Kuyini ukucaciswa kwamaphoyinti angu-2, 4 no-6 ekufakweni kwevalvu yamapayipi? I-valve ye-oxygen, i-valve yepayipi, ukuhlaziywa kwezizathu zokuvutha kwe-valve
Uwahlukanisa kanjani amasayizi ama-valve? Ingabe “imizuzu,” “amayintshi,” noma “DN…” ? Uyazi ukuthi lisho ukuthini?
Okokuqala, ake sandise umsuka we "inch" :
intshi (intshi, esifushanisiwe njengokuthi in.), ngesiDashi, incazelo yasekuqaleni isithupha, intshi ubude besithupha, yebo, ubude besithupha buhlukile.
Ilanga alishoni. UMbuso WaseBrithani wawumkhulu. Izwe lalinamandla futhi linezwi. Ngekhulu le-14, iNkosi u-Edward II yamemezela "intshi evamile yezomthetho". Ngokomthetho, ubude bezinhlamvu ezintathu zikakolweni ezinkulu zilandelana ziyi-intshi eyodwa (cishe 25.4 mm).
Sifika ephuzwini, ngokuvamile ukuya esitolo hardware ukuthenga valve noma ipayipi, joint, njll., abaqondi ukuthatha amasampula umngane ukuthenga ngokuqondile, amajaji incazelo jikelele ezibekiweko, imizuzu embalwa noma amayintshi ambalwa. , empeleni bona i-valve yamanzi kanye nomzimba ohlangene wepayipi noma umakwe ezincazelweni zokupakisha, njengokuthi 1/2 ', 3/4', 1 ', DN15 njalonjalo.
Njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngezansi: Amanzi ashisayo nabandayo valvu ye-engeli yesokudla yokugeza indlu yangasese, usayizi DN15.
Bangane abathandekayo, uma ufuna ukuqonda nokufunda ukucaciswa nobukhulu balawa ma-valve, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ubudlelwano obulandelayo bokuguqula:
Ukuguqulwa kwefomula eyisisekelo: 1 intshi ≈25.4 mm =8 amaphuzu (amaphoyinti amafushane)
Ngakho: 1 intshi = 1/8 '(in) ≈3.175mm
2 intshi = 1/4 '(intshi)
4 intshi = 1/2 '(intshi)
6 intshi = 3/4 '(in)
(Ngezinjongo zokukhumbula, izingxenyana ezimbalwa ze-intshi ngokuvamile ziphindaphindwa ngo-8 ukuze uthole amaphuzu.)
Umfanekiso olandelayo ubonisa ubudlelwano phakathi "kwamaminithi" kanye "namayintshi" :
Empilweni, i-valve esetshenziswa kakhulu yi-1/2 '(4 valve), ngezinye izikhathi ibhalwe ngokuthi DN15, empeleni, imininingwane iyafana, kodwa indlela yokulebula ihlukile.
Ngakho-ke sivame ukubiza amaphuzu angu-4 namaphoyinti angu-6 kanye ne-valve yamanzi eyi-intshi engu-1 noma ipayipi lamanzi, amaphuzu angu-4, amaphuzu angu-6, i-intshi engu-1 ibhekisela ku-valve yamanzi noma ububanzi bepayipi lamanzi lesistimu yaseBrithani, igama eligcwele iBritish.
Njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngezansi: I-1/2 intshi iyi-valve enamaphuzu angu-4 (DN15) ububanzi obungu-15, ububanzi bentambo bungaba ngu-19mm.
Iyunithi: mm
Usilika ohambisanayo uboniswa kanjena ngezansi:
Ngezinye izikhathi ngisho noma umzimba we-valve ungamakiwe ngokucaciswa, singasebenzisa irula ukulinganisa ukucaciswa kwe-valve, ngokuvamile i-valve engu-4 yentambo yangaphakathi ngokuvamile ububanzi obuyi-18 ~ 20mm, uma intambo yangaphandle ingalinganiswa ububanzi bentambo. , okufanayo.
Isithombe esilandelayo sibonisa ompompi bemishini yokuwasha evame ukusetshenziswa emindenini:
Inombolo elandelayo ingu-3/4 ', eyaziwa nangokuthi i-valve engu-6 (DN20), ububanzi obujwayelekile obungama-20, ngokuvamile obungu-24mm ngaphakathi ububanzi.
Iyunithi: mm
Isibalo esilandelayo sibonisa indlela yokulinganisa yokulinganisa cishe i-valve yamaphoyinti angu-4 no-6:
Kusukela kulokhu okungenhla, ozakwethu abaningi abancane bazodideka, ukucaciswa kwe-valve i-DN kusho ukuthi, empeleni, ukucaciswa kwevalve ye-DN DN20 kuwuphawu lobubanzi obujwayelekile, i-diameter yegama (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-mean outs>
Ngakho-ke i-DN ayiwona ububanzi bangaphandle noma ububanzi bangaphakathi, kodwa iseduze nobubanzi bangaphakathi. Isigaba sokucindezela okuphansi, ukushuba kodonga oluncane, i-DN ngaphansi kobubanzi obungaphakathi; Ekilasini lokucindezela okuphezulu, ubukhulu bodonga bukhulu, futhi i-DN inkulu kunobubanzi obungaphakathi. DN** Ububanzi begama, obungamamilimitha, kodwa ububanzi obuncane buwusayizi wegama, hhayi usayizi wangempela we-.
Isibonelo, umklami wepayipi noma i-valve ubala ukuthi ipayipi elinobubanzi obungaphakathi obuyi-102mm nobukhulu bodonga obungu-3mm liyadingeka, kanti ububanzi obungaphandle bepayipi buyi-108mm. Ngokwezinga lokuklama lepayipi lensimbi, kukhona ipayipi elinjalo nje. Kulokhu, ipayipi elinobubanzi obungaphakathi obuyi-102mm kufanele lihlukaniswe njenge-diameter yegama eliseduze, okungukuthi, umklamo we-valve yi-DN100. Ngokusobala ubukhulu begama buzoba buncane kunobubanzi obungaphakathi. Kwesinye isimo, ipayipi elinobubanzi obungaphandle be-108mm lisasetshenziswa. Ngenxa yokucindezela okukhulu, ubukhulu bodonga buyadingeka ukuba bube ngu-6mm, ngakho ububanzi bangaphakathi bombhobho bungama-96. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-valve esetshenzisiwe iseyi-DN100, futhi ubukhulu begama bukhulu kunobubanzi obungaphakathi bepayipi elivaliwe. .
Isibalo esilandelayo sithi 1 '(in)DN25 valve, ngokuvamile ayibizwa ngokuthi i-valve engu-8, ububanzi obuncane bungama-25, ububanzi bentambo bungaba ngu-30mm, njalonjalo:
Umfanekiso ongezansi ubonisa ivalvu engu-1.2 '(in.)DN32 enodayamitha okuyisilinganiso esingu-32 kanye nodayamitha olucushiwe olungaphakathi olucishe lube ngu-39mm.
Isibalo esilandelayo sibonisa ivalvu engu-1.5 '(in.)DN40, ububanzi begama bungama-40, ububanzi bephepha bungaba ngu-46mm
Ngezansi kukhona ivalvu engu-2 '(in.)DN50 enobubanzi obungu-50 kanye nobubanzi bentambo yangaphakathi ecishe ibe ngu-56mm.
Isibalo esilandelayo sibonisa ubudlelwano obuhambelanayo phakathi kweyintshi yepayipi nosayizi wegama:
Ngokuhlaziya okunemininingwane engenhla okunezithombe, ucwaningo olunzulu, ozakwethu abancane kufanele baqonde ukucaciswa kwevalvu yamanzi empilo ejwayelekile, “amaphuzu” kanye “nama-intshi” encazelo yawo.
I-valve ye-oxygen, i-valve yepayipi, ukuhlaziywa kwezizathu zokuvutha kwe-valve
I-valve ye-oxygen, i-valve yepayipi, ukuhlaziywa kwezizathu zokuvutha kwe-valve
Ngokukhula kokusetshenziswa komoyampilo, abasebenzisi abakhulu bomoya-mpilo basebenzisa ukulethwa kwamapayipi omoya-mpilo. Ngenxa yepayipi elide, ukusatshalaliswa okubanzi, okuhambisana nokuvula ngokushesha noma ukuvala i-valve, okuholela epayipini le-oksijini kanye nezingozi zokusha kwe-valve zenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile, ngakho-ke, *** ukuhlaziywa kwepayipi le-oksijini kanye nomnyango obandayo izingozi ezifihliwe ezikhona, izingozi, futhi ukuthatha izinyathelo ezihambisanayo kubalulekile.
Okokuqala, amapayipi omoya-mpilo amaningana avamile, ukuhlaziya imbangela yokusha kwe-valve
1. Ukugqwala, uthuli kanye ne-slag yokushisela ekungqubuzaneni kwepayipi nodonga lwangaphakathi lwepayipi noma imbobo yevalvu, okuholela ekushiseni okuphezulu kwezinga lokushisa.
Lesi simo sihlobene nohlobo lokungcola, usayizi wezinhlayiyana kanye nesivinini sokugeleza komoya. I-ayoni powder kulula ukuyishisa nge-oxygen, futhi usayizi wezinhlayiya ucolile, indawo yokuthungela iyancipha; Lapho isivinini segesi sishesha, maningi amathuba okuba ishe.
2. Kunamafutha, irabha nezinye izinto ezinephuzu eliphansi lokuthungela epayipini noma ivalvu, ezovutha ekushiseni okuphezulu kwendawo.
Iphuzu lokuthungela lezinto eziningi ezivuthayo ku-oxygen (engcindezini yomoya);
Igama lendawo yokubasa uphethiloli (℃)
Amafutha okugcoba 273 ~ 305
I-vulcanized fiber mat 304
Irabha 130 ~ 170
Irabha ye-fluorine 474
Ihlanganiswe ne-392 b
I-Teflon 507
3. Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu elikhiqizwa ukucindezelwa kwe-adiabatic kubangela ukuba izinto ezivuthayo zishise
Isibonelo, ngaphambi kokuthi i-valve ibe ngu-15MPa, izinga lokushisa lingu-20℃, futhi ingcindezi engemuva kwevalvu ingu-0.1MPa. Uma i-valve ivulwa ngokushesha, izinga lokushisa le-oksijini ngemva kokuba i-valve ingafinyelela ku-553℃ ngokuvumelana nefomula yokucindezela i-adiabatic, efinyelele noma yeqe indawo yokuthungela kwezinye izinto.
4. Ukuncishiswa kwendawo yokuthungela yezinto ezivuthayo kumfutho ophezulu we-oksijini ehlanzekile wukushiswa kwevalvu yamapayipi omoya-mpilo.
Ipayipi le-oksijeni kanye ne-valve ekucindezelweni okuphezulu komoya-mpilo ohlanzekile, ingozi inkulu kakhulu, ukuhlolwa kuye kwafakazela ukuthi umlilo we-oxygen ungalingana ngokuphambene nesikwele sokucindezela, okubeka usongo olukhulu epayipini le-oxygen kanye ne-valve.
Okwesibili, izinyathelo zokuvimbela
1. Umklamo uzohambisana nemithethonqubo kanye namazinga afanele
Idizayini kufanele ihambisane ne-Ministry of Metallurgy yango-1981 eyakhishwa inethiwekhi yepayipi lomoya-mpilo le-Iron and Steel Enterprise yemithetho eminingana, kanye nemithethonqubo yezobuchwepheshe yokuphepha komoyampilo kanye negesi ehlobene (GB16912-1997), "ikhodi yokuklama yesiteshi se-Oxygen" (GB50030- 91) neminye imithethonqubo namazinga.
(1) Izinga elikhulu lokugeleza komoyampilo epayipini lensimbi ye-carbon kufanele lihambisane nethebula elilandelayo.
Izinga lokugeleza okukhulu komoyampilo epayipini lensimbi ye-carbon:
Ingcindezi yokusebenza (MPa) 0.1 0.1 ~ 0.6 0.6 ~ 1.6 1.6 ~ 3.0
Izinga lokugeleza (m/s) 20, 13, 10, 8
(2) Ukuze kuvinjwe umlilo, ingxenye yesisekelo sethusi noma ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali enobude obungekho ngaphansi kuka-5 ububanzi bepayipi futhi ingabi ngaphansi kuka-1.5m kufanele ixhunywe ngemuva kwevalvu yomoya-mpilo.
(3) Indololwane kanye nekhanda eliphindwe kabili kufanele kumiswe kube kumbalwa ngangokunokwenzeka epayipini lomoya-mpilo. Indololwane yepayipi lomoya-mpilo elinengcindezi yokusebenza engaphezu kuka-0.1MPa kufanele yenziwe nge-flange yohlobo lwevalvu enesitembu. Isiqondiso sokugeleza komoya kwekhanda le-bifurcation kufanele sibe ama-engeli angu-45 kuya kwangu-60 ukusuka lapho kugeleza komoya okuyinhloko.
(4) Ekushiseleni izinqe ze-concave-convex flange, ucingo lokushisela ithusi lusetshenziswa njenge-O-ring, okuwuhlobo oluthembekile lokuvala i-oxygen flange evuthayo.
(5) Ipayipi lomoya-mpilo kufanele libe nesisetshenziswa esihle sokuqhuba, ukumelana nomhlabathi kufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-10, ukumelana phakathi kwama-flange kufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-0.03.
(6) Ukuphela kwepayipi eliyinhloko le-oksijini endaweni yokusebenzela kufanele kwengezwe ngepayipi elikhipha umoya ukuze kube lula ukuhlanzwa nokushintshwa kwepayipi lomoya-mpilo. Ngaphambi kokuba ipayipi lomoya-mpilo elide lingene kuvalvu elawulayo endaweni yokusebenzela, isisefo kufanele sisethwe.
2. Izinyathelo Zokufaka
(1) zonke izingxenye ezithinta umoya-mpilo kufanele zikhishwe ngokuqinile, zikhishwe ngomoya owomile noma i-nitrogen ngaphandle kukawoyela.
(2) Ukushisela kuyoba i-argon arc welding noma i-arc welding.
3. Izixwayiso Zokusebenza
(1) Lapho uvula futhi uvala i-valve yomoya-mpilo, kufanele yenziwe kancane. Umsebenzisi kufanele ame ohlangothini lwevalvu futhi ayivule kanye endaweni.
(2) Akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa umoya-mpilo ukuxubha ipayipi noma ukusebenzisa umoya-mpilo ukuhlola ukuvuza nokucindezela.
(3) Ukuqaliswa kohlelo lwethikithi lokusebenza, ngaphambi kokusebenza kwenhloso, indlela, izimo zokwenza incazelo enemininingwane kanye nezinhlinzeko.
(4) Amavalvu omoya-mpilo okwenziwa ngesandla anobubanzi obungaphezu kuka-70mm avunyelwe ukusebenza kuphela uma umehluko wengcindezi phakathi kwengaphambili nangemuva kwevalvu wehliswa ube ngaphansi kuka-0.3MPa.
4. Izinyathelo zokuphepha zesondlo
(1) Ipayipi lomoya-mpilo kufanele lihlolwe njalo futhi linakekelwe, lisuswe ukugqwala futhi lipendwe, njalo eminyakeni emi-3 kuya kwemi-5.
(2) Ivalvu yokuphepha kanye negeji yokucindezela epayipini kufanele ihlolwe njalo, kanye ngonyaka.
(3) Thuthukisa umshini ophansi.
(4) Ngaphambi komsebenzi oshisayo, ukushintshwa nokuhlanza kufanele kwenziwe. Lapho okuqukethwe komoyampilo kugesi ephephethwayo kungu-18% ~ 23%, kuyafaneleka.
(5) I-Valve, i-flange, i-gasket nepayipi, ukukhetha kokufaka amapayipi kufanele kuhambisane “nemithethonqubo yobuchwepheshe yokuphepha kwe-oksijeni negesi ehlobene” (GB16912-1997) izinhlinzeko ezifanele.
(6) Sungula amafayela obuchwepheshe, ukusebenza kwezitimela, ukulungisa kabusha kanye nabasebenzi bokunakekela.
5. Ezinye izindlela zokuphepha
(1) Ukwenza ngcono ukubaluleka kwabasebenzi bokwakha, ukunakekela kanye nokusebenza ngokuphepha.
(2) ngcono ukuqapha kwabaphathi.
(3) Ukwenyusa izinga lesayensi nobuchwepheshe.
(4) Ukuthuthukisa ngokuqhubekayo uhlelo lokulethwa komoyampilo.
Isiphetho:
Isizathu sokuthi kungani i-valve yesango ivinjelwe kungenxa yokuthi indawo yokuvala ye-valve yesango ekuhambeni okuhlobene (okungukuthi, i-valve switch) izodala umonakalo wokuhuzuka ngenxa yokungqubuzana, uma sekonakele, kukhona impushana yensimbi evela endaweni evaliwe. , izinhlayiya ezinjalo ezinhle ze-iron powder kulula ukuzishisa, lokhu kuyingozi yangempela.
Eqinisweni, ipayipi le-oksijini alivunyelwe ukungena ku-valve yesango, amanye ama-valve okumisa anezingozi, indawo yokuvala ye-valve yokumisa izolimala, njengoba kungase kube yingozi, okuhlangenwe nakho kwamabhizinisi amaningi ukuthi ipayipi lomoya-mpilo wonke lisebenzisa i-copper alloy valve. , hhayi i-carbon steel, i-valve yensimbi engagqwali.
I-valve ye-copper alloy inezinzuzo zamandla aphezulu emishini, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukuphepha okuhle (akukhiqizi ugesi omile), ngakho-ke isizathu sangempela kungenxa yokuthi indawo yokuvala i-valve yesango kulula ukuyigqoka futhi ikhiqize insimbi iyicala eliyinhloko, njengoba ngoba ukwehla kokubekwa uphawu akusona isihluthulelo.
Eqinisweni amasango amaningi epayipi le-oxygen alisetshenziswa njengengozi, ngokuvamile avela ezinhlangothini zombili zomehluko we-valve mkhulu, i-valve ivuleka ngokushesha, izingozi eziningi zibonisa nokuthi umthombo wokuthungela nophethiloli kuyimbangela yokuphela, khubaza. i-valve yesango iyindlela kuphela yokulawula uphethiloli, futhi njalo inhloso yokugqwala, ukwehlisa, uwoyela ovinjelwe kuyafana. Ngokuqondene nokulawula izinga lokugeleza, yenza umsebenzi omuhle wokumisa i-electrostatic ukususa umthombo womlilo. Ngokwami cabanga ukuthi impahla ye-valve yizici, epayipini le-hydrogen nazo zivela nezinkinga ezifanayo, imininingwane emisha inamagama azokhubaza isango elisusiwe, kuyisivumelwano, isihluthulelo sokuthola isizathu, izinkampani eziningi zimane kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingcindezi yokusebenza, ziyaphoqwa. nge-valve ye-alloy yethusi, kodwa njengoba ezinye izingozi zenzeka, ngakho-ke ukulawula umlilo nophethiloli, ukugcinwa ngokucophelela, Okubalulekile ukuqinisa intambo yokuphepha. - Kunikezwe uMnyango Wezobuchwepheshe we-Sanjing Valve
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-28-2022
