Yiziphi izinyathelo zokugcinwa okuphephile kwamapayipi nama-valve? Kungani ama-valve esango enqatshelwe amapayipi omoya-mpilo

Yiziphi izinyathelo zokugcinwa okuphephile kwamapayipi nama-valve? Kungani ama-valve esango enqatshelwe amapayipi omoya-mpilo

1. Ngaphambi kokulungiswa, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-valve, ipayipi kanye nesistimu kuhlukaniswe ngendlela enokwethenjelwa, futhi uhlelo lapho i-valve nepayipi litholakala khona lingalungiswa kuphela ngemva kokukhipha amanzi kanye nokunciphisa ukucindezela ku-zero. Lapho usika ipayipi, ipayipi elisikiwe kufanele livinjwe ngesikhathi ukuze kuvinjelwe udoti. Lapho i-beveling, abasebenzi kufanele bagqoke izibuko zokuzivikela, futhi i-Mars splash direction akufanele ime. Impahla eshintshiwe kufanele iqinisekiswe ngezinto futhi ibe nesitifiketi sokufaneleka ngaphambi kokuthi isetshenziselwe ukuvimbela izinto ezingalungile. Ekunakekeleni ipayipi le-soda nempushana yomoya, ipayipi elidala liyasikwa, ipayipi elisha, ijoyinti lokunweba kanye nendololwane kufakwa futhi kuphakanyiswe, kanti ingxenye engezansi inqatshelwe ngokuqinile ukuma nokudlula lapho kushiselwa, ukuze kugwenywe ukulimala, ukusha. kanye nokushisa.
2, khulula amandla ekhanda likagesi we-valve, umthombo womoya wekhanda lomoya, bese ulenga uphawu oluyisixwayiso. Lapho ukhipha ikhanda likagesi nelomoya, khulula ibhawodi bese uliphakamisela phansi kancane kancane nge-hoist, ulibeke. Ngemuva kokuhlakazwa, izingxenye ze-VALVE kufanele zibekwe endaweni ekhethiwe, futhi inhlabathi kufanele ibekwe nge-rubber pad ukuvimbela ukulimala kwempahla kanye nomhlabathi. Lapho SITHUTHUKISA I-VALVE flange BOLT, ISISEBENZI AKAVUMELEKILE ukuthi sime endaweni ehlangene ye-flange, uma kwenzeka kuba nokulimala okusele kwe-soda spray. Ngaphambi kokuba ipayipi lamalahle eligayiwe lime ukusebenza, amalahle agayiwe epayipini kufanele aphephethwe ahlanzeke ukuvimbela ukusha okuzenzakalelayo kokunqwabelana kwempushana.
3. Ngaphambi kokuhlanganiswa, indawo ehlangene ye-valve core kanye nesihlalo sevalvu kufanele ihlolwe futhi ifaneleke ngaphambi kokuhlanganiswa. Lapho sihlanganisa, kufanele sihlanze izingxenye ezamukelekayo kanye nezingxenye, ngokuhambisana ngokuqinile nokulandelana kwenqubo, ukuvimbela ukuvuza nokulayisha kabi. Ukugaywa kwesihlalo se-valve kanye ne-spool kuzosebenzisa ngokuqinile amazinga enqubo amaholoholo, amahle futhi acolekileyo. Lapho kushintsha i-sandpaper yokugaya eyisicaba, amathuluzi okugaya kufanele abekwe phambili kuqala ukuze kuvinjelwe amantongomane nezinye izinto ezihlukile ekuweleni kugobolondo levalvu.
Izinyathelo zobuchwepheshe zokulungisa amapayipi kanye nama-valve
1. Ngemuva kokugcinwa kwendawo ye-valve, ukuhlolwa kwe-hydraulic kwenziwa kanye nomzimba we-boiler. Indiza ye-tooth pad kufanele ibe bushelelezi ngaphandle kwamamaki kasilika, imifantu, njll., ukwakha isigcwalisi kufanele kube bushelelezi futhi singabhubhisi. I-joint izoba ngu-45 °, i-staggered 1200 ukubekwa. Hlanza futhi uhlole isiqu se-valve kanye nebhokisi lokupakisha, sula nge-sandpaper, udonga lwebhokisi lokupakisha kufanele luhlanzeke, isihlalo sokupakisha kufanele sihlanzeke ngaphandle kwezibazi, i-elliptical kufanele ibe I-2, igobolondo kufanele libe liphelele, indawo ehlangene kufanele ibe bushelelezi, ingabi nama-grooves, izibazi, isuse i-pitting, imigodi, amamaki kasilika, ukufeza okungaguquguquki okukhanyayo, okubushelelezi, ukuhlukumeza kwe-0.2, ukubeka uphawu ngaphandle kwamaphutha. Ingaphezulu lesihlalo esithwele libushelelezi futhi alikonakali, akukho nokugqwala. Ibhola lensimbi aliguquki futhi kufanele lijikeleze ngokuguquguqukayo. Isihlalo sevalvu kanye nodonga lwangaphakathi lomkhono wethusi kufanele busheleleke futhi bungabi ne-burr, futhi i-ellipticity yomkhono kufanele ibe ngu-3, igebe phakathi kwesiqu se-valve kanye nesihlahla sekhava esingaphansi ngaphansi kwe-spool ngu-0.2mm, igebe phakathi kwesiqu se-valve nesihlalo se-valve ngu-0.3-0.4mm, igebe phakathi kwesiqu se-valve kanye nesembozo sokupakisha kanye nesihlalo sokupakisha. ingu-0.15-0.20mm, igebe phakathi kwesembozo sevalvu nesihlalo sevalvu ngu-0.2-0.3mm, igebe phakathi kwewasha nesembozo sevalvu kanye nesihlalo sevalvu ngu-1.0-1.2mm, Igebe phakathi kwendlala nesihlalo ngu-0.5- 1.0mm.
4, isiqu se-valve ekujikelezeni kwe-spool kufanele siguquke, siye phezulu naphansi sikhululeke ngo-0.05mm, i-spool esihlalweni se-valve esishintshashintshayo. Ngeke kube nomlomo ongalungile osobala epayipini, futhi ingaphakathi lepayipi lizoba bushelelezi futhi umthungo wokushisela uzogcwaliswa. Lapho uqaqa, umlomo wocingo kufanele uvinjwe ukuthi ungalimazi, ukushintsha kuyavumelana nezimo, futhi akukho ukuvuza kwangaphakathi. Ibhande lokuxhumana kufanele liqhubeke futhi lifanane libe ngaphezu kuka-2/3 wobubanzi, futhi kukhona umugqa wokuvala oqhubekayo. Indandatho ye-tetra kufanele ifakwe emseleni, futhi igebe phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezine kufanele libe elilinganayo. I-disc ochungechungeni lwesihlalo se-valve imvume ehambayo kufanele igcinwe ku-1-1.5 mm.
Kungani ama-valve esango enqatshelwe amapayipi omoya-mpilo
Ngokuhambisana ne- "GB 16912-1997 Oxygen kanye nokuphepha kwegesi okuhlobene Imithetho yezobuchwepheshe" ezintweni ze-valve: ingcindezi inkulu kuno-0.1mpa, akuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa i-valve yesango, i-0.1mpAP0.6mpa, i-valve disc iyinsimbi engagqwali, i-0.6 mpAP10mpa, yonke insimbi engagqwali noma yonke i-valve ye-alloy yethusi,
P
Lapho 10 mpa
, yonke ingxubevange yethusi.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokwanda kokusetshenziswa komoya-mpilo, abasebenzisi abakhulu bomoya-mpilo basebenzisa ukulethwa kwamapayipi omoya-mpilo. Ngenxa yepayipi elide, ukusatshalaliswa okubanzi, okuhambisana nokuvula ngokushesha noma ukuvala i-valve, okuholela epayipini le-oksijini kanye nezingozi zokusha kwe-valve zenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile, ngakho-ke, *** ukuhlaziywa kwepayipi le-oksijini kanye nomnyango obandayo izingozi ezifihliwe ezikhona, izingozi, futhi ukuthatha izinyathelo ezihambisanayo kubalulekile.
Okokuqala, amapayipi omoya-mpilo amaningana avamile, ukuhlaziya imbangela yokusha kwe-valve
1. Ukugqwala, uthuli kanye ne-slag yokushisela ekungqubuzaneni kwepayipi nodonga lwangaphakathi lwepayipi noma imbobo yevalvu, okuholela ekushiseni okuphezulu kwezinga lokushisa.
Lesi simo sihlobene nohlobo lokungcola, usayizi wezinhlayiyana kanye nesivinini sokugeleza komoya. I-ayoni powder kulula ukuyishisa nge-oxygen, futhi usayizi wezinhlayiya ucolile, indawo yokuthungela iyancipha; Lapho isivinini segesi sishesha, maningi amathuba okuba ishe.
2. Kunamafutha, irabha nezinye izinto ezinephuzu eliphansi lokuthungela epayipini noma ivalvu, ezovutha ekushiseni okuphezulu kwendawo.
Iphoyinti lokuthungela lezinto eziningi ezivuthayo kumoya-mpilo (kumfutho womoya):
Igama lendawo yokubasa uphethiloli (℃)
Amafutha okugcoba 273 ~ 305
I-vulcanized fiber mat 304
Irabha 130 ~ 170
Irabha ye-fluorine 474
Ihlanganiswe ne-392 b
I-Teflon 507
3. Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu elikhiqizwa ukucindezelwa kwe-adiabatic kubangela ukuba izinto ezivuthayo zishise
Isibonelo, ngaphambi kokuba i-valve ibe ngu-15MPa, izinga lokushisa lingu-20 ℃, futhi ingcindezi ngemuva kwevalvu ingu-0.1mpa. Uma i-valve ivulwa ngokushesha, izinga lokushisa le-oksijini ngemva kokuba i-valve ingafinyelela ku-553℃ ngokuvumelana nefomula yokucindezela i-adiabatic, efinyelele noma yeqe indawo yokuthungela kwezinye izinto.
4. Ukuncishiswa kwendawo yokuthungela yezinto ezivuthayo kumfutho ophezulu we-oksijini ehlanzekile wukushiswa kwevalvu yamapayipi omoya-mpilo.
Ipayipi le-oksijeni kanye ne-valve ekucindezelweni okuphezulu komoyampilo ohlanzekile, ubungozi bukhulu kakhulu, ukuhlolwa kufakazele ukuthi umlilo we-*** ungalingana ngokuphambene nesikwele sokucindezela, okubeka usongo olukhulu epayipini le-oksijini kanye nevalvu.
Okwesibili, izinyathelo zokuvimbela
1. Umklamo uzohambisana nemithethonqubo kanye namazinga afanele
Idizayini kufanele ihambisane ne-Ministry of Metallurgy yango-1981 eyakhishwa inethiwekhi yepayipi lomoya-mpilo le-Iron and Steel Enterprise yemithetho eminingana, kanye nemithethonqubo yezobuchwepheshe yokuphepha komoyampilo kanye negesi ehlobene (GB16912-1997), "ikhodi yokuklama yesiteshi se-Oxygen" (GB50030- 91) neminye imithethonqubo namazinga.
(1) Izinga elikhulu lokugeleza komoyampilo epayipini lensimbi ye-carbon kufanele lihambisane nethebula elilandelayo.
Izinga lokugeleza okukhulu komoyampilo epayipini lensimbi ye-carbon:
Ingcindezi yokusebenza (MPa) 0.1 0.1 ~ 0.6 0.6 ~ 1.6 1.6 ~ 3.0
Izinga lokugeleza (m/s) 20, 13, 10, 8
(2) Ukuze kuvinjwe umlilo, ingxenye yesisekelo sethusi noma ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali enobude obungekho ngaphansi kuka-5 ububanzi bepayipi futhi ingabi ngaphansi kuka-1.5m kufanele ixhunywe ngemuva kwevalvu yomoya-mpilo.
(3) Indololwane kanye nekhanda elivuleka kabili kufanele kumiswe kube kumbalwa ngangokunokwenzeka epayipini lomoya-mpilo. Indololwane yepayipi lomoya-mpilo elinengcindezi yokusebenza engaphezu kuka-0.1mpa kufanele yenziwe nge-flange yohlobo lwevalvu enesitembu. Isiqondiso sokugeleza komoya kwekhanda le-bifurcation kufanele sibe ama-engeli angu-45 kuya kwangu-60 ukusuka lapho kugeleza komoya okuyinhloko.
(4) Ekushiseleni izinqe ze-concave-convex flange, ucingo lokushisela ithusi lusetshenziswa njenge-O-ring, okuwuhlobo oluthembekile lokuvala i-oxygen flange evuthayo.
(5) Ipayipi lomoya-mpilo kufanele libe nesisetshenziswa esihle sokuqhuba, ukumelana nomhlabathi kufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-10, ukumelana phakathi kwama-flange kufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-0.03.
(6) Ukuphela kwepayipi eliyinhloko le-oksijini endaweni yokusebenzela kufanele kwengezwe ngepayipi elikhipha umoya ukuze kube lula ukuhlanzwa nokushintshwa kwepayipi lomoya-mpilo. Ngaphambi kokuba ipayipi lomoya-mpilo elide lingene kuvalvu elawulayo endaweni yokusebenzela, isisefo kufanele sisethwe.
2. Izinyathelo Zokufaka
(1) zonke izingxenye ezithinta umoya-mpilo kufanele zikhishwe ngokuqinile, zikhishwe ngomoya owomile noma i-nitrogen ngaphandle kukawoyela.
(2) Ukushisela kuyoba i-argon arc welding noma i-arc welding.
3. Izixwayiso Zokusebenza
(1) Lapho uvula futhi uvala i-valve yomoya-mpilo, kufanele yenziwe kancane. Umsebenzisi kufanele ame ohlangothini lwevalvu futhi ayivule kanye endaweni.
(2) Akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa umoya-mpilo ukuxubha ipayipi noma ukusebenzisa umoya-mpilo ukuhlola ukuvuza nokucindezela.
(3) Ukuqaliswa kohlelo lwethikithi lokusebenza, ngaphambi kokusebenza kwenhloso, indlela, izimo zokwenza incazelo enemininingwane kanye nezinhlinzeko.
(4) Ama-valve oksijini okwenziwa ngesandla anobubanzi obungaphezu kuka-70mm avunyelwe ukusebenza kuphela lapho umehluko wengcindezi phakathi kwengaphambili nangemuva kwevalvu uncishiswa ube ngaphansi kuka-0.3mpa.
4. Izinyathelo zokuphepha zesondlo
(1) Ipayipi lomoya-mpilo kufanele lihlolwe njalo futhi linakekelwe, lisuswe ukugqwala futhi lipendwe, njalo eminyakeni emi-3 kuya kwemi-5.
(2) Ivalvu yokuphepha kanye negeji yokucindezela epayipini kufanele ihlolwe njalo, kanye ngonyaka.
(3) Thuthukisa umshini ophansi.
(4) Ngaphambi komsebenzi oshisayo, ukushintshwa nokuhlanza kufanele kwenziwe. Lapho okuqukethwe komoyampilo kugesi ephephethwayo kungu-18% ~ 23%, kuyafaneleka.
(5) I-Valve, i-flange, i-gasket nepayipi, ukukhetha kokufaka amapayipi kufanele kuhambisane “nemithethonqubo yobuchwepheshe yokuphepha kwe-oksijeni negesi ehlobene” (GB16912-1997) izinhlinzeko ezifanele.
(6) Sungula amafayela obuchwepheshe, ukusebenza kwezitimela, ukulungisa kabusha kanye nabasebenzi bokunakekela.
5. Ezinye izindlela zokuphepha
(1) Ukwenza ngcono ukubaluleka kwabasebenzi bokwakha, ukunakekela kanye nokusebenza ngokuphepha.
(2) ngcono ukuqapha kwabaphathi.
(3) Ukwenyusa izinga lesayensi nobuchwepheshe.
(4) Ukuthuthukisa ngokuqhubekayo uhlelo lokulethwa komoyampilo.
Isiphetho:
Isizathu sokuthi kungani i-valve yesango ivinjelwe kungenxa yokuthi indawo yokuvala ye-valve yesango ekuhambeni okuhlobene (okungukuthi, i-valve switch) izodala umonakalo wokuhuzuka ngenxa yokungqubuzana, uma sekonakele, kukhona impushana yensimbi evela endaweni evaliwe. , izinhlayiya ezinjalo ezinhle ze-iron powder kulula ukuzishisa, lokhu kuyingozi yangempela.
Eqinisweni, ipayipi le-oksijini alivunyelwe ukungena ku-valve yesango, amanye ama-valve okumisa anezingozi, indawo yokuvala ye-valve yokumisa izolimala, njengoba kungase kube yingozi, okuhlangenwe nakho kwamabhizinisi amaningi ukuthi ipayipi lomoya-mpilo wonke lisebenzisa i-copper alloy valve. , hhayi i-carbon steel, i-valve yensimbi engagqwali.
I-valve ye-copper alloy inezinzuzo zamandla aphezulu emishini, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukuphepha okuhle (akukhiqizi ugesi omile), ngakho-ke isizathu sangempela kungenxa yokuthi indawo yokuvala i-valve yesango kulula ukuyigqoka futhi ikhiqize insimbi iyicala eliyinhloko, njengoba ngoba ukwehla kokubekwa uphawu akusona isihluthulelo.
Eqinisweni amasango amaningi epayipi le-oxygen alisetshenziswa njengengozi, ngokuvamile avela ezinhlangothini zombili zomehluko we-valve mkhulu, i-valve ivuleka ngokushesha, izingozi eziningi zibonisa nokuthi umthombo wokuthungela nophethiloli kuyimbangela yokuphela, khubaza. i-valve yesango iyindlela kuphela yokulawula uphethiloli, futhi ukugqwala, ukwehlisa, uwoyela ovinjelwe njalo kuyafana, inhloso Ngokuqondene nokulawula izinga lokugeleza, yenza umsebenzi omuhle wokumisa i-electrostatic ukuqeda umthombo womlilo. . Ngokwami ​​cabanga ukuthi impahla ye-valve yizici, epayipini le-hydrogen nazo zivela nezinkinga ezifanayo, imininingwane emisha inamagama azokhubaza isango elisusiwe, kuyisivumelwano, isihluthulelo sokuthola isizathu, izinkampani eziningi zimane kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingcindezi yokusebenza, ziyaphoqwa. nge-valve ye-alloy yethusi, kodwa njengoba ezinye izingozi zenzeka, ngakho-ke ukulawula umlilo nophethiloli, ukugcinwa ngokucophelela, Okubalulekile ukuqinisa intambo yokuphepha.