Ukukhetha impande ye-valve disc kanye nendlela yokufaka esikhundleni Ukugcinwa kwe-Valve

Ukukhetha impande ye-valve disc kanye nendlela yokufaka esikhundleni Ukugcinwa kwe-Valve

Umsuka we-disc we-valve usetshenziselwa ukuvala induku yomnyango noma ukuvala i-disc, engavimbela ukuphuma kwendawo yokusebenza. I-valve disc eradication idlala indima yokuvala, kodwa futhi idinga ukungqubuzana okuncane nesiqu, akufanele kuvimbele isenzo se-stem. Ukukhethwa kwezimpande ze-valve disc kufanele kusekelwe endaweni yokusebenza, ingcindezi nokushisa, ukusetshenziswa kwe-disc material kanye nokuma akufani.
Okokuqala, ukukhetha izimpande ze-valve disc
Umsuka we-disc we-valve usetshenziselwa ukuvala induku yomnyango noma ukuvala i-disc, engavimbela ukuphuma kwendawo yokusebenza. I-valve disc eradication idlala indima yokuvala, kodwa futhi idinga ukungqubuzana okuncane nesiqu, akufanele kuvimbele isenzo se-stem.
Ukukhethwa kwezimpande ze-valve disc kufanele kusekelwe endaweni yokusebenza, ingcindezi nokushisa, ukusetshenziswa kwe-disc material kanye nokuma akufani.
Ithebula 5-1 libala ukuhlukaniswa, ukusebenza, kanye nebanga lohlelo lokusebenza lwezimpande ezivamile zediski.
Ithebula 5-1 Ukuhlelwa, ukusebenza, kanye nohla lokusetshenziswa lwezimpande zediski ezivamile Ukucindezela kokubalulekile
Izinga lokushisa (MPa)
C i-asbestos coil root oil kanye negraphite impregnated asbestos wire (impande yepani) nge-pre-oxidation noma i-carbonization ye-polypropylene fibre, impregnated polytetrachlorethylene emulsion (ingenziwa ibe yisimo esijwayelekile) i-PTFE fibre, i-emulsion ye-PTFE efakwe ngaphakathi Indandatho yokuvala uphawu yegraphite eguquguqukayo iyindilinga yesigaba esiphambanayo esingunxande Okwesibili, indlela yokushintsha impande ye-valve disc
I-valve yokupakisha idinga ukushintsha, ufuna ukubeka ukupakisha endala, kodwa qaphela ukuthi ungalimazi induku yomnyango, ipuleti lokufaka uphawu kanye nebhokisi lokugxusha, ngemva kwakho konke ukupakisha okudala, ungashintsha ukupakisha okusha, ukupakisha okusha, kuqala ukukhetha usayizi kanye ukusebenza kuhlangabezana nezidingo zokupakisha, ungavumeli ukuba phezulu naphansi, kusetshenziswe esizukulwaneni esikhulu noma kuphihliwe, bese ukupakishwa kufanele kusikwe kumbuthano owodwa, Umlingani we-disc impande kufanele asikwe ngobunono ku-Angle ebukhali engu-45 °. , nobude bayo kufanele bufaneleke. Lapho usika impande ye-disc, impande ye-disc ingalinyazwa ngokuqinile entweni eyindilinga enobubanzi obulingana nobubanzi besiqu se-valve, bese umugqa wokusika urekhodwa ngaphambi kokusikwa. Faka indandatho yekhoyili esikiweyo ngayinye ngayinye ebhokisini, bese usebenzisa i-pressure cap noma ** ithuluzi ukuze ushaye impande yekhoyili futhi uhlanganise indilinga ngayinye. Ukusikwa kwempande yekhoyili ngayinye kufanele inyakaziswe ngo-90°, 180° noma 90°, 180°.
Ukupakisha kumthamo futhi ucindezele futhi imvume efanele, ukujula kwengcindezi yegland ekamelweni lokupakisha, hhayi ngaphansi kuka-10% wokuphakama kwekamelo lokupakisha, akufanele kube kukhulu kuno-20% ~ 30%, kanye ne-gland yokupakisha eqinile, ngaphezulu. umfaniswano, amandla okupakisha okuqinile kwesikulufu kuhle uma uzungezisa isiqu se-valve, ukuze uhlole ukupakisha qinisa ububanzi besiqu se-valve, i-gland tight, kufanele isuke ezingeni, akukho mkhuba wokutsheka.
Ukufakwa kwezimpande ze-disc ezimise, kungenziwa ngokuqondile ekugcineni kwesiqu se-valve kufanele kube ngangokunokwenzeka ukusebenzisa indlela yesethi eqondile yabantu, lapho isigcwalisi singakwazi ukusetha ngokuqondile abantu, singasebenzisa futhi indlela yokusikeka ethangeni.
Ukugcinwa kwama-valve 1.1 Ukugcinwa kwama-valve kanye nezindawo zokufakwa ukuze kubhekwe
1). I-valve kufanele ibekwe ekamelweni elomile nelingena umoya, futhi zombili iziphetho zobubanzi kufanele zivalwe futhi zingangeni uthuli;
2). Isitoreji sesikhathi eside kufanele sihlolwe njalo, futhi indawo yokucubungula kufanele ifakwe ngamafutha ukuvimbela ukugqwala;
3) Ngaphambi kokufakwa kwe-valve, hlola ngokucophelela ukuthi uphawu luyahambisana yini nezidingo zokusebenzisa;
4). Ngesikhathi sokufakwa, indawo engaphakathi nendawo yokuvala kufanele ihlanzwe, futhi ukupakisha kufanele kuhlolwe ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kucindezelwe ngokuqinile, futhi ama-bolts okuxhuma kufanele aqiniswe ngokulinganayo.
5). I-valve kufanele ifakwe ngokuhambisana nesimo esivumelekile sokusebenza, kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe ukugcinwa nokusebenza kahle;
I-6) Ekusetshenzisweni, ungavuli kancane i-valve yesango ukuze ulungise izinga lokugeleza, ukuze ungalimazi indawo yokubeka uphawu lapho izinga lokugeleza eliphakathi liphezulu, kufanele livuleke ngokugcwele noma livalwe ngokugcwele;
7). Uma uvula noma uvala isondo lesandla, ungasebenzisi ezinye izinsimbi ezisizayo;
8). Izingxenye zokudlulisela kufanele zigcotshwe njalo; I-valve kufanele ihlale igcotshwe ngamafutha engxenyeni ejikelezayo kanye nengxenye yentambo ye-trapezoidal
9) Ngemuva kokufakwa, ukugcinwa okuvamile kufanele kwenziwe ukuze kususwe ukungcola emgodini wangaphakathi, hlola indawo yokuvala kanye nokugqoka kwe-valve stem nut;
10). Kufanele kube nesethi yezindinganiso zokufaka zesayensi nezilungile, ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kokuvala uphawu kufanele kwenziwe ngokulungiswa, futhi amarekhodi anemininingwane kufanele enziwe ukuze aphenywe.
11) Ezinye izindaba ezidinga ukunakwa:
1) Amavalvu ngokuvamile kufanele abekwe ngaphambi kokufakwa kwepayipi. Ipayipi kufanele ibe yemvelo, isikhundla asikho ukudonsa kanzima, ukuze ungashiyi i-prestress;
2) Ngaphambi kokubeka i-valve yokushisa ephansi kufanele ibe ngangokunokwenzeka esimweni esibandayo (njenge-nitrogen eyi-liquid) ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokuvula nokuvala, okuguquguqukayo futhi akukho mkhuba we-jamming;
3) Ivalvu ewuketshezi kufanele imiswe nge-engeli enyakazayo engu-10° phakathi kwesiqu kanye nezinga ukuze kugwenywe uketshezi olugeleza ngaphandle kwesiqu futhi lwandise ukulahlekelwa okubandayo; Okubaluleke nakakhulu, kuyadingeka ukugwema uketshezi oluthinta indawo yokuvala yokupakisha, ukuze kubanda futhi kube nzima futhi kulahlekelwe umphumela wokuvala, okuholela ekuvuzeni;
4) ukuxhumana kwe-valve yokuphepha kufanele kube indololwane ukugwema umthelela oqondile ku-valve; Ngaphezu kokuqinisekisa ukuthi i-valve yokuphepha ayishisi, ukuze ingasebenzi ukwehluleka;
5) ukufakwa kwe-valve yembulunga kufanele kwenze isiqondiso sokugeleza okuphakathi sihambisane nomcibisholo obhalwe emzimbeni we-valve, ukuze ukucindezela ku-valve top cone lapho i-valve ivaliwe, futhi ukupakisha akukho ngaphansi komthwalo. Kodwa ngokuvamile kuvame ukuvuleka nokuvala futhi kudingeka uqinisekise ngokuqinile ukuthi esimweni esivaliwe asivuzi i-valve (njenge-valve yokushisa), ingahlehliswa ngokucophelela, ngosizo lokucindezela okuphakathi ukuze ivalwe;
6) ukucaciswa okukhulu kwe-valve yesango, i-valve yokulawula umoya kufanele ifakwe ngokuqondile, ukuze ingakhethi uhlangothi olulodwa ngenxa yesisindo se-spool, ikhulise ukugqokwa komshini phakathi kwe-spool kanye ne-bushing, okuholela ekuvuzeni;
I-7) Uma uqinisa isikulufa sokucindezela, i-valve kufanele ibe sesimweni esivulekile kancane, ukuze ingalimazi indawo yokuvala ye-valve top;
8) Ngemuva kokuthi wonke ama-valve akhona, kufanele avulwe futhi aphinde avaliwe, futhi afaneleke uma eguquguquka futhi engabambeki;
9) Ngemva kokuba umbhoshongo omkhulu wokuhlukanisa umoya upholile ungenalutho, i-valve flange yokuxhuma iqiniswe ngaphambili kanye nesimo esibandayo ukuvimbela ukuvuza ekamelweni lokushisa nokuvuza ekushiseni okuphansi;
I-10) Akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukukhuphuka isiqu se-valve njenge-scaffold ngesikhathi sokufakwa
I-11) I-valve yokushisa ephezulu ngaphezu kwe-200 ℃, ngoba ukufakwa kusezingeni lokushisa, futhi ngemva kokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile, izinga lokushisa liyakhuphuka, i-bolt iyanda, igebe liyakhula, ngakho-ke kufanele liqiniswe futhi, elibizwa ngokuthi "i-hot tight" , opharetha kufanele anake lo msebenzi, ngaphandle kwalokho kulula ukuvuza.
I-12) Uma isimo sezulu sibanda futhi i-valve yamanzi ivaliwe isikhathi eside, amanzi ngemuva kwe-valve kufanele asuswe. Ngemuva kokuthi i-valve ye-steam imise umusi, amanzi ahlanganisiwe kufanele angafakwa. Iphansi le-valve lisebenza njengepulaki yocingo, engavulwa ukukhipha amanzi.
I-13) Ama-valve angewona ama-metallic, amanye ama-brittle aqinile, amanye amandla aphansi, ukusebenza, amandla okuvula nokuvala angeke abe mkhulu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi awakwazi ukwenza amandla. Naka futhi ukuze ugweme ukungqubuzana kwento.
I-14) Uma i-valve entsha isetshenziswa, ukupakisha akufanele kucindezelwe ngokuqinile ukuze kugwenywe ukuvuza, ukuze ugweme ukucindezela okukhulu esiqwini, ukusheshisa ukugqoka, nokuvula nokuvala.
1.2 Uhlelo lokusebenza nendawo yokusebenza
1.2.1 Ngesikhathi sokwakha, usonkontileka wokwakha, umnyango wezokuphepha, umnyango wokukhiqiza wasefekthri kanye nophiko lokwakha kufanele baxhumanise ngokugcwele ukuze kucaciswe ubukhulu besibopho somsebenzi.
1.2.2 Umuntu osebenza ngokugcwele kufanele asebenze esizeni endaweni yakhe yokusebenzela.
1.2.3 Lapho ukhipha noma ufaka i-valve, ukukhiqizwa kwansuku zonke ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile elithintekayo yilo msebenzi kufanele kushintshwe futhi kuhlelwe ngokufanele, futhi okuphakathi epayipini kufanele kunqanyulwe.
1.2.4 Indawo yokusebenza edingekile ekusebenzeni izoqinisekiswa endaweni yokusebenza.
1.2.5 Izingxenye zokusekela ezifanele isisindo sevalvu kufanele zisethwe endaweni yokusebenza ukuze kuvinjwe ukucwila kwe-valve kanye nokumiswa kwesikhungo samapayipi.
1.2.6 Ngemva kokuphothulwa komsebenzi, kufanele kwenziwe amalungiselelo okuhlolwa komfutho wegazi, ukuhlolwa kokuqina komoya, ukuhlola okungonakali kanye nezinye izinto zokuhlola.
1.2.7 Ngaphambi kokuthi kuqedwe ukusebenza, inethiwekhi yamapayipi izohlanzwa ngaphakathi, futhi ipuleti eliyimpumputhe epayipini lizoqinisekiswa ukuthi lisusiwe, futhi i-valve eqhutshwa ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa izobuyiselwa esimweni sokuvula nokuvala ngaphambi kokwakhiwa. .
1.3 Izinyathelo zokuqapha ekufakweni kwevalvu
1.3.1 Ngaphambi kokufakwa kwevalvu, kuzoqinisekiswa ukuthi ivalvu ihlangabezana nezidingo zokuklama kanye namazinga afanelekile.
1.3.2 Uma uphatha futhi ufaka ama-valve, qaphela amaqhubu kanye nokuklwebheka
1.3.3 Ngaphambi kokufaka ivalvu, ingaphakathi lepayipi kufanele lihlanzwe ukuze kukhishwe ukungcola okufana namafayili okusansimbi futhi kuvinjwe imizimba yangaphandle ekufakweni esihlalweni sokuvalwa kwevalvu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-valve kufanele ifakwe esimweni esivaliwe.
1.3.4 Ukusebenza kwevalvu yokuphakamisa. IVALIVU IZOPHAKAMISA NGEMPELA ESIKHUNDLENI ESISHISIWE SOKUPHAKAMISA, FUTHI NGEKE IPHEZULUNWE NOMA IYAKHISHWA NGAPHANSI kwamandla endawo.
1.3.5 Uma ufaka i-valve, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indlela yokuhamba kwe-medium, ifomu lokufaka kanye nendawo yesondo lesandla kuyahlangabezana nemithethonqubo.
1.3.6 Ukufakwa kwamavalvu okuxhuma ama-flange.
(1) Indawo evulekile yevalvu namapayipi kufanele ingabi namonakalo, imihuzuko, njll., futhi igcinwe ihlanzekile. Ikakhulukazi, ukusetshenziswa kwama-gaskets ensimbi (isigaba se-oval noma i-octagonal), ama-flange grooves nama-gaskets kufanele ahambisane, ahlanganiswe nomthofu obomvu wokufanisa, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uphawu lusesimweni esihle.
(2) I-perpendicularity yendawo ye-flange epayipini kanye nomugqa omaphakathi wepayipi kanye nephutha lembobo yebhawodi ye-flange kufanele kube phakathi kwenani lenani elivunyelwe. Ivalvu kanye nolayini wesikhungo samapayipi kufanele kuhambisane ngaphambi kokufakwa.
(3) Uma uxhuma ama-flanges amabili, okokuqala, ubuso bokuvalwa kwe-flange kanye ne-gasket kufanele icindezelwe ngokulinganayo, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-flange ixhunywe ukucindezeleka okufanayo kwebhawudi.
(4) Lapho uqinisa amabhawodi, sebenzisa isikrufu esifana namantongomane. Lapho usebenzisa ingcindezi kawoyela kanye namathuluzi omoya wokuqinisa, qaphela ukuthi ungadluli itorque eshiwo.
(5) Ukuqiniswa kwe-flange kufanele kugweme amandla angalingani, futhi kufanele kuqiniswe ukuze kuqondiswe ku-symmetry nokuhambisana.
(6) Ngemuva kokufakwa kwe-flange, qiniseka ukuthi wonke ama-bolts namantongomane aqinile futhi afanayo.
(7) Impahla yamabhawudi namantongomane kufanele ihlangabezane nemithethonqubo. Ngemuva kokubopha, ikhanda le-bolt kufanele livezwe kusuka ku-nati kabili i-pitch ifanelekile.
(8) Ukuqiniswa kwebhawudi nesikulufu, ukuze kuvinjelwe ukudlidliza okubangelwa ukuxega, ukusebenzisa ama-gaskets. Ukuze ugweme ukunamathela phakathi kwezintambo ekushiseni okuphezulu, izingxenye zentambo kufanele ziboshwe nge-anti-adhesion agent (molybdenum disulfide) ngesikhathi sokufakwa.
(9) Kumavalvu angaphezu kuka-200 degrees Celsius, amabhawudi oxhumano lwe-flange, amabhawodi okubopha, amabhawodi okuvala umfutho kanye namabhawodi wokupakisha wekhava yokucindezela kufanele aqiniswe futhi ngemva kokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa.
(10) I-valve yokushisa ephansi ifakwe esimweni sokushisa komkhathi. Ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo, lapho okuphakathi kudlula, kuba yisimo sokushisa esiphansi. Ngenxa yokwakhiwa komehluko wokushisa, ama-flanges, ama-gaskets, ama-bolts namantongomane, njll., ayancipha, futhi ngenxa yokuthi izinto zalezi zingxenye azifani, i-coefficient yabo yokwandisa i-linear nayo ihlukile, okwenza kube lula kakhulu ukuvuza izimo zemvelo. Kusukela kulesi simo senhloso, lapho kuqinisa ama-bolts ekushiseni komkhathi, i-torque ecabangela izici zokunciphisa ingxenye ngayinye ekushiseni okuphansi kufanele yamukelwe.
1.3.7 Ukufakwa kwamavalvu okuxhuma ashiselwe
(1) Ukucutshungulwa kwamajoyinti esokhethi kanye nenkundla yokushisela izinqe kufanele kube okulungile futhi kuhambisane nezindinganiso ezifanele.
(2) Ngesikhathi sokushisela, ukuze kuvinjelwe ama- iron chips nobhontshisi abashiselwe ekuhlaseleni ishubhu, kufanele kusetshenziswe ukushisela igesi ye-tungsten enert.
(3) Lapho i-welding, i-valve kufanele ivuleke kancane.
(4) Izinto zokushisela kufanele zikhethwe kahle ngokuya nge-valve kanye nezinto zokudonsa. Uma USEBENZISA i-electrode EYI-COATED, hlola isimo sokugcina i-electrode futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ukwelashwa okufanelekile okomisa kwe-electrode ehlanganisiwe kuyathathwa.
(5) Abasebenzi abenza umsebenzi wokushisela ugesi bazohlangabezana nezidingo zochwepheshe bokushisela ngogesi.
(6) Uma ukwelashwa kokushisa kudingekile ngemva kokushisela, irekhodi lejika lesikhathi kanye nezinga lokushisa lokwelashwa kokushisa kufanele lihlolwe.
(7) Izingxenye zokushisela kufanele zihlolwe ngokubukeka noma zingacekeli phansi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi akukho mifantu, amaqhuqhuva okushisela, ukulunywa onqenqemeni nokunye okulimazayo.