Kusankha mizu ya vavu ndi njira yosinthira Vavu

Kusankha mizu ya vavu ndi njira yosinthira Vavu

Mizu ya disc ya valve imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusindikiza ndodo ya pakhomo kapena kusindikiza diski, yomwe ingalepheretse kutuluka kwa sing'anga yogwira ntchito. Kuchotsa ma valve disc kumagwira ntchito yosindikiza, komanso kumafuna kukangana kochepa ndi tsinde, sikuyenera kulepheretsa tsinde kuchitapo kanthu. Kusankhidwa kwa mizu ya valve disc kuyenera kukhazikitsidwa pa sing'anga yogwira ntchito, kupanikizika ndi kutentha, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu za disc ndi mawonekedwe sizofanana.
Choyamba, kusankha mizu ya valve disc
Mizu ya disc ya valve imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusindikiza ndodo ya pakhomo kapena kusindikiza diski, yomwe ingalepheretse kutuluka kwa sing'anga yogwira ntchito. Kuchotsa ma disc a valve kumagwira ntchito yosindikiza, komanso kumafuna kukangana kochepa ndi tsinde, sikuyenera kulepheretsa tsinde kuchitapo kanthu.
Kusankhidwa kwa mizu ya valve disc kuyenera kukhazikitsidwa pa sing'anga yogwira ntchito, kupanikizika ndi kutentha, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu za disc ndi mawonekedwe sizofanana.
Table 5-1 imatchula mitundu, magwiridwe antchito, ndi magwiridwe antchito amitundu wamba ya disk.
Table 5-1 Gulu, magwiridwe antchito, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu wamba ya disk mizu Kupanikizika kwazinthu
Kutentha (MPa)
(C) Muzu wapakatikati wa thonje wa thonje wolukidwa chingwe, chingwe cha thonje chomizidwa chamafuta, chingwe cha thonje cha rabara (mizu ya poto) ndi pre-oxidation kapena carbonization ya polypropylene fiber, impregnated polytetrachlorethylene emulsion (akhoza kupangidwa mu mawonekedwe muyezo) PTFE CHIKWANGWANI, impregnated PTFE emulsion Mphete yosindikizira ya graphite ndi yozungulira yozungulira yamakona anayi Awiri, valve disc root m'malo njira
Vavu kulongedza katundu ayenera kusintha, ndikufuna kuyika kulongedza zakale, koma samalani kuti musawononge chitseko ndodo, kusindikiza mbale ndi stuffing bokosi, pambuyo kulongedza zakale, mukhoza kusintha kulongedza kwatsopano, kulongedza kwatsopano, choyamba kusankha kukula ndi kukula. magwiridwe antchito amakwaniritsa zofunikira pakulongedza, osalola kumtunda ndi kutsika, kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mibadwo yayikulu kapena kuphwanyidwa, ndiyeno kulongedza kumayenera kudulidwa mu bwalo limodzi, Mnzake wa muzu wa disc uyenera kudulidwa bwino mu Angle yovuta ya 45 °. , ndipo utali wake ukhale woyenera. Mukadula muzu wa disc, muzu wa disc ukhoza kuvulazidwa mwamphamvu pa ndodo yozungulira ndi m'mimba mwake wofanana ndi m'mimba mwake wa tsinde la valve, ndiyeno mzere wodulidwa umalembedwa musanadulidwe. Onjezani mphete ya koyilo yodulidwa imodzi ndi imodzi, ndipo gwiritsani ntchito chikhomo kapena ** chida chokhomerera muzu ndikumanga bwalo lililonse. Kudulidwa kwa muzu uliwonse wa koyilo kuyenera kugwedezeka ndi 90 °, 180 ° kapena 90 °, 180 °.
Kulongedza pa mlingo ndikukankhiranso chilolezo choyenera, kuya kwa chiwombankhanga m'chipinda chonyamuliramo, osachepera 10% ya kutalika kwa chipinda chonyamulira, sayenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa 20% ~ 30%, ndi chithokomiro cholimba kwambiri. yunifolomu, mphamvu ya wononga zolimba kulongedza katundu ndi bwino pamene atembenuza valavu tsinde, kuti aone kulongedza kulongedza katundu kumangitsa kukula kwa tsinde valavu, gland zolimba, ayenera mlingo kutali, palibe chopendekeka chodabwitsa.
Unsembe wa zooneka chimbale muzu, akhoza mwachindunji anapereka pa chapamwamba mapeto a valavu tsinde ayenera kukhala mmene ndingathere kugwiritsa ntchito njira yolunjika ya anthu, pamene filler sangathe mwachindunji ya anthu, angagwiritsenso ntchito. njira ya incision lap.
Kukonza ma valve 1.1 Kukonza ma valve ndi malo oyikapo kuti musamalidwe
1). Vavu iyenera kuikidwa m'chipinda chowuma ndi mpweya wabwino, ndipo mbali zonse ziwiri za m'mimba mwake ziyenera kusindikizidwa komanso zopanda fumbi;
2). Kusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse, ndipo malo opangirapo ayenera kuphimbidwa ndi mafuta kuti asawonongeke;
3) Musanayambe kukhazikitsa ma valve, yang'anani mosamala ngati chizindikirocho chikugwirizana ndi zofunikira zogwiritsira ntchito;
4). Pakuyika, malo amkati ndi malo osindikizira ayenera kutsukidwa, ndipo kulongedza kuyenera kufufuzidwa kuti awone ngati akukanikizidwa mwamphamvu, ndipo ma bolts olumikiza ayenera kumangidwa mofanana.
5). Valavu iyenera kukhazikitsidwa molingana ndi malo ovomerezeka ogwirira ntchito, koma chidwi chiyenera kulipidwa pakukonza ndi ntchito yabwino;
6) Pogwiritsidwa ntchito, musatsegule pang'ono valavu yachipata kuti musinthe kayendetsedwe kake, kuti musawononge malo osindikizira pamene kuthamanga kwapakati kuli kwakukulu, kuyenera kutsegulidwa kwathunthu kapena kutsekedwa kwathunthu;
7). Mukatembenuza kapena kuzimitsa gudumu lamanja, musagwiritse ntchito zida zina zothandizira;
8). Zigawo zopatsirana ziyenera kuthiridwa mafuta pafupipafupi; Vavu iyenera kukhala yopaka mafuta nthawi zonse pagawo lozungulira komanso gawo la ulusi wa trapezoidal
9) Pambuyo pa kukhazikitsa, kukonza nthawi zonse kuyenera kuchitidwa kuti muchotse dothi mkati mwa mkati, fufuzani malo osindikizira ndi kuvala kwa mtedza wa tsinde la valve;
10). Payenera kukhala miyezo yasayansi komanso yolondola yoyika, kuyesa kusindikiza kuyenera kuchitidwa pokonza, ndipo zolemba zatsatanetsatane ziyenera kupangidwa kuti zifufuzidwe.
11) Zinthu zina zofunika kuziganizira:
1) Mavavu nthawi zambiri amayenera kuyikidwa musanayambe kuyika mapaipi. Chitolirocho chiyenera kukhala chachibadwa, malowo sali ovuta kukoka, kuti asachoke pa prestress;
2) Pamaso pa malo otsika valavu kutentha ayenera kukhala kutali mu dziko ozizira (monga madzi asafe) kuchita kutsegula ndi kutseka mayeso, kusinthasintha ndi palibe kupanikizana chodabwitsa;
3) Vavu yamadzimadzi iyenera kukonzedwa ndi 10 ° yopendekeka Angle pakati pa tsinde ndi mulingo kupewa madzi otuluka patsinde ndikuwonjezera kuzizira; Chofunika kwambiri, ndikofunika kupewa madzi okhudza kusindikiza pamwamba pa kunyamula, kotero kuti kumakhala kozizira komanso kolimba komanso kutaya mphamvu yosindikiza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonongeke;
4) kugwirizana kwa valavu chitetezo ayenera chigongono kupewa kukhudza mwachindunji valavu; Komanso kuonetsetsa kuti valavu chitetezo si chisanu, kuti ntchito kulephera;
5) kuyika valavu yapadziko lonse lapansi kuyenera kupangitsa kuti kayendedwe kapakati kakhale kogwirizana ndi muvi womwe walembedwa pa thupi la valavu, kotero kuti kupanikizika kwa valve pamwamba pa valavu pamene valavu yatsekedwa, ndipo kulongedza sikungatheke. Koma osati nthawi zambiri lotseguka ndi kutseka ndipo ayenera mosamalitsa kuonetsetsa kuti chatsekedwa boma si kutayikira valavu (monga valavu Kutentha), akhoza mwachidziwitso n'zosiyana, mothandizidwa ndi sing'anga kuthamanga kuti atseke;
6) mafotokozedwe akuluakulu a valve yachipata, valavu yolamulira pneumatic iyenera kukhazikitsidwa molunjika, kuti musakondere mbali imodzi chifukwa cha kulemera kwa spool, kuonjezera kuvala kwa makina pakati pa spool ndi tchire, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonongeke;
7) Mukamangiriza screw screw, valavu iyenera kukhala yotseguka pang'ono, kuti isawononge kusindikiza pamwamba pa valavu;
8) Pambuyo pa ma valve onse, ayenera kutsegulidwa ndi kutsekedwa kachiwiri, ndi oyenerera ngati ali osinthasintha komanso osakanizidwa;
9) Pambuyo pa nsanja yayikulu yolekanitsa mpweya itakhazikika, valavu yolumikizira imayimitsidwa kamodzi m'malo ozizira kuti iteteze kutulutsa kutentha ndi kutayikira pa kutentha kochepa;
10) Ndizoletsedwa kukwera tsinde la valve ngati scaffold pakuyika
11) Vavu yotentha kwambiri pamwamba pa 200 ℃, chifukwa kuyikako kumakhala kutentha, ndipo pambuyo pa ntchito yabwino, kutentha kumakwera, bawuti ndikukula kwa matenthedwe, kusiyana kumawonjezeka, kotero iyenera kumangika kachiwiri, yotchedwa "hot tight" , woyendetsa ayenera kumvetsera ntchitoyi, apo ayi ndiyosavuta kutulutsa.
12) Pamene nyengo ikuzizira ndipo valavu yamadzi imatsekedwa kwa nthawi yaitali, madzi kumbuyo kwa valve ayenera kuchotsedwa. Vavu ya nthunzi ikasiya nthunzi, madzi osungunuka ayeneranso kuchotsedwa. Pansi pa valavu imakhala ngati pulagi ya waya, yomwe imatha kutsegulidwa kuti ikhetse madzi.
13) Ma valve opanda zitsulo, ena olimba, otsika mphamvu, ntchito, kutsegula ndi kutseka mphamvu sizingakhale zazikulu kwambiri, makamaka sangathe kupanga mphamvu. Komanso samalani kuti mupewe kugunda kwa chinthu.
14) Pamene valve yatsopano ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, kulongedza sikuyenera kukanikizidwa mwamphamvu kwambiri kuti zisawonongeke, kuti mupewe kupanikizika kwambiri pa tsinde, kufulumizitsa kuvala, ndi kutsegula ndi kutseka.
1.2 Njira yogwiritsira ntchito ndi malo ogwirira ntchito
1.2.1 Pa nthawi yomanga, kontrakitala yomanga, dipatimenti yachitetezo, dipatimenti yopanga fakitale ndi gawo lomangamanga adzalumikizana mokwanira kuti afotokozere kukula kwa ntchitoyo.
1.2.2 Woyang'anira ntchito nthawi zonse azigwira ntchito pamalo omwe ali ndi udindo wawo.
1.2.3 Pochotsa kapena kuyika valve, kupanga tsiku ndi tsiku mkati mwamtundu wina wokhudzidwa ndi ntchitoyi kuyenera kusinthidwa ndikukonzedwa moyenera, ndipo sing'anga mu payipi iyenera kudulidwa.
1.2.4 Malo ogwirira ntchito ofunikira kuti agwire ntchitoyo atsimikizidwe pamalo ogwirira ntchito.
1.2.5 Zigawo zothandizira zoyenera kulemera kwa valve ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa pamalo ogwirira ntchito kuti ateteze kusungunuka kwa valve ndi pipe center offset.
1.2.6 Pambuyo pomaliza ntchitoyo, kukonzekera kuyenera kuchitidwa kuti ayese kupanikizika, kuyesa kwa mpweya, kuyang'anitsitsa kosawononga ndi zinthu zina zoyendera.
1.2.7 Opaleshoniyo isanathe, maukonde a chitoliro adzatsukidwa mkati, ndipo mbale yakhungu pa chitoliro idzatsimikiziridwa kuti ichotsedwe, ndipo valavu yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yomangayi idzabwezeretsedwa ku malo otsegulira ndi kutseka asanayambe kumanga. .
1.3 Kusamala pakuyika ma valve
1.3.1 Musanayambe kukhazikitsa ma valve, zidzatsimikiziridwa kuti valavu imakwaniritsa zofunikira za mapangidwe ndi miyezo yoyenera.
1.3.2 Pogwira ndikuyika mavavu, samalani ndi tokhala ndi zokala
1.3.3 Musanayike valavu, mkati mwa payipi iyenera kutsukidwa kuti muchotse zonyansa monga zomangira zachitsulo ndikuletsa matupi akunja kuti asalowe pampando wosindikizira ma valve. Kuonjezera apo, valavu iyenera kuikidwa pamalo otsekedwa.
1.3.4 Ntchito ya valve yokweza. VALVU IDZAKWDZEDWA NDONDOMEKO PA MALO OMWE WOYANKHULA, NDIPO SADZAKWEDWERA KAPENA KUKOKEDWA PAMBUYO WABWINO.
1.3.5 Poika valve, m'pofunika kutsimikizira ngati kayendedwe ka kayendedwe ka sing'anga, mawonekedwe oyika ndi malo a handwheel amakwaniritsa malamulo.
1.3.6 Kuyika ma valve olumikizana ndi flange.
(1) Pamwamba pa valavu ndi mapaipi ayenera kukhala opanda zowonongeka, zokopa, ndi zina zotero, ndikukhala zoyera. Makamaka, kugwiritsa ntchito ma gaskets azitsulo (gawo lozungulira kapena la octagonal), ma flange grooves ndi ma gaskets ayenera kukhala osagwirizana, kuti aphimbidwe ndi kutsogolo kofiira kuti agwirizane, kuonetsetsa kuti chisindikizocho chili bwino.
(2) Perpendicularity ya flange pamwamba pa chitoliro ndi mzere wapakati wa chitoliro ndi cholakwika cha dzenje la flange bolt ziyenera kukhala mkati mwa mtengo wololedwa. Vavu ndi mzere wapakati wa mapaipi ziyenera kukhala zofananira musanayike.
(3) Pogwirizanitsa ma flanges awiri, choyamba, nkhope yosindikizira ya flange ndi gasket iyenera kukanikizidwa mofanana, kuti zitsimikizire kuti flange imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kupsinjika komweko.
(4) Mukamangitsa mabawuti, gwiritsani ntchito sikelo yofanana ndi mtedza. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito kukakamiza kwamafuta ndi zida za pneumatic zomangirira, samalani kuti musapitirire ma torque omwe mwatchulidwa.
(5) Kumangirira kwa flange kuyenera kupeŵa mphamvu yosagwirizana, ndipo iyenera kumangirizidwa kuti ikhale yofanana ndi yogwirizana.
(6) Mukayika flange, onetsetsani kuti mabawuti onse ndi mtedza ndi zolimba komanso zofananira.
(7) Zida za bolts ndi mtedza ziyenera kukwaniritsa malamulo. Pambuyo kumangiriza, mutu wa bawuti uyenera kuwululidwa kuchokera ku nati awiri phula loyenera.
(8) Bolt ndi screw fastening, pofuna kupewa kugwedezeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kumasula, kugwiritsa ntchito ma gaskets. Pofuna kupewa kumamatira pakati pa ulusi pa kutentha kwakukulu, ulusi uyenera kuphimbidwa ndi anti-adhesion agent (molybdenum disulfide) pakuyika.
(9) Kwa mavavu opitilira 200 digiri Celsius, mabawuti olumikizirana ndi flange, mabawuti omangira, ma bolt osindikizira komanso ma bawuti otsekera otsekera ayenera kumangidwanso kutentha kukwera.
(10) Valavu yotsika yotsika imayikidwa mu chikhalidwe cha kutentha kwa mumlengalenga. Pogwiritsa ntchito, sing'anga ikadutsa, imakhala kutentha kochepa. Chifukwa mapangidwe kutentha kusiyana, flanges, gaskets, mabawuti ndi mtedza, etc., kuchepa, ndipo chifukwa zipangizo za mbali zimenezi si zofanana, liniya wawo kukula koyenera ndi osiyana, kupanga zosavuta kutayikira zinthu zachilengedwe. Kuchokera pazifukwa izi, pomangirira ma bolts pa kutentha kwamlengalenga, torque yomwe imaganizira za kugunda kwa gawo lililonse pa kutentha kochepa iyenera kutengedwa.
1.3.7 Kuyika ma valve olumikizana ndi welded
(1) Makina olumikizira zitsulo ndi matako owotcherera groove ayenera kukhala olondola ndikutsatira miyezo yoyenera.
(2) Powotcherera, kuti tchipisi tachitsulo ndi nyemba zowotcherera zisalowe mu chubu, payenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwotcherera mpweya wa tungsten.
(3) Pamene kuwotcherera, valavu iyenera kukhala yotseguka pang'ono.
(4) Zida zowotcherera ziyenera kusankhidwa moyenera malinga ndi valavu ndi zida zapaipi. MukaGWIRITSA NTCHITO COATED electrode, yang'anani momwe ma elekitirodi amasungira ndikutsimikizira ngati mankhwala oyenera oyanika a electrode wokutira atengedwa.
(5) Ogwira ntchito yowotcherera magetsi adzakwaniritsa zofunikira za akatswiri opangira magetsi.
(6) Pamene kutentha kutentha kumafunika pambuyo kuwotcherera, nthawi ndi kutentha pamapindikira mbiri ya kutentha kutentha ayenera kufufuzidwa.
(7) Zigawo zowotcherera ziziyang'aniridwa mowoneka kapena zosawononga kuti zitsimikizire kuti palibe ming'alu, timatako towotcherera, kuluma m'mphepete ndi zolakwika zina.