Umuringa n'umuringa bivanze kwibagirwa ibikoresho bya valve

Umuringa n'umuringa bivanze kwibagirwa ibikoresho bya valve

Umubare wibintu byinshi byuburyo bumwe, bwubwoko bumwe cyangwa bwubwoko bumwe hamwe nibintu bifatika hamwe nubunini bumwe cyangwa igice cyakoreshejwe mugusuzuma (kugerageza). Kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa bitanga gahunda yo kwita izina ntoya, binyuze mubisobanuro byibicuruzwa bishobora gutangwa vuba na bwangu, kugirango ibicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa murwego rwiburayi bihuye bishobora kumvikana kurwego mpuzamahanga. Mubihe bidasanzwe, niba uwabitegetse akeneye kugerageza imikorere yimikorere, igomba kuba mubushakashatsi no gutondekanya imbaraga ntoya, 0. 2% bitanga umusaruro…

intera

Iki gipimo gisobanura ibice, imikorere isabwa hamwe no kwihanganira ibipimo byumuringa n'umuringa bivangwa no kwibagirwa kubuntu. Uburyo bwo gutoranya, uburyo bwikizamini hamwe nuburyo bwo gutanga bisobanurwa kugirango harebwe niba iki gipimo cyubahirizwa.

Inyandiko isanzwe

Amagambo ari mu nyandiko zikurikira ahinduka ingingo yiki gipimo ukoresheje iki gipimo. Kubisobanuro byatanzweho itariki, ibyahinduwe byose (usibye errata) cyangwa ubugororangingo ntibikurikizwa murwego. Icyakora, ababuranyi bemeranijweho muri ibi bipimo barashishikarizwa gushakisha uburyo izo verisiyo zihari. Idosiye iyo ari yo yose idasobanutse ifite verisiyo ikwiranye niyi ntera.

Ibizamini bikomeye bya Brinell - Igice cya 1: Uburyo bwikizamini (GB / T 231.1-2002, eqv ISO 6506-1; 1999).

GB / T 1182 Kwihanganirana muri rusange, ibisobanuro, ibimenyetso n'ibishushanyo byo kugaragara no kumwanya (GB / T 1182-1996, eqv ISO 1101: 1996)

Ibizamini bya Vickers Byuma - Igice cya 1: Uburyo bwikizamini (GB / T 4340.1 –1999, eqv ISO 6507-1; 1997).

GB / T 10119 umuringa - Kumenya kurwanya deszincing (GB / T 10119-1988, eqv ISO 6509: 1981)

EN 1655 Ibisobanuro byerekana guhuza umuringa n'umuringa

EN 1976 Umuringa n'umuringa bivanze - umuringa mbisi

EN 10002-1 Ibizamini bya Tensile kubikoresho byuma - Igice cya 1: Uburyo bwikizamini (kubushyuhe bwibidukikije)

EN 10204 Ubwoko bwinyandiko zo kugenzura ibicuruzwa byuma

EN ISO196 Kugaragaza impungenge zisigaye mu muringa utunganijwe n'umuringa - Mercure (1) ikizamini cya nitrate (ISO196: 1978)

ISO 1811-2 Gutoranya no gutegura ingero zo gusesengura imiti yumuringa wumuringa nu muringa - Igice z: Gutoranya ibicuruzwa byatewe no guta - ISO 6957 Amavuta yumuringa - ibizamini bya amoniya kugirango birwanye isuri

Icyitonderwa: Ibivugwa kuri iki gipimo hamwe n’ibyavuzwe aho bikenewe muri iyi nyandiko byanditswe muri bibliografiya ku Mugereka A.

ibisobanuro

Ibisobanuro bikurikira bikurikizwa kuriyi ntera.

guhimba

Bishyushye gukora ibicuruzwa ukoresheje inyundo cyangwa ukanda.

Gupfa kwibeshya

Igicuruzwa cyakozwe muburyo bufunze.

Kubeshya

Igicuruzwa cyashizwe mububiko.

Kubeshya

Igicuruzwa kijugunywe gifunze hamwe na pellet.

Ubugenzuzi

Umubare wibintu byinshi byuburyo bumwe, bwubwoko bumwe cyangwa bwubwoko bumwe hamwe nibintu bifatika hamwe nubunini bumwe cyangwa igice cyakoreshejwe mugusuzuma (kugerageza).

indangamuntu

ibikoresho

Ihame rusange

Ibikoresho byitiriwe ibimenyetso cyangwa code (reba Imbonerahamwe 1 kugeza Imbonerahamwe 8).

ikimenyetso

Kwita izina ibimenyetso bifatika bishingiye kuri sisitemu yatanzwe muri ISO 1190-1.

Icyitonderwa: Mugihe ibimenyetso bifatika biranga muriki gipimo bishobora kuba nkibindi bipimo ukoresheje sisitemu yo kwita izina ISO 1190-1, ibisobanuro birambuye byo guhimba ntibigomba kuba bimwe.

Izina rya kode

Kode y'ibikoresho yitiriwe ukurikije sisitemu muri EN1412.

Imiterere y'ibikoresho

Amazina akurikira ya sisitemu muri EN1173 akoreshwa nkibintu byibikoresho kuri iki gipimo:

M Imiterere yibicuruzwa bidashoboye gukorwa;

H gutandukanya ibicuruzwa hamwe nibisabwa bikomeye hanyuma uvuge ibintu bifatika ukurikije ibikenewe bito;

S (umugereka) bivuga ibintu bifatika byibicuruzwa bigabanya ibibazo.

Icyitonderwa 1: Ibicuruzwa bifite imiterere ya H birashobora gushyirwa mubikorwa nka Vickers cyangwa Brinell gukomera, kandi kugena imiterere ya H ni kimwe nuburyo bwo gukora ibizamini byombi.

Icyitonderwa 2: Kugirango ugabanye imihangayiko isigaye, kunezeza ibicuruzwa birwanya isuri no kunoza ituze ryayo nyuma yo gutunganywa, ibicuruzwa muri leta ya M cyangwa H birashobora kuvurwa bidasanzwe (urugero nko gukuraho ibibazo bya mashini cyangwa ubushyuhe) [reba ingingo ya 5 g ), Ingingo ya 5 h) na 8.4)]

Gusa kimwe mubiranga hejuru cyakoreshejwe mukuvuga izina ryibintu, usibye mugihe inyongera S yakoreshejwe.

ibicuruzwa

Kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa bitanga gahunda yo kwita izina ntoya, binyuze mubisobanuro byibicuruzwa bishobora gutangwa vuba na bwangu, kugirango ibicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa murwego rwiburayi bihuye bishobora kumvikana kurwego mpuzamahanga.

Kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa ntibishobora gusimbuza ibiri murwego.

Kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa bifite uruhare muri iki gipimo bizaba bigizwe nibi bikurikira:

- Izina (kwibagirwa);

- Umubare munini (GB / T 20078-2006);

- Kumenyekanisha ibikoresho, harimo ibimenyetso cyangwa code (reba Imbonerahamwe 1 na Imbonerahamwe 8);

- Kumenyekanisha ibintu bifatika (reba Imbonerahamwe 10-12)

Kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa byakozwe nkuko bigaragara hano hepfo.

Urugero: Imbabazi zihuye niki gipimo, hamwe nibintu biranga CuZn39Pb3 cyangwa CW614N ibintu bifatika H080, bizamenyekana gutya:

Tegeka amakuru

Kugira ngo iperereza ryorohe, uburyo bwo gutumiza bugomba kwemezwa hagati yabatumije nuwabitanze. Umuburanyi utumiza agomba kuvuga mu iperereza no gutegeka ko ibikenewe bikurikira bigomba kuba bihuye nibikoresho bihuye byatanzwe mu mbonerahamwe ya 1 ~ Imbonerahamwe 8.

Icyitonderwa: Kuberako ibikoresho byasobanuwe muriki gipimo biratandukanye cyane mukurwanya guhindagurika, ubushyuhe bwo guta, hamwe no guhangayika biterwa no gupfa, bigabanyijemo amatsinda atatu yose afite imiterere isa nubushyuhe. Mubyongeyeho, amatsinda yagabanyijwemo ibyiciro bibiri kugirango yerekane ko ahari. Ibikoresho byo mu cyiciro A muri rusange byari bihari cyane kuruta ibikoresho byo mu cyiciro B (reba Imbonerahamwe 9).

Imikorere ya mashini

gukomera

Igikorwa cyo gukomera kigomba kuba cyujuje ibisabwa mu mbonerahamwe 10-12.

Ushinzwe amategeko agomba kuvuga uburyo bwo gukoresha ikizamini. Ibizamini bizakorwa hubahirijwe uburyo bukwiye bwasobanuwe mu ngingo ya 8.2.

Kubabarira bikozwe mubikoresho byo mucyiciro, imikorere yo gukomera igomba gukurikiza amasezerano yumuburanyi nuwabitanze.

Imikorere idahwitse

Igikorwa gikenewe ntigisobanuwe muriki gipimo. Indangagaciro * mumutwe uri mu mbonerahamwe ya 10 kugeza ku mbonerahamwe ya 12 ni iyerekanwa.

Mubihe bidasanzwe, niba uwategetse bisaba kugerageza imikorere ya tensile, igomba kuba imbaraga ntoya, 0. 2% itanga imbaraga mugihe cyiperereza no gutumiza

Kurambura, icyitegererezo hamwe nubunini, hamwe nicyitegererezo (reba art. 5 k)}. Muri iki kibazo, indangagaciro zikomeye * ziri mu mbonerahamwe ya 10 kugeza 12 ni iyerekanwa.

Kwibagirwa umuringa n'umuringa bivangwa n'ibikoresho bya valve (ii) ukoresheje ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwa A biri mu mbonerahamwe ya 13 bigomba guhuza n'ingufu za moteri zivugwa mu mbonerahamwe ya 13. Kubabarira ukoresheje ibikoresho B byo mu cyiciro cya B biri mu mbonerahamwe ya 9, niba ingufu za moteri zisabwa, bigomba kumvikana hagati yumuburanyi nuwabitanze. Mubikorwa byo gukora, ibicuruzwa bivanze birashobora gushyuha murwego rwa 470 ℃ ~ -550 ℃. Niba umukoresha akeneye gushyushya ibikoresho kurenza 530 ℃, utanga isoko agomba kubazwa inama. Kwihanganirana kwinshi no kwihanganira kontour bigomba gukurikiza kwihanganira gusobanurwa muriki gipimo. Niba kwihanganira bitagaragaye mugushushanya, agaciro ko kwihanganira gutangwa muriki gipimo kirakoreshwa.

Kwihuza: Umuringa n'umuringa wibagiwe kubikoresho bya valve (I)

Mubihe bidasanzwe, niba uwategetse bisaba kugerageza imikorere ya tensile, igomba kuba imbaraga ntoya, 0. 2% itanga imbaraga mugihe cyiperereza no gutumiza

Kurambura, icyitegererezo hamwe nubunini bwikitegererezo, hamwe nikigereranyo (reba art. 5 k). Muri iki kibazo, indangagaciro zikomeye * ziri mu mbonerahamwe ya 10 kugeza 12 ni iyerekanwa.

Ingufu za moteri

Imbabazi zakozwe mu cyiciro cya A ziri mu mbonerahamwe ya 13 zigomba guhuza n’ingufu za moteri zivugwa mu mbonerahamwe ya 13. Kubibabarirwa bikozwe mu bikoresho B byo mu cyiciro cya B bivugwa mu mbonerahamwe ya 9, niba ingufu za moteri zisabwa, bigomba kumvikana hagati y’abatumije na utanga isoko.

Kurwanya kurwanya

- Kubikoresho byo mu cyiciro cya A: ugereranije ni 200 mm;

- Kubikoresho byo mu cyiciro cya B: kimwe kitarenze 200 mm kandi ugereranije na 400 mm [(reba Igice S i)]

Ikizamini kizakorwa hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 8.5.

Icyitonderwa: Mubikorwa byo gukora, iki gicuruzwa gishobora kuvangwa murwego rwa 470 ℃ ~ -550 ℃. Niba umukoresha akeneye gushyushya ibikoresho hejuru ya 530 ℃, utanga isoko agomba kubazwa inama.

Guhangayika

Imbabazi zateganijwe kuri leta zidafite ibibazo (reba Icyitonderwa 2 muri 4.2) ntizigaragaza ibimenyetso byacitse mugihe cyo kwipimisha. Ibizamini bizakorwa hakurikijwe 8. 6.

Gupfa kwihanganira kwihanganira

Ihame rusange

Ubworoherane bwasobanuwe bukoreshwa mubikoresho byose byo mu rwego rwa A na B B byashyizwe ku mbonerahamwe ya 9. Byerekanwe ku gishushanyo mbonera

Kwihanganirana kwinshi no kwihanganira kontour bigomba gukurikiza kwihanganira gusobanurwa muriki gipimo. Niba kwihanganira bitagaragaye mugushushanya, agaciro ko kwihanganira gutangwa muriki gipimo kirakoreshwa.

Icyitonderwa 1; Birasabwa ko ibivugwa kuri iki gipimo byerekanwa ku gishushanyo

Hariho ubwoko bubiri butandukanye bwo gutandukanya gupfa

a) Ibipimo biri mu cyuho bipfa gushyirwaho muburyo bwiza ukurikije imiterere yo guhimba, kandi ntukimuke, reba ubunini n mu gishushanyo 1

Icyitonderwa 2: Izi modul zigizwe nibintu bimwe kandi byihariye cyangwa ibice byinshi bitimukira hamwe.

b) Ingano yumurongo urenze ipfa ikomoka kubiri cyangwa byinshi bipfa kugenda bigenda, reba ubunini t mubishusho 2

Icyitonderwa 3: Igishushanyo cya 3 cyerekana impimbano zipfa zakozwe hakoreshejwe ibishushanyo bigaragara ku gishushanyo 1 na 2.

Amafaranga asabwa yo gutunganya ibikoresho nibindi byerekanwa muri B.3.10 na Imbonerahamwe B.6