Kodi mafotokozedwe a 2, 4 ndi 6 pazitsulo za valve valve ndi chiyani? Valve ya okosijeni, valavu ya chitoliro, kusanthula zifukwa za ma valve kuyaka

Kodi mafotokozedwe a 2, 4 ndi 6 pazitsulo za valve valve ndi chiyani? Valve ya okosijeni, valavu ya chitoliro, kusanthula zifukwa za ma valve kuyaka

Kodi mumasiyanitsa bwanji kukula kwa mavavu? Kodi ndi “mphindi,” “ mainchesi,” kapena “DN…” ? Kodi mukudziwa tanthauzo lake?
Choyamba, tiyeni titchule chiyambi cha "inchi" :
inchi (inchi, yofupikitsidwa monga in.), mu Dutch, tanthauzo lapachiyambi ndi chala chachikulu, inchi ndi kutalika kwa chala chachikulu, ndithudi, kutalika kwa chala chachikulu kumasiyananso.
Dzuwa silinalowe. Ufumu wa Britain unali waukulu. Dzikoli linali lamphamvu komanso linali ndi mawu. M'zaka za zana la 14, King Edward II adalengeza "inchi yovomerezeka". Malinga ndi lamuloli, kutalika kwa njere zazikulu zitatu za tirigu pamzere ndi inchi imodzi (pafupifupi 25.4 mm).
Timafika pa mfundo, kawirikawiri kupita hardware sitolo kugula valavu kapena chitoliro, olowa, etc., sindikumvetsa bwenzi kutenga zitsanzo kugula mwachindunji, oweruza kufotokoza ambiri specifications, kwa mphindi zingapo kapena mainchesi angapo. , kwenikweni kuona valavu madzi ndi chitoliro olowa thupi kapena chizindikiro pa ma CD specifications, monga 1/2 ', 3/4', 1 ', DN15 ndi zina zotero.
Monga tawonetsera pansipa: Vavu yamadzi otentha ndi ozizira kumanja kwa beseni lachimbudzi, kukula kwa DN15.
Okondedwa abwenzi, ngati mukufuna kumvetsetsa ndi kuphunzira kutanthauzira ndi kukula kwa mavavuwa, ndikofunika kukumbukira maubwenzi awa omwe amatembenuka:
Kutembenuka kwa chilinganizo choyambirira: 1 inchi ≈25.4 mm = 8 mfundo (mfundo mwachidule)
Choncho: 1 inchi = 1/8 '(mu) ≈3.175mm
2 inchi = 1/4 '(inchi)
4 inchi = 1/2 '(inchi)
6 inchi = 3/4 '(mu)
(Pofuna kuloweza pamtima, tizigawo ting'onoting'ono ta inchi nthawi zambiri amachulukitsidwa ndi 8 kuti apeze mphambu.)
Chithunzi chotsatirachi chikuwonetsa mgwirizano wapakati pa "mphindi" ndi "mainchesi":
M'moyo, valavu yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi 1/2 '(4 valve), yomwe nthawi zina imatchedwa DN15, kwenikweni, zomwe zimatchulidwa ndizofanana, koma mawonekedwe olembera ndi osiyana.
Kotero ife nthawi zambiri timatcha 4 mfundo ndi 6 mfundo ndi 1 inchi valavu madzi kapena chitoliro madzi, 4 mfundo, 6 mfundo, 1 inchi amatanthauza valavu madzi kapena madzi chitoliro awiri a dongosolo British, dzina lonse ndi British.
Monga taonera pansipa: 1/2 inchi ndi 4 mfundo valavu (DN15) mwadzina awiri a 15, ulusi awiri a za 19mm.
unit: mm
Silk yofananira ikuwonetsedwa motere:
Nthawi zina ngakhale thupi la valavu silinadziwike ndi zizindikiro, tingagwiritse ntchito wolamulira kuti ayese momwe valve ikuyendera, kawirikawiri valavu ya 4 ya ulusi wamkati nthawi zambiri imakhala pafupifupi 18 ~ 20mm, ngati ulusi wakunja ukhoza kuyeza m'mimba mwake. , momwemonso.
Chithunzi chotsatirachi chikuwonetsa mipopi ya makina ochapira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mabanja:
Chithunzi chotsatira ndi 3/4 ', chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti 6 valve (DN20), m'mimba mwake mwadzina 20, nthawi zambiri pafupifupi 24mm mkati mwake.
unit: mm
Chithunzi chotsatirachi chikuwonetsa njira yoyezera kuti muyese pafupifupi valavu ya 4 ndi 6:
Kuchokera pamwambapa, abwenzi ambiri ang'onoang'ono adzasokonezedwa, ma valve a DN amatanthauza chiyani, ma valve a DN DN20 ndi chizindikiro cha m'mimba mwake, m'mimba mwake mwadzina (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti mean outs>
Chifukwa chake DN si mainchesi akunja kapena m'mimba mwake, koma ili pafupi ndi mkati mwake. Otsika kuthamanga kalasi, yaing'ono khoma makulidwe, DN zosakwana m'mimba mwake mkati; Kwa kalasi yothamanga kwambiri, makulidwe a khoma ndi aakulu, ndipo DN ndi yaikulu kuposa yamkati mwake. DN** M'mimba mwake mwadzina, yomwe ili m'mamilimita, koma m'mimba mwake mwadzina ndi kukula kwadzina, osati kukula kwenikweni kwa .
Mwachitsanzo, wopanga chitoliro kapena valavu amawerengera kuti chitoliro chokhala ndi m'mimba mwake wa 102mm ndi makulidwe a khoma la 3mm, ndipo m'mimba mwake wakunja wa chitoliro ndi 108mm. Malinga ndi kapangidwe ka chitoliro chachitsulo, pali chitoliro choterocho. Pankhaniyi, chitoliro ndi m'mimba mwake mkati 102mm ayenera m'gulu awiri mwadzina wa chapafupi, ndiko kuti, valavu kapangidwe ndi DN100. Mwachiwonekere kukula mwadzina kudzakhala kochepa kusiyana ndi mkati mwake. Nthawi ina, chitoliro chokhala ndi mainchesi akunja a 108mm chimagwiritsidwabe ntchito. Chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwakukulu, makulidwe a khoma amayenera kukhala 6mm, kotero kuti mkati mwa chitoliro ndi 96. Panthawiyi, valve yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito idakali DN100, ndipo kukula kwadzina ndi kwakukulu kuposa mkati mwa chitoliro chotsekedwa. .
Chithunzi chotsatira ndi 1 '(mu) DN25 valavu, nthawi zambiri sichitchedwa 8 valavu, m'mimba mwake mwadzina ndi 25, m'mimba mwake ndi pafupifupi 30mm, ndi zina zotero:
Chithunzi pansipa chikuwonetsa vavu ya 1.2 '(mu)DN32 yokhala ndi m'mimba mwake mwadzina 32 ndi ulusi wamkati mwake pafupifupi 39mm.
Chithunzi chotsatira chikuwonetsa valavu ya 1.5 '(mu.)DN40, m'mimba mwake mwadzina ndi 40, m'mimba mwake ya pepala ndi pafupifupi 46mm.
Pansipa pali valavu ya 2 '(in.)DN50 yokhala ndi m'mimba mwake mwadzina 50 ndi ulusi wamkati mwake pafupifupi 56mm.
Chithunzi chotsatirachi chikuwonetsa mgwirizano womwe ulipo pakati pa inchi ya chitoliro ndi kukula kwadzina:
Kupyolera mu kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane komwe kuli pamwamba, kafukufuku wozama, ogwirizana nawo ang'onoang'ono akuyenera kumvetsetsa momwe ma valve amadzimadzi amakhalira, "mfundo" ndi "mainchesi" a tanthauzo lake.
Valve ya okosijeni, valavu ya chitoliro, kusanthula zifukwa za ma valve kuyaka
Valve ya okosijeni, valavu ya chitoliro, kusanthula zifukwa za ma valve kuyaka
Ndi kuchuluka kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka okosijeni, ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri a oxygen akugwiritsa ntchito potumiza mapaipi a oxygen. Chifukwa cha payipi yayitali, kufalikira kwakukulu, komanso kutseguka kofulumira kapena valavu yotseka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti paipi ya oxygen ndi ngozi zoyaka moto zichitike nthawi ndi nthawi, kotero, *** kusanthula mapaipi a oxygen ndi chitseko chozizira chomwe chilipo zoopsa zobisika, zoopsa, ndipo kuchitapo kanthu kofananira ndikofunikira.
Choyamba, angapo wamba mpweya payipi, valavu kuyaka chifukwa kusanthula
1. Dzimbiri, fumbi ndi kuwotcherera slag mu mikangano mapaipi ndi khoma lamkati la payipi kapena valavu doko, kuchititsa kuyaka kwakukulu.
Izi zikugwirizana ndi mtundu wa zonyansa, kukula kwa tinthu ndi kuthamanga kwa mpweya. Iron ufa ndi yosavuta kuwotcha ndi mpweya, ndi bwino tinthu kukula, m'munsi poyatsira mfundo; Kuthamanga kwa gasi, m'pamenenso kumayaka.
2. Pali mafuta, mphira ndi zinthu zina zokhala ndi poyatsira pang'ono mupaipi kapena valavu, zomwe zimayaka kutentha kwambiri komweko.
Poyatsira zinthu zingapo zoyaka mu oxygen (pamphamvu ya mumlengalenga);
Dzina la malo oyatsira mafuta (℃)
Mafuta opaka 273 ~ 305
Vulcanized fiber mat 304
mphira 130 ~ 170
Fluorine rabara 474
Zogwirizana ndi 392 b
Teflon 507
3. Kutentha kwakukulu komwe kumapangidwa ndi kuponderezedwa kwa adiabatic kumayambitsa zoyaka moto
Mwachitsanzo, valavu isanakhale 15MPa, kutentha ndi 20 ℃, ndipo kuthamanga kumbuyo kwa valve ndi 0.1MPa. Ngati valavu yatsegulidwa mwamsanga, kutentha kwa mpweya pambuyo pa valavu kumatha kufika 553 ℃ molingana ndi adiabatic compression formula, yomwe yafika kapena kupitirira poyatsira zinthu zina.
4. Kuchepetsa poyatsira zinthu zomwe zitha kuyaka mumphamvu ya okosijeni wangwiro ndiko kuchititsa kuyaka kwa valavu ya oxygen.
Oxygen mapaipi ndi valavu mu kuthamanga koyera mpweya, chiwopsezo ndi chachikulu kwambiri, mayeso watsimikizira kuti moto wa akhoza inversely proportional ndi lalikulu la kuthamanga, amene amaika chiwopsezo chachikulu kwa payipi mpweya ndi valavu.
Chachiwiri, njira zodzitetezera
1. Mapangidwewo azitsatira malamulo ndi miyezo yoyenera
Mapangidwewo akuyenera kutsatira Unduna wa Zazitsulo wa 1981 woperekedwa ndi Iron and Steel Enterprise oxygen pipe network ya malamulo angapo, komanso malamulo okhudzana ndi chitetezo cha mpweya ndi mpweya wokhudzana ndi chitetezo cha gasi (GB16912-1997), "code design ya oxygen" (GB50030- 91) ndi malamulo ena ndi miyezo.
(1) Kuthamanga kwakukulu kwa mpweya mu chitoliro cha carbon zitsulo chiyenera kugwirizana ndi tebulo ili.
Kuthamanga kwakukulu kwa mpweya mu chitoliro cha carbon steel:
Kupanikizika kwantchito (MPa) 0.1 0.1 ~ 0.6 0.6 ~ 1.6 1.6 ~ 3.0
Kuthamanga (m/s) 20, 13, 10, 8
(2) Pofuna kupewa moto, gawo la aloyi yamkuwa kapena chitoliro chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chokhala ndi kutalika kosachepera 5 kutalika kwa chitoliro ndi osachepera 1.5m chiyenera kulumikizidwa kuseri kwa vavu ya okosijeni.
(3) Chigongongono ndi mutu wa bifurcation ziyenera kukhala zochepa momwe zingathere mupaipi ya okosijeni. Chigongono cha payipi ya okosijeni yokhala ndi mphamvu yogwira ntchito yopitilira 0.1MPa iyenera kupangidwa ndi valavu yamtundu wa flange. Mayendedwe a mpweya wa mutu wa bifurcation ayenera kukhala ma angles 45 mpaka 60 kuchokera kumbali ya mpweya waukulu.
(4) Mu kuwotcherera matako a concave-otukukirani flange, mkuwa kuwotcherera waya ntchito ngati O-mphete, amene ndi odalirika kusindikiza mawonekedwe a mpweya flange ndi kuyaka.
(5) Paipi ya okosijeni iyenera kukhala ndi chipangizo chabwino choyendetsa, kukana kwapansi kuyenera kukhala kosakwana 10, kukana pakati pa flanges kuyenera kukhala kosakwana 0,03.
(6) Mapeto a payipi yaikulu ya okosijeni mu msonkhano ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi chitoliro chotulutsa mpweya kuti athe kuyeretsa ndi kubwezeretsa payipi ya okosijeni. Paipi ya okosijeni yayitali isanalowe mu valavu yoyendetsera msonkhano, fyuluta iyenera kukhazikitsidwa.
2. Kusamala Kuyika
(1) magawo onse okhudzana ndi okosijeni ayenera kuchepetsedwa kwambiri, kuchotsedwa ndi mpweya wouma kapena nayitrogeni popanda mafuta.
(2) kuwotcherera kudzakhala kuwotcherera kwa argon arc kapena kuwotcherera kwa arc.
3. Kusamala pogwira ntchito
(1) Poyatsa ndi kuzimitsa valavu ya oxygen, iyenera kuchitika pang'onopang'ono. Wogwira ntchitoyo ayenera kuyima pambali pa valve ndikutsegula kamodzi.
(2) Ndizoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito okosijeni kupaka mapaipi kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya kuyesa kutayikira ndi kuthamanga.
(3) Kukhazikitsa dongosolo la matikiti ogwirira ntchito, ntchito isanachitike, njira, mikhalidwe yofotokozera mwatsatanetsatane ndi zoperekedwa.
(4) Ma valve opangidwa ndi okosijeni okhala ndi m'mimba mwake kuposa 70mm amaloledwa kugwira ntchito pokhapokha kusiyana kwapakati pakati pa kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa valve kumachepetsedwa kukhala osachepera 0.3MPa.
4. Kusamala pakukonza
(1) Paipi ya okosijeni iyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi kusamalidwa pafupipafupi, kuchotsa dzimbiri ndi kupenta, zaka 3 mpaka 5 zilizonse.
(2) Vavu yachitetezo ndi geji yopimira paipiyo iyenera kuyang'aniridwa pafupipafupi, kamodzi pachaka.
(3) Sinthani chipangizo choyatsira pansi.
(4) Asanayambe ntchito yotentha, m'malo ndi kuyeretsa kuyenera kuchitika. Pamene mpweya wokwanira mu mpweya wowombedwa ndi 18% ~ 23%, umayenerera.
(5) Vavu, flange, gasket ndi chitoliro, kusankha koyenera kwa chitoliro kuyenera kutsata "Malamulo okhudzana ndi chitetezo cha mpweya wa oxygen" (GB16912-1997).
(6) Khazikitsani mafayilo aukadaulo, kuyendetsa sitima, kukonzanso ndi kukonza antchito.
5. Njira zina zotetezera
(1) Kupititsa patsogolo kufunikira kwa ogwira ntchito yomanga, kukonza ndi kuyendetsa ntchito ku chitetezo.
(2) kupititsa patsogolo kusamala kwa ogwira ntchito.
(3) Kukweza mlingo wa sayansi ndi luso lamakono.
(4) Pitirizani kukonza dongosolo loperekera mpweya.
Pomaliza:
Chifukwa chomwe valve yachipata imaletsedwera kwenikweni chifukwa kusindikiza pamwamba pa valavu yachipata mu kayendetsedwe kachibale (ndiko kuti, kusintha kwa valve) kumayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa abrasion chifukwa cha kukangana, kamodzi kowonongeka, pali ufa wachitsulo kuchokera pamwamba pa kusindikiza. , tinthu tating'ono totere ta ufa wachitsulo ndi zosavuta kuwotcha, izi ndiye ngozi yeniyeni.
M'malo mwake, payipi ya okosijeni imaletsedwa kulowa pachipata, ma valve ena oyimitsa amakhala ndi ngozi, malo osindikizira a valve oyimitsa adzawonongeka, zomwe zingakhale zowopsa, zomwe mabizinesi ambiri amakumana nazo ndikuti mapaipi a oxygen onse amagwiritsa ntchito valavu yamkuwa. , osati chitsulo cha carbon, valve yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.
Valve ya Copper alloy ili ndi ubwino wa mphamvu zamakina apamwamba, kukana kuvala, chitetezo chabwino (sichimapanga magetsi osasunthika), choncho chifukwa chenichenicho ndi chifukwa chakuti kusindikiza pamwamba pa valve yachipata kumakhala kosavuta kuvala ndi kupanga chitsulo ndicho chifukwa chachikulu, monga pakuti kuchepa kwa kusindikiza sichinsinsi.
M'malo mwake, chipata cha payipi ya okosijeni sichimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ngozi, nthawi zambiri chimawonekera kumbali zonse ziwiri za kusiyana kwa valavu ndikukulirakulira, valavu imatseguka mwachangu, ngozi zambiri zikuwonetsanso kuti gwero loyatsira ndi mafuta ndiye chifukwa chakumapeto, kuletsa. valavu yachipata ndi njira yokhayo yochepetsera mafuta, ndipo nthawi zonse cholinga cha dzimbiri, kuchepetsa, mafuta oletsedwa ndi ofanana. Ponena za kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa otaya, chitani ntchito yabwino ya electrostatic grounding ndikuchotsa gwero lamoto. Payekha kuganiza kuti valavu zinthu ndi zinthu, pa chitoliro wa haidrojeni kuonekanso mavuto ofanana, specifications latsopano mawu adzalepheretse chipata kuchotsedwa, ndi pangano, chinsinsi kupeza chifukwa, makampani ambiri chabe mosasamala kanthu kuthamanga ntchito, amakakamizika. ndi valavu yamkuwa aloyi, koma monga ngozi zina zimachitika, kotero kulamulira moto ndi mafuta, kusamalira mosamala, Chinsinsi ndi kumangitsa chingwe chitetezo. - Zoperekedwa ndi Sanjing Valve Technology Department