Ububanzi Besicelo Nezidingo Zobuchwepheshe zamavalvu esiteshi sikagesi (2)

Ububanzi Besicelo Nezidingo Zobuchwepheshe zamavalvu esiteshi sikagesi (2)

I-valve ivame ukuhlangabezana nokwehluleka kwamathiphu angu-10 asebenzayo, ngezansi sizosho ngokuningiliziwe.
1 Kungani i-valve yokusika kufanele ivalwe ngokuqinile ngangokunokwenzeka?
Sika izidingo zokuvuza kwe-valve ngokuphansi ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuvuza kwe-valve ye-soft seal kuphansi, kunqamule umphumela, kodwa hhayi ukumelana nokugqoka, ukwethembeka okubi. Kusukela ekuvuzeni nokuncane, okuvalekayo kanye nezinga elikabili elithembekile, ukunqanyulwa kophawu oluthambile kungcono kunokusikwa uphawu oluqinile. Njengomsebenzi ogcwele we-valve elawula ukukhanya kwe-ultra-light, evalwe futhi yapakishwa ngokuvikelwa kwe-alloy ukumelana nokugqoka, ukwethembeka okuphezulu, izinga lokuvuza lika-10-7, likwazile ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ze-valve yokusika.
2. Kungani ivalvu evala uphawu kabili ingakwazi ukusetshenziswa njengevalvu eyisikiwe?
Inzuzo ye-spool ye-valve enezihlalo ezimbili yisakhiwo sebhalansi yamandla, okuvumela umehluko omkhulu wengcindezi, kanye nobubi bayo obuvelele ukuthi izindawo ezimbili zokuvala azikwazi ukuxhumana okuhle ngesikhathi esisodwa, okuholela ekuvuzeni okukhulu. Uma kusetshenziswa ngokungemthetho futhi ngenkani ukunqamula umcimbi, ngokusobala umphumela awumuhle, ngisho noma wenze ukuthuthukiswa okuningi (njenge-valve yemikhono eqinile ephindwe kabili), ayifiseleki.
3. Kungani kulula ukunyakazisa uma ivalve enezihlalo ezimbili ivulekile?
Ngomgogodla owodwa, lapho okuphakathi kuwuhlobo oluvulekile lokugeleza, ukuzinza kwe-valve kuhle; Lapho ukugeleza okuphakathi kuvaliwe, ukuzinza kwe-valve kubi. I-valve yesihlalo esiphindwe kabili inama-spool amabili, i-spool ephansi ingaphakathi kokugeleza ivaliwe, i-spool ephezulu isekugelezeni okuvulekile, ngakho-ke, emsebenzini omncane wokuvula, ukugeleza okuvaliwe kohlobo lwe-spool kulula ukubangela ukudlidliza kwe-valve, lokhu isizathu esenza ukuthi i-valve yezihlalo ezimbili ingakwazi ukusetshenziselwa umsebenzi omncane wokuvula.
I-4, iyiphi i-stroke eqondile elawula ukusebenza kwe-valve engalungile, ukusebenza kwe-Angle stroke blocking valve kuhle?
I-spool ye-valve ye-stroke eqondile inyakazisa mpo, futhi okumaphakathi kuwukugeleza okuvundlile ukungena nokuphuma egunjini lama-valve amashaneli kufanele ibuyele emuva, ukuze indlela yokugeleza kwevalvu ibe yinkimbinkimbi impela (umumo onjengohlobo oluhlanekezelwe "S"). Ngale ndlela, kunezindawo eziningi ezifile, ezihlinzeka ngendawo yemvula ye-medium, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kubangele ukuvinjelwa. Isiqondiso se-Angle stroke valve throttling yindlela evundlile, okuphakathi kugeleza futhi kuphume ngokuvundlile, futhi kulula ukususa okuphakathi okungahlanzekile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, indlela yokugeleza ilula, futhi isikhala semvula esiphakathi sincane kakhulu, ngakho-ke i-valve ye-Angle stroke inokusebenza okuhle kokuvimbela.
5, kungani isiqu se-valve yokulawula i-stroke sincane?
I-valve elawula i-stroke eqondile ibandakanya isimiso esilula somshini: ukungqubuzana okukhulu kokuslayida, ukungqubuzana okuncane okugoqayo. Straight stroke valve stem up and down ukunyakaza, ukupakisha sicindezelwe kancane kancane, izobeka isiqu valve zisongwe kakhulu, ukukhiqiza umehluko omkhulu emuva. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, isiqu se-valve senzelwe ukuba sibe sincane kakhulu, futhi ukupakisha kuvame ukusetshenziswa nge-coefficient encane yokupakisha i-PTFE, ukuze kuncishiswe ukuhlukana, kodwa inkinga ukuthi i-valve stem incane, kulula ukugoba. , futhi impilo yokupakisha ifushane. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, indlela engcono ukusebenzisa isiqu se-valve yokuhamba, okungukuthi uhlobo lwe-Angle stroke ye-valve elawulayo, isiqu sayo se-valve siwugqinsi izikhathi ezi-2 ~ 3 kunesiqu se-valve ye-stroke eqondile, kanye nokukhetha kokugcwalisa i-graphite yempilo ende. , ukuqina kwesiqu kuhle, impilo yokupakisha yinde, i-torque ye-friction incane, umehluko omncane wokubuya.
6. Kungani umehluko we-cut off pressure valve we-Angle stroke valve mkhulu?
I-valve yohlobo lwe-Angle stroke inqamule umehluko wengcindezi mkhulu, ngoba amandla aphumela ku-spool noma epuleti le-valve ku-torque ye-rotation shaft mancane kakhulu, ngakho-ke, angakwazi ukumelana nomehluko omkhulu wengcindezi.
7. Kungani i-valve yomkhono ithathe indawo ye-valve yesihlalo esisodwa nesekabili kodwa ingawufezi umgomo wayo?
Ivalvu yemikhono, eyaphuma ngeminyaka yawo-1960, yayisetshenziswa kakhulu ekhaya naphesheya ngeminyaka yawo-1970. Embonini ye-petrochemical eyethulwa ngeminyaka yawo-1980, ivalvu yemikhono yaba nenani elikhulu. Ngaleso sikhathi, abantu abaningi babekholelwa ukuthi i-valve ye-sleeve ingangena esikhundleni se-valve yesihlalo esisodwa nesikabili futhi ibe isizukulwane sesibili semikhiqizo. Namuhla, akunjalo, i-valve yesihlalo esisodwa, i-valve yokuhlala kabili, i-sleeve valve isetshenziswa ngokulinganayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-sleeve valve ithuthukisa kuphela ifomu le-throttling, ukuzinza kanye nokugcinwa kangcono kune-valve yesihlalo esisodwa, kodwa isisindo sayo, izinkomba zokuvimba kanye nokuvuza zihambisana ne-valve yesihlalo esisodwa kanye ne-double, ingakwazi kanjani ukufaka i-valve yesihlalo esisodwa nesikabili. ? Ngakho, kufanele kwabiwe.
8. Kungani impilo yesevisi ye-desalting water medium ifakwe i-rubber butterfly valve kanye ne-fluorine lined diaphragm valve ifushane?
I-Desalting water medium iqukethe ukugcwala okuphansi kwe-asidi noma i-alkali, inokugqwala okukhulu kunjoloba. Ukugqwala kwerabha kubonakala ngokunwebeka, ukuguga namandla aphansi. Umphumela wokusetshenziswa kwevalve uvemvane nevalve ye-diaphragm efakwe irabha mubi. Umongo wukuthi irabha ayimelani nokugqwala. Ngemuva kokuthi i-valve ye-diaphragm yenjoloba ithuthukisiwe ukuze ikwazi ukumelana nokugqwala kwevalve ye-fluorine efakwe umugqa we-diaphragm, kodwa i-diaphragm ye-fluorine ene-diaphragm valve ayikwazi ukusukuma naphansi igoqe futhi iphukile, okuholela ekulimaleni komshini, ukuphila kwe-valve kufushane. Manje indlela engcono ukusebenzisa amanzi ukwelapha i-valve yebhola, ingasetshenziswa iminyaka emi-5 kuye kweyi-8.
9, kungani ukusetshenziswa kwe-valve ye-pneumatic piston actuator kuzoba ngaphezulu nangaphezulu?
Ku-valve ye-pneumatic, i-piston actuator ingasebenzisa ngokugcwele ukucindezela komthombo womoya, usayizi we-actuator mncane kunefilimu, i-thrust inkulu, i-O-ring ku-piston inokwethenjelwa kakhulu kunefilimu, ngakho-ke izokwenza. zisetshenziswe kakhulu.
10. Kungani ukukhetha kubaluleke ngaphezu kokubala?
Ukubala nokukhetha kuqhathaniswa, ukukhetha kubaluleke kakhulu, kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ngoba ukubala kumane kuyisibalo sefomula elula, akuncikile ekunembeni kwefomula ngokwayo, kodwa ekunembeni kwemingcele yenqubo enikeziwe. Ukukhethwa kuhilela okuqukethwe okwengeziwe, ukunganaki okuncane, kuzoholela ekukhethweni okungalungile, hhayi nje kuphela kubangele ukuchithwa kwabasebenzi, izinsiza ezibonakalayo, izinsiza zezezimali, futhi ukusetshenziswa komphumela akulungile, ukuletha izinkinga eziningi zokusetshenziswa, njengokwethenjelwa. , impilo, ikhwalithi yokusebenza, njll.
Ububanzi bokufaka isicelo kanye nezidingo zobuchwepheshe zamavalvu esiteshi sikagesi (II) Izinto ezisetshenziselwa amavalvu zizoba nezitifiketi zempahla noma izitifiketi ezifanele: izinto zensimbi zizomakwa ngenombolo yensimbi, inombolo yesithando somlilo kanye nenombolo yeqoqo, futhi zibe nezitifiketi zokwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nezitifiketi zemishini. Lapho izingcezu ezivalelwe zesampula yesampula yemiphumela iyisampula yenkomba yokusebenza komshini ingafanelekile, kufanele ithathe kabili inani lesampula inhlolokhono yesibili, uma kusekhona a, le qoqo lezingxenye kufanele iphinde ibe ukwelashwa kokushisa futhi, ngaphambi kwesibili- izindlela zokuhlola eziyindilinga ezifana nokwelashwa kokushisa futhi inani lezikhathi ezingeqile kwezimbili (kungabandakanyi inani lokufudumeza), * * * inhlolokhono yesibili uma kusekhona isampula, Le nqwaba yezinto ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa.
Ukuxhumana okuphezulu: Ibanga lohlelo lokusebenza kanye nezidingo zobuchwepheshe zamavalvu esiteshi samandla (1)
7 Ukuhlolwa nokuhlolwa
7.1 Ukuhlolwa Kwempahla
7.1.1 Izinto ezisetshenziselwa amavalvu zizoba nezitifiketi zemfundo noma izitifiketi ezifanele: izinto zensimbi zizophawulwa ngenombolo yensimbi, inombolo yesithando somlilo kanye nenombolo yeqoqo, futhi zibe nezitifiketi zokwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nezitifiketi zemishini.
7.1.2 Impahla yezingxenye ezithwalayo izothathwa isampula ngaphambi kokugcinwa. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kuzothathwa ngokuya ngesithando somlilo esincibilikayo, futhi izici zomshini zizothathwa isampula ngokuya ngenqwaba yokwelashwa kokushisa. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa izohlangabezana nezinhlinzeko zamazinga ahambisanayo wezinto ezibonakalayo.
7.1.3 uma izingcezu ezivalekile zemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwesampula eyisampula yenkomba yokusebenza komshini ingafaneleki, kufanele ithathe inani eliphindwe kabili lesampula inhlolokhono yesibili, uma kusekhona a, le nqwaba yezingxenye kufanele iphinde iphathwe ngokushisa, ngaphambi kwalokho. izindlela zokuhlolwa komzuliswano wesibili njengokwelashwa kokushisa futhi inani lezikhathi ezingeqile kwezimbili (kungabandakanyi inani lokufudumeza), * * * inhlolokhono yesibili uma kusekhona isampula, Le nqwaba yezinto ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa. Uma inkomba yokwakheka kwamakhemikhali yesampula ingafaneleki kodwa inkomba yesakhiwo somshini yesampula ifaneleka emiphumeleni yokuhlola yamasampula, izinyathelo zokulahla zizonqunywa ngokuya ngesimo esithile noma izinhlinzeko zenkontileka yokuthenga impahla.
7.2 Ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yokubukeka
7.2.1 Ikhwalithi yokubukeka yezingxenye zensimbi yokufaka ama-valve kufanele ihambisane ne-JB/T 7927-1999.
7.2.2 Ukubekezelelwa kwe-dimensional kokusakazwa kuzohambisana nezinhlinzeko ze-GB/T 6414-1999, kodwa ubukhulu bodonga bengxenye ebambayo yokusakazwa angeke babe nokuchezuka okuyinegethivu: isikhuphukeli sokusakaza sizosuswa ngokuvumelana negesi enqunyiwe. inqubo yokusika, futhi ubude obuyinsalela ngemva kokususwa angeke budlule izinhlinzeko eziseThebulani loku-1.
Ithebula 1 Ubude obuyinsalela bensimbi ekhonjiwe ngemva kokukhipha isikhuphukeli seyunithi mm
7.2.3 Isikhuphukeli esithelayo singenziwa bushelelezi ngomshini womshini. Uma isemampambanweni ama-arcs ayindilinga endaweni yomjikelezo, ingapholishwa ngesondo lokugaya futhi ishintshe kahle ngokuphezulu komzimba. Ngemuva kokuqeda i-casting riser, i-succulent nesihlabathi esiyinhloko, ukwelashwa kokushisa kufanele kwenziwe ngokuvumelana nenqubo. Ngemuva kokwelashwa kokushisa, ukuqhunyiswa kwesihlabathi kufanele kwenziwe ukuze kuqedwe isikhumba esine-oxidized, isihlabathi esinamathelayo kanye ne-burr.
7.2.4 Ama-inlay (insimbi ebandayo, ukusekela okuphakathi, njll.) akuvunyelwe ezingxenyeni ezithwala insimbi.
7.2.5 Igroove yokushisela yomzimba we-valve, indawo yokushisela yesihlalo se-valve, indawo yokuthintana phakathi kwe-valve nendandatho emhlophe yotywina, kanye nendawo yokuxhuma ne-screw surface ye-valve yomzimba akuvunyelwe ukuba enesici.
7.2.6 Ukubunjwa kwensimbi ngeke kube neziphambeko njengezimbotshana, izimbobo ezishwaqayo, ukushwabana kwe-porosity, isihlabathi neminkenke.
7.2.7 Ingaphandle lezinto zokubumba azivunyelwe ukuthi zibe neminkenke, igoqeke, ifake amanxeba, izimpawu, ukufakwa kwe-slag nokunye. Ukuze indawo engaphezulu icutshungulwe, njengeziphambeko ezingenhla kodwa ingasuswa ngokuphelele ngemva kokucubungula, kuphela ngemva kokuvunyelwa komnyango wezobuchwepheshe, kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa.
7.3 Ukutholwa kweRay
7.3.1 Izingxenye Zokutholwa
7.3.1.1 Ukuhlolwa kwemisebe kuyokwenziwa emseleni womzimba wezinsimbi ezisansimbi ezishiselwe emapayipini ahlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imibandela elandelayo. Ububanzi bokungena bungu-1.5T ~50mm ukusuka ekugcineni kwe-groove, futhi amanani amabili mancane, njengoba kuboniswe ku-FIG. 1
A) Amapayipi anobubanzi obungaphandle obukhulu kuno-426mm(ipayipi lamanzi elikhulu kuno-273mm) nogqinsi olungaphezu kwama-20mm;
B) Amapayipi anogqinsi olungaphezulu kuka-40mm(ipayipi lamanzi elikhulu kuno-30mm) kanye nobubanzi obungaphandle obungaphezu kuka-159mm.
1 - umzimba; 2 – ipayipi.
I-DW - ububanzi obungaphandle bepayipi; T - ukushuba odongeni ipayipi exhunywe valve.
I-FIG. 1 Ububanzi bokungena
7.3.1.2 Ukushisela izinqe zevalvu.
7.3.1.3 Izingxenye zokulungisa ezizohlolwa ngemisebe ngemva kokushisela.
7.3.2 Isikhathi sokutholwa, indlela kanye nezinga lokwamukela
7.3.2.1 Ukutholwa kwe-ray ye-groove ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngaphambi kokucutshungulwa kwe-groove.
7.3.2.2 Indlela yokuhlola i-X-ray ye-valve groove kanye nokulungisa ingxenye yokushisela yensimbi ekhonjiwe kufanele ihambisane nezinhlinzeko zeBanga A ku-GB/T 5677-1985. Ama-valve butt weld azokwenziwa nge-radiograph ngokuhambisana ne-GB/T 3323-1987 Class AB.
7.3.2.3 I-valve groove kanye nokulungisa izingxenye zokushisela zezingxenye zensimbi ezikhonjiwe zizohlolwa ngokuya nge-GB/T 5677-1985 futhi zifaneleke ezingeni lesithathu. Ama-valve butt welds azohlolwa ngokuya nge-GB/T 3323-1987, iBanga lesi-2 eliqeqeshiwe.
7.4 Izinhlayiya zikazibuthe noma ukutholwa kokungena
7.4.1 Izingxenye zokuhlonza
7.4.1.1 Indawo ehlukanisayo, isikhuphukeli sokusakaza, ukugxila kwengcindezi, ukuphambana kwezindawo ezihlukene nezingxenye ezinokungabaza ngekhwalithi yomzimba wevalvu yensimbi ye-alloy.
7.4.1.2 I-groove surface ye-alloy steel cast steel valve valve.
7.4.1.3 I-fillet weld engxenyeni ephethe yevalvu.
7.4.1.4 Izingxenye zegobolondo nezinye izingxenye ezidinga impushana kazibuthe noma ukuhlolwa kokungena ngemva kokushisela.
7.4.1.5 Ubuso obuvalile obuphezulu bevalvu yesitimu enomfutho wegazi ongu-PN≥MPa noma izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo elingu-T ≥450℃. Inani lamasampula ahlolwe kuqeqebana ngalinye lamavalvu lithi:
A) Ku-DN≥50mm, izoba ngu-100% yenani eliphelele lamavalvu kule nqwaba.
B) DN 7.4.2 Isikhathi sokuhlolwa, indlela kanye nezinga lokwamukela
7.4.2.1 Ukuze izingxenye zenziwe, ukuhlolwa kwezinhlayiyana kazibuthe noma ukungena kuzokwenziwa ngemva komshini wokugcina.
7.4.2.2 Indlela yokuthola izinhlayiya zikamagnetic kufanele ihambisane nezinhlinzeko ezifanele ze-GB/T 9444-1988. Indlela yokuhlola yokungena izohambisana nezinhlinzeko ezifanele ze-GB/T 9443-1988.
7.4.2.3 Izingxenye ezidinga impushana kazibuthe noma ukuhlolwa kokungena kanye nendawo evalekayo yevalvu kufanele ihlolwe futhi yamukelwe ngokwezindinganiso ezihambisanayo ezishiwo ku-7.4.2.2 waleli zinga, futhi izinga lesithathu liyofaneleka.
7.5 Umhlangano kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza
7.5.1 Zonke izingxenye zevalvu kufanele zihlolwe umnyango wokuhlola izinga ngaphambi kokuhlanganiswa, futhi izingxenye ezingafanelekile akufanele zihlanganiswe. Izingxenye zensimbi ye-alloy kufanele zihlolwe ngokubukwa okungu-100% futhi zimakwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi azihlangani nezingxenye zezinye izinto.
7.5.2 Indawo yokuvala izoqinisekiswa ukuthi inobulukhuni obanele ngokomdwebo wokuklama noma bheka iSithasiselo D. Indawo evalekayo ngemva kokugaya ayivunyelwe ukuba ibe neminkenke, imifantu, izimbotshana, amabala, imihuzuko, ama-nick nokunye ukukhubazeka. Indawo yokuvala kufanele iqinisekise ukuthi i-radial anastomosis ayikho ngaphansi kwama-80%