Menene ƙayyadaddun maki 2, 4 da 6 a cikin kayan aikin bututun bawul? Oxygen bawul, bututu bawul, bawul konewa dalilai bincike
Ta yaya kuke bambance girman bawul? Shin "minti," "inci," ko "DN..."? Kun san abin da ake nufi?
Da farko, bari mu inganta asalin “inch”:
inci (inci, an rage shi kamar a cikin.), A cikin Yaren mutanen Holland, ainihin ma'anar shine babban yatsan yatsa, inci shine tsawon babban yatsan hannu, ba shakka, tsayin yatsan shima ya bambanta.
Rana bata fadi ba. Daular Burtaniya tayi girma. Ƙasar tana da ƙarfi kuma tana da murya. A cikin karni na 14, Sarki Edward II ya ba da sanarwar "daidaitaccen inci na doka". Bisa ga ka'ida, tsawon manyan hatsi uku na alkama a jere shine inci daya (kimanin 25.4 mm).
Mun isa ga ma'ana, yawanci je kantin kayan masarufi don siyan bawul ko bututu, haɗin gwiwa, da sauransu, kar ku fahimci samfuran ɗaukar aboki don siyan kai tsaye, yin hukunci da cikakken bayanin ƙayyadaddun bayanai, don 'yan mintoci kaɗan ko inci kaɗan. , a zahiri ganin bawul ɗin ruwa da jikin haɗin gwiwar bututu ko alama akan ƙayyadaddun marufi, kamar 1/2 ', 3/4', 1', DN15 da sauransu.
Kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa: Bawul ɗin kusurwar dama mai zafi da sanyi don kwandon bayan gida, girman DN15.
Ya ku abokai, idan kuna son fahimta kuma ku koyi ƙayyadaddun bayanai da girman waɗannan bawul ɗin, yana da mahimmanci ku kiyaye alaƙar juzu'i na gama gari:
Tushen dabara: 1 inch ≈25.4 mm = 8 maki (maki ga gajere)
Don haka: 1 inch = 1/8 '(a) ≈3.175mm
2 inch = 1/4 '(inch)
4 inch = 1/2 '(inch)
6 inch = 3/4 '(in)
(Don dalilai na haddar, ƴan ɓangarorin inci ɗaya yawanci ana ninka su da 8 don samun maki.)
Hoto mai zuwa yana nuna alakar tsakanin "minti" da "inci" :
A cikin rayuwa, bawul ɗin da aka fi amfani da shi shine 1/2 '(4 bawul), wani lokaci ana lakafta shi azaman DN15, a zahiri, ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun abubuwa iri ɗaya ne, amma nau'in lakabin ya bambanta.
Don haka yawanci muna kiran maki 4 da maki 6 da inch water valve ko bututun ruwa, maki 4, maki 6, inch 1 yana nufin bawul ɗin ruwa ko diamita na bututun ruwa na tsarin Burtaniya, cikakken suna shine Birtaniyya.
Kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa: 1/2 inch ne 4 point valve (DN15) diamita mara kyau na 15, diamita zaren kusan 19mm.
Naúrar: mm
Ana nuna siliki mai dacewa kamar ƙasa:
Wani lokaci ko da bawul jiki ba a alama da bayani dalla-dalla, za mu iya amfani da wani mai mulki wajen auna ƙayyadaddun da bawul, yawanci 4 bawul ga ciki thread yawanci diamita na game da 18 ~ 20mm, idan waje zaren za a iya auna thread diamita. , duk daya.
Hoton mai zuwa yana nuna famfunan injin wanki da aka saba amfani da su a cikin iyalai:
Wannan adadi shine 3/4', wanda kuma aka sani da 6 bawul (DN20), diamita mara kyau na 20, yawanci kusan 24mm cikin diamita.
Naúrar: mm
Hoto mai zuwa yana nuna hanyar aunawa don kimanta bawul ɗin maki 4 da 6:
Daga abin da ke sama, yawancin ƙananan abokan tarayya za su rikice, ƙayyadaddun bawul DN yana nufin abin da, a gaskiya, DN bawul ƙayyadaddun DN20 alama ce ta diamita mara kyau, diamita mara kyau (kuma aka sani da nufin fita>
Don haka DN ba diamita na waje ba ko diamita na ciki, amma ya fi kusa da diamita na ciki. Ƙananan matsi, ƙananan kauri na bango, DN ƙasa da diamita na ciki; Don aji mai girma, kaurin bango yana da girma, kuma DN ya fi diamita na ciki. DN** Diamita na ƙididdiga, wanda ke cikin millimeters, amma diamita na ƙididdigewa shine girman ƙididdiga, ba ainihin girman .
Misali, wanda ya zana bututu ko bawul ya yi lissafin cewa ana buƙatar bututu mai diamita na ciki na 102mm da kauri na bango na 3mm, kuma diamita na waje na bututun shine 108mm. Bisa ga tsarin ƙira na bututun ƙarfe, akwai irin wannan bututu. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata a rarraba bututu tare da diamita na ciki na 102mm azaman diamita mara kyau na mafi kusa, wato, ƙirar bawul ɗin shine DN100. Babu shakka girman ƙididdiga zai zama ƙasa da diamita na ciki. A wani yanayin, ana amfani da bututu tare da diamita na waje na 108mm. Saboda matsanancin matsin lamba, ana buƙatar kauri na bango ya zama 6mm, don haka diamita na ciki na bututun shine 96. A wannan lokacin, bawul ɗin da aka yi amfani da shi har yanzu DN100 ne, kuma girman ƙima ya fi diamita na ciki na rufaffiyar bututun. .
Hoto mai zuwa shine 1 '(a) DN25 bawul, yawanci ba a kiransa 8 bawul, diamita mara kyau shine 25, diamita zaren kusan 30mm, da sauransu:
Hoton da ke ƙasa yana nuna bawul ɗin 1.2 '(in.)DN32 tare da diamita mara kyau na 32 da diamita na ciki na kamar 39mm.
Hoto mai zuwa yana nuna bawul ɗin 1.5 '(in.)DN40, diamita mara kyau shine 40, diamita takarda yana kusan 46mm
A ƙasa akwai bawul ɗin 2 '(in.)DN50 tare da ƙananan diamita na 50 da diamita na ciki na kusan 56mm
Hoto mai zuwa yana nuna madaidaicin alakar dake tsakanin inci bututu da girman ƙima:
Ta hanyar bayanan da aka kwatanta a sama, bincike mai zurfi, ƙananan abokan hulɗa ya kamata su fahimci ƙayyadaddun bawul na ruwa na rayuwa na yau da kullum, "maki" da "inci" na ma'anarsa.
Oxygen bawul, bututu bawul, bawul konewa dalilai bincike
Oxygen bawul, bututu bawul, bawul konewa dalilai bincike
Tare da karuwar yawan iskar oxygen, manyan masu amfani da iskar oxygen suna amfani da isar da bututun iskar oxygen. Saboda dogon bututun, rarrabawa mai faɗi, tare da saurin buɗewa ko rufe bawul, wanda ke haifar da bututun iskar oxygen da haɗarin konewar bawul daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, don haka, *** nazarin bututun iskar oxygen da kofa mai sanyi data kasance ɓoyayyun haɗari, haɗari, kuma ɗaukar matakan da suka dace yana da mahimmanci.
Na farko, yawancin bututun iskar oxygen na kowa, konewar bawul yana haifar da bincike
1. Tsatsa, ƙura da waldawa a cikin bututun bututun tare da bangon ciki na bututun ko tashar bawul, yana haifar da ƙonewa mai zafi.
Wannan yanayin yana da alaƙa da nau'in ƙazanta, girman barbashi da saurin iska. Iron foda yana da sauƙin ƙonawa tare da oxygen, kuma mafi girman girman ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, ƙananan ma'anar kunnawa; Da sauri saurin iskar gas, zai fi yuwuwar ƙonewa.
2. Akwai man shafawa, roba da sauran abubuwa tare da ƙananan wuta a cikin bututun ko bawul, wanda zai ƙone a babban zafin jiki na gida.
Wurin kunnawa na abubuwa da yawa masu ƙonewa a cikin iskar oxygen (a matsa lamba na yanayi);
Sunan wurin kunna wuta (℃)
Man shafawa 273 ~ 305
Vulcanized fiber mat 304
Rubber 130 ~ 170
Fluorine roba 474
Haɗin kai tare da 392 b
Farashin 507
3. Yawan zafin jiki da ake samu ta hanyar matsawa adiabatic yana haifar da konewa
Alal misali, kafin bawul ne 15MPa, da zazzabi ne 20 ℃, da kuma matsa lamba a baya da bawul ne 0.1MPa. Idan an buɗe bawul ɗin da sauri, zafin oxygen bayan bawul ɗin zai iya kaiwa 553 ℃ bisa ga tsarin matsawa adiabatic, wanda ya kai ko ya wuce wurin kunnawa na wasu abubuwa.
4. Rage ma'anar kunnawa na kayan da ake iya ƙonewa a cikin babban matsa lamba mai tsabta mai tsabta shine ƙaddamar da konewar bututun iskar oxygen.
Oxygen bututun da bawul a cikin babban matsa lamba mai tsabta oxygen, hadarin yana da girma sosai, gwajin ya tabbatar da cewa wutar lantarki na iya zama daidai da murabba'in matsa lamba, wanda ke haifar da babbar barazana ga bututun oxygen da bawul.
Na biyu, matakan kariya
1. Zane zai bi ka'idoji da ka'idoji masu dacewa
Zane ya kamata ya bi 1981 Ma'aikatar Metallurgy bayar da Iron da Karfe Enterprise oxygen bututu cibiyar sadarwa na da yawa dokoki, kazalika da oxygen da kuma alaka gas aminci fasahar (GB16912-1997), "Oxygen tashar design code" (GB50030- 91) da sauran ka'idoji da ka'idoji.
(1) Babban adadin iskar oxygen a cikin bututun karfe ya kamata ya dace da tebur mai zuwa.
Babban adadin iskar oxygen a cikin bututun karfe na carbon:
Matsin aiki (MPa) 0.1 0.1 ~ 0.6 0.6 ~ 1.6 1.6 ~ 3.0
Yawan gudu (m/s) 20, 13, 10, 8
(2) Don hana wuta, dole ne a haɗa wani yanki na ƙarfe na ƙarfe na ƙarfe ko bututun bakin karfe tare da tsayin da ba kasa da sau 5 da diamita na bututu ba kuma ba ƙasa da 1.5m ba a bayan bawul ɗin oxygen.
(3) Ya kamata a saita kan gwiwar hannu da bifurcation kaɗan gwargwadon yiwuwa a cikin bututun iskar oxygen. Hannun gwiwar bututun oxygen tare da matsin aiki sama da 0.1MPa yakamata a yi shi da nau'in bawul mai hatimi. Hanyar tafiyar iska na shugaban bifurcation zai zama kusurwoyi 45 zuwa 60 daga alkiblar babban iskar.
(4) A cikin butt waldi na concave-convex flange, jan waldi waya da ake amfani da matsayin O-ring, wanda shi ne abin dogara sealing nau'i na oxygen flange da flammability.
(5) Bututun iskar oxygen ya kamata ya sami na'urar gudanarwa mai kyau, juriya na ƙasa ya kamata ya zama ƙasa da 10, juriya tsakanin flanges yakamata ya zama ƙasa da 0.03.
(6) Ya kamata a ƙara ƙarshen babban bututun iskar oxygen a cikin bitar tare da bututun saki don sauƙaƙe tsaftacewa da maye gurbin bututun iskar oxygen. Kafin dogon bututun iskar oxygen ya shiga bawul mai daidaitawa a cikin bitar, yakamata a saita tacewa.
2. Kariyar Shigarwa
(1) duk sassan da ke hulɗa da iskar oxygen ya kamata a rage su sosai, a lalata su da bushewar iska ko nitrogen ba tare da mai ba.
(2) Welding ya zama argon baka waldi ko baka waldi.
3. Kariya ga Aiki
(1) Lokacin kunnawa da kashe bawul ɗin oxygen, yakamata a aiwatar da shi a hankali. Mai aiki ya kamata ya tsaya a gefen bawul kuma ya buɗe shi sau ɗaya a wuri.
(2) An haramta shi sosai don amfani da iskar oxygen don goge bututun ko amfani da iskar oxygen don gwada zubewa da matsa lamba.
(3) Aiwatar da tsarin tikitin aiki, a gaba da aiwatar da manufar, hanya, yanayi don yin cikakken bayani da tanadi.
(4) Hannun bawul ɗin oxygen tare da diamita fiye da 70mm an yarda su yi aiki kawai lokacin da bambancin matsa lamba tsakanin gaba da baya na bawul ɗin ya ragu zuwa ƙasa da 0.3MPa.
4. Kariya don kiyayewa
(1) Ya kamata a rika duba bututun iskar Oxygen a kai a kai a kula da shi, a cire tsatsa da fenti, duk bayan shekara 3 zuwa 5.
(2) Bawul ɗin aminci da ma'aunin matsa lamba akan bututun ya kamata a duba akai-akai, sau ɗaya a shekara.
(3) Inganta na'urar saukar da ƙasa.
(4) Kafin aikin zafi, ya kamata a yi maye gurbin da tsaftacewa. Lokacin da abun ciki na iskar oxygen a cikin iskar gas ya kasance 18% ~ 23%, ya cancanta.
(5) Valve, flange, gasket da bututu, zaɓin dacewa da bututu ya kamata su bi ka'idodin fasaha na oxygen da iskar gas mai alaƙa (GB16912-1997) abubuwan da suka dace.
(6) Kafa fayilolin fasaha, aikin jirgin ƙasa, gyaran fuska da ma'aikatan kulawa.
5. Sauran matakan tsaro
(1) Inganta mahimmancin gini, kulawa da ma'aikatan aiki zuwa aminci.
(2) inganta tsaro na ma'aikatan gudanarwa.
(3) Haɓaka matakin kimiyya da fasaha.
(4) Ci gaba da inganta tsarin isar da iskar oxygen.
Ƙarshe:
Dalilin da yasa aka dakatar da bawul ɗin ƙofar shine a zahiri saboda rufe saman bawul ɗin ƙofar a cikin motsin dangi (wato, canjin bawul) zai haifar da lalacewa saboda gogayya, da zarar ya lalace, akwai foda baƙin ƙarfe daga saman rufewa a kashe. , Irin wannan ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙarfe na ƙarfe foda yana da sauƙin ƙonewa, wannan shine ainihin haɗari.
A zahiri, bututun iskar oxygen an hana shi zuwa bawul ɗin ƙofar, sauran bawul ɗin tasha suna da haɗari, shingen shinge na bawul ɗin tsayawa zai lalace, kamar yadda wataƙila zai iya zama haɗari, ƙwarewar masana'antu da yawa shine cewa bututun oxygen duk suna amfani da bawul ɗin alloy na jan karfe. , ba carbon karfe, bakin karfe bawul.
Copper gami bawul yana da abũbuwan amfãni daga high inji ƙarfi, sa juriya, mai kyau aminci (ba ya samar da a tsaye wutar lantarki), don haka ainihin dalilin shi ne saboda sealing surface na ƙofar bawul ne mai sauki sawa da kuma samar da baƙin ƙarfe ne babban laifi, kamar yadda. don raguwar rufewa ba shine mabuɗin ba.
A gaskiya yawancin ƙofa na bututun iskar oxygen ba a amfani da su azaman haɗari, yawanci suna bayyana a bangarorin biyu na bambancin matsa lamba na bawul ya fi girma, bawul ɗin yana buɗewa da sauri, hatsarori da yawa kuma suna nuna cewa tushen kunnawa da man fetur shine sanadin ƙarshen, kashe. bawul ɗin ƙofar hanya ce kawai don sarrafa man fetur, kuma a kai a kai manufar tsatsa, lalata, man da aka haramta duk iri ɗaya ne. Amma game da kula da ƙimar kwarara, yin aiki mai kyau na ƙasan wutar lantarki shine kawar da tushen wuta. Da kaina tunanin cewa bawul abu ne dalilai, a kan hydrogen bututu kuma bayyana irin wannan matsaloli, da sabon bayani dalla-dalla da kalmomi za su musaki gate cire, shi ne shaida, mabuɗin gano dalilin, da yawa kamfanoni ne kawai ba tare da la'akari da aiki matsa lamba, an tilasta. ta hanyar bawul ɗin alloy na jan ƙarfe, amma kamar yadda wasu hatsarori ke faruwa, don haka sarrafa wuta da man fetur, kulawa da hankali, Makullin shine ƙara ƙarfin aminci. - Sashen Fasaha na Sanjing Valve ya bayar
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-28-2022
