Copper thiab tooj liab alloy forgings ntawm cov khoom siv valve

Copper thiab tooj liab alloy forgings ntawm cov khoom siv valve

Ib tug xov tooj ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom ntawm tib lub cev, ntawm tib hom los yog tib lub alloy thiab cov khoom siv lub xeev thiab ntawm tib thickness los yog seem siv rau kev soj ntsuam (kuaj). Kev txheeb xyuas cov khoom lag luam muab cov txheej txheem naming-down, los ntawm cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem xa tawm sai thiab meej, yog li cov khoom lag luam uas ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm European nplai tuaj yeem nkag siab qhov sib txawv ntawm thoob ntiaj teb. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb, yog hais tias tus neeg txiav txim yuav tsum tau kuaj lub tensile muaj nuj nqi, nws yuav tsum nyob rau ntawm qhov kev nug thiab kev txiav txim ntawm me me tensile zog, 0. 2% yield zog ...

ntau

Qhov ntsuas no txhais tau tias muaj pes tsawg leeg, kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua thiab qhov ntev thiab contour tolerances ntawm tooj liab thiab tooj liab alloy tuag thiab dawb forgings. Cov txheej txheem coj mus kuaj, cov txheej txheem xeem thiab cov xwm txheej xa khoom tau raug txiav txim siab los txheeb xyuas qhov ua tau raws li qhov ntsuas no.

Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj Normative

Cov nqe lus hauv cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no dhau los ua cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov ntsuas no los ntawm kev siv rau qhov ntsuas no. Rau cov ntawv sau hnub tim, tag nrho cov kev hloov kho tom ntej (tsis suav nrog qhov yuam kev) lossis kev hloov kho yuav tsis siv rau Lub Tsev Haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, ob tog pom zoo raws li cov qauv no raug txhawb kom tshawb nrhiav qhov muaj ntawm cov qauv no. Txhua yam ntaub ntawv siv tsis tau txheeb xyuas uas nws cov qauv tsim nyog rau qhov ntsuas no.

Hlau Brinell hardness tests - Ntu 1: Cov txheej txheem xeem (GB/T 231.1-2002, eqv ISO 6506-1; 1999).

GB / T 1182 Kev zam dav dav, kev txhais, cov cim thiab kos duab rau qhov pom thiab txoj haujlwm (GB/T 1182-1996, eqv ISO 1101: 1996)

Metallic Vickers Hardness tests - Ntu 1: Cov kev sim (GB/T 4340.1 -1999, eqv ISO 6507-1; 1997).

GB / T 10119 tooj dag - Kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev tiv thaiv rau deszincing (GB/T 10119-1988, eqv ISO 6509: 1981)

TS EN 1655 Kev qhia tshwj xeeb rau kev ua raws li tooj liab thiab tooj liab alloys

TS EN 1976 Copper thiab tooj liab alloys - raw tooj liab castings

TS EN 10002-1 Kev ntsuas Tensile rau cov khoom siv hlau - Ntu 1: Cov qauv ntsuas (ntawm qhov kub thiab txias)

TS EN 10204 Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj rau kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom siv hlau

TS EN ISO 196 Kev txiav txim siab ntawm qhov kev ntxhov siab nyob hauv cov khoom siv tooj liab thiab tooj liab - Mercury (1) nitrate test (ISO196: 1978)

TS EN ISO 1811-2 Kev xaiv thiab kev npaj cov qauv rau kev tshuaj xyuas tshuaj lom neeg ntawm tooj liab thiab tooj liab alloys - Ntu z: Kev kuaj cov khoom cam khwb cia thiab castings - ISO 6957 Copper alloys - ammonia kuaj rau kev tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab

Nco tseg: Cov ntaub ntawv xa mus rau qhov ntsuas no thiab cov uas tau hais txog qhov tsim nyog hauv tsab ntawv no tau teev nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg ntawm Cov Ntawv Ntxiv A

txhais

Cov lus txhais hauv qab no siv rau qhov ntsuas no.

forging

Kub tsim ib yam khoom los ntawm hammering los yog nias.

Tuag forging

Ib yam khoom pov rau hauv lub pwm kaw.

Dawb forging

Ib qho khoom pov rau hauv lub pwm qhib.

Hollow forging

Cov khoom cam khwb cia nyob rau hauv ib tug kaw tuag nrog pellets.

Kev tshuaj xyuas ntau

Ib tug xov tooj ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom ntawm tib lub cev, ntawm tib hom los yog tib lub alloy thiab cov khoom siv lub xeev thiab ntawm tib thickness los yog seem siv rau kev soj ntsuam (kuaj).

kev txheeb xyuas

khoom

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus

Cov ntaub ntawv muaj npe los ntawm cov cim lossis cov lej (saib Table 1 txog Table 8).

cim

Lub npe ntawm cov khoom cim yog raws li qhov system muab hauv ISO 1190-1.

Nco tseg: Txawm hais tias cov khoom siv cim npe hauv qhov ntsuas no yuav zoo ib yam li lwm cov nplai uas siv ISO 1190-1 naming system, cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum tsis yog tib yam.

Kod npe

Cov khoom siv code muaj npe raws li qhov system hauv EN1412.

Khoom siv lub xeev

Cov npe hauv qab no rau cov tshuab hauv EN1173 yog siv los ua cov khoom siv rau qhov ntsuas no:

M Cov khoom siv lub xeev ntawm cov khoom uas tsis muaj peev xwm ua tau;

H delimit cov khoom uas yuav tsum tau hardness thiab npe cov ntaub ntawv lub xeev raws li me me hardness yuav tsum tau;

S (suffix) yog hais txog cov khoom siv hauv lub xeev ntawm cov khoom siv kev ntxhov siab.

Lus Cim 1: Cov khoom lag luam nrog H raws li txoj cai tuaj yeem raug cais raws li Vickers lossis Brinell hardness, thiab qhov kev xaiv ntawm H raws li txoj kev sim rau ob qho tib si hardness.

Lus Cim 2: Txhawm rau txo qis kev ntxhov siab, txhim kho cov khoom tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab erosion thiab txhim kho nws qhov kev ruaj ntseg tom qab ua tiav, cov khoom hauv M lossis H lub xeev yuav raug kho tshwj xeeb (xws li tshem tawm txhua yam los yog thermal stress) [saib tsab xov xwm 5 g ), Tshooj 5 h) thiab 8.4)]

Tsuas yog ib qho ntawm cov cim saum toj no yog siv los sau lub xeev ntawm cov khoom siv, tshwj tsis yog thaum siv S suffix.

khoom

Kev txheeb xyuas cov khoom lag luam muab cov txheej txheem naming-down, los ntawm cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem xa tawm sai thiab meej, yog li cov khoom lag luam uas ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm European nplai tuaj yeem nkag siab qhov sib txawv ntawm thoob ntiaj teb.

Kev txheeb xyuas cov khoom tsis tuaj yeem hloov tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov ntsuas.

Kev txheeb xyuas cov khoom koom nrog hauv qhov ntsuas no yuav tsum muaj cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no:

- lub npe (cov ntaub ntawv);

- Tus lej ntsuas (GB/T 20078-2006);

- Kev txheeb xyuas cov khoom, suav nrog cov cim lossis cov lej (saib Table 1 thiab Table 8);

- Kev txheeb xyuas cov khoom siv (saib Table 10-12)

Kev txheeb xyuas cov khoom raug tsim tawm raws li qhia hauv qab no.

Piv txwv li: Forgings ua raws li qhov ntsuas no, nrog rau kev txheeb xyuas cov khoom siv CuZn39Pb3 lossis CW614N cov khoom siv H080, yuav tsum raug txheeb xyuas raws li hauv qab no:

Order cov ntaub ntawv

Txhawm rau kom yooj yim ntawm kev nug, cov txheej txheem xaj yuav tsum tau lees paub ntawm tus neeg txiav txim thiab tus neeg muag khoom. Pawg neeg txiav txim yuav tsum hais rau hauv qhov kev nug thiab txiav txim tias cov khoom xyaw hauv qab no yuav tsum ua raws li cov khoom siv sib xws hauv Table 1 ~ Table 8.

Lus Cim: Vim tias cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg hauv qhov ntsuas no sib txawv heev hauv kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, qhov kub thiab txias, thiab kev ntxhov siab tsim hauv qhov tuag, lawv tau muab faib ua peb pawg uas txhua tus muaj cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm zoo sib xws. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov pab pawg tau muab faib ua ob pawg los cuam tshuam lawv qhov muaj. Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qeb A feem ntau muaj ntau dua li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qeb B (saib Table 9).

Mechanical muaj nuj nqi

tawv

Kev ua haujlwm hardness yuav tsum ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua hauv Table 10-12.

Tus neeg txiav txim yuav tsum hais tias yuav siv txoj kev xeem twg. Cov kev ntsuam xyuas yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov txheej txheem tsim nyog tau piav qhia hauv nqe 8.2.

Rau forgings ua los ntawm Class s cov ntaub ntawv, lub hardness muaj nuj nqi yuav tsum tau raws li kev pom zoo ntawm tus neeg txiav txim thiab tus neeg muag khoom.

Tensile muaj nuj nqi

Qhov xav tau tensile muaj nuj nqi tsis tau txhais hauv qhov ntsuas no. Cov txiaj ntsig * hauv cov kab hauv kab hauv Table 10 txog Table 12 yog rau siv.

Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb, yog tias pawg neeg txiav txim yuav tsum tau kuaj lub zog tensile, nws yuav tsum yog lub zog tensile me me, 0. 2% yield zog thaum lub sijhawm nug thiab kev txiav txim.

Thiab elongation, piv txwv qhov chaw thiab qhov loj me, thiab cov qauv piv txwv (saib daim duab 5 k)}. Hauv qhov no, qhov tseem ceeb hardness * teev nyob rau hauv Table 10 txog 12 yog rau siv.

Forgings ntawm tooj liab thiab tooj liab alloy rau valve cov ntaub ntawv (ii) siv Class A cov ntaub ntawv teev nyob rau hauv Table 13 yuav tsum ua raws li lub cev muaj zog lub zog teev nyob rau hauv Table 13. Rau forgings siv Class B cov ntaub ntawv teev nyob rau hauv Table 9, yog hais tias lub cev muaj zog lub zog yuav tsum tau, nws yuav tsum tau pom zoo ntawm tus neeg txiav txim thiab tus neeg muag khoom tog. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim khoom, cov khoom siv hlau no tuaj yeem ua kom sov hauv thaj tsam ntawm 470 ℃ ~ 550 ℃. Yog tias tus neeg siv yuav tsum tau ua kom sov cov khoom kom ntau tshaj 530 ℃, tus neeg muag khoom yuav tsum tau sab laj rau cov lus qhia. Dimensional tolerances thiab contour tolerances yuav tsum ua raws li qhov tolerances tau teev tseg hauv qhov ntsuas no. Yog tias qhov kam rau ua tsis tau qhia hauv daim duab, tus nqi kam rau muab rau hauv qhov ntsuas no yog siv.

Kev sib txuas: tooj liab thiab tooj liab alloy forgings rau cov ntaub ntawv valve (I)

Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb, yog tias pawg neeg txiav txim yuav tsum tau kuaj lub zog tensile, nws yuav tsum yog lub zog tensile me me, 0. 2% yield zog thaum lub sijhawm nug thiab kev txiav txim.

Thiab elongation, sampling txoj hauj lwm thiab qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov qauv, thiab sampling piv (saib art. 5 k). Hauv qhov no, qhov tseem ceeb hardness * teev nyob rau hauv Table 10 txog 12 yog rau siv.

Lub cev muaj zog

Forgings ua los ntawm Class A cov ntaub ntawv teev nyob rau hauv Table 13 yuav tsum ua raws li lub cev muaj zog lub zog teev nyob rau hauv Table 13. Rau forgings ua los ntawm Class B cov ntaub ntawv teev nyob rau hauv Table 9, yog hais tias lub cev muaj zog lub zog, nws yuav tsum tau pom zoo los ntawm lub ordering tog thiab lub tus neeg muag khoom.

Desincing kuj

- Rau Class A cov ntaub ntawv: loj heev 200μm;

- Rau cov khoom siv hauv chav kawm B: sib npaug tsis tshaj 200μm thiab loj dua los ntawm 400μm [(saib Tshooj S i)]

Kev xeem yuav tsum tau ua raws li Tshooj 8.5.

Lus Cim: Hauv kev tsim khoom, cov khoom siv hlau no tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv thaj tsam ntawm 470 ℃ ~ 550 ℃. Yog tias tus neeg siv xav tau kom sov cov khoom siab tshaj 530 ℃, tus neeg muag khoom yuav tsum tau sab laj rau cov lus qhia.

Residual stress

Forgings txiav txim rau lub xeev tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab (saib Ceeb Toom 2 hauv 4.2) yuav tsum tsis muaj cov cim tawg thaum lub sijhawm kuaj. Cov kev xeem yuav tsum tau ua raws li 8. 6.

Tuag forging kam rau ua

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus

Cov kev tolerances uas tau teev tseg yog siv rau tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv Class A thiab Class B uas teev nyob rau hauv Table 9. Kos rau ntawm daim duab forging.

Dimensional tolerances thiab contour tolerances yuav tsum ua raws li qhov tolerances tau teev tseg hauv qhov ntsuas no. Yog tias qhov kam rau ua tsis tau qhia hauv daim duab, tus nqi kam rau muab rau hauv qhov ntsuas no yog siv.

Lus Cim 1; Nws raug nquahu kom hais txog qhov ntsuas no rau ntawm daim duab

Muaj ob qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntev kom paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov tuag forging

a) Qhov ntev ntawm qhov tuag kab noj hniav yog cim nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo meej module raws li cov duab ntawm forging, thiab tsis txhob txav mus rau ib leeg, saib loj n hauv daim duab 1

Lus Cim 2: Cov qauv no yog tsim los ntawm ib leeg thiab cov khoom tshwj xeeb lossis ob peb yam uas tsis txav mus rau ib leeg.

b) Qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov kab tuag ntau dhau yog muab los ntawm ob lossis ntau qhov tuag txav tawm tsam ib leeg, saib qhov loj t hauv daim duab 2

Lus Cim 3: Daim duab 3 qhia txog kev tuag forging uas siv cov pwm qhia hauv daim duab 1 thiab daim duab 2.

Pom zoo machining nyiaj pub thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv muaj nyob rau hauv B.3.10 thiab Table B.6