UMichael Menna, DO, yibhodi eqinisekisiweyo esebenzayo ukuya kugqirha ongxamisekileyo kwisibhedlele iWhite Plains eWhite Plains, eNew York.
Inaliti yebhabhathane sisixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukutsala igazi kwi-vein okanye ukubonelela ngonyango lwe-intravenous (IV) kumthambo. Inaliti yebhabhathane ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-infusion eneempiko iseti okanye isixhobo se-scalp venous. Iqukethe inaliti encinci kakhulu ye-hypodermic, "amaphiko" amabini aguquguqukayo, ityhubhu ecacileyo eguquguqukayo kunye nekhonkco. Isinxibelelanisi sinokuqhagamshelwa kwityhubhu yokufunxa okanye ingxowa yokuqokelela ukutsala igazi, okanye kwimpompo yokugalela okanye kwityhubhu yengxowa yokufakwa emthanjeni ukuhambisa ulwelo okanye iziyobisi. Iyeza linokuthi lihanjiswe ngokuthe ngqo kwikhonkco ngesirinji.
Iinaliti zebhabhathane zineengenelo ezithile kwiinaliti ezithe ngqo. Ngokomzekelo, bavumela ukubekwa okuchanekileyo ngakumbi, ngakumbi kwimithanjeni ekunzima ukufikelela kuyo. Nangona kunjalo, ayilona khetho lufanelekileyo kuzo zonke iimeko.
Ekuboneni kokuqala, inaliti yebhabhathane ifana nenaliti yeHuber, kwaye inamaphiko. Nangona kunjalo, iinaliti ze-Huber zigotywe kwi-angle ye-90 ukuze zibe nokubekwa ngokukhuselekileyo kwi-port ye-chemotherapy emiliselweyo.
Oogqirha be-Phlebotomy bahlala besebenzisa iinaliti zebhabhathane ukufumana iisampulu zegazi kubalo olupheleleyo lwegazi (CBC), uvavanyo lwe-cholesterol, ukujonga isifo seswekile, ukuhlolwa kwe-STD, kunye nolunye uvavanyo olusekwe egazini. Ezi naliti zikwasetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiindawo zokugcina igazi kubantu abafuna ukunikela ngegazi.
Ukuba uphelelwe ngamanzi kwaye awukwazi ukusela okanye ukusela amanzi aneleyo ukwenza ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi, iinaliti zebhabhathane nazo zingasetyenziselwa ukuhambisa ulwelo olufakwe emithanjeni. Zisenokusetyenziswa ukuhambisa iziyobisi (ezifana nezidambisa iintlungu) ngokuthe ngqo emithanjeni okanye ngokuthe ngcembe zitofe unyango lwe-IV (njenge-chemotherapy okanye i-antibiotics) emithanjeni.
Nangona iinaliti ze-butterfly zihlala kwi-vein iintsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-7 ukuba zikhuselekile ngokufanelekileyo, zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-infusions yexesha elifutshane.
Ukufakwa rhoqo okanye okuqhubekayo ngokuqhelekileyo kufikeleleka kwi-vein enkulu ngomgca ophakathi okanye umgca we-catheter ephakathi (PICC) efakwe kwi-peripherally.
Nangona zonke iinaliti zebhabhathane ziyafana kuyilo, zisahluka. Iinaliti zebhabhathane zilinganiswa ngokweeyunithi zenkcazo, ngokuqhelekileyo ziqala ngobukhulu ukusuka kwi-18 ukuya kwi-27. Iphezulu inkcazo, incinci inaliti.
Umzekelo, inaliti ye-27-gauge yeyona isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiinaliti ze-insulin. Ukuba ulwelo olutofwayo lujiyile okanye igazi liqokelelwa ukuze litofelwe igazi, sebenzisa inaliti encinci yegeyiji. Iinaliti ezininzi zebhabhathane azidluli kwiikota ezintathu zee-intshi (19 mm).
Isixhobo se-IV okanye isitya sokuqokelela siqhagamshelwe kwi-tubing exhunywe kwinaliti, kungekhona kwinaliti. Oku kuluncedo kuba ukuba ukhutshiwe okanye uwisiwe, ithuba lokulimala liyancipha.
Ubungakanani bombhobho buvela kwi-8 intshi ukuya kwi-15 intshi (20 ukuya kwi-35 cm). Umbhobho omfutshane usetyenziselwa ukutsala igazi. Amaxesha amade asetyenziswa kwizicelo ze-IV kwaye anokuba neevalvu ezijikelezayo ukulungisa ukuhamba. Iityhubhu zinokuthi zibe nombala ukwenzela ukuba umongikazi akwazi ukwahlula ukuba yeyiphi imigca esetyenziswayo xa kusetyenziswa imigca emininzi.
Ezinye izixhumi ze-butterfly pin zine-port "eyindoda" eyakhelwe ngaphakathi enokuthi ifakwe kwi-vacuum tube. Ezinye iziqhagamshelo zineembombo “zabafazi” apho iisirinji okanye iityhubhu zinokufakwa.
Ngexesha le-venipuncture (inaliti ifakwe kwi-vein), i-phlebotomist okanye umongikazi uya kubamba inaliti yebhabhathane ngamaphiko phakathi kwesithupha kunye nesalathisi. Ngenxa yokuba inaliti ye-hypodermic imfutshane kwaye umgama wokubamba umfutshane, ukubekwa kwenaliti yebhabhathane ichaneke ngakumbi kunenaliti ethe tye, kwaye inaliti ethe tye iya kuhlala iqengqeleka okanye ijinga emnweni.
Faka inaliti emfutshane, ebhityileyo kwi-vein nge-engile encinci. Emva kokufakwa, uxinzelelo lwe-venous luya kunyanzela inani elincinci legazi kwi-tube ebonakalayo, eqinisekisa ukuba inaliti ibekwe ngokuchanekileyo. Emva kokuba inaliti isendaweni, amaphiko angasetyenziselwa ukuzinzisa inaliti kwaye ayithintele ukuba ingaqengqeleki okanye ihambe.
Xa sele isetyenzisiwe (ukutsala igazi okanye ukuhambisa amayeza), isixhobo sonke siya kulahlwa kwisikhongozeli sokulahla izinto ezibukhali. Emva koko ubophe inxeba lokuhlatywa ngebhandeji.
Ngenxa yobukhulu bazo obuncinci (buncinci kakhulu kune-catheter ye-intravenous) kunye noyilo lwe-angle enzulu, iinaliti zebhabhathane zinokungena kwimithambo engaphezulu kufutshane nomphezulu wolusu. Oku akukwenzi nje ukuba kungabi buhlungu kakhulu ukusebenzisa, kodwa kwakhona kubavumela ukuba bangene emithanjeni emincinci okanye encinci, njengeentsana okanye abantu abadala.
Iinaliti ze-Butterfly zifaneleke kakhulu kubantu abaneemithanjeni ezincinci okanye i-cramping (i-rolling), kwaye inokuthi ifakwe kwi-veins emihle yezandla, iinyawo, izithende okanye i-scalp.
Iinaliti ze-Butterfly zifaneleke kakhulu abo bathandabuzayo kwiinaliti, kuba zincinci zisongela.
Emva kokuba iinaliti zisusiwe, azinakwenzeka ukuba zenze ukopha okukhulu, ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo, okanye ukuwa komthambo.
Imifuziselo emitsha inesingxobo sokutshixa esithi ngokuzenzekelayo sityibilike phezu kwenaliti xa irhoxiwe kumthambo, ikhusela ukwenzakala kwinaliti kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe iinaliti ezisetyenzisiweyo.
Ukuba uxelelwe ukuba imithambo yakho mincinane yaye ubunengxaki yokutsala igazi kwixesha elidlulileyo, usenokucinga ngokucela inaliti yebhabhathane.
Ngenxa yobukhulu obuncinci benaliti, isantya sokuqokelela igazi sihlala sicotha. Ukuba umntu uyancwina okanye ukwimeko engxamisekileyo efuna igazi elikhawulezayo, oku kunokubangela iingxaki kwindawo yokugcina igazi. Kule meko, ukhetho lobungakanani benaliti lungundoqo.
Nangona utsalo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo, ukuba inani elikhulu legazi liyafuneka, ubungakanani benaliti engafanelekanga bunokubangela ukuvaleka kwaye kufuna ukutsalwa kwegazi okwesibini.
Ekubeni inaliti esetyenziselwa ukunyuswa ishiywe engalweni, kungekhona i-catheter okanye ucingo lwe-PICC, inaliti yebhabhathane inokonakalisa umthambo ukuba isixhobo sitsalwa ngokukhawuleza. Nangona inaliti yobukhulu obuchanekileyo isetyenzisiweyo, ukuba ayibekwanga ngokuchanekileyo, inaliti inokuvalwa ngexesha lonyango.
Bhalisela incwadana yethu yeeNgcebiso zeMpilo yosuku ukufumana iingcebiso zemihla ngemihla ukukunceda uphile obona bomi busempilweni.
Ubuchwephesha beVenipuncture. Ku: Zolile. Uhlelo lwesi-6. 2018:308-318. doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-40053-4.00024-x
I-Ohnishi H, i-Watanabe M, i-Watanabe T. Inaliti ye-Butterfly iyanciphisa izehlo zokulimala kwe-nerve ngexesha le-phlebotomy. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2012;136(4):352. doi:10.5858/arpa.2011-0431-LE
Ialongo, C. kunye noBernardini, S. Phlebotomy, ibhulorho phakathi kwelabhoratri kunye nesigulane. I-Biochem Med (Zagreb). 2016 ngoFebruwari 15; 26(1):17-33. I-DOI: 10.11613/BM.2016.002.
UVolovitz, A.; Beaure, P.; Essex, D., njl. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-catheters ye-intravenous, ukusetyenziswa kweenaliti ze-butterfly ukutsala igazi ngokuzimeleyo kuhambelana nokunciphisa okukhulu kwi-hemolysis. INtlanganiso yoNyaka yeAkhademi yezoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo lwezeMfundo; eAtlanta, eGeorgia, eUnited States; May 2013. DOI: 10.1111/acem.12245.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-10-2021
