongo. Igipimo cya JB / T5263-2005 giteganya ko kugenzura imirasire cyangwa ultrasonic bigomba gukorwa nyuma yo gusana gusudira inenge zikomeye. Nukuvuga ko, inenge zikomeye hamwe no gusudira byingenzi gusudira, bigomba kuba igenzura ridafite ishingiro, ryerekanwe ko ryujuje ibisabwa mbere yo gukoreshwa.
4.4. Isuzuma ry'amanota
Ku bijyanye n’amanota y’ubugenzuzi budasenya raporo y’ahantu ho gusudira, JB / T3595-2002 iteganya ko igikoni cya valve no gusana igice cyo gusudira igice cy’ibyuma bikozwe mu byuma by’amashanyarazi bigomba gusuzumwa hakurikijwe GB / T5677-1985, na amanota yujuje ibyangombwa. Valve butt weld igomba gusuzumwa ukurikije GB / T3323-1987, Icyiciro cya 2 cyujuje ibyangombwa. JB / T644-2008 iratanga kandi ingingo zisobanutse zerekana ko hariho ibyiciro bibiri bitandukanye byinenge muri casting icyarimwe. Iyo hari ubwoko bubiri cyangwa bwinshi bwinenge hamwe n amanota atandukanye mugace kisuzuma, amanota yo hasi afatwa nkicyiciro cyuzuye cyo gusuzuma. Iyo hari ubwoko bubiri cyangwa bwinshi bwinenge hamwe nicyiciro kimwe, icyiciro cyuzuye kizagabanywa nurwego rumwe.
Kugira ngo hashyirwemo icyapa, kudahuza no kutinjira mu nenge mu gusana aho gusudira, JB / T6440-2008 harateganya ko hashyirwaho isuzuma ry’imisemburo y’udusimba, kandi ko ubusembwa bw’inenge mu gice cyo gusudira bushobora gufatwa nk’ubushake. gusuzuma isuzumabumenyi.
Amasezerano yo gutumiza indangagaciro mubihe rusange byakazi ntabwo aranga urwego rwo guta ibyuma, tutibagiwe nicyiciro cyujuje ibyangombwa nyuma yo gusana no gusudira inenge mumasezerano, akenshi bizana kwivuguruza kwinshi mubikorwa, kugenzura no kugurisha ibicuruzwa. Ukurikije urwego nyarwo rwiza rwo guta ibyuma mu Bushinwa hamwe nuburambe bwimyaka myinshi, muri rusange abantu bemeza ko igipimo cy’isuzuma ry’akarere ko gusudira kitagomba kuba munsi y’urwego rwa 3 rwa GB / T5677-1985, ni ukuvuga urwego ⅲ rwa ASMEE446b bisanzwe. Igikonoshwa gifite ibice byibyuma byuma hamwe numuvuduko ukabije wibyuma byumuyaga mugihe imiyoboro itarwanya aside igomba kuba yujuje ASMEE446b ⅱ cyangwa hejuru yubuziranenge. IBISUBIZO BY'IKIZAMINI CYA RADIOGRAFIQUE YEREKANA KO MU KARERE KATANZWE KUGARAGARA HAMWE N'UBURYO BUKORESHEJWE N'UBURENGANZIRA, inenge zavutse mu gihe cyo kwambika imyenda ni nkeya ndetse no mu rwego rwo hejuru kuruta gutora ubwayo. Muri make, gusana gusudira nkigice cyibikorwa byo gukora ntibigomba gufatanwa uburemere.
4.5. Ikizamini gikomeye
Nubwo aho gusudira gusana byujuje ibisabwa nubugenzuzi budafite ishingiro, ariko niba hakenewe imashini, ubukana bwahantu ho gusudira bugomba kongera kugenzurwa, ari nabwo bugenzura ingaruka zo gukuraho imihangayiko. Niba ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe budahagije, cyangwa igihe kidahagije, bizatera ahantu ho gusudira imbaraga zicyuma cya fusion ni ndende, plastike mbi, ahantu ho gusudira bizakomera cyane, byoroshye kuganisha kubikoresho. Ibiranga ibyuma fatizo nicyuma gishongeshejwe ntabwo bihuye, kandi biroroshye gutera impungenge zaho hamwe nibimenyetso bigaragara byo gusana inzibacyuho. Kubwibyo, agace kasubiwemo kagomba kumenyekana no kugeragezwa hamwe nagaciro gakomeye. Ahantu ho gusudira hasanwe buhoro buhoro hasya intoki, kandi ingingo eshatu zakubiswe nigeragezwa rya Brinell. Agaciro gakomeye kahantu ho gusudira kagereranijwe nagaciro gakomeye kicyuma ubwacyo. Niba indangagaciro zikomeye zakarere zombi zisa, byerekana ko ubushyuhe bwa ogisijeni-acetylene bugenda neza. Niba agaciro gakomeye kahantu ho gusudira gusana kurenze 20 gukomera kwicyuma, birasabwa kongera gukora kugeza igihe ubukana buri hafi yicyuma. Ubukomezi bwumuvuduko wibyuma nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe muri rusange byateguwe kuba 160 ~ 200HB. Gukomera cyane cyangwa gukomera cyane ntabwo bifasha gukora imashini. Ubukomere bwahantu ho gusana gusudira ni hejuru cyane, bizatuma plastike yayo igabanuka kandi bigabanye imikorere yumutekano yubushobozi bwa valve.
5, umwanzuro
Gusana siyanse yo gusudira inenge yibyuma ni tekinoroji yo kongera ingufu zikoranabuhanga. HAMWE NUBUFASHA bwuburyo bugezweho bwo kugerageza, guhanga udushya no kunoza bigomba gukorwa mubikoresho byo gusudira, ibikoresho byo gusudira, abakozi nikoranabuhanga, kugirango tumenye neza guhuza ibikorwa no kubungabunga.