Ingxoxo ngokusetyenziswa kwevalve yomqondiso kwivalve yokulawula umbhobho womlilo kwizakhiwo eziphakamileyo

Ingxoxo ngokusetyenziswa kwevalve yomqondiso kwivalve yokulawula umbhobho womlilo kwizakhiwo eziphakamileyo

Inkcazo: Iingcebiso ze-valve yokulawula umlilo kwisakhiwo esiphakamileyo SEBENZISA ivalve yomqondiso ixoxa ngamagama angundoqo: i-valve ye-valve yokulawula i-valve yomlilo yesakhiwo esiphakamileyo ngokuhambelana nemimiselo "yekhowudi yoyilo lokukhusela umlilo wezakhiwo ezide", ngaphakathi kwindlu. inkqubo yombhobho womlilo, ivalve yesicelo sombhobho wonikezelo lwamanzi yahlulwe ngokwenani, kunye nevalve kufuneka ibe ziimpawu ezicacileyo.
Oku kwenzelwa ukuba inani lemibhobho ye-hydrant ingabi ngaphantsi kwesinye xa kusenziwa inkonzo.
{TodayHot} kunye nophuhliso lwezakhiwo zanamhlanje, ukwakhiwa kwemibhobho eyahlukeneyo yeemfuno ezintle kufuneka kufihlwe kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuhlobisa, ngoko ke, imibhobho ye-hydrant kwisilingi, i-tube kakuhle, ixhaphake, kodwa le yingxaki, eyile. ivelufa yolawulo lombhobho we-hydrant womlilo ovulekileyo awukwazi ukufumana iliso, ukubangela umbhobho womlilo unokusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo.
Imizekelo yile ilandelayo: Iprojekthi ye-“State Grid Control Centre yoBuphathiswa baMandla oMbane” iquka indawo yolwakhiwo engaphezulu kwama-50,000 eemitha zesikwere, enemigangatho emithathu engaphantsi komhlaba kunye nemigangatho engama-27 ngaphezulu komhlaba. Ubude besakhiwo bungaphezulu kweemitha ezili-110. Sisakhiwo esibanzi esilumkileyo esidibanisa umyalelo wemveliso kunye nokuthunyelwa, iofisi kunye nemisebenzi yenkomfa, kunye neqondo eliphezulu lokuzenzekelayo kunqabile eChina.
Kuyilo lwenkqubo yokutshiza iwayini ngokuzenzekelayo, ndasebenzisa iivalvu zesignali phambi kwazo zonke izikhombisi zokuhamba kwamanzi, ngoko ke imeko yenkqubo inokuboniswa kwiziko lokulawula umlilo, kwaye iingxaki zinokufumaneka kwindawo ecacileyo. Ukongezelela, ukulawulwa komgangatho wamanzi wobomi kunye nokulwa nomlilo, kunye nokuqala kunye nokuyeka kwempompo yomlilo nazo zibekwe esweni ngokufanelekileyo. Kuphela ivalve yokulawula yenkqubo yombhobho womlilo isebenzisa iivalvu eziqhelekileyo ngokuhambelana nenkcazo *, eneempawu ezicacileyo ezivulekileyo nezivaliweyo, kodwa azinakuboniswa kwiziko lolawulo lomlilo. Ukongezelela, ezi zivalo zifumaneka kwi-tube kakuhle kunye nesilingi kwiimfuno zobuhle, kwaye umgangatho wabasebenzi bangoku awukwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwenkqubo.
Kwinkqubo yokukhusela umlilo kwinkqubo yokwamkelwa, nangona ubunkokeli bekomkhulu leprojekthi yobulungiseleli, iiyunithi zokwakha kunye neeyunithi zoyilo zinzulu kakhulu, zenze ukuthunyelwa kunye nokulungiswa kwangaphambili, kuhlaziywe kakuhle, kodwa kwinkqubo yesebe lomlilo elisemthethweni ngokwenene. ukwamkelwa, kodwa kukho ingxaki, kukho i-hydrant fire hydrant kwi-standpipe kunjalo nayo ayikwazi ukuphuma emanzini, kunye nezinye ezine ziqhelekileyo, Asikwazi ukufumana ingxaki kwiziko lokulawula umlilo.
Emva kokuhlolwa, kwafunyaniswa ukuba iivalve zokulawula kuzo zombini iziphelo zokunyuka zivaliwe ngenxa yokugcinwa, kwaye abasebenzi abazange bavule iivalve emva kokugcinwa, okwenza ukuba umbhobho womlilo ungamanzi.
Ndicinga ukuba, kwimeko apho wonke umntu uncamathela ukubaluleka okukhulu, kusabonakala olu hlobo lwengxaki, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kwimeko yokukhubazeka okulula ngakumbi abazi ukuba luhlobo luni lwengxaki oluya kuvela.
Oku kunxulumene nokuba inkqubo yombhobho womlilo isisitshixo kusetyenziso olunengqiqo lweengxaki, kwaye eyona ndlela inokuthenjwa ngakumbi yokuphepha le meko ibonakala ingumbhobho womlilo weevalvu zolawulo ezibekwe kwivalvu yomqondiso, kunye nevalve evulekileyo ukubonisa embindini. yolawulo lomlilo, ukuze ukuhlolwa kwabasebenzi bolawulo, nangona ixabiso liye landa, nangona kunjalo, Umlinganiselo wotyalo-mali kuyo yonke inkqubo yombhobho womlilo usemncinci kakhulu, kwaye unokwenza ukhuseleko lwenkqubo yokucima umlilo ** ukuphuculwa, nto leyo Ndicinga ukuba lufanelekile utyalo-mali.
Ufakelo lwevalvu yokulawula kunye nohlalutyo lwengqwalasela yokwakha
Ufakelo lwevalvu yokulawula kunye nohlalutyo lwengqwalasela yokwakha
Izilumkiso zofakelo kunye nolwakhiwo:
Izilumkiso zokufakelwa kwe-valve yokulawula kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo ezifana nokusebenza okulula, ukhuseleko kunye nomgangatho. Imixholo ethile yile ilandelayo:
(1) Indawo yofakelo kunye nokuqhelaniswa nevalve yokulawula:
1. Ngokwemizobo yokuyila kunye namaxwebhu oyilo, indawo yokufakela kufuneka ibe nesithuba sokusebenza esaneleyo sofakelo, ukusebenza kunye nokugcinwa; Indawo kufuneka ithintele ukufakwa kwi-vibration, ukufuma, ukonakala lula kumatshini, ukuphazamiseka okunamandla kombane, ubushushu obuphezulu, utshintsho lobushushu kunye neendawo zerhasi ezonakalisayo; Ukufakela kufuneka kuqine kwaye kube lula; Isikhundla sokufakela kufuneka senze i-actuator yevalve yokulawula kwindawo ephezulu yendlela yokulawula, ebonisa izikhundla ezahlukeneyo zokufakela i-valve yokulawula ukubetha ngokuthe ngqo. Apho, indawo ekhethiweyo.
2. Icala lokuqukuqela kolwelo olukwivalvu yokulawula indlela yokuhamba kolwelo kwivalve yolawulo kufuneka luhambelane notolo oluphawulwe kumzimba wevalvu yevalve yolawulo. Iimeko ezikhethekileyo azinakuthintelwa ngala malungiselelo.
I-3, i-valve yokulawula i-valve yokudibanisa i-valve idibanisa intambo, uxhumano lwe-flange kunye ne-welding connection. Uqhagamshelo olunemisonto lusetyenziselwa iivalvu ezincinci zolawulo. Xa ufaka iivalve zokulawula uxhulumaniso olunemisonto, izihlanganisi ezisuswayo kufuneka zifakwe ngexesha elinye. Uxhulumaniso lwe-Flange luneentlobo ezimbini zokudibanisa i-flange kunye nokudibanisa i-clamping, i-diameter ye-nominal ye-flange yokudibanisa kufuneka ihambelane nobubanzi bevalve yokulawula. Iiflange nazo zinemigangatho eyahlukeneyo yoxinzelelo, inqanaba loxinzelelo lweflange kufuneka lihambelane nenqanaba loxinzelelo lwevalve yokulawula. Ububanzi bangaphakathi be-flange buya kulingana nobubanzi obungaphakathi bombhobho. Ukutenxa okuvumelekileyo kwe-perpendicularity phakathi komphezulu we-flange kunye ne-axis yombhobho. Umphezulu wokutywina weflange kufuneka ugungxulwe. Xa udibanisa i-flange, amandla kufuneka afane kwaye afaneleke ukuphepha ukunyanzeliswa okukhulu kwinqanaba. Kulumkele ukudityaniswa kwe-welding kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Xa udibaniso lwe-welding, iziqhagamshelo ezinokususwa ezinokususwa kufuneka zifakwe. Xa i-valve yokulawula ixhunyiwe, inxalenye yangaphakathi yombhobho wokudibanisa akufanele iholele kwi-protrusion entsha. Ngokomzekelo, i-gaskets yokutywina, i-welding joints, njl.njl ayifanele iphumele kumbhobho.
I-4, i-valve yokulawula kunye nephezulu, i-valve ye-cut-off cut-off, i-valve yokudibanisa i-valve yokudibanisa, i-valve ye-downstream cut-off kunye ne-valve ye-bypass kufuneka ifakwe ngexesha elifanayo kunye ne-valve yokulawula. Ubude becandelo lombhobho phakathi kwee-valve ezinqamlekileyo eziphezulu kunye nezantsi kunye neevalve zokulawula kufuneka ziqwalasele ukuchasana kwemibhobho kunye nefuthe kwimeko yokuhamba kwamanzi. Ubude becandelo lombhobho othe ngqo lude, olukhokelela ekuzinzeni kwamanzi emva kwe-valve yokunqunyulwa kwe-valve, inokwenza i-fluid flow flow igxininise, inciphise impembelelo ye-turbulent flow, ukunciphisa ingxolo; Ubude becandelo lombhobho othe tye bufutshane, kwaye ulwelo lungena kwivalve yolawulo ngaphambi kokuba luzinze emva kokuba ivalve enqunyulwe, eyandisa ingxolo, kodwa ubude obufutshane becandelo lombhobho buluncedo ekunciphiseni ukuxhathisa kombhobho, ukuphucula ukuhla koxinzelelo. kuzo zombini iziphelo zevalve yokulawula, ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kweempawu zokuhamba, kwaye kuhambelana nokusebenza okuzinzile kwenkqubo yokulawula. Ke ngoko, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe kwaye kuqwalaselwe ngokubanzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, icala elinyukayo kufuneka libe necandelo lombhobho othe tye we-10D ukuya kwi-20D, kwaye icala elisezantsi kufuneka libe necandelo lombhobho othe ngqo we-3D ukuya kwi-7D. I-D yi-diameter yegama lombhobho, kwaye isixhobo sokulungisa kufuneka simiselwe ukuba kuyimfuneko.
(2) ukhetho lweskimu soqhagamshelwano
1. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokudibanisa i-valve yokulawula kunye ne-valve ephezulu kunye ne-downstream cut-off, kunye nezicwangciso ezininzi zokudibanisa eziqhelekileyo. Kumzobo, isakhiwo seskimu A sihlangene, sithatha i-footprint encinci, kulula ukuyigcina nokusebenza, kwaye inkqubo kulula ukuyikhupha okanye ukuyikhupha. Kodwa kaninzi ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana nobude bombhobho othe tye ngokwaneleyo, okukhokelela ekwandiseni ingxolo. Isakhiwo sesikimu B sigubungela indawo enkulu, kwaye i-valve yokulawula inokufakwa kwindawo ephantsi okanye ephezulu, ekulula ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusebenza, kodwa ubude becandelo lombhobho ochanekileyo akulula ukuqinisekisa. Isakhiwo sesikimu C sifanelekile kwiivalve zokulawula i-angular, ezinokunciphisa inani lee-elbows kwaye zihlale kwindawo encinci. Kumkhombandlela wokuhamba we-inlet kunye ne-outlet esezantsi, kunokubakho umbhobho omde othe tye. Isakhiwo sePlani D siyafana neSicwangciso B kwaye sithatha indawo enkulu. Isakhiwo sesikimu E sifanelekile kwiivalve ze-angular. Xa kuthelekiswa nesikimu C, ubude becandelo lombhobho elithe tye kwicala elinyukayo lifutshane, elingabangeli ukuzinza kwamanzi. Ubume bescheme F sisakhiwo sokudibanisa esiqhelekileyo. Inomzila omkhulu, ukuxhathisa okuncinci kwemibhobho, kodwa indawo encinci yokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa.
2. Ukudibanisa i-valve yokukhupha, i-valve yokukhupha kunye ne-valve yokukhupha, ukwenzela ukuba kube lula ukuchithwa kwe-valve yokulawula, uxinzelelo ngaphambi nangemva kokuba i-valve kufuneka ikhutshwe ngaphambi kokuba i-disassembly, kwaye i-valve yokukhupha kufuneka ifakwe phakathi kwe-valve yokulawula. kunye neevalvu ezisikiweyo eziphezulu nezisezantsi.
3. Ivalve yokukhupha umoya kunye nevalve yokuhambisa amanzi isetyenziselwa ukukhupha igesi engagxiliyo kunye ne-condensate efakwe kulwelo. Xa i-fluid elawulwayo iyigesi okanye i-steam ngexesha lofakelo, i-valve ye-blowdown kufuneka ifakwe kwindawo engezantsi ye-valve yokulawula isethi ukuququzelela ukukhutshwa kwe-condensate. Xa i-fluid elawulwayo i-liquid, ukwenzela ukuba kube lula ukukhupha i-gas non-condensing, i-valve yokukhupha kufuneka ifakwe kwindawo ephakamileyo yeqela le-valve yokulawula.
4. Ivalve yokudlula. Xa i-valve yokulawula isuswe ukulungiswa, i-valve ye-bypass ingasetyenziselwa ukusebenza inkqubo yokuvelisa. Xa kuhlawuliswa itrafikhi egqithisileyo. Xa i-valve yokulawula ingenakuhlengahlengiswa ngokuqhelekileyo, njengomlinganiselo ongxamisekileyo, i-valve ye-bypass ingasetyenziselwa njengesicwangciso sokudibanisa esihambelanayo sokulawula inkqubo. Ukunciphisa iindleko, iivalvu ezinkulu zokulawula i-caliber zixhotyiswe ngee-actuator ze-handwheel ezinokusebenza endaweni ye-bypass valves. Ukufakwa kwe-valve ye-bypass kufuneka kube lula ukusebenza, yona kunye ne-valve yokulawula, i-valve ye-downstream cut-off kunye neqela le-valve yokulawula, ngoko ke, ukufakela kufuneka kuhambelane nabo, kwaye kuzalise ukufakwa kolwakhiwo ngexesha elifanayo. I-diameter yegama le-valve ye-bypass ifana ne-diameter yegama lombhobho, kwaye iklasi yoxinzelelo iyahambelana neklasi yoxinzelelo lwenkqubo.
5. Ufakelo lwe-actuator luhlala ludityaniswe ngokuthe ngqo kunye nomzimba wevalve yevalve yokulawula, kodwa xa i-actuator ye-hydraulic, i-activator ye-stroke ende kunye nezinye ii-actuators zahlulwe kumzimba wevalve yevalve yokulawula, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ingqalelo ukufakela. ye actuator. Intonga yokudibanisa kunye neendawo ezihambayo zomatshini ze-actuator kufuneka ziguquguquke ngaphandle kokukhulula okanye ukumbamba. Ubude bentonga yokudibanisa kufuneka buzinzile, buguquguquke kwaye buthembeke kuluhlu olupheleleyo lwe-stroke. Xa uqhagamshelwe kumzimba wevalve yolawulo kunye nokufuduswa kwe-thermal kwimibhobho yenkqubo, qinisekisa ukuba indawo ehambelanayo phakathi kwe-actuator kunye nomzimba wevalve yokulawula ihlala ingatshintshi. I-actuator ye-handwheel ineendidi ezimbini zokunyuswa kwecala kunye nokunyuka okuphezulu, kwaye indawo yokusebenza kufuneka ishiywe xa ufaka. Ukusebenza kwevili lesandla kufuneka kube bhetyebhetye, kungabikho ukuxinga okanye ukungqubeka. Ubudlelwane phakathi kwendlela ejikelezayo yesondo lesandla kunye nokuvulwa kwevalvu kufuneka imakishwe. Isixhobo sokunciphisa kufuneka sihlengahlengiswe ngokufanelekileyo ukuze sidlale indima yokukhusela. I-actuator ye-hydraulic kufuneka ifakwe ngaphantsi komlawuli, ukuba kufuneka ibe phezulu kunomlawuli, umehluko wokuphakama akufanele udlule i-1.0m, kwaye i-valve yokukhupha kufuneka ifakwe kwindawo yokuqokelela umoya wepayipi, kunye ne-valve yokukhangela okanye ukusika ngokuzenzekelayo. -off valve kufuneka ifakwe kufuphi nomlawuli.
I-6, i-valve ye-valve yokufakela i-valve yendawo yokukhangela i-valve isixhobo sokubona indawo kunye ne-valve yokulawula i-valve okanye i-valve shaft iqhagamshele ngokuthe ngqo, ngoko ke, ukufakela kufuneka kuqinisekise ukuba umqondiso wengxelo ungachaneka, ubonise ngexesha elifanelekileyo umqondiso wendawo yevalve kunye notshintsho. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-valve positioner inikezelwa kunye nevalve yokulawula, kwaye umenzi ugqiba ukudibanisa phakathi kwezi zibini. Xa ulawulo lwenkqubo yokuvelisa kufuneka ukongeza i-valve positioner, kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba isixhobo sokubona indawo yevalve yevalve sichanekile, sithembekile kwaye siyabhetyebhetye. Ukukhutshwa koomatshini be-fulcrum ye-feedback rod kufuneka ibencinci kangangoko. UMGCA WESIGCAWU WESIPHOSI VEVA UYA KUQHAGAMSHELWA NGOKUFANELEKILEYO, KWAYE UMNGCA woMTHOMBO WOMOYA NOMUGQA WOKUPHUMA NOMGCA WOKUFUNDAYO uya kumakishwa ngeepleyiti zamagama. Isiphawuli sendawo yevalve yesibonisi sevalvu kufuneka silungele ukusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kwabasebenzi ukujongwa.
7. Ukufakwa kwezinye izesekeli, kubandakanywa i-valve position sensor, i-valve ye-solenoid, i-limited switch, i-actuator, i-converter yombane, njl., kufuneka ifakwe ngokuhambelana nemimiselo echaphazelekayo yencwadana yemveliso. Ivalve yokulawula ukuqukuqela encinci kufuneka ifakwe kwisihluzo esinyukayo. Xa isiphithiphithi sinzima, isixhobo sokulungisa kufuneka sifakwe kwicala elingasentla.
8. Ukufakwa kwemibhobho yokudibanisa Ukufakwa kwemibhobho yokudibanisa kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo kule mibandela ilandelayo.
1) Umbhobho womqondiso kunye nombhobho womthombo womoya ngokubanzi wamkela intambo yombhobho wobhedu ogqunywe ngePVC, ububanzi bombhobho yi-sL6Xl okanye i-g18Xl
2) Umbhobho womthombo womoya kufuneka ube kufutshane nevalve yokulawula.
3) Umbhobho wesignali kunye nombhobho we-hydraulic kufuneka ube mfutshane kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa ukulibaziseka komqondiso kunye nexesha lenkqubo rhoqo.
4) Umbhobho kufuneka ube nokwandiswa okwaneleyo kunye nokuphindaphinda, kwaye akufanele kuthintele ukusebenza kwe-actuator.
I-5) I-slag ye-welding ayiyi kufakwa kumbhobho ngexesha le-welding yepayipi. Imigca yokudibanisa kufuneka icocwe ngaphambi kokufaka ukususa ukungcola okufana neoli, amanzi kunye nomhlwa. Imibhobho yokudibanisa imibhobho kufuneka icoceke kwaye ibe ntle.