Chiyero cheKushandisa uye Unyanzvi zvinodiwa zvemagetsi chiteshi mavharuvhu (2)

Chiyero cheKushandisa uye Unyanzvi zvinodiwa zvemagetsi chiteshi mavharuvhu (2)

Valve inowanzosangana nekukundikana kwe10 mazano anobatsira, pasi apa tichataura zvakadzama.
1 Sei vharuvhu yekucheka ichifanira kunge yakavharwa zvakasimba sezvinobvira?
Cheka vharafu leakage zvinodiwa zvakaderera sezvinobvira, nyoro chisimbiso vharafu leakage yakaderera, cheka mhedzisiro hongu, asi kwete kupfeka kuramba, kusavimbika. Kubva pakudonhedza uye kudiki, kuvharika uye kuvimbika kaviri mwero, zvinyoro zvisimbiso zvakachekwa zviri nani pane chakaoma chisimbiso chakagurwa. Zvakadai sekuzara-kushanda kwe-ultra-light regulating valve, yakavharwa uye yakarongedzwa ne-wear-resistant alloy protection, kuvimbika kwepamusoro, kudonha kwehuwandu hwe10-7, yakakwanisa kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvevhavha yakachekwa.
2. Sei vharuvhu yekuvharisa kaviri isingagone kushandiswa sevharuvhu yekucheka?
Kubatsira kwevaviri-seat valve spool ndiyo simba rekuenzanisa chimiro, ichibvumira mutsauko wakakura wekumanikidza, uye chakashata chayo ndechekuti nzvimbo mbiri dzekuisa chisimbiso hadzigone kubatana kwakanaka panguva imwe chete, zvichikonzera kuvuza kukuru. Kana iyo yakagadzirwa uye yakashandiswa nechisimba kugura chiitiko, zviri pachena kuti mugumisiro wacho hauna kunaka, kunyange kana wakagadzirisa zvakawanda (zvakadai sevhavha yevhavha yevhavha yechisimbiso), haisi kudiwa.
3. Sei zviri nyore kubvongodza kana vharafu ine zvigaro zviviri yakavhurika diki?
Kune imwechete core, kana yepakati ichiyerera yakavhurika mhando, iyo vharafu kugadzikana kwakanaka; Kana iyo yepakati ichiyerera yakavharwa, kugadzikana kwevhavha kwakashata. Ivhavha yechigaro chechipiri ine spool mbiri, spool yepasi iri mukuyerera yakavharwa, spool yepamusoro iri mukuyerera yakazaruka, saka, mubasa diki rekuvhura, kuyerera kwakavharwa mhando spool iri nyore kukonzera kudengenyeka kwevhavha, izvi ndicho chikonzero nei vharuvhu yezvigaro zviviri isingakwanise kushandiswa padiki rekuvhura basa.
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Straight stroke valve spool iri vertical throttling, uye yepakati yakachinjika kuyerera ichipinda nekubuda mukamuri yevharuvhu inoyerera chiteshi inofanira kudzokera kumashure, kuitira kuti nzira yekuyerera yevharuvhu ive yakaoma kwazvo (chimiro senge inverted "S" mhando). Nenzira iyi, kune nzvimbo dzakawanda dzakafa, dzinopa nzvimbo yekunaya kwepakati, uye nekufamba kwenguva, inokonzera kuvhara. Marongero eAngle stroke valve throttling ndiyo nzira yakachinjika, yepakati inoyerera ichipinda nekubuda yakachinjika, uye zviri nyore kubvisa svikiro. Panguva imwecheteyo, nzira yekuyerera iri nyore, uye nzvimbo yepakati yekunaya ishoma, saka iyo Angle stroke valve ine yakanaka yekuvharira kuita.
5, nei yakatwasuka sitiroko yekudzora vharafu hunde yakatetepa?
Straight sitiroko inodzora vharafu inosanganisira yakapfava mechanical musimboti: hombe kutsvedza kukwesha, kudiki kukunguruka. Straight sitiroko vharafu hunde kumusoro uye pasi kufamba, kurongedza zvishoma akatsikirirwa zvishoma, zvichaita kuisa vharafu hunde akaputirwa zvakasimba, kubudisa yakakura musana musiyano. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, chidzitiro chevhavha chakagadzirirwa kuva chiduku zvikuru, uye kurongedza kunowanzoshandiswa nekadiki kadiki ye friction PTFE packing, kuitira kuti kuderedza kuseri kwemashure, asi dambudziko nderokuti tsinde yevhavha yakaonda, iri nyore kukotama. , uye hupenyu hwekurongedza hupfupi. Kugadzirisa dambudziko iri, nzira iri nani ndeye kushandisa tsinde yevhavha yekufamba, iyo inonzi Angle stroke type yevhavha inoronga, tsinde yevharuvhu yayo ndeye 2 ~ 3 nguva yakakora kupfuura yakatwasuka sitiroko valve stem, uye kusarudzwa kwehupenyu hurefu graphite filler. , kuoma kwedzinde kwakanaka, kurongedza hupenyu hwakareba, iyo friction torque idiki, diki kudzoka musiyano.
6. Sei kuchekwa kwekudzvanya musiyano weAngle stroke valve yakakura?
Angle sitiroko yerudzi rwevharuvhu yakagurwa kudzvanywa musiyano yakakura, nekuti yepakati mune spool kana vharafu ndiro inokonzeresa simba pane inotenderera shaft torque idiki kwazvo, saka, inogona kumirisana nekumanikidza kukuru mutsauko.
7. Sei vharuvhu yesleeve yakatsiva vharuvhu yechigaro chimwe nembiri asi isina kuzadzisa chinangwa chayo?
Iyo sleeve valve, iyo yakabuda muma1960s, yakashandiswa zvakanyanya kumba nekune dzimwe nyika muma1970. Muchigadzirwa chepetrochemical chakaunzwa muma1980, vharafu yesleeve yakaverengera reshiyo huru. Panguva iyoyo, vanhu vazhinji vaitenda kuti vharafu inogona kutsiva imwe uye kaviri chigaro vharafu uye ive yechipiri chizvarwa chezvigadzirwa. Nhasi, izvi hazvisizvo, vharafu yechigaro chimwe chete, vheji yechigaro chechipiri, sleeve valve inoshandiswa zvakaenzana. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti sleeve valve inongovandudza throttling fomu, kugadzikana uye kugadzirisa zvirinani pane imwe chigaro vharafu, asi huremu hwayo, kuvharira uye kudonha zviratidzo zvinopindirana neiyo imwechete uye kaviri chigaro vharafu, ingaite sei kutsiva imwechete uye kaviri chigaro vharafu. ? Saka, inofanira kugoverwa.
8. Sei hupenyu hwesevhisi hwemvura inobvisa munyu hwakaiswa rubber butterfly valve uye fluorine lined diaphragm valve ipfupi?
Desalting yemvura yepakati ine yakaderera kusanganiswa kweasidhi kana alkali, ivo vane corrosion yakakura kune rabha. Kuora kwerabha kunoratidzwa nekuwedzera, kukwegura uye kuderera kwesimba. Iko kushandiswa kwevhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhafavorwa nediaphragm yakavharwa nerabha haina kunaka. Chinokosha ndechekuti rabha haidzivirirwe nekuora. Mushure mekunge rubber lining diaphragm valve yavandudzwa kusvika pakudzivirirwa kwekuora kwefluorine lined diaphragm valve, asi diaphragm yefluorine yakavharidzirwa diaphragm valve haigoni kusimuka uye pasi ichipeta uye yakatyoka, zvichikonzera kukanganisa kwemagetsi, hupenyu hwevhavha hupfupi. Iye zvino nzira iri nani ndeyokushandisa mvura kurapa valve yebhora, inogona kushandiswa kwemakore mashanu kusvika ku8.
9, nei mune pneumatic valve piston actuator kushandiswa kuchave kwakawedzera?
Kune pneumatic valve, iyo piston actuator inogona kushandisa zvizere mweya wemhepo kumanikidza, saizi ye actuator idiki pane iyo firimu, iyo inosimudzira yakakura, iyo O-ring mupiston inovimbika kupfuura iyo firimu, saka ichaita. kushandiswa zvakanyanya uye zvakanyanya.
10. Sei kusarudza kuchikosha kupfuura kuverenga?
Kuverenga uye kusarudzwa zvichienzaniswa, kusarudzwa kwakakosha zvakanyanya, zvakanyanya kuoma. Nekuti iyo kuverenga ingori nyore formula yekuverenga, haibvi pakurongeka kweformula pachayo, asi nekurongeka kweiyo yakapihwa maitiro paramita. Kusarudzwa kunosanganisira zvakawanda zvemukati, kusava nehanya zvishoma, kuchaita kuti kusarudzwa kusina kunaka, kwete kungokonzera kuparara kwevashandi, zvinhu zvehupfumi, mari, uye kushandiswa kwemigumisiro haina kunaka, kuunza matambudziko akawanda ekushandisa, akadai sekuvimbika. , hupenyu, hutano hwekushanda, nezvimwe.
Chiyero chekushandisa uye tekinoroji zvinodiwa zvemagetsi chiteshi mavharuvhu (II) Zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa kumavharuvhu zvichange zvine zvitupa zvehunhu kana zvitupa zvakakodzera: simbi yesimbi ichanyorwa nenhamba yesimbi, nhamba yechoto uye nhamba yebatch, uye iine makemikari ekuumbwa uye mechaniki zvitupa zvitupa. Kana zvakavharirwa zvimedu zvesampling yekuongorora mhedzisiro iri sampuli yemuchina wekuita indekisi isina kukodzera, inofanira kutora kaviri huwandu hwesample kubvunzurudzwa kwechipiri, kana ichiripo, iyi batch yezvikamu inofanira kuve yekupisa kurapwa zvakare, pamberi pechipiri- nzira dzebvunzo dzakatenderedza dzakadai sekurapa kupisa zvakare nhamba isingapfuure kaviri (kusingasanganisi nhamba yekupisa), * * * bvunzurudzo yechipiri kana pachine sampuli, Batch iyi yemidziyo haigone kushandiswa.
Kubatana kwepamusoro: Rudzi rwekushandisa uye tekinoroji zvinodiwa zvemagetsi chiteshi mavharuvhu (1)
7 Kuongorora uye bvunzo
7.1 Kuongorora Kwezvinhu
7.1.1 Zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa pamavharuvhu zvichange zvine zvitupa zvehunhu kana zvitupa zvakakodzera: zvinhu zvesimbi zvichange zvichinyorwa nenhamba yesimbi, nhamba yevira nenhamba yebatch, uye ichava nemakemikari ekuumbwa uye mechanical zvitupa.
7.1.2 Zvishandiso zvezvikamu zvinotakura zvinofanirwa kuyerwa zvisati zvachengetwa. Iyo kemikari inoumbwa ichaitwa sampuli zvinoenderana nechoto chinonyunguduka, uye iyo mechaniki zvivakwa ichaitwa sampled zvinoenderana nebatch yekupisa kupisa. Mhedzisiro yebvunzo ichasangana nezvipikirwa zvezviyero zvinoenderana.
7.1.3 kana zvimedu zvakavharirwa zvezvinhu zvesampling yekuongorora mhedzisiro iri sampuli ye mechanical performance index isingakodzeri, inofanira kutora kaviri chiyero chemuenzaniso mubvunzurudzo wechipiri, kana ichiripo, iyi batch yezvikamu inofanira kunge ichipisa kurapwa zvakare, zvisati zvaitika. nzira dzebvunzo dzechipiri-dzechipiri dzakadai sekupisa kupisa zvakare nhamba isingasviki kaviri (kwete kusanganisira nhamba yekupisa), * * * kubvunzurudzwa kwechipiri kana kuchine muenzaniso, Iri batch rezvinhu hazvigone kushandiswa. Kana iyo kemikari yekuumbwa indekisi yesampuli isingakodzeri asi iyo mechaniki yezvivakwa indekisi yesample inokodzera mumhedzisiro yekuongorora sampling, matanho ekurasa anozosarudzwa zvichienderana nemamiriro chaiwo kana kupihwa kwechibvumirano chekutenga zvinhu.
7.2 Kuongororwa kwehutano hwekuonekwa
7.2.1 Kutaridzika kwemhando yezvikamu zvesimbi zvekukanda valve zvichaenderana neJB/T 7927-1999.
7.2.2 Kushivirira kwedimensional yekukandira kuchaenderana nezvinodiwa zveGB/T 6414-1999, asi ukobvu hwemadziro echikamu chinotakura chekukanda hachizove nekutsauka kwakashata: inosimuka yekukanda ichabviswa zvinoenderana neyakatemwa gasi. nzira yekucheka, uye kureba kwasara mushure mekubviswa hakuzopfuure zvakapihwa muTebhura 1.
Tafura 1 Yakasara kureba kwesimbi yakakandwa mushure mekukandira riser yekubvisa Unit mm
7.2.3 Chisimudzo chinodururira chinogona kupfaviswa nemichina. Kana iri pamharadzano yedenderedzwa arcs panzvimbo yekutenderera, inogona kukwenenzverwa nekukuya vhiri uye kuchinjika zvakanaka nepamusoro pemuviri. Mushure mekubvisa kukanda riser, succulent uye core jecha, kurapwa kwekupisa kunofanirwa kuitwa zvinoenderana nemaitiro. Mushure mekupisa kupisa, kuputika kwejecha kunofanira kuitwa kubvisa ganda rakasvibiswa, jecha rinonamatira uye burr.
7.2.4 Inlays (simbi inotonhora, core support, etc.) haibvumirwi mumatare akaumbwa anotakura zvikamu.
7.2.5 Mugero wesimbi wevharuvhu, nzvimbo yevharuvhu yekubatira, nzvimbo yekubatanidza pakati pemuviri wevharuvhu nemhete chena, uye nzvimbo yekubatanidza nescrew shinda yemuviri wevharuvhu hazvibvumidzwe kuva. defective.
7.2.6 Simbi inokandwa haizove nekuremara semaburi, maburi anopwanyika, kupera simba, jecha uye makatsemuka.
7.2.7 Nzvimbo yekunze yekugadzira haibvumirwi kuva nekutsemuka, kupeta, maronda ekugadzira, mavanga, kuiswa kwe slag nezvimwe zvikanganiso. Kuti nzvimbo yacho igadziriswe, yakadai seyakanganisirwa pamusoro asi isina kubviswa zvachose mushure mekugadzirisa, chete mushure mekubvumirwa kwedhipatimendi rekugadzira, inobvumirwa kushandisa.
7.3 Ray Kuonekwa
7.3.1 Zvikamu zvekuona
7.3.1.1 Kuongorora kwerayi kuchaitwa pamukoto wesimbi wesimbi yakakandwa pamapaipi inosangana nechero ipi yezvipimo zvinotevera. Uwandu hwekupinda ndeye 1.5T ~ 50mm kubva kumagumo echiso chegorofu, uye maitiro maviri ari madiki, sezvakaratidzwa muFIG. 1
A) Mapombi ane dhayamita rekunze rakakura kupfuura 426mm(pombi yemvura yakakura kupfuura 273mm) uye kukora kwemadziro kunodarika 20mm;
B) Mapombi ane kukora kwemadziro makuru kupfuura 40mm(pombi yemvura yakakura kupfuura 30mm) uye dhayamita rekunze rakakura kupfuura 159mm.
1 - muviri; 2 – pombi.
DW - kunze kwedhayamita yepombi; T - kukora kwemadziro epombi yakabatana nevharuvhu.
FIG. 1 Range yekupinda
7.3.1.2 Weld yemagaro evharuvhu.
7.3.1.3 Gadzirisa mapatsi anofanirwa kuongororwa nemwaranzi mushure mekunama.
7.3.2 Nguva yekuonekwa, nzira uye chiyero chekugamuchira
7.3.2.1 Kuonekwa kwemwaranzi kwegorofu kunowanzoitwa pamberi pekugadziriswa kwegorofu.
7.3.2.2 Iyo X-ray yekuongorora nzira yevhavha groove uye kugadzirisa welding chikamu chesimbi yakakandwa ichaenderana nezvinodiwa zveGiredhi A muGB/T 5677-1985. Valve butt welds ichaitwa radiographed zvinoenderana neGB/T 3323-1987 Kirasi AB.
7.3.2.3 Valve groove uye kugadzirisa welding zvikamu zvezvikamu zvesimbi zvakakandwa zvichaongororwa maererano neGB / T 5677-1985 uye zvinokodzera muzinga rechitatu. Valve butt welds ichaongororwa zvinoenderana neGB/T 3323-1987, Giredhi 2 inokwanisa.
7.4 Magnetic particle kana kuonekwa kwepermeation
7.4.1 Zvikamu zvekuona
7.4.1.1 Pakakamura, chinosimudzwa chinosimudzwa, kudzikamisa pfungwa, mharadzano yenzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana uye zvikamu zvine kusahadzika pamhando yemuviri wevharuvhu yesimbi.
7.4.1.2 Groove pamusoro pearoyi simbi yakakanda simbi valve muviri.
7.4.1.3 Fillet weld pane inotakura chikamu chevhavha.
7.4.1.4 Zvikamu zvegoko uye zvimwe zvikamu zvinoda magineti poda kana kuongororwa kwekupinda mushure mewelding.
7.4.1.5 Kuvhara kumeso kwevharuvhu yemhepo ine simba rezita PN≥MPa kana tembiricha yekushanda T ≥450℃. Huwandu hwemasampuli akaedzwa mubatch yega yega mavharuvhu ndeiyi:
A) Kune DN≥50mm, ichave 100% yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemavharuvhu mubatch iri.
B) DN 7.4.2 Nguva yekuyedza, nzira uye mwero wekugamuchira
7.4.2.1 Kuti zvikamu zvigadziriswe, magineti particle kana kuongorora kwekupinda kuchaitwa mushure mekupedzisira machining.
7.4.2.2 Magnetic particle yekuona nzira ichaenderana nezvinodiwa zveGB/T 9444-1988. Iyo yekupinda bvunzo nzira ichaenderana nezvakakodzera zvinopihwa zveGB/T 9443-1988.
7.4.2.3 Zvikamu zvinoda magnetic powder kana kuedza kupinda mukati uye kuvhara pamusoro pevhavha ichaongororwa uye inogamuchirwa maererano nemitemo inoenderana ne7.4.2.2 yechiyero ichi, uye chikamu chechitatu chichave chakakodzera.
7.5 Gungano uye kuongororwa kwekuita
7.5.1 Zvose zvikamu zvevhavha zvichaongororwa nedhipatimendi rekuongorora kwehutano pamberi pegungano, uye zvikamu zvisina kukodzera hazvigoni kuunganidzwa. Alloy simbi zvikamu zvichave 100% zvakatariswa zvakatariswa uye zvakamakwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti hazvina kuvhiringwa nezvikamu zvezvimwe zvinhu.
7.5.2 Nzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso ichavimbiswa kuva nekuoma kwakakwana maererano nemufananidzo wekugadzira kana kuona Appendix D. Chisimbiso chepamusoro mushure mekuya hachibvumirwi kuva nekuputika, kuora mwoyo, pores, mavara, scratches, nick nezvimwe zvikanganiso. Iyo yekuisa chisimbiso inofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti radial anastomosis haisi pasi pe80%