Ivalve yenaliti yentsimbi echanekileyo yivalve eguquguqukayo ivelufa yendalo yonke yekhabhoni eyenza iimeko zobugcisa
Kutheni ivalve yenaliti iyivalve enokuthi ihlengahlengiswe, kuba i-spool yevalve yenaliti iyikhowuni ebukhali kakhulu, njengenaliti efakwe kwisihlalo, kungoko igama. Inoluhlu olubanzi losetyenziso, olunjengomgama wokusika ukusika idangatye, ukulungelelanisa iqhosha lobushushu lomlilo yivalve yenaliti.
Ivalve yenaliti yentsimbi echanekileyo echanekileyo isebenza kakuhle. Indlela yokuhamba yevalve yenaliti iqonde ngqo kwifom, ukwenzela ukuba ukuhamba kwe-medium kungasadingeki ukujika, kumlinganiselo omkhulu kuncitshiswe ukuba nokwenzeka kokubekwa okuphakathi. Ngoko ke, ifanelekile kakhulu kwi-viscosity ephezulu, ukumiswa, i-pulp kunye nezinye iindawo zeendaba ezingacocekanga.
Ivalve yenaliti yentsimbi echanekileyo 2 umsebenzi omkhulu:
1. Ukusika ukusebenza: Ukusebenza kakuhle kokusika kwe-valve yenaliti. Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwi-valve yenaliti kukuba uqhagamshelwano phakathi kwe-spool ye-spherical kunye ne-atcline seat ikwifom yoqhagamshelwano, okunciphisa indawo yokudibanisa kunye nokunciphisa izinga lokuvuza kwevalve. Okwesibini kukuthatha imilinganiselo ye-lining, efana ne-lining lead, i-aluminium ye-lining, iiplastiki zobunjineli be-lining, i-rubber yendalo yokugqoka kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokukhetha irabha yokwenziwa.
I-2, ukusebenza okuchasene ne-corrosion: i-valve yensimbi engenastainless yevalve umzimba wokuqala wokuthintela umhlwa, ngokukodwa ukhetho oluchanekileyo lwezixhobo. Nangona ulwazi malunga nokuthintela ukubola lucebile kakhulu, akulula ukukhetha okulungileyo, kuba ingxaki yokubola inzima kakhulu. Ubunzima bokukhetha izinto eziphathekayo ze-valve kukuba ayikwazi ukuqwalasela ingxaki ye-corrosion kuphela, kodwa kufuneka iqwalasele uxinzelelo kunye nokumelana nokushisa, nokuba uqoqosho lunengqiqo, nokuba ukuthengwa kulula kunye nezinye izinto.
Amanqaku evalufa yenaliti ukuze aqwalaselwe: [Indlela yofakelo: ukunyuswa kwecala okanye ukunyuswa okuphezulu ngokuzikhethela]
Ivalve yesivalo senaliti yokulungelelaniswa kufuneka ihlolwe phambi kofakelo, iplate yevalvu kufuneka ihambelane nomgangatho wangoku wesizwe "I-Universal Valve Mark" GB 12220 amalungiselelo. Kwi-valve esebenza ngoxinzelelo olukhulu kune-1.0MPa kwaye idlala indima yokusika kumbhobho oyintloko, amandla kunye novavanyo oluqinileyo kufuneka lwenziwe ngaphambi kokufakwa, kwaye i-valve efanelekayo ingasetyenziswa. Uvavanyo lwamandla, uxinzelelo lovavanyo luyi-1.5 amaxesha oxinzelelo oluncinci, ubude bexesha alikho ngaphantsi kwe-5min, igobolondo yevalve, ukupakisha kufuneka ifaneleke ngaphandle kokuvuza. Uvavanyo lokuqina, uxinzelelo lovavanyo ngamaxesha e-1.1 yoxinzelelo lwegama; Ubude bexesha lovavanyo luyahlangabezana neemfuno ze-GB 50243.
Ubungakanani besicelo: uhlobo oluqhelekileyo: lufanelekile kuxinzelelo oluphantsi kunye noluphakathi, akukho mfuneko ye-anticorrosion yeempawu zohlobo lwe-vacuum: ilungele ubushushu, ubushushu obuphezulu, obuphantsi, obuphakathi kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu, akukho mfuneko ikhethekileyo ye-anticorrosion ngexesha lokuthintela iqabaka.
Iimeko zobugcisa carbon steel forgings yevalvu jikelele (ezimbini) Iziko ngalinye forgings ubushushu kufuneka uvavanyo tensile, ukuba eziko efanayo forgings unyango ubushushu ziquka amanani ngaphezu ezimbini rolling eziko, inombolo eziko ngalinye rolling kufuneka ibe uvavanyo tensile. Ukuba i-forgings incinci kakhulu, akunakwenzeka ukwenza iibhloko zovavanyo ezincinci zovavanyo lwe-tensile kwi-forgings okanye ukuthatha zonke iibhloko zovavanyo ezihambelana nesikhokelo soguquko oluphambili, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuseta iseti yeebhloko zovavanyo oluphezulu. ke i-1% yebhetshi okanye iziqwenga ezili-10 (thatha ixabiso elincinci) inokutsalwa uvavanyo lobulukhuni. Uvavanyo loxinzelelo luya kwenziwa emva kwe-NDT kwaye luya kuqhutywa piece by piece. Iyunithi yokukhohlisa iya kuba noxanduva lomgangatho weemvavanyo zokuvavanya.
Uqhagamshelo: ivalve jikelele carbon steel forgings iimeko zobugcisa (I)
Indlela yovavanyo
Uvavanyo lwe-tensile
Nganye ifogi yonyango lobushushu iya kufakwa kuvavanyo lwe-tensile. Ukuba i-forgings kunye nonyango olufanayo lobushushu lubandakanya iinombolo ezingaphezulu kwezimbini zomlilo, inombolo nganye yesithando somlilo iya kufakwa kuvavanyo lwe-tensile.
Ngaphantsi kwemeko yonyango lobushushu obuphakathi, impazamo yobushushu ingaphakathi kwe-14 ℃ yomhlaba, kwaye kukho izixhobo zokurekhoda eziphezulu neziphakamileyo, inombolo yesithando somlilo idityanisiwe, kwaye uvavanyo olunye kuphela olufunekayo.
Indlela yokuvavanya i-tensile iya kwenziwa ngokwemiqathango ye-GB/T 228.
Ukuba i-forgings incinci kakhulu, akunakwenzeka ukwenza ezona bloko zincinci zovavanyo kuvavanyo lwe-tensile kwi-forgings okanye ukuthatha zonke iibhloko zovavanyo ezihambelana nesikhokelo soguquko oluphambili, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuseta iseti yovavanyo oluphezulu lokubumba. iibhloko, ke i-1% yebhetshi okanye iziqwenga ezili-10 (thatha ixabiso elincinci) inokutsalwa uvavanyo lobulukhuni.
Uvavanyo lokuqina
Forgings ubulukhuni uvavanyo indlela ngokwe GB/T 231.1.
Uvavanyo lwempembelelo
Forgings impembelelo uvavanyo indlela ngokwe GB/T 229.
Uvavanyo olungonakalisi
Uvavanyo lwe-ultrasonic kunye neendlela zokuvavanya i-particle magnetic of forgings ziya kwenziwa ngokuhambelana nezibonelelo ze-GB/T4730.
Uvavanyo loxinzelelo
Indlela yovavanyo loxinzelelo lwe-forgings yoxinzelelo iya kwenziwa ngokwe-GB/T 13927.
Uxinzelelo loxinzelelo kufuneka luvavanywe emva komatshini ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba akukho kuvuza.
Umgaqo wokuhlola
Izinto zokuhlolwa kunye nenani lezinto ezifogiweyo kwibakala ngalinye zichazwe kwiThebhile 5.
Itheyibhile 5 Ukuqulunqa izinto zokuhlola
Ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo lweepropati zomatshini azihambelani nemimiselo yeThebhile 4, unyango lobushushu luya kuphinda luphathwe ngokuhambelana ne-3. 3, kwaye ibhloko yesampuli iya kwenziwa ngokuhambelana nemimiselo ye-3.5, kunye novavanyo iya kuqhutywa ngokwezibonelelo ze-5.1. Nangona kunjalo, inani lonyango lokutshisa ngokutsha aliyi kudlula amaxesha amabini.
Uvavanyo loxinzelelo luya kwenziwa emva kwe-NDT kwaye luya kuqhutywa piece by piece. Iyunithi yokukhohlisa iya kuba noxanduva lomgangatho weemvavanyo zokuvavanya.
Imfuno yeodolo
Itheyibhile yoku-odola okanye uluhlu lwemibuzo luya kubandakanya oku kuqulathwe kulandelayo:
a} umzobo wokubumba imveliso, onetheyibhile kunye noburhabaxa, ukunyamezela, inombolo yebakala kunye nezinye iimfuno;
b) Inkqubo yokubumba yomthengisi kunye nomzobo wokubumba (ivunywe ngu-Demander ukuba kuyimfuneko);
c) Unyango lobushushu kunye nezinye iimfuno zinokuxoxwa ngawo omabini amaqela.
d) Iimfuno zokwamkelwa kunye neziqulatho eziza kongezwa.
I-Demander iya kwazisa iyunithi yokukhohlisa ngexesha elichazwe kwikhontrakthi ukuba ifumanisa inkunkuma kwinkqubo yohlalutyo lwemveliso okanye umatshini. Ukuba akukho sibonelelo, asiyi kuba ngaphezu kweentsuku ezingama-30.
Ukukhwabanisa okucetywayo ukuba kucinywe kuya kugcinwa iintsuku ezingama-30 ukususela kumhla wokuthunyelwa kwengxelo yovavanyo, apho iyunithi yokukhohlisa inokucela ukuphinda ihlolwe.
Uphawu kunye nesiqinisekiso somgangatho
Emva kokuba i-forgings iphumelele ukuhlolwa, amanqaku esiqinisekiso kufuneka aqhotyoshelwe. Umxholo wenqaku ubandakanya:
a) Incwadana yefektri okanye ileyibhile yasefektri,
b) Ikhowudi yezinto;
C} ikhowudi yonyango lokushisa;
d) Ixesha lokuvelisa umlomo;
e) Uphawu lomhloli.
Kwizinto zokufota ezinobunzima obuncinci kunye namanqaku anzima, amanqaku angasetyenziselwa endaweni yoko, kodwa amanqaku kufuneka abekwe kwindawo engachaphazeli ukusetyenziswa kwe-forgings.
I-forgings iya kuhanjiswa kunye nesiqinisekiso somgangatho esiqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho we-forging uyahlangabezana neemfuno zalo mgangatho.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-21-2022
