Metal-sealed ball valve harding process Tsananguro pfupi yekuti mavharuvhu ebhora anoputika sei muindasitiri yevharuvhu yegedhi?

Metal-sealed ball valve harding process Tsananguro pfupi yekuti mavharuvhu ebhora anoputika sei muindasitiri yevharuvhu yegedhi?

 
Muzvidyarwa zvemagetsi zvinopisa, petrochemical equipment system software, simba nemakemikari indasitiri yakakwira viscous fluid, ine soot uye yakasimba zvimedu zvekusanganiswa kwemvura, kukora kwakasimba kwemvura uye mamwe midhiya, mavharuvhu ebhora anofanirwa kushandisa simbi yakaoma chisimbiso gedhi valve valve, saka kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakakodzera zvesimbi zvakaoma chisimbiso gedhi vharafu bhora revhavha bhora uye chigaro chekuomesera kwakakosha.
1. Sumo Pfupi
Muzvidyarwa zvemagetsi zvinopisa, petrochemical equipment system software, simba nemakemikari indasitiri yakakwira viscous fluid, ine soot uye yakasimba zvimedu zvekusanganiswa kwemvura, kukora kwakasimba kwemvura uye mamwe midhiya, mavharuvhu ebhora anofanirwa kushandisa simbi yakaoma chisimbiso gedhi valve valve, saka kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakakodzera zvesimbi zvakaoma chisimbiso gedhi vharafu bhora revhavha bhora uye chigaro chekuomesera kwakakosha.
2, simbi zvinhu zvakaoma chisimbiso gedhi vharafu bhora vharafu bhora uye chigaro kuomesa nzira
Parizvino, iyo yakajairwa kuomesa maitiro pamusoro pesimbi yakaoma chisimbiso gedhi vharafu vharafu bhora rinonyanya seinotevera:
(1) Iyo bhora repamusoro pfapfaidzo welding (kana kupfapfaidza welding) simende carbide chishandiso, kuomarara kunogona kusvika kusvika 40HRC, bhora rekupfapfaidza welding cemented carbide tool process yakaoma, kugadzira uye kugadzira kwekugadzira hakuna kukwirira, uye yakakura-chiyero. kupfapfaidza welding iri nyore kugadzira zvikamu deformation, ikozvino bhora pamusoro pekuomesa process application ishoma.
(2) Bhora pamusoro yakaoma oxidation, kuoma kunogona kusvika 60 ~ 65HRC, ukobvu 0.07 ~ 0.10mm, Stainless simbi akaturikidzana yakakwirira kuoma, kupfeka kuramba, ngura kuramba uye anogona nguva dzose kuchengeta pamusoro kupenya, nyore maitiro, yakaderera mutengo. Nekudaro, kuoma kweiyo yakaoma chromium coating ichakurumidza kuderedzwa nekuburitswa kwayo kwekushushikana kwekupisa kana tembiricha yakwira, uye tembiricha yayo yekushandisa haigone kukwira kupfuura 427 ℃. Mukuwedzera, kusanganiswa kwesimbi isina tsvina yakaderera, uye kuvhara kuri nyore kuwira pasi.
(3) Pamusoro pebhora iri plasma nitriding, kuomarara kwepasi kunogona kusvika 60 ~ 65HRC, ukobvu hwenitriding treatment layer ndeye 0.20 ~ 0.40mm, yakaderera tembiricha yeplasma nitriding kurapwa kwakaoma substrate process nekuda kwekusasimba kwayo kusimba, haigone. kushandiswa mumakemikari chirimwa yakasimba etching uye mamwe maindasitiri.
(4) Bhora pamusoro supersonic spraying (HVOF) muitiro, kuoma kwakakwirira zvikuru, anogona kusvika 70 ~ 75HRC, yakakwirira simba, ukobvu 0.3 ~ 0.4mm, supersonic kupfapfaidza ndiyo kiyi nzira bhora pamusoro kuoma. Yakakwira viscous fluid mumagetsi emagetsi anopisa, petrochemical equipment system software, simba uye indasitiri yemakemikari; Uku kuomesa maitiro kunoshandiswa mune yakawanda yemvura inoumbwa, inoparadza zvakanyanya fluid media ine soot uye yakasimba zvimedu.
Iyo supersonic yekupfapfaidza maitiro inzira umo kupisa kwemafuta eokisijeni kunokonzera iyo yakanyanya kudzvanywa gasi kuti ikurumidze kukanganiswa kwehupfu hwehupfu pane workpiece pamusoro pechigadzirwa uye inogadzira yakakwira density yekumusoro kuvharika. Mukubatana kwekubatanidza, nekuti iyo particle inomhanya inokurumidza (500-750m / s) uye tembiricha yakadzikira (-3000 ℃), iyo yekupfeka ine simba rakakura rekubatanidza, yakaderera porosity uye yakaderera simbi oxide hama yemukati inogona kuwanikwa mushure meiyo. kudhumhana pamusoro workpiece pamusoro. Hunhu hweHVOF ndehwekuti chidimbu chinomhanya chealloy poda chinodarika kumhanya kwekunzwika, kunyangwe 2 ~ 3 nguva dzekumhanya kwekunzwika, uye avhareji yekumhanya yedutu kaviri yekumhanya kwekunzwika.
HVOF inyowani yekugadzira uye kugadzira tekinoroji, ukobvu hwependi 0.3 ~ 0.4mm, pakati pekupotera uye workpiece mechanical bonding, yakakwirira bonding simba (77MPa), coating porosity yakaderera ( Spray welding inzira yekupfapfaidza arc pamusoro pesimbi inoumbwa zvinhu. Iri kuburikidza ne pyreogen powder (simbi yehupfu, alloy powder, ceramic powder inogona kuva) kupisa kunyunguduka kana kuita mapurasitiki akakwirira, nechamupupuri kune iyo ichiyerera, yakaunganidzwa pamusoro pechigadzirwa mushure mekurapwa kwekare, ichigadzira jira uye chigadzirwa workpiece. pamusoro (plate) yakasimba fusion coating (welding) layer.
Kupfapfaidza welding uye kupfapfaidza welding hardbase process alloy uye substrate ine kunyunguduka, carbide yekucheka chishandiso uye substrate ine inopisa inonyungudika nzvimbo, kuitira kuti iwane zvizere kupfapfaidza welding kana kupfapfaidza welding carbide yekucheka layer hunhu, kudzivirira mushure mekurapa kunyungudika kunopisa kunyungudika nzvimbo yesimbi yekubata zvinhu. nzvimbo, yakadero kupfapfaidza welding kana kupfapfaidza welding carbide yekucheka mudziyo ukobvu hunofanira kunge hunopfuura 3mm pamusoro.
3. Kuoma kwenzvimbo yekubatanidza yevhavha yevhavha yevhavha yegedhi yakaoma uye chigaro chevhavha inopindirana.
Iyo inotsvedza inosangana pamusoro pezvinhu zvesimbi inoda kuve nehumwe kuoma, zvikasadaro zviri nyore kuburitsa mamiriro erufu. Mumashandisirwo chaiwo, mutsauko wekuoma pakati pevharuvhu bhora uye chigaro chevharuvhu ndeye 5 ~ 10HRC, uye kuomarara kusiyanisa bhora vharafu kunogona kuve nehupenyu hwakanaka hwebasa. Nekuti kugadzirwa kwebhora uye kugadzirisa kwakaoma, mutengo wekugadzira wakakwira, kuitira kuchengetedza bhora hazvisi nyore kukuvadzwa nekukuvadzwa, kazhinji sarudza kuoma kwebhora kwakakwira kupfuura kuoma kwechigaro chepamusoro.
Bhora uye chigaro chevharuvhu chinobata kumeso kuomarara kuri nani kuti marudzi maviri ekuomarara ashande pamwe chete: (1) Valve bhora pamusoro pekuoma 55HRC, vharafu chigaro chepamusoro 45HRC, vharafu bhora repamusoro rinogona kutora supersonic spraying Stelite20 aruminiyamu alloy, vharafu chigaro chepamusoro. inogona kutora spray welding Stellite12 aluminium alloy, kuoma kwekuwirirana isimbi chisimbiso bhora vharafu rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya kuomarara kurongeka, rinogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekukuvadza zvinodiwa zvesimbi yakaoma chisimbiso gedhi vharafu bhora vharafu; Kuoma kwepamusoro kwebhora revharuvhu ndeye 68HRC, pamusoro pechigaro chevharuvhu ndeye 58HRC, pamusoro pevharuvhu bhora rinogona kunge riri subsonic spraying tungsten carbide, pamusoro pechigaro chevharuvhu chinogona kunge chiri supersonic spraying Stelite20 aluminium alloy, kuoma kunoshandiswa nesimba uye. indasitiri yemakemikari, ine yakakwirira kupfeka kuramba uye hupenyu hwebasa.
Kumhiri kwemakungwa, bhora revharuvhu uye chigaro chevharuvhu chepamusoro chinowirirana pamwe nekuoma kwakafanana. Ese bhora revharuvhu uye chigaro chevharuvhu chepamusoro anotora subsonic spraying tungsten carbide process, uye kuoma kwepasi kunodarika 72HRC. Kunyangwe pasi pemamiriro ekuomarara kwakanyanya, bhora revharuvhu nechigaro chevharuvhu zvinobata pamusoro uye hazvisi nyore kuuraya. Asi pari zvino bhora redu revharuvhu richiita kuoma kwepamusoro kweanopfuura 72HRC bhora revhavha, chigaro chevharuvhu hachina kukwana tekinoroji yekukuya, zvakaoma kuona bhora revharuvhu uye chigaro chevhavha kubatirana, application ishoma.
4, yakaoma chisimbiso gedhi vharafu bhora vharafu bhora uye chigaro kuomesa teerera kune dambudziko
Zvigadzirwa zvesimbi yakaoma seal seal gedhi revhavha bhora uye chigaro chevharuvhu zvinowanzo kusarudzwa stainless simbi ndiro kana corrosion resistant materials, zvikasadaro carbide chishandiso uye chigaro chevharuvhu (kana bhora) musanganiswa layer zviri nyore kusvibiswa nezvinhu, zvichikonzera kudonha kwecarbide tool layer. pasi, kukuvadza hupenyu hwebasa revhavha yebhora.
Uye zvakare, zvinoenderana neyakasiyana chigaro chevharuvhu (kana bhora revhavha) zvigadzirwa zvinofanirwa kusarudza yavo yekuomesa maitiro, mumunda wesimba uye indasitiri yemakemikari inoiswa kune mbiri-chikamu simbi simbi, mbiri-chikamu simbi simbi zvinhu zviri nani corrosion resistance. kuneta uye kupfeka ngura maitiro.
Maviri-phase simbi yakabikwa imhando yesimbi ine zvese metallographic chimiro uye austenitic chimiro, iyo microstructure uye austenitic chimiro chinosvika 50%, uye maviri-chikamu mashandiro aripo, maitiro ayo ekuita ese ari maviri akaderera alloy simbi uye 430 simbi isina tsvina. maitiro. Mune 430 simbi isina tsvina maitiro, kana tembiricha iri 400 ~ 500 ℃ siyana, yenguva refu yekupisa yekupisa inoburitsa kumwe kuchembera, mamiriro aya anowanzo kunzi 475 ℃ kuchembera; Kana tembiricha ichipfuura 400 ~ 500 ℃, hunhu hwemaviri-chikamu simbi inogona kuparadzwa.
Kana kupfapfaidza welding kana kupfapfaidza welding carbide yekucheka maturusi maitiro akashandiswa kune biphase simbi mbishi zvinhu, maitiro ekunyunguduka kwecarbide yekucheka chishandiso uye substrate (ambient tembiricha inowanzopfuura 900 ℃), ichakuvadza alloy kuumbwa kwebiphase simbi mbishi zvinhu. , saka biphase simbi mbishi zvinhu hazvifanirwe kushandisa spray welding (kana spray welding) carbide yekucheka chishandiso kuomesa maitiro. Iyo supersonic yekupfapfaidza maitiro inokodzera kuomarara kwepamusoro maitiro e biphase simbi mbishi zvinhu. Iyo yekuomesa maitiro inofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti alloy inoumbwa yebiphase simbi mbishi zvinhu haigone kukuvadzwa.
5. Mashoko Ekuvhara
Scientific uye inonzwisisika kuomeswa nzira inosarudzirwa bhora uye chigaro chevharuvhu yesimbi yakaoma yakavharwa gedhi vharafu bhora vharafu, iyo inogona kuona zvakananga hupenyu hwebasa uye kuita index yesimbi yakaoma yakavharwa gedhi vharafu, uye zvesainzi uye zvinonzwisisika kuomarara nzira inogona kuderedza mutengo. Nekubuda kwematekinoroji matsva, pachange paine mamwe maitiro ekurapa. Iri idambudziko rakaoma kwazvo kuti kuomeswa kwemaitiro uye kuomarara kwesimbi yakaoma chisimbiso gedhi vharuvhu inobatana pamwe chete. Nokudaro, kutarisisa kwakakwana kunofanira kubhadharwa kune kurongeka kwekugadzirwa, rudzi rwezvinhu, kuomeswa kwemaitiro uye kuoma kwevhavha yevhavha yegedhi yakaoma.
Mavharuvhu ebhora anobuda sei muindasitiri yevharuvhu yegedhi? Mumakore ekuma1950, mavharuvhu ebhora akaonekwa zvishoma nezvishoma mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri kwenyika dzekumadokero. Uye kushandiswa kwayo zvishoma nezvishoma kwakaramba kuchikwira, nevamwe vanoramba vachiita zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuvandudza. Zvino munyika yedu, bhora vharafu kiyi rinoshandiswa mishonga muchina, petroleum kunatsa, hydraulic engineering makemikari zvinomera, simba remagetsi manisipala ouinjiniya mapepa indasitiri simbi zvigadzirwa uye mamwe minda, maindasitiri aya ane nzvimbo inokosha munzanga uye hupfumi budiriro, saka, bhora vharafu. michina yakakosha uye michina mumaindasitiri aya.
Mumakore ekuma1950, mavharuvhu ebhora akaonekwa zvishoma nezvishoma mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri kwenyika dzekumadokero. Uye kushandiswa kwayo zvishoma nezvishoma kwakaramba kuchikwira, nevamwe vanoramba vachiita zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuvandudza. Zvino munyika yedu, bhora vharafu kiyi rinoshandiswa mishonga muchina, petroleum kunatsa, hydraulic engineering makemikari zvinomera, simba remagetsi manisipala ouinjiniya mapepa indasitiri simbi zvigadzirwa uye mamwe minda, maindasitiri aya ane nzvimbo inokosha munzanga uye hupfumi budiriro, saka, bhora vharafu. michina yakakosha uye michina mumaindasitiri aya.
Bhora vharafu nzira yekukunda
Mumunda wemavhavha emagedhi, kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvemavhavha emagedhi. Chikonzero nei mavharuvhu ebhora anogona kumira kunze uye anowanzoshandiswa munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana ndechekuti haagone kutsiviwa pasina zvakanakira. Saka, ndezvipi zvakanakira mavharuvhu ebhora?
Kutanga, vharafu yebhora haigone kufuratirwa mukana ndeyekupfeka kuramba. Zvinoenderana neindasitiri inyanzvi uye tekinoroji yevashandisi yakatsanangurwa sumo, yevhavha yegedhi, kupfeka kuramba ndicho chinhu chakakosha kuyera kunaka kwevhavhavha yegedhi, mhete yerubha yekuisa chisimbiso chevhavhavhavhavhavha yekabhoni simbi spray welding, uye general valve sealing. mhete ipurasitiki kana mamwe alloys, zvakasiyana-siyana hazvisi bhora vharafu kabhoni simbi yakatarisana kupfeka kuramba.
"Sezvatinoziva isu tose, gedhi revhavha ishanduko, inofanirwa kuvhurwa uye kuvharwa panguva imwe chete, asi panguva imwecheteyo, mhete yekuisa chisimbiso ichakuvadzwa zvakanyanya, asi mhete yekuisa chisimbiso yevhavha yebhora haigoneke. mamiriro akadai." Kana iyo indasitiri ichiratidza.
Chechipiri, kuvhara kwevhavha yebhora kwakanaka kwazvo. Maererano nenhamba, kuiswa chisimbiso chevhavha yebhora hakusi nemichina yekukuya, asi nekukuya kwekugadzira, kuve nechokwadi kuti chiyero chekuteerera chakakwirira, saka kuiswa chisimbiso kwakavimbika zvikuru.
Mukuwedzera, hupenyu hwebasa rebhora bhora zvakanyanya kureba. Iri zvakare bhizinesi rekugadzira rekugadzira mutsara michina kutarisisa zvakanyanya.
"Nekuti kudiwa kunowanzo shandiswa munzvimbo dzakawanda dzekugadzirwa kwakakosha, hongu, kana hupenyu hwayo hwesevhisi husina kureba, kazhinji inoda kutsiviwa, inonetsa, zvinotungamira mukukanganisa kwakawanda."
Bhora vharafu modhi yekusarudza hunyanzvi hwekugovana
Bhora vharafu sekuvimba nevhavha chigaro chekuvhara nekuvhara zvikamu, kunaka kwekugadzikana kwemichina kwakakosha. Saka mukusarudza kwemuenzaniso kuenderana nemamwe mashoko, kuitira kuti uwane chaizvo izvo zvinodiwa.
Batanidza kukosha pakusarudzwa kwezvakatemwa. Zvinoenderana nenhamba, bhora vharafu fluid density kazhinji haina hombe, chiteshi chekuchengetedza uye pombi zvakangofanana, saka inogona kushandiswa mune dzimwe nzvimbo kunyanya kutarisisa mamiriro ekushanda echinhu. Paunosarudza rudzi urwu rwevhavha yegedhi, tinofanira kubhadhara kusarudzwa kwezvinyorwa. Izvo zvinotsanangurwa hazvina kufanana nehuremu hwemambure, uye mhedzisiro inogona kuwanikwa haina kufanana.
Kunyatsofunga mutengo. Mukusarudzwa kwemavharuvhu, kunze kwekutenga zvakapoteredza, isu tinofanirawo kutarisisa kune rationality, chero bedzi ichigona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvegaba, haifanirwe kusarudza mikuru mikuru kana mambure akakosha ndiyo yakanyanya kusarudzwa.
Mukuwedzera, mavharuvhu ebhora akagadziriswa akavharwa mavharuvhu makamuri. Kana iyo yakashandiswa mumhepo yakadzika-tembiricha midhiya kana nharaunda dzechisikigo dzinogona kuburitsa vaporization, mavharuvhu emagedhi ane zvigadzirwa zvekuburitsa anofanira kusarudzwa. Kana zvakakodzera, vheji yebhora inoda kuchinjwa kuva dhisiki yevhavha kana vheji yekucheka.
Iyo indasitiri inosimbisa kuti iyi mhando yegedhi vharafu kazhinji inogona kushandiswa pakubvisa pombi pasina bhora chiyero. Kana zvichidikanwa, kusarudzwa kwerudzi urwu rwevharuvhu kunogonawo kusarudzwa maererano nezvinodiwa zvekuvakwa kwenzira yekuchengetedza, iyo inogona kuve nechokwadi kuti inogona kuzadzisa zvido zvenzira dzinoverengeka dzekuchengetedza uye kuderedza nhamba yose yekushandiswa kwevhavha se. kure sezvinobvira.
Zvakakosha kukuyeuchidza kuti kusarudzwa kwemavhavha ebhora kunokoshesawo kusarudzwa kwemhando dzinozivikanwa uye mitengo yavo. Icho chisarudzo chekuchenjera kusarudza iyo inodhura-inoshanda gedhi valve.