Ubungakanani besicelo kunye neemfuno zobuGcisa zeevalvu zesikhululo sombane (2)
I-valve ihlala idibana nokungaphumeleli kweengcebiso ezisebenzayo ezili-10, ngezantsi siza kuthetha ngokubanzi.
1 Kutheni le nto kufuneka ivalve yokusika ivalwe ngokungqongqo kangangoko?
Sika iimfuno zokuvuza kwevalve ngokuphantsi kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ukuvuza kwevalve yevalve ethambileyo kuphantsi ngokwentelekiso, kunqunyulwe isiphumo ngokuqinisekileyo, kodwa ukungagugi, ukuthembeka okulambathayo. Ukusuka ekuvuzeni kunye nokuncinci, ukutywinwa kunye nomgangatho ophindwe kabini othembekileyo, itywina elithambileyo elisikiweyo lingcono kunetywina eliqinileyo elisikiweyo. Njengomsebenzi opheleleyo we-valve yokulawula i-ultra-light, itywinwe kwaye ifakwe ngokhuseleko lwe-alloy-resistant-resistant, ukuthembeka okuphezulu, izinga lokuvuza kwe-10-7, liye lakwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ze-valve yokusika.
2. Kutheni ivalve yokutywina kabini ingenakusetyenziswa njengesivalo esisikiweyo?
I-advanteji ye-spool ye-valve yezihlalo-ezimbini yindlela yokulinganisa amandla, evumela umahluko omkhulu woxinzelelo, kunye nobubi bayo obubalaseleyo kukuba iindawo ezimbini zokutywina azikwazi ukunxibelelana kakuhle ngexesha elinye, okukhokelela ekuvuzeni okukhulu. Ukuba isetyenziswe ngokunyanzeliswayo kunye nokunyanzeliswa ukunqumla umcimbi, ngokucacileyo umphumo awulungile, nokuba wenze uphuculo oluninzi (njenge-valve ye-sleeve yokutywina kabini), ayinqweneleki.
3. Kutheni kulula ukushukuma xa ivalve enezihlalo ezibini ivulekile?
Kwisiseko esisodwa, xa i-medium yi-flow evulekileyo uhlobo, ukuzinza kwevalve kulungile; Xa i-medium ivaliwe, ukuzinza kwevalve kubi. I-valve yesitulo esiphindwe kabini sine-spool ezimbini, i-spool esezantsi ikwi-flow evaliweyo, i-spool ephezulu ikwi-flow evulekileyo, ngoko ke, kumsebenzi omncinci wokuvula, ukuhamba okuvaliweyo kohlobo lwe-spool kulula ukubangela ukungcangcazela kwevalve, oku. sisizathu sokuba ivalve yesitulo esiphindwe kabini ingasetyenziselwa umsebenzi omncinci wokuvula.
I-4, yeyiphi i-stroke echanekileyo elawula ukusebenza kwevalve engalunganga, ukusebenza kwe-Angle stroke blocking valve kulungile?
I-spool yevalve yestroke ethe nkqo ibethe nkqo, kwaye indawo ephakathi ihamba ethe tye ukungena nokuphuma kumjelo wevalve yegumbi kufuneka ijike umva, ukuze indlela yokuhamba kwevalvu ibenzima kakhulu (imilo efana nodidi oluthi "S" olujijelweyo). Ngale ndlela, kukho iindawo ezininzi ezifileyo, ezibonelela ngesithuba semvula yemvula ephakathi, kwaye ekuhambeni kwexesha, kubangela ukuvala. Icala le-Angle stroke valve throttling licala elithe tye, i-medium iqukuqela ingene kwaye iphume ngokuthe tye, kwaye kulula ukuyithatha indawo engacocekanga. Ngexesha elifanayo, indlela yokuhamba ilula, kwaye indawo yemvula ephakathi incinci kakhulu, ngoko i-valve ye-Angle stroke inomsebenzi omhle wokuthintela.
5, kutheni i-valve yokulawula i-stroke isiqu esithe ngqo sincinci?
Ivalve yokulawula istrowuthe ethe ngqo ibandakanya umgaqo olula womatshini: ukukhuhlana okukhulu kokutyibilika, ukukhuhlana okuncinci okuqengqelekayo. Ivalve yevalve ethe tye isikhondo phezulu nasezantsi intshukumo, ipakisha icinezelwe kancinci, iya kubeka isikhondo sevalve esongelwe ngokuqinileyo, ivelise umahluko omkhulu ngasemva. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, i-valve stem yenzelwe ukuba ibe yincinci kakhulu, kwaye ukupakishwa ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa kunye ne-coefficient encinci yokupakisha i-PTFE yokupakisha, ukuze kuncitshiswe i-backdifference, kodwa ingxaki kukuba i-valve stem incinci, kulula ukugoba. , kwaye ubomi bokupakisha bufutshane. Ukusombulula le ngxaki, indlela engcono kukusebenzisa isiqu sevalve yokuhamba, eyile i-Angle stroke uhlobo lwevalve elawulayo, isiqu sayo sevalve ngama-2 ~ 3 amaxesha atyebileyo kunesikhondo sevalve ethe tye, kunye nokukhetha isigcwali sobomi obude begraphite. , ukuqina kwesiqu kulungile, ukupakisha ubomi bude, i-torque ye-friction incinci, umehluko omncinci wokubuya.
6. Kutheni umahluko woxinzelelo olusikiweyo wevalve yeAngle stroke umkhulu?
Ivalve yohlobo lwe-Angle inqunyulwe umahluko woxinzelelo mkhulu, kuba indawo ephakathi kwi-spool okanye iplati yevalve isiphumo samandla kwi-torque ye-rotation shaft incinci kakhulu, ke ngoko, inokumelana nomahluko omkhulu woxinzelelo.
7. Kwakutheni ukuze isivalo somkhono sithathe indawo yevalve yesitulo esinye nesiphindwe kabini kodwa ingayiphumezi injongo yayo?
Ivalve yomkhono, eyaphuma ngeminyaka yoo-1960, yayisetyenziswa kakhulu ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe ngeminyaka yoo-1970. Kwiplanti yepetrochemical eyaziswa ngeminyaka yee-1980, ivalve yemikhono yabalelwa kumlinganiselo omkhulu. Ngelo xesha, abantu abaninzi babekholelwa ukuba ivalve yomkhono ingathatha indawo yevalve yesitulo esinye kunye nesibini kwaye ibe sisizukulwana sesibini seemveliso. Namhlanje, oku akunjalo, ivalve yesitulo esinye, ivalve yesitulo esiphindwe kabini, ivalve yesitulo isetyenziswa ngokulinganayo. Oku kungenxa yokuba ivalve yomkhono iphucula kuphela imo yokugobhoza, uzinzo kunye nokugcinwa ngcono kunevalve yesitulo esinye, kodwa ubunzima bayo, izikhombisi zokuvala kunye nokuvuza ziyahambelana nevalve yesitulo esinye kunye nesiphindwe kabini, ingayibuyisela njani ivalve yesitulo esinye nesiphindwe kabini. ? Ngoko ke, kufuneka kwabelwane ngayo.
8. Kutheni ubomi benkonzo yomthombo wamanzi akhupha ityuwa bufutshane nevalve yerabha yebhabhathane kunye nefluorine lined diaphragm valve bufutshane?
Isiphakathi samanzi sokugalela ityuwa siqulethe i-asidi ephantsi okanye i-alkali, inomhlwa omkhulu kwirabha. I-corrosion ye-rubber ibonakala ngokunyuka, ukuguga kunye namandla aphantsi. Isiphumo sokusetyenziswa kwevalve yebhabhathane kunye nevalve yediaphragm efakwe irabha imbi. Undoqo kukuba irabha ayixhathisi kumhlwa. Emva kokuba ivalve ye-rubber lining diaphragm iphuculwe ukuxhathisa umhlwa kwevalve ye-fluorine efakwe kwi-diaphragm, kodwa i-diaphragm yevalve ene-fluorine ene-diaphragm ayikwazi ukuma phezulu naphantsi ukusonga kunye nokwaphukile, okukhokelela kumonakalo womatshini, ubomi bevalve bufutshane. Ngoku indlela engcono kukusebenzisa amanzi ukunyanga ivalve yebhola, ingasetyenziselwa iminyaka emi-5 ukuya kwe-8.
I-9, kutheni ukusetyenziswa kwe-pneumatic valve piston actuator kuya kuba ngaphezulu nangaphezulu?
Kwivalve ye-pneumatic, i-piston actuator inokusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo uxinzelelo lomthombo womoya, ubungakanani be-actuator buncinci kunefilimu, i-thrust inkulu, i-O-ring kwipiston inokuthenjwa ngakumbi kunefilimu, ngoko iya kuba njalo. zisetyenziswe ngakumbi nangakumbi.
10. Kutheni ukukhetha kubaluleke ngaphezu kokubala?
Ukubala kunye nokukhetha xa kuthelekiswa, ukhetho lubaluleke kakhulu, lunzima kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuba ukubala kuyindlela elula yokubala ifomyula, ayixhomekeke ekuchanekeni kwefomula ngokwayo, kodwa ekuchanekeni kweeparitha zenkqubo enikeziweyo. Ukukhethwa kubandakanya umxholo omninzi, ukungakhathali kancinci, kuya kukhokelela ekukhethweni okungafanelekanga, kungekhona nje ukubangela inkunkuma yabasebenzi, izixhobo eziphathekayo, izibonelelo zemali, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwempembelelo ayifanelekanga, kuzisa inani leengxaki zokusetyenziswa, ezifana nokuthembeka. , ubomi, umgangatho wokusebenza, njl.
Umda wesicelo kunye neemfuno zobuchwepheshe zeevalvu zesikhululo samandla (II) Izinto ezisetyenziselwa iivalvu ziya kuba nezatifikethi zemathiriyeli yokufaneleka okanye izatifikethi ezifanelekileyo: imathiriyeli yesinyithi iya kuphawulwa ngenombolo yentsimbi, inombolo yesithando somlilo kunye nenombolo yebhetshi, kwaye ibe nezatifikethi zokwakheka kweekhemikhali kunye neempawu zoomatshini. Xa iziqwenga zezinto zovavanyo isampuli iziphumo isampuli isalathiso yokusebenza koomatshini akafanelekanga, kufuneka athathe kabini isixa isampuli udliwano-ndlebe lwesibini, ukuba kusekho a, le bhetshi iinxalenye kufuneka unyango ubushushu kwakhona, phambi kokuba okwesibini- iindlela iimviwo ngeenxa zonke ezifana unyango ubushushu kwakhona inani hayi ngaphezulu kwamaxesha amabini (kungabandakanyi inani tempering), * * * udliwano-ndlebe yesibini ukuba kusekho isampuli, Le bhetshi yezinto ayikwazi ukusetyenziswa.
Uqhagamshelo oluphezulu: Uluhlu lwesicelo kunye neemfuno zobugcisa zeevalvu zesikhululo samandla (1)
7 Ukuhlolwa novavanyo
7.1 Ukuhlolwa kwezinto
7.1.1 Izinto ezisetyenziselwa iivalvu ziya kuba nezatifikethi zemathiriyeli yokufaneleka okanye izatifikethi ezifanelekileyo: imathiriyeli yesinyithi iya kuphawulwa ngenombolo yentsimbi, inombolo yesithando somlilo kunye nenombolo yebhetshi, kwaye iya kuba nezatifikethi zokwakheka kweekhemikhali kunye nezatifikethi zeempawu zemishini.
7.1.2 Iimathiriyeli zeendawo zokuthwala ziyakwenziwa isampuli phambi kokugcinwa. Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali kuya kuthatyathwa ngokweziko lokunyibilika, kwaye iimpawu zomatshini ziya kuthatyathwa ngokwebhetshi yonyango lobushushu. Iziphumo zovavanyo ziya kuhlangabezana namalungiselelo emigangatho yezinto ezihambelanayo.
7.1.3 xa iziqwenga ezivalelekileyo zeziphumo zokuhlolwa kwesampulu yisampulu yesalathiso sokusebenza komatshini asifaneleki, kufuneka sithathe kabini isixa sesampulu udliwano-ndlebe lwesibini, ukuba kusekho, le bhetshi yamacandelo kufuneka ibe unyango lobushushu kwakhona, ngaphambi iindlela zeemviwo zomjikelo wesibini ezifana unyango ubushushu kwakhona inani hayi ngaphezulu kwamaxesha amabini (kungabandakanyi inani tempering), * * * udliwano-ndlebe lwesibini ukuba kusekho isampuli, Le bhetshi yezinto ayikwazi ukusetyenziswa. Xa isalathiso sokwakheka kweekhemikhali sesampulu singafanelekanga kodwa isalathisi sepropathi yomatshini wesampulu sifanelekile kwiziphumo zokuhlolwa kwesampulu, imilinganiselo yokulahla iya kugqitywa ngokwemeko ethile okanye izibonelelo zekhontrakthi yokuthenga izinto eziphathekayo.
7.2 Ukuhlolwa komgangatho wembonakalo
7.2.1 Umgangatho wokubonakala kweengxenye zentsimbi ye-valve iya kuhambelana ne-JB/T 7927-1999.
7.2.2 Ukunyamezela kwe-dimensional of casting kuya kuhambelana namalungiselelo e-GB/T 6414-1999, kodwa ubukhulu bodonga lwenxalenye ephetheyo yokuphosa abuyi kuba nokutenxa okungalunganga: isikhuphukeli sokuphosa siya kususwa ngokwegesi emiselweyo. inkqubo yokusika, kunye nokuphakama okushiyekileyo emva kokususwa akusayi kudlula amalungiselelo kwiThebhile 1.
Itheyibhile 1 Ubude obushiyekileyo bentsimbi ekhutshiweyo emva kokuphosa ukususa isikhuphukeli seyunithi mm
7.2.3 Isikhuphukeli sokugalela sinokugudiswa ngoomatshini bomatshini. Xa ikwisiphambano see-arcs ezijikelezayo kwindawo yokujikeleza, inokucolwa ngevili lokusila kunye nokutshintsha ngokutyibilikayo nomphezulu womzimba. Emva kokuphelisa i-casting riser, isanti kunye nesanti engundoqo, unyango lobushushu kufuneka luqhutywe ngokwenkqubo. Emva kokunyanga ubushushu, ukuqhuma isanti kufuneka kwenziwe ukuphelisa ulusu oluxutywe ne-oxidized, isanti encangathi kunye ne-burr.
7.2.4 Iinlays (intsimbi ebandayo, inkxaso engundoqo, njl.njl.) azivumelekanga kwiindawo ezithwele intsimbi.
7.2.5 Umjelo wokuwelda womzimba wevalvu, indawo yokuwelda yesitulo sevalvu, indawo yokudibanisa phakathi kwevalve yomzimba kunye neringi emhlophe yokutywina, kunye nendawo yokudibanisa nomphezulu we-screw womzimba wevalve ayivumelekanga ukuba ibekho. isiphene.
7.2.6 Ukwenziwa kwentsimbi akuyi kuba neziphene ezifana nemingxuma, imingxunya eshwabeneyo, ukushwabana kwe-porosity, isanti kunye neentanda.
7.2.7 Umphandle wangaphandle we-forgings awuvumelekanga ukuba ube neentanda, ukugoba, amanxeba okukhwabanisa, amanqaku, ukufakwa kwe-slag kunye nezinye iziphene. Ukuze kuqhutywe umphezulu, njengeziphene ezingentla kodwa zingasuswanga ngokupheleleyo emva kokucubungula, kuphela emva kokuvunyelwa kwesebe lobugcisa, kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa.
7.3 Ukufunyanwa kweRay
7.3.1 Amacandelo okuchongwa
7.3.1.1 Ukuhlolwa kwemitha kuya kwenziwa kumjelo womzimba weentsimbi ezigalelwe imibhobho edibana nayo nayiphi na le miqathango ilandelayo. Uluhlu lokungena luyi-1.5T ~ 50mm ukusuka ekupheleni kobuso be-groove, kwaye amaxabiso amabini amancinci, njengoko kuboniswe kwi-FIG. 1
A) Imibhobho enobubanzi obungaphandle obungaphezulu kwe-426mm(umbhobho wamanzi mkhulu kuno-273mm) kunye nobukhulu bodonga obungaphezulu kwe-20mm;
B) Imibhobho enobukhulu bodonga obungaphezulu kwe-40mm(umbhobho wamanzi mkhulu kune-30mm) kunye nedayamitha yangaphandle engaphezu kwe-159mm.
1 - umzimba; 2 - umbhobho.
DW - ngaphandle kwedayimitha yombhobho; T - ubukhulu bodonga lombhobho oqhagamshelwe kwivalve.
IKHIWANE. 1 Uluhlu lokungena
7.3.1.2 I-butt yevalve.
7.3.1.3 Ukulungisa iindawo eziza kuhlolwa imitha emva kwe-welding.
7.3.2 Ixesha lokuchongwa, indlela kunye nomgangatho wokwamkelwa
7.3.2.1 Ukufunyaniswa kwemitha yegroove ngokuqhelekileyo kuqhutywa phambi kokulungiswa komsele.
7.3.2.2 Indlela yokuhlola i-X-ray ye-valve groove kunye nokulungiswa kwe-welding inxalenye yensimbi etyhidiweyo iya kuhambelana namalungiselelo eBanga A kwi-GB / T 5677-1985. I-valve butt welds iya kwenziwa nge-radiographed ngokuhambelana ne-GB / T 3323-1987 Iklasi ye-AB.
7.3.2.3 I-valve groove kunye nokulungiswa kweentsimbi ze-welding ye-cast steel parts ziya kuvavanywa ngokwe-GB / T 5677-1985 kwaye zifaneleke kwinqanaba lesithathu. I-valve butt welds iya kuvavanywa ngokwe-GB/T 3323-1987, iBanga lesi-2 lifanelekile.
7.4 Isuntswana lemagnethi okanye ukubonwa kokugqobhoza
7.4.1 Amalungu okukhangela
7.4.1.1 Umphezulu wokwahlulahlula, isikhuphukeli sokuphosa, ugxininiso loxinzelelo, ukuhlangana kwemiphezulu eyahlukeneyo kunye namalungu anobuthandabuza kumgangatho womzimba wevalvu yentsimbi yealloyi.
7.4.1.2 Umphezulu we-groove wentsimbi ye-alloy cast iron valve body.
7.4.1.3 I-Fillet weld kwindawo ethwele ivalve.
7.4.1.4 Amalungu eqokobhe kunye namanye amalungu afuna umgubo wemagnethi okanye uhlolo lokungena emva kwewelding.
7.4.1.5 Ukutywinwa kobuso bevalve yomphunga kunye noxinzelelo lwegama PN≥MPa okanye ubushushu obusebenzayo T ≥450℃. Inani leesampuli ezivavanyiweyo kwibhetshi nganye yeevalvu zezi:
A) Kwi-DN≥50mm, iya kuba yi-100% yenani lilonke leevalvu kule bhetshi.
B) I-DN 7.4.2 Ixesha lovavanyo, indlela kunye nomgangatho wokwamkelwa
7.4.2.1 Ukuze iinxalenye zenziwe, uhlolo lwemagnethi okanye ukungena kuya kwenziwa emva komatshini wokugqibela.
7.4.2.2 Indlela yokukhangela i-particle magnetic iya kuhambelana nemimiselo efanelekileyo ye-GB / T 9444-1988. Indlela yokuvavanya ukungena iya kuhambelana nemimiselo efanelekileyo ye-GB / T 9443-1988.
7.4.2.3 Amalungu afuna umgubo wemagnethi okanye uvavanyo lokungena kunye nomphezulu wokutywina wevalvu iya kuvavanywa kwaye yamkelwe ngokwemigangatho ehambelanayo echazwe kwi-7.4.2.2 yalo mgangatho, kwaye inqanaba lesithathu liya kuba nesiqinisekiso.
7.5 Ukuhlolwa kweNdibano nokusebenza
7.5.1 Zonke iindawo zesivalo ziya kuhlolwa lisebe lokuhlola umgangatho phambi kokudibanisa, kwaye iindawo ezingafanelekanga aziyi kuhlanganiswa. Iingxenye zentsimbi ye-alloy ziya kujongwa ngokubonakalayo kwaye zimakishwe nge-100% ukuqinisekisa ukuba azibhideki kunye neengxenye zezinye izinto.
7.5.2 Umphezulu wokutywina uya kuqinisekiswa ukuba unobulukhuni obaneleyo ngokomzobo woyilo okanye ubone iSihlomelo D. Umphezulu wokutywina emva kokusila awuvumelekanga ukuba ube neentanda, ukudakumba, iipores, amabala, imikrwelo, iziqhulo kunye nezinye iziphene. Umphezulu wokutywina kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba i-radial anastomosis ayikho ngaphantsi kwe-80%
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-26-2022
