Mhangura nemhangura alloy forgings yemidziyo yevharuvhu
Huwandu hwemisanganiswa yezvigadzirwa zvechimiro chakafanana, chemhando imwe chete kana yeimwe alloy uye zvinhu zvenyama uye yehukobvu hwakafanana kana chikamu chinoshandiswa pakuongorora (kuyedza). Kuzivikanwa kwechigadzirwa kunopa hurongwa hwekupa mazita, kuburikidza neiyo tsananguro yechigadzirwa inogona kuendeswa nekukurumidza uye zvakajeka, kuitira kuti zvigadzirwa zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvechiyero cheEuropean chikero zvinonzwisisika padanho repasirese. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akakosha, kana bato rekuraira richida kuyedzwa kwekuita basa, rinofanirwa kunge riri pakubvunza uye kurongeka kwesimba diki rekusimba, 0. 2% goho simba…
range
Ichi chiyero chinotsanangura kuumbwa, basa rinodiwa uye dimensional uye contour kushivirira kwemhangura nemhangura alloy kufa uye yemahara forgings. Sampling maitiro, nzira dzekuyedza uye mamiriro ekutumira anotsanangurwa kuti aone kutevedza chiyero ichi.
Normative reference document
Mazwi ari mumagwaro anotevera anova mazwi echikero ichi nekutarisa pachiyero ichi. Kune zvinyorwa zvemazuva, zvigadziriso zvese zvinotevera (kunze kwekukanganisa) kana kudzokorora hazvishande kuDhipatimendi. Nekudaro, mapato akabvumirana pasi pemaitiro aya anokurudzirwa kuongorora kuwanikwa kweshanduro dzakadaro. Chero faira rereferenzi risina kunyorwa rine vhezheni yakakodzera pachiyero ichi.
Metal Brinell kuomarara bvunzo - Chikamu 1: Nzira dzekuedza (GB/T 231.1-2002, eqv ISO 6506-1; 1999).
GB/T 1182 General kushivirira, tsananguro, zviratidzo uye kudhirowa kwechitarisiko uye chinzvimbo (GB/T 1182-1996,eqv ISO 1101:1996)
Metallic Vickers Kuoma bvunzo - Chikamu 1: Nzira dzekuedza (GB/T 4340.1 -1999, eqv ISO 6507-1; 1997).
GB/T 10119 ndarira - Kutsunga kuramba deszincing (GB/T 10119-1988,eqv ISO 6509:1981)
EN 1655 Tsanangudzo yekuenderana kwemhangura nemhangura alloys
TS EN 1976 Copper nemhangura alloys - mbishi mhangura castings
TS EN 10002-1 Tensile bvunzo dzesimbi zvinhu - Chikamu 1: Nzira dzekuyedza (pakudziya kwakadzikama)
EN 10204 Mhando dzezvinyorwa zvekuongorora zvigadzirwa zvesimbi
TS EN ISO 196 Sarudzo yekusarira kushushikana mumhangura uye mhangura alloys yakagadziriswa - Mercury (1) nitrate bvunzo (ISO196:1978)
TS EN ISO 1811-2 Kusarudzwa uye kugadzirira kwemasamples ekuongorora kemikari yemhangura nemhangura alloys - Chikamu z: Sampling yezvigadzirwa zvakakandwa uye castings - TS EN ISO 6957 Copper alloys - ammonia bvunzo dzekuramba kukukurwa.
Cherechedzo: Manongedzo akapihwa pachikero ichi neaya ataurwa pazvinenge akakodzera mushanduro ino akanyorwa mubhaibheri paAppendikisi A.
tsanangudzo
Tsanangudzo dzinotevera dzinoshanda pachikero ichi.
forging
Kupisa kugadzira chigadzirwa nesando kana kudzvanya.
Kufa kuhura
Chigadzirwa chakakandwa muvhu rakavharwa.
Free forging
Chigadzirwa chakakandwa muvhu rakavhurika.
Hollow forging
Chigadzirwa chakakandwa mufivha yakavharwa ine pellets.
Inspection yakawanda
Huwandu hwemisanganiswa yezvigadzirwa zvechimiro chakafanana, chemhando imwe chete kana yeimwe alloy uye zvinhu zvenyama uye yehukobvu hwakafanana kana chikamu chinoshandiswa pakuongorora (kuyedza).
identification
zvinhu
General musimboti
Zvishandiso zvinopihwa mazita nezviratidzo kana macode (ona Tafura 1 kusvika Tafura 8).
chiratidzo
Mazita ezviratidzo zvezvinhu zvinoenderana neiyo system yakapihwa muISO 1190-1.
Ongorora: Nepo chiratidzo chechinhu chiri pachiyero ichi chingave chakafanana nezvimwe zviyero uchishandisa ISO 1190-1 zita rezita, izvo zvinodikanwa zvekuumbwa hazvifanire kufanana.
Zita rekodhi
Iyo kodhi yezvinhu inodaidzwa zvinoenderana nehurongwa mu EN1412.
Material state
Mazita anotevera emasisitimu mu EN1173 anoshandiswa sezvimiro zvezvinhu zvechiyero ichi:
M Mamiriro ezvinhu echigadzirwa chisingakwanisi kugadzirwa;
H delimit zvigadzirwa zvine kuomarara zvinodiwa uye zita mamiriro ezvinhu zvinoenderana nediki kuomarara zvinodiwa;
S(suffix) inoreva mamiriro ezvinhu echigadzirwa chinobvisa kushushikana.
Cherechedzo 1: Zvigadzirwa zvine chimiro cheH zvinogona kuverengerwa seVickers kana Brinell kuomarara, uye kudomwa kwechimiro cheH kwakafanana nenzira yekuyedza kune ese kuoma.
Cherechedzo 2: Kuti uderedze kushushikana kwasara, gadzirisa kuramba kwechigadzirwa pakukukurwa nekushushikana uye kugadzirisa kugadzikana kwayo mushure mekugadzirwa, zvigadzirwa zviri muM kana H state zvinogona kurapwa zvakanyanya (semuenzaniso kubvisa mechanical kana thermal stress) [ona chinyorwa 5 g. ), Chisungo 5 h) uye 8.4)]
Imwechete yezviziviso zviri pamusoro ndiyo inoshandiswa kudoma mamiriro ezvinhu, kunze kwekunge pakashandiswa chivakashure S.
chigadzirwa
Kuzivikanwa kwechigadzirwa kunopa hurongwa hwekupa mazita, kuburikidza neiyo tsananguro yechigadzirwa inogona kuendeswa nekukurumidza uye zvakajeka, kuitira kuti zvigadzirwa zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvechiyero cheEuropean chikero zvinonzwisisika padanho repasirese.
Kuzivikanwa kwechigadzirwa hakugone kutsiva zvese zviri mukati mechiyero.
Kuzivikanwa kwechigadzirwa kunobatanidzwa muchiyero ichi kuchave nezvinotevera zvirimo:
-Zita (mafosho);
- Scale nhamba (GB/T 20078-2006);
-Kuzivikanwa kwezvinhu, kusanganisira zviratidzo kana makodhi (ona Tafura 1 uye Tafura 8);
-Kuzivikanwa mamiriro ezvinhu (ona Tafura 10-12)
Kuzivikanwa kwechigadzirwa kunogadzirwa sezvakaratidzwa pasi apa.
Muenzaniso: Mafungiro anoenderana nekero iyi, ane chiziviso cheCuZn39Pb3 kana CW614N mamiriro ezvinhu H080, achazivikanwa seizvi:
Odha ruzivo
Kuti zvive nyore kubvunzurudza, nzira yekuraira inofanira kusimbiswa pakati pebato rekuraira uye mutengesi. Bato rekuraira rinofanirwa kutaura mukubvunza uye kurongedza kuti zvinotevera zvinongedzo zvinofanirwa kuenderana nezvinhu zvinoenderana zvakapihwa muTafura 1 ~ Tafura 8.
Ongorora: Nekuti izvo zvinhu zvinotsanangurwa muchiyero ichi zvinosiyana zvakanyanya mukupokana kwe deformation, kukanda tembiricha, uye kushushikana kunoumbwa mukufa, zvakakamurwa kuita mapoka matatu ayo ese ane akafanana ekushanda ekupisa. Pamusoro pezvo, mapoka akakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri kuratidza kuwanikwa kwawo. Zvishandiso zvechikamu A kazhinji zvaive nekuwanikwa kwepamusoro pane zvemuChikamu B (ona Tafura 9).
Mechanical basa
kuoma
Basa rekuomarara rinosangana nezvinodiwa muTable 10-12.
Anoodha anofanira kutaura kuti ndeipi nzira yekuyedza ichashandiswa. Iwo maedzo anozoitwa zvinoenderana nenzira dzakakodzera dzinotsanangurwa muChikamu 8.2.
Kune mafogi akagadzirwa neClass's zvinhu, iyo yakaoma basa ichave iri pasi pechibvumirano chebato rekuraira uye mutengesi.
Tensile basa
Iyo inodiwa tensile basa haina kutsanangurwa muchiyero ichi. Ma values * ari mumabhuraketi ari muTable 10 to Table 12 ndeekureva.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu akakosha, kana bato rekuraira richida kuyedza basa rekumanikidza, rinofanira kunge riri diki diki simba, 0. 2% goho simba panguva yekubvunza uye kurongeka.
Uye kureba, nzvimbo yemuenzaniso uye saizi, uye reshiyo yemuenzaniso (ona art. 5 k)}. Muchiitiko ichi, kukosha kwekuoma * kwakanyorwa muTables 10 kusvika ku12 ndeyekutarisa.
Forgings of copper and copper alloy for valve materials (ii) kushandisa Kirasi A zvinhu zvakanyorwa muTable 13 zvichaenderana nemagetsi emagetsi anotsanangurwa muTebhurari 13. Nezvekugadzira zvinoshandisa Class B zvinhu zvakanyorwa muTable 9, kana simba remotokari richidiwa, iyo inofanirwa kubvumirana pakati pebato rekuraira uye bato revatengesi. Mukugadzira, ichi chigadzirwa chealloy chinogona kupiswa mumhando ye470 ℃ ~ -550 ℃. Kana mushandisi achida kupisa izvo zvinodarika 530 ℃, mutengesi anofanirwa kubvunzurudzwa kuti awane mazano. Dimensional tolerances uye contour tolerances ichatevera kushivirira kunotsanangurwa muchiyero ichi. Kana kushivirira kusina kuratidzwa mumufananidzo, kukosha kwekushivirira kunopiwa muchiyero ichi kunoshandiswa.
Kubatanidza: Copper nemhangura alloy forgings yemidziyo yevharuvhu (I)
Mumamiriro ezvinhu akakosha, kana bato rekuraira richida kuyedza basa rekumanikidza, rinofanira kunge riri diki diki simba, 0. 2% goho simba panguva yekubvunza uye kurongeka.
Uye kureba, sampling chinzvimbo uye saizi yemuenzaniso, uye sampling reshiyo (ona art. 5 k). Muchiitiko ichi, kukosha kwekuoma * kwakanyorwa muTables 10 kusvika ku12 ndeyekutarisa.
Motor simba
Forgings yakagadzirwa kubva kuClass A zvinhu zvakanyorwa muTable 13 ichaenderana nemagetsi emagetsi anotsanangurwa muTebhura 13. Nezvekunyepedzera zvakagadzirwa kubva kuClass B zvinhu zvakanyorwa muTebhu 9, kana simba remota richidikanwa, zvinofanirwa kubvumirana pakati pebato rekuraira uye mutengesi.
Desincing resistance
- ZveKirasi A zvinhu: yakakura 200μm;
- Zvemidziyo yeKirasi B: zvakafanana zvisingapfuure 200μm uye zvakati kurei ne400μm [(ona Chikamu S i)]
Muedzo uchaitwa zvinoenderana neChinyorwa 8.5.
Ongorora: Mukugadzira, ichi chigadzirwa chealloy chinogona kugadziriswa mumhando ye470 ℃~-550 ℃. Kana mushandisi achida kupisa zvinhu zviri pamusoro pe530 ℃, mutengesi anofanirwa kubvunzurudzwa kuti awane mazano.
Residual stress
Forgings dzakaodha nzvimbo dzisina kunetsekana (ona Cherechedzo 2 mu4.2) haizoratidze makwara panguva yekuedzwa. Maedzo acho achaitwa zvinoenderana ne8. 6.
Kufa uchiitira kushivirira
General musimboti
Kushivirira kunotsanangurwa kunoshanda kune zvese zveKirasi A neKirasi B zvakanyorwa muTebhura 9. Yakanyorwa padhirowa yefogi.
Dimensional tolerances uye contour tolerances ichatevera kushivirira kunotsanangurwa muchiyero ichi. Kana kushivirira kusina kuratidzwa mumufananidzo, kukosha kwekushivirira kunopiwa muchiyero ichi kunoshandiswa.
Cherechedza 1; Zvinokurudzirwa kuti zvirevo zvechiyero ichi zviratidzwe padhayagiramu
Kune marudzi maviri akasiyana ezviyero zvekusiyanisa kune kufa forging
a) Zviyero zviri mugomba rekufa zvakamisikidzwa mune yakakwana module zvinoenderana nechimiro chekugadzira, uye usafambe kune mumwe nemumwe, ona saizi n muFigure 1.
Cherechedzo 2: Aya mamodule anoumbwa neamwechete uye akasiyana zvikamu kana akati wandei zvikamu zvisingafambi kune mumwe nemumwe.
b) Kukura kweiyo yakawandisa mutsara wekufa inotorwa kubva kune maviri kana anopfuura anofa achifamba achipesana, ona saizi t mumufananidzo 2.
Cherechedzo 3: Mufananidzo 3 unoratidza kufa kwekugadzira kunogadzirwa uchishandisa molds inoratidzwa muFigure 1 uye Figure 2.
Zvibvumirano zvekugadzira zvinokurudzirwa nezvimwe zvinhu zvinoratidzwa muB.3.10 uye Tafura B.6
Nguva yekutumira: Feb-08-2023
