The Ultimate Medical Hackathon: Kodi tingapangire mwachangu bwanji ndikuyika ma ventilator otseguka?

[Gui Cavalcanti] (dzina lomwe mungalizindikire kuchokera ku MegaBots) adalankhula ndi dokotala ku San Francisco ndipo adalankhula za zopumira. Funso ndilakuti, kodi titha kupanga ndikuyika pulogalamu yotseguka munthawi yake kuti tithandizire anthu?
Malipoti odetsa nkhawa ochokera ku Italy akuwonetsa kuti kachilomboka kakalowa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo, zida zofunika kwambiri ndi makina opangira mpweya. Tsoka ilo, akusowa.
Zikafika pa mtundu wanji wopumira womwe ukufunika, vuto limakhala lovuta, ndipo CPAP, BIPAP kapena Hi-Flo oxygen NIV zonse zimachotsedwa. Kachitidwe kameneka kamayambitsa kachilomboka ndipo pafupifupi zimatsimikizira kuti aliyense amene ali pafupi atenga kachilomboka.
Zomwe timafunikira ndi NIV yozikidwa pa cannula ya m'mphuno. Dongosololo limanyowetsa mpweya, kuwusakaniza ndi okosijeni, ndiyeno mosalekeza kuukankhira m’mapapu a munthu. Ngati titha kupanga dongosolo losavuta komanso lothandiza, ndiye kuti titha kutumiza mapulaniwa kumafakitale padziko lonse lapansi ndikumaliza. Ngati fakitale imatikhumudwitsa, tiyeni anthu azimasulira kunyumba.
Ngati simukutsimikiza ngati mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chowongolera mpweya, mutha kuyesa mafunso ena. Kodi mutha kupanga ma algorithm kuti muwone ngati munthu akufunika mpweya wabwino. Kodi tingabwezerenso masks a n95? Kodi titha kupanga masks a n95 kunyumba? Ogwira ntchito amafunikiranso hema wokakamiza kuti azitha kulandira odwala. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka ngati tikufuna kumanga malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena ofesi. Pomaliza, ngati ndinu katswiri wa zamankhwala, kodi mungaphunzitse anthu momwe angathandizire?
Ndine dotolo wogonetsa anthu/ wozama, kotero ndine katswiri wamakina opumira mpweya. Chipangizo chofotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi si chothandizira mpweya, koma catheter yamphuno yothamanga kwambiri. Mpweya umatenthedwa ndikunyowetsedwa kuti usawumitse mucous nembanemba. Nthawi zambiri amagulitsidwa pansi pa mtundu wa Optiflow ndipo ayenera kukhala osavuta kupanga potulutsa mpweya kudzera m'madzi a 37-40C.
Ngati ndimvetsetsa bwino, kutuluka kwa cannula yamphuno yothamanga kwambiri kudzakhala kwakukulu kwambiri. Pakuthamanga kumeneku, gwero la mpweya wamankhwala kapena mpweya wa okosijeni lingakhale vuto lalikulu kwambiri.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa kuwotcherera okosijeni ndi okosijeni wakuchipatala? Kodi zilibe kanthu ngati mpweya siwoyera kwambiri?
Kunena zowona, sizili choncho pakachitika ngozi. Iwo amachokera ku ndondomeko yomweyo. Oxygen ndi woopsa kwambiri kotero kuti uyenera kusefa zinthu zilizonse zomwe zingatulutse zopsereza ndi zochitika.
Ndikukhulupirira zomwe ankatanthauza kuti chiyero cha kuwotcherera mpweya chimakhala chofanana ndi mpweya wamankhwala, chifukwa mwinamwake zidzayambitsa moto (kuphulika?) ngozi chifukwa cha zonyansa mu chotengera choponderezedwa.
Storm Raven: Kunena mwaukadaulo, mukulondola, koma kwenikweni, kuchuluka kwa okosijeni kumatha kuwotcha zinthu zomwe zili kale zosapsa komanso zowopsa kwambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ali ndi zizindikiro zochenjeza kulikonse.
Khwangwala wa Mkuntho: Pansipa-kulakwitsa kotheratu. Oxygen ndi yoyaka kwambiri ndipo ndi bomba. Kukangana kungayambitse kuphulika. Muyenera kumvetsetsa. Ngakhale pamalo okwera m'chipindamo, amatha kuyatsa mosavuta. Owotcherera sayenera kukhudza zowonjezera ndi manja akuda. Kusakaniza kwa gasi kolakwika ndi koopsa. Ndi kuzindikira koyenera, mutha kupanga chopumira chanu. Ndi bwino kupuma mpweya. Zinthu zapadera zimagwira ntchito pakuthawira pansi. Nthawi zambiri amatchedwa Nitrox. 32% kapena kuchepera ndi poizoni kwambiri pa 30 mapazi bar. ndi zina zambiri.
Ku Raul-Storm Khwangwala ndikulondola. Oxygen sungapse. Oxygen ndi chothandizira chabe, popanda izo, simungawotche. Komanso, sizipangitsa kuti zinthu ziwonjezeke. Kuphulika kwa zinthu kumadalira mtundu wa mankhwala a zinthu ndi kukwera komwe kulipo. Kupanda kutero, wina akayatsa choyatsira ndudu, mpweya wonse umayaka moto.
Zee ndi Storm Raven. Lawilo limayamba chifukwa cha kutulutsa kwamphamvu kwamankhwala pakati pa hydrocarbon ndi okosijeni. Pankhaniyi, okosijeni ndi okosijeni, kotero mpweya ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu ziwiri zoyaka moto. Malinga ndi malingaliro anu, ma hydrocarbon siosavuta kuyaka mumlengalenga wopanda mpweya. Komanso, Zee si chothandizira chifukwa kwathunthu kudyedwa anachita. Kuyaka kumangofunika ma hydrocarbon, mpweya ndi gwero loyatsira. Pamlingo woyenera, magetsi osasunthika angayambitse kuphulika.
Sindingathe kuyimira wina aliyense, koma bola ngati mpweya ukudutsa mu fyuluta yamtundu wina, ndidzakhala wokondwa kupuma O2.
Njira ina ya okosijeni ingakhale chipangizo chotchedwa concentrator. Malingana ngati ali ndi magetsi oti agwiritse ntchito (kapena zambiri, ndiyenera kudalira zipangizo zanga), akhoza kupereka zoposa 2 L / min 95% O2 mphamvu mu nthawi yeniyeni. Zida zomwe ndizofala kwambiri pamsika (ngakhale ndikukayikira kuti ndi zida zachipatala, ngakhale Amazon amazigulitsa).
"Ndikukumbukira @PHintjens anali atagona pabedi ndi botolo la okosijeni chifukwa anali ndi khansa ya m'mapapo. Amapita ku Brico kukagula nyali yowotcherera yokhala ndi botolo la okosijeni, yomwe ingathandize # oxygen#呼吸#MacGyver https://bricodepot.fr/ catalogue/poste-a-souder-bi-gaz/prod13363/”
Ndikukonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito brazing (acetylene-oxygen) kuwotcherera chimango chanjinga changa chachitsulo. Gasi adzaphulitsa nyumbayo, koma muyenera kumangirira botolo. Ndipo pali malamulo am'deralo okhudza izi.
Magawo ambiri amakono opangidwa ndi mains adzafika 95% pa mphamvu ya 5lpm. Magawo akale akuvutika kupitilira 3lpm
The high flow oxygen therapy ndi pafupifupi 30-70lpm, kotero mwatsoka concentrator sanadule mpiru.
Kumvetsetsa kwanga ndikuti palibe kusiyana pakati pa mpweya womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pazachipatala ndi kuwotcherera wokha. Chidebe chopangira okosijeni wachipatala chili ndi unyolo wathunthu wosungidwa ndipo sichinaswe. Amasunga thankiyo kuti isaipitsidwe. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito thanki yatsopano yosungiramo, kenaka khazikitsani mndandanda watsopano wosungira ndikusunga. Funso langa ndilakuti zimavuta bwanji kudzaza tanki yamadzi. Zonse ndi zosangalatsa. Kodi cholumikizira okosijeni chikhoza kuwonjezeredwa pamapangidwewo?
Monga munthu yemwe ali ndi zaka zambiri zopumira zowotcherera, mpweya wa okosijeni sunakhalepo vuto. Dipatimenti yathu yamoto idadzazanso BA (zida zopumira) zonse kuchokera kumakampani monga Airgas. Palibe zosefera zomwe zimafunikira.
Ndine woyendetsa mbewu za cryogenic kwa wogwiritsa ntchito waku US. Ndimapanga mpweya wamadzimadzi makamaka woyendetsa mpweya wa oxygen (ABO). Chachiwiri, madzi omwewo amatenthedwanso ndikusandulika kukhala okosijeni wopatsa mphamvu kwambiri wopangira mankhwala ndi makina owotcherera. Oxygen ndi ya kalasi yomweyi. Kusiyana kokha ndiko kachitidwe komwe silinda yothamanga kwambiri imagwirizanitsidwa ndi ntchito yomaliza. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwachipatala kumagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapaipi opanda mafuta komanso osabala, pomwe zowotcherera zimagwiritsa ntchito zosamva mafuta (osati kwenikweni) komanso zida zonyansa. Kuyera ndi 94% kapena kupitilira apo. Zowonongeka (monga methane, acetylene, nitrous oxide) zimasungidwa m'munsi mwa mlingo womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ku ABO. Ngati mulingo woyipitsidwa upitilira mulingo uwu, tayani, yeretsani ndikudzazanso thanki kuti mupeze zitsanzo zodzaza . Sindinabwezerepo gulu pamlingo wosatetezeka pantchito yanga ya fakitale kwa zaka 10.
Pali jenereta yonyamula mpweya wa okosijeni. Chifukwa chiyani zida zomwezo sizingamangidwe m'chipinda chothandizira mpweya kuti achepetse kufunikira kwa okosijeni wapaipi komanso kuchepetsa mwayi wophulika? O2 imapangidwa mu situ ndikudyedwa pamenepo.
Oxygen sichidzaphulika. Imathandizira kuyaka, koma kusowa kwamafuta oyaka kumangopangitsa kuti gwero loyatsira liwotche bwino, ndikuganiza kuti zikhala zotentha.
Monga ndikudziwira, mpweya umachokera ku gwero limodzi, ndipo zonse ndi zofanana. Mpweya womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito popumira kapena kuthawa uyenera kutsukidwa musanadzazidwenso kuti muwonetsetse chiyero chotsimikizika, pomwe masilinda akumafakitale akubwerera Akamadzazanso. Ndakhala ndikugwiritsa ntchito okosijeni waku mafakitale kwa zaka zambiri, ndipo chopumira chosambira chikagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka 5, palibe zoyipa. Ndikulonjeza kuti ndizigwiritsa ntchito pamoyo ndi imfa.
Kuti mupewe moto, musagwiritse ntchito timitengo ta waxy pamilomo yanu. Milomo imauma mukatulutsa mpweya. Anamwino a kumalo osamalira odwala anawauza kuti asinthe n’kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta odzola a KY—kugwiritsa ntchito mosiyana ndi mmene ankafunira.
Mofananamo, mpweya wabwino wokwanira umapangitsa thupi kusiya kupuma. Payenera kukhala osachepera kuchuluka kwa mpweya woipa m'magazi kuti munthu ayambe kupuma. Sindinachite ntchito iliyonse yachipatala.
Ndakhala ndikuwotcherera gasi kuyambira zaka za m'ma 1960, ndipo kupuma mpweya kumachepetsa mutu. Zopanda poizoni, sizidzawotcha, koma zidzawotcha zinthu zina. Vuto la covid 19 ndikuti mapapo ndi olimba ndipo mumafunikira kusiyana kokakamiza kuti kupuma kuchitike. Ngati simugwiritsa ntchito mpweya, kodi mpweya wokha ndiwokwanira? Muyenera kudziwa. Ena a ife tikugwira kale ntchito molimbika
Pali mitundu yambiri ya ma ventilators, kuchokera ku cpap kupita ku ma ventilator ovuta kwambiri pakusamalira odwala kwambiri. CPAP imangopereka mphamvu pang'ono yothandizira odwala omwe amapuma mwachisawawa ndi kumasula opumira akatswiri pakachitika ngozi. Ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popuma usiku. Ndinapanga ndi kupanga chidebe chotsika mtengo kwambiri komanso chosavuta kupanga chopangidwa ndi mabotolo apulasitiki. Sizivomerezedwa, ndipo ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito zamanja pazovuta zazikulu, makamaka m'maiko osauka. Vuto ndilakuti sindikudziwa kufalitsa. Kodi mungandithandize?
Mwadzaza vuto ndi mpweya ndikusokoneza zokambirana zonse, ndicholinga chopulumutsa anthu padziko lonse lapansi. Izi ndi zodabwitsa kwambiri. Ndazigonjetsa ndikupitirira, zikomo
MAX, ndikuyesera kupanga kuphatikiza kwa CPAP ndi chigoba chodzaza ndi nkhope ya snorkel. Kodi munganditumizireko ndi njira yanu? Ndikufuna mphamvu ya batri komanso yonyamula. Zikomo!
Ndikukhulupirira kuti makina a Thrompe amatha kuthetsa mavuto onse. Ndi madzi oyenda okha, mutha kupeza mpweya wabwino kwambiri wopanda zotsalira zapampu (mafuta).
Ndimakhala mu thanki yomweyo kuchokera kwa ogulitsa gasi. Kusiyanitsa kuli mu chikalata ndi njira yosungira makasitomala. Ndine wokondwa kwambiri kutulutsa mpweya mu thanki yowotcherera - onetsetsani kuti si acetylene.
M'malo mwake, acetylene anali mankhwala oyamba kwambiri ochepetsa ululu. Chinthu chonunkha chimapangitsa mutu wanu kupota pang'ono, zomwe zingayambitse imfa. Mofananamo, tambani mapepala onyowa pa tebulo la chipinda chopangira opaleshoni ndi pansi kuti muteteze magetsi osasunthika ndi moto
Kuphatikiza apo, oyenda mumlengalenga atatu omwe adaphedwa mwachangu mumlengalenga anali ndi 100% O2 (pansi pa 1/3 yamphamvu ya mumlengalenga). Komanso, mpweya ndi poizoni kwambiri.
Kusiyana ndiko kuonetsetsa chiyero. (Ndine katswiri wa zamoyo, ndipo ndagula magiredi osiyanasiyana a oxygen.) Koma pakati pa kuwotcherera ndi chithandizo chamankhwala, pali magiredi ambiri amene angavomerezedwe panthaŵi yovuta.
Palinso chinthu china, chomwe ndi chaching'ono, koma chiyenera kutchulidwa. Kodi kupopera mafuta ntchito mafuta mavavu, etc.-Ndikuganiza ndi mankhwala chibayo? Lipid chibayo? Ndikungodziwa vuto limodzi, wosambira anali ndi mafuta mu thanki yake. MD ayenera kudziwa zambiri.
Mulimonsemo, titha kugwiritsa ntchito okosijeni wamafakitale m'njira yoyenera - sindikukayika kuti woperekayo angasangalale kutembenuza tanki kuti pakhale ngozi zadzidzidzi - ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mafutawo amasonkhanitsidwa mu baffle kapena kutenga njira zina zodzitetezera.
Ndimagwira ntchito m'mafakitale agasi ndipo ndimatha kukuuzani kuti zinthuzo ndi zofanana (madzi o2, pafupifupi fakitale iliyonse imatsimikiziridwa ndi mankhwala), koma momwe amanyamulira mu silinda ndi yosiyana (zosiyana skids, kusanthula kwina kumafunika)
Ngati pali zodzola zokhazikika popanga okosijeni, simungathe kugula okosijeni kuchokera kwa ogulitsa chifukwa ikhala chimney. Mafuta a silicone, mwina?
Zindikirani kuti zida zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito okosijeni pansi pa kupanikizika kwambiri komanso kuyera kwambiri ziyenera kukhala zopanda mafuta kapena zinthu zina zomwe zitha kugwira moto. Kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa okosijeni ndi kupanikizika kumayambitsa kuyaka pamatenthedwe otsika, ngakhale popanda zopsereza.
Ndine dokotala wodziwa zosambira komanso osambira. Talandira maphunziro oleza mtima oti tithandizire kuchita ngozi mwangozi m'munda wakusakanizika kwa gasi komanso kudumphira mumlengalenga. Palibe kusiyana pakati pa kupuma kwa oxygen ndi kuwotcherera mpweya, kusiyana kokha ndi botolo lomwe limalowa. Mabotolo azachipatala amakutidwa, kotero kuti sachita dzimbiri ndipo ayenera kufufuzidwa nthawi zonse, pamene mabotolo otsekedwa samafufuzidwa ndi maso amaliseche kuti achite dzimbiri komanso motere. Ponena za mafuta mu thanki, mulibe mafuta mu silinda ya okosijeni. Mafuta ochepa kwambiri pa ulusi uliwonse kapena valavu amatha kuyambitsa kuphulika nthawi yomweyo. Zida zonse zomwe ziyenera kukhudzana ndi mpweya wothamanga kwambiri ziyenera kukhala zopanda mafuta, mwinamwake zidzayaka nthawi yomweyo. popanda kuchotserapo. Ichi ndiye chemistry yoyambira.
Ndikutsimikizira zomwe Nathan adanena. Mabotolo akuwotcherera amatha kuyang'aniridwa mwachiwonekere; Ndawonanso wina akunena kuti makina apamwamba kwambiri amatha kugwira ntchito popanda mafuta. Izi sizili choncho nthawi zonse. Pali mafuta ambiri oyambira a PTFE (Fomblin, Kluberalfa, etc.) omwe ayesedwa ndipo amatha kugwira ntchito movutikira komanso kutentha kwambiri. Ndikukhulupirira kuti amavomerezedwanso muzachipatala. Kubwerezanso kudzatsimikizira ngati khalidwe lawo ndilokwanira.
Kugwiritsa ntchito zosefera za adsorbent tubular kumatha kupewa "chibayo chamankhwala". Atenga VOC yambiri kuchokera kumafuta ndi mpweya wocheperako kuti azitha kudutsa bwino. Kupeza machubu ambiri a adsorbent kungakhale kovuta. Vuto lina ndikuzindikira machulukitsidwe a VOC yake musanalowe m'malo mwa chubu cha adsorbent ngati chikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati fyuluta. Itha kuyerekezedwa potengera chidziwitso ndi kuchuluka kwa machubu a wopanga machubu adsorbent komanso kuipitsidwa kwamafuta opaka mafuta (degassing rate pansi pa kutentha ndi kukakamizidwa).
Ngati mudutsa mu bubbler, mafuta sangalowe m'mapapo. Mwina ndi 2 redundancy.
Moni, kotero zomwe timafunikira kwenikweni ndi mpweya woponderezedwa / woponderezedwa, sinthani pamlingo wina, kenako ndikudutsa mufiriji yamafuta, ndiyeno m'madzi (osungidwa kutentha kwina) kuti munyowetse mpweya. Ndili bwino?
Tili ndi jenereta wa oxygen wa mwana wanga. Ngati magetsi asokonekera kapena mayendedwe akufunika silinda ya oxygen yopuma. Asanavomereze inshuwaransi, mnzake wa EMT adatiuza kuti tigule zida zachipatala, koma ziyenera kudzazidwa ndi okosijeni wowotcherera. Malingana ngati mumasefa panthawi yodzaza kuti mutenge zonyansa zilizonse kuchokera mkati mwa chidebe chosungiramo welded, muyenera kukhala abwino. Kudutsa mpweya kudzera mu bubbler kumathandizanso, ndipo madzi amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati fyuluta yothandizira. Inde, zochitika zadzidzidzi zokha.
Kodi okosijeni ukuyamba kuyenderera mumpweya wa mpweya kaye kenako n’kusefukira m’madzi, komabe osakhoza kusefa ndi kunyowetsa mpweya wofunidwa ndi makina olowera mpweyawo?
Ndinkagwira ntchito kwa wopanga mpweya wa mpweya wa Sweden AGA (tsopano ndi gawo la German Linde Group), ndipo ndikukutsimikizirani kuti palibe kusiyana ku Ulaya. Ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri kukhala ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zochizira mpweya wamankhwala ndiukadaulo. Kusiyana kokha ndikuti mpweya wamankhwala wogulitsidwa umabwera ndi satifiketi yotsimikizira kuti ndi kalasi yachipatala, pomwe ena satero. Ndi njira yokhayo yowonjezerera mitengo ndi ndalama.
Palibe kusiyana konse, mulingo woyezetsa chiyero, apo ayi oxygen yopezeka mu "kuwotcherera" oxygen ndi 99.99%
Kusiyana kwakukulu komwe kulingaliridwa ndi khalidwe. Ukhondo wa ma silinda a gasi wowotcherera ndi wotsika. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mafuta m'malo ogulitsa mafakitale. Compressor yeniyeni yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kudzaza thanki yosungira imatha kutulutsa kuchuluka komweko kwa O2.
Kusiyanitsa pakati pa milingo inayi yosiyanasiyana ya okosijeni (ndege, zamankhwala, kuwotcherera ndi kafukufuku) siubwino wa okosijeni, koma unyolo wosunga tanki yosungira. …Mutha kuganiza za okosijeni ngati kalasi yachipatala, chifukwa mumayamba ndi thanki yoyera yopanda zowononga.
Sindine dokotala, koma ndikusewera pa TV - ndikuganiza kuti ngakhale kutengeka kwa mpweya kumatha kukhala ndi gawo labwino poyerekeza ndi kuwongolera - makamaka pazovuta kwambiri zakupumira.
Sindinasewereponso udindo wa udokotala pa TV, koma ndinali munthu wanthabwala ndipo ndinaphulitsa mabaluni angapo, kuganiza kuti kutulukako ndi gawo loletsa zinthu kuti zisawonongeke.
Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2004, ndinachita nawo ntchito yokhudzana ndi kuvulala kwakukulu kwa m'mapapo komwe kumakhudzana ndi kuikidwa magazi, ndipo ndikukumbukira kuti ngati mpweya wabwino uli wosayenera, mpweya wokhawokha ukhoza kuvulaza. Tsoka ilo, ndinangomaliza maphunziro anga ku yunivesite kwa zaka ziŵiri zokha, ndipo ndadzipereka ku kuyang’anira pakompyuta odwala oikidwa magazi m’malo mogwiritsa ntchito makina opumira bwino, chotero kukumbukira kwanga kuli kosamvekera bwino. Onani chitsanzo pansipa. Sindikumvetsa tanthauzo la kuchuluka kwa mafunde otsika. https://journals.lww.com/ejanaesthesiology/fulltext/2008/02000/optimal_ventilator_settings_in_acute_lung_injury.1.aspx
Iwo anachita kafukufuku ndipo anapeza kuti kutsika kwapansi kumakhala kotetezeka kwa odwala. Voliyumu yabwinobwino yomwe imalowa m'mapapo a wodwalayo imatha kutambasula mapapo ndikuyambitsa mavuto. Nkhaniyi ikuwonetsa kuti mphamvu yocheperako / mpweya wocheperako ndi wotetezeka.
Ku Gemeni, openda zakuthambo adazichotsa pansi pa kupsinjika pang'ono kwa milungu ingapo. Popanikizika pamwamba, ndikuganiza kuti mudzalandira tsiku limodzi kapena awiri. Pansi pa kupsinjika (kudumphira pansi), simungathe kuzichotsa konse!
Ndi mpweya komanso kusokoneza gradient, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ntchito ya m'mapapo yanu yosinthanitsa gasi idzawonjezera mamolekyu m'mapapu anu, zomwe zimayambitsa edema, ndipo ARDS ndizomwe tikuyembekeza kuti mpweya ukhoza kuthetsa. vuto.
Chifukwa chake, poganizira kuti tikuchiza ARDS (komwe ndi tanthauzo la SARS), sitikufuna kukhala pachiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa mapapo komwe kungayambitse mapapu.
Ndine katswiri wodumphira m'madzi pazambiri komanso kubisala pansi pazamalonda komanso katswiri wazachipatala wosambira. Ndikukuwuzani tsopano, malinga ngati simuli pansi pa mamita 20 a madzi a m'nyanja kapena kugwira ntchito kwa masiku angapo, mukhoza kupuma 100% O2 kwa nthawi yaitali. Koma sitikunena za 100% mpweya. Tikukamba za kuwonjezera 100% mpweya ku mpweya wokhazikika.
Ndidawona ndemanga za anthu osiyanasiyana pa O2, koma ndikufunanso kudziwa zokambirana pakati pa wowongolera diving ndi chopumira. Lingaliro losakulitsidwa.
Zoonadi, kuthamanga kwa magazi kungakhale 20-70l / min, ndipo mpweya wa okosijeni ukhoza kukhala pakati pa 30-100%. Muyenera kuwonjezera mpweya wambiri.
Kungoganiza kusankha pakati pa 21% ya okosijeni (yochitika mwachilengedwe) ndi 50% osakaniza okosijeni (mwachitsanzo), si 50% ya okosijeni yomwe ikulimbikitsidwa? O2 ili ndi kulemera kwa molekyulu ya 32 ndipo nayitrogeni ili ndi molekyulu yolemera 28. Kodi cholekanitsa chozungulira chingapereke khalidwe lochepa koma 100% yogwiritsidwa ntchito gwero la O2? Mwachitsanzo: kuzungulira silinda ya mainchesi 12 mainchesi atatu kuya, mpweya wolemera umakopeka ndi khoma lakunja. Kodi chopepuka cha N2 chidzapezeka pakati? Osayang'ana chiyero chapamwamba, koma kuyang'ana chinthu chomwe chingalowetsedwe.
Tsoka ilo, kachitidwe kakang'ono ngati kameneka kamatha kutulutsa mpweya wochulukirapo, koma sungathe kukwaniritsa kuchuluka komwe kumafunikira. Chidule cha nkhaniyi chimakupatsani chidziwitso chazofunikira zamakina olekanitsa gasi centrifugal system. https://www.mate.tue.nl/mate/pdfs/5250.pdf
Nchifukwa chiyani timafunikira nambala iyi? Mu Navy, timagwiritsa ntchito lamulo la HR 1scf o2 pa munthu aliyense powerengera kupulumuka.
Kuwerengera kwanu ndi kwa anthu athanzi omwe mapapu awo amagwira ntchito ndi 100%. "Kupulumuka" kumatanthauza kuti anthu ena akhoza kuvutikabe.
Majenereta a okosijeni omwe amagwiritsa ntchito nembanemba wa ulusi wopanda pake amatha kupereka mitengo imeneyi. M'malo mwake, pangani chopondera cha mpweya pamalowo, pali potulutsa mpweya komanso potulutsa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya.
Ndazichita ndipo zimagwira ntchito. Ngati mutulutsa nayitrogeni ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yolambalala ngati nyansi, fyuluta yolekanitsa ya nayitrogeni imatha kutulutsa pafupifupi 45% O2. Ikhoza kutulutsa maulendo othamanga kwambiri. Izi ndi mitundu ya mabulangete a nayitrogeni omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi malo ogulitsa makina kuti azidzaza matayala ndi ntchito zamafakitale. Njira yodutsamo imakhala yokwera kwambiri ngati madzi otayira. Chomwe mukufunikira ndi kompresa wopanda mafuta, sefa yabwino komanso nembanemba yoyenera yolekanitsa nayitrogeni.
Moni, mukufuna kudziwa @ChrisHruska, munatenga kuti filimuyi? Ndimakonda kwambiri kuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito makina opangira mpweya. Zikomo!
Electrolysis imatha kutulutsa mpweya wabwino wokwanira ndikuwunyowetsa pasadakhale. Sizosavuta kusunga, koma zitha kukhala zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo. Ndani angawonjezere mfundo za izi?
Yankho la quora ili lingakhale lophunzitsa: https://www.quora.com/How-much-volt-needed-to-split-one-litre-of-water-into-hydrogen-and-oxygen-in- 1- second / yankho / Tom-Nathe? ch=10&share=f6280cda&srid=pGoo
Nanga bwanji ukadaulo wosinthira ma proton omwe amagwiritsa ntchito popanga ma hydrogen amafuta amafuta? Kapena ndi zida zopangira haidrojeni zomwe zimapanganso zopangidwa ndi O2?
Mutha kuwononganso thiransifoma ya microwave pomangirira waya wokulirapo kumbali imodzi yokhala ndi malupu amodzi kapena awiri okha, ndikuwongolera zomwe zatuluka kuti mupeze chotulutsa cha DC. Umu ndi momwe anthu amapangira ma coil heater omwe amafunikira mphamvu zambiri m'malo mwa magetsi.
Mfundo ikuwoneka kuti: voteji yofunikira ili pafupi ndi 1.4V, ndipo kuyendetsa bwino kumawonjezeka ndi Yingshui. Makina amalonda amagwira ntchito pa 80 - 90 ° C. Mufunika magetsi apamwamba. (4 – 6 kAˣm-2)
Mwina mutha kuchotsa buku lakale lamagetsi amagetsi, ndikugwiritsa ntchito injini yamagetsi ya AC kuyendetsa jenereta ya Faraday yotsika kwambiri. …. Chifukwa mukufuna kupanga ma MOSFET apamwamba kwambiri aku China tsopano?
Ndikufuna kudziwa ngati chida chokulirapo chitha kupangidwa kuti chigwire ntchito zambiri za mpweya wabwino. Mpweya ndi kutulutsa mpweya kwa wodwala aliyense zimatha kuyendetsedwa ndi pampu yothandizira yomwe imasintha mpweya ndi chinyezi. Mofanana ndi msana wa chitofu, chitofuchi chimapereka magetsi ku chitoliro chapadera m'nyumba. Pakhoza kukhala pampu yayikulu yomwe imayamwa mpweya wabwino ndikuugawa kumadera osiyanasiyana.
Mayankho ena adanena kuti amafunikira 20-70L ya okosijeni pamphindi, kotero kuti mole iliyonse ya 22.4L ya okosijeni imafuna 2 moles (44.8 malita) a okosijeni pamphindi, pamene electrolysis yamadzi imafuna 237 kJ / mol. Choncho, 2mol/mphindi * 237kJ/mol * 1 mphindi/60 masekondi = 7.9kJ/sekondi = 79​​00 Watts. 1.23V ndiyofunikira pa electrolysis, kotero zimaganiziridwa kuti voteji yabwino yosinthira ndi 6422A.
M'dziko lenileni, mphamvuyo idzachepa. Izi ndi malonda 10kW dongosolo ndi mtengo ola 1000L (16.6L/mphindi). Pomaliza, wodwala aliyense angafunike 30kW kapena kupitilira apo. https://www.fuelcellstore.com/ Water electrolysis system-10kw
Ndangowerengera izi: muyenera 26,802 Ah kuti mupange 22,414 / 4 malita (4 Faradays pa mole). Mwanjira ina, nthawi iliyonse mukadutsa mu cell electrochemical, electrolysis imakupatsani 0.21 malita a oxygen. Tiyerekeze kuti mukufuna kuonjezera mpweya wachilengedwe kuchokera ku 21% Vol (mpweya) mpaka 32%, ndipo tiyerekeze kuti mumapuma ka 10 pamphindi, muyenera malita 3,3 a mpweya wopangidwa ndi electrochemically. Gawani malita 3,3 pa mphindi ndi Ah Ah. 21 malita pa Ah. Mumapeza 942 A (musaiwale kuchulukitsa mphindi / h ndi 60), yomwe ili yokwera kwambiri kuposa yomwe imachokera pamagetsi aliwonse wamba. Pongoganiza kuti selo lodzipangira la electrolytic silingathe kugwira ntchito pamagetsi otsika kuposa 5 volts, mudzakhala ndi mphamvu pafupifupi 5 kW, yomwe imakhala yochuluka kuposa yomwe mumakhala nayo kunyumba. Ngati muli ndi chidziwitso chochulukirapo pazamankhwala, (ndine katswiri wamagetsi amagetsi), mutha kusintha manambala awa, koma zotsatira zake ndi zofanana. Moni wochokera ku Wolfgang, Germany
Pakuchepa kwakukulu, mungafune kuganizira kugwiritsa ntchito gwero la okosijeni wandege. Mliriwu ukuwoneka kuti ukuchepetsa kwambiri maulendo apandege amalonda komanso kufunikira kwawo kwa okosijeni. Oxygen imeneyi inapangidwa kuti anthu azimwa.
lingaliro labwino kwambiri! Ndikuwona kuti ngati akuganiza kuti angapeze njira yopulumutsira kampaniyo, ndiye kuti ali okonzeka kuchepetsa malonda.
Koma tsatirani malingaliro omwewo: nanga bwanji makandulo okosijeni mwadzidzidzi? Ndi yachikale, yowala pang'ono, koma yotsika mtengo. Tiyerekeze kuti titha kugula zinthu zambiri, kupanga chotengera chochitira kunja (chomwe chimatha kuyendetsedwa ngati madontho, monga nyali zakale za acetylene), ndiyeno kuzinyamula kudzera papaipi yasefa ndikuzipanikiza mu akasinja kapena matumba a mpweya otsika. (Ndikudziwa, ili ndi lingaliro latsatanetsatane, koma lingakhale loyenera kumadera akumidzi? Kapena pali kuchepa kwakukulu kapena zovuta zina…)
Kodi mungagwiritse ntchito ndege ngati chipatala chokhalitsa? Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri chomwe chimafuna mpweya wabwino, koma pakachitika zinthu zomwe zikuchitika, kanikizani kanyumbako ndi mpweya wodzaza ndi okosijeni, kapena gwiritsani ntchito chigoba ndi makina ogawa mpweya omwe muli kale. Tili ndi ma eyapoti mumzinda uliwonse komanso mayendedwe abwino amsewu.
Kapena, opanga ndege (opanga ndege omwe atseka mizere yawo yopanga) angapitirize kupanga makina ogawa mpweya, koma kodi adzaikidwa m'zipatala? Ili litha kukhala yankho la wodi m'malo mokhala wodwala m'modzi.
Ndimakonda kwambiri lingaliro ili. Ndikutsimikiza kuti ndege pakali pano zikuyang'ana magwero a ndalama, ndipo ndege zimawoneka ngati malo abwino osungiramo zinthu ndi kukonza. Zikwezeni ndikuwulukira kumene zikufunika kwambiri.
Malamulo, kodi okosijeni wandege amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa oyendetsa ndege okha? Ndikuganiza kuti mpweya wadzidzidzi womwe ukutsikira kwa anthu okwera umapangidwa ndi endothermic chemical reaction, monga tafotokozera mu ndemanga yapitayi? Magawo awa adatengedwa ndi ndege ngati katundu wowonjezera ndipo adayaka moto. Izi ndizomwe zidayambitsa ngozi yagalimoto ku Florida Everglades. Mitembo imeneyi siingapezeke chifukwa anadyedwa ng’ona.
Ndikudziwa kuti mutha kugula O2 yachipatala kuchokera ku matanki osungiramo makampani monga AIRGAS ndikuyiyika pansi ... kungoyiyika mudongosolo…matanki akuluakulu osungira…atha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito podumphira gasi… kupanga ndi kutumiza kudziko lonse. tsiku.
Nanga bwanji akasinja osambira? Kodi ndizotheka kuti oxygen yodumphira pansi ndi njira ina yoperekera mpweya? Kudumphira m'madzi ndi ntchito yosangalatsa, choncho chonde onetsetsani kuti asiya kudumpha kwakanthawi kuti apulumutse miyoyo
Inde, mpweya wa okosijeni udzakhala wothina, koma magwero ena a okosijeni "osakhala achipatala" (monga mpweya wowotcherera) samadziwika. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu ndi thanki yosungiramo zinthu ndi unyolo wotsatira mpweya wamankhwala, pamene zina siziri.
Nthawi zambiri, kuwuzira mumpweya ndikwabwino kuposa kusawuzira mkati, kapenanso kuposa mpweya wamkati. Makamaka pamene CO2 yotulutsidwa mu ngodya yakufa ya kupuma imakulitsa kuvutika kwa kupuma, catheter yamphuno yothamanga kwambiri ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa ulimi wothirira wosasokoneza.
M'malingaliro anga, ngati mukufuna kuchita chilichonse pamlingo uwu komanso mulingo wofunikira, muyenera kusankha njira yosavuta ndikuyamba kugawa magawo ndi kupanga.
Kodi ndizokwanira kupereka kutuluka kosalekeza m'malo motsanzira inhale / exhale? Poganizira izi m'mawa uno, ndidzakhala wokondwa kukuthandizani! Zikuoneka kuti n'zotheka kutentha madzi mpaka 40 ° C. Palibe vuto kukankhira madzi nthawi zonse.
Ngati palibe chigoba cha n95, kodi mpweya wotuluka / woipitsidwa ukhoza kudyetsedwa kudzera m'madzi ophera tizilombo kapena madzi otentha?
Nanga bwanji kuwala kwa ultraviolet? Kodi "idzasokoneza" kachilomboka? Tilekeni ogwira ntchito zachipatala kuti asachotse kachilomboka.
Ngati kuwala kwa UV ndi kodalirika pakutulutsa kotulutsa komwe tikukamba, kungakhale chisankho chabwino. Madzi otentha amamveka ngati lingaliro labwino. Ndinamva kuti kachilombo kameneka sikangathe kukhala ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 27 Celsius-koma ndiyenera kuganiza kuti ndi chidziwitso chachiwiri ndipo chiyenera kufufuzidwa. Choncho, madziwo sangafunikire kukhala otentha kwambiri. Nayi kafukufuku wina wa UV: https://rdcu.be/b27p8 wogwiritsa ntchito m'njira zachilengedwe, koma ndikuganiza kuti itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwamphamvu mu chidebe chotsekedwa mu pulogalamuyi. (Osati katswiri)
Ndikuganiza kuti ngati mukufuna kutulutsa mpweya wokhala ndi mpweya wabwino, muyenera kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha ndi mafuta.
NIV ya m'mphuno siili yotsekedwa, kotero munthuyo amapitirizabe kupuma, koma mpweya wambiri umaperekedwa m'mapapo kuti athandize kusinthana kwa gasi.
Kupanga ma aerosols. Odwala onse a coronavirus amayenera kuthandizidwa ndi mpweya wabwino kudzera mu chubu cha ET, makamaka chifukwa cha zovuta za ARDS komanso kusinthana kwa gasi ndi kutsata mapapu kwa odwalawa, komanso kuti ateteze ogwira ntchito. Poyerekeza ndi makina olowera mpweya, mpweya wotuluka m'mphuno umapezeka komanso wotsika mtengo kwambiri.
Pofika nthawi yomwe anthu ambiri ali ndi kachilomboka, kupanga ma aerosol a kachilombo ka COVID-19 sikukhalanso nkhawa.
Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo kapena achira, kupuma ma virus angapo omwewo sikungasinthe kwenikweni.
Sindigwiritsa ntchito kwambiri pomanga ma ventilator, koma masks, ndachita kafukufuku wambiri ndikupanga mapangidwe ansalu omwe angagwiritsidwenso ntchito. Nsalu iyi imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito momasuka ndikuwombedwa bwino kuti mabakiteriya, ma virus ndi fumbi asadutse. Chinthucho chikhoza kuviikidwa mu bleach (kupha mabakiteriya onse, monga Jik) ndi kuchapa kuti avale. Ndapanga zitsanzo zingapo ndipo ndikuyembekeza kugawana nawo machitidwe ndi maulalo ku nkhani zofotokozera ubwino wa nsalu. Aliyense akhoza kupanga masks awa. Munthu aliyense amangofunika awiri okha, wina kuti aphedwe ndi wina kuvala.
Ichi ndichinthu chomwe ndimachikonda kwambiri. Ndawonapo mapangidwe ena, koma mapangidwe anu akhoza kukhala abwinoko. Ndikufuna kumva zambiri za izo.
Chonde khazikitsani mawonekedwe aulere pa intaneti. Pali mitundu ingapo yomwe ilipo (yosamveka bwino monga momwe mukufotokozera), koma malangizowo ali mu Chitchaina.
Zimenezi n’zimene anamwino ambiri opuma pa ntchito komanso anthu ena akuyembekezera kuti azipereka kwa alongo ndi abale amene akugwira ntchito m’chipatala panopa. Chonde gawani kapangidwe kanu apa!
Ndine wokondweretsedwa kwambiri ndi ine. Mwana wanga wamkazi ndi dotolo wazanyama ndipo nthawi zonse amayenera kupanga masks awo. Tili ndi makina osokera angapo ndi maseva angapo pano
Chonde gawanani malangizo opangira chigoba ichi. Mwana wanga wamkazi ndi mchimwene wanga ndi ogwira ntchito zachipatala. Amafunikira izi!
Ndili ndi luso lopanga madera oletsa kupanikizika kuti ndichepetse asibesitosi. Momwe mungathanirane ndi mpweya wotulutsa mpweya m'dera lotsekera. Kuti muchepetse kupanikizika koyipa, muyenera kutulutsa mpweya nthawi zonse kuchokera mkati mwa danga kuti musatuluke kanthu, koma mpweya uyenera kuyenda kwinakwake kudzera pa fan ndi HEPA fyuluta. Kungakhale kosavuta kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mpweya wa wodwalayo, koma nanga bwanji mpweya wa m’nyumba?
Lingaliro langa ndikuti zosefera za HEPA ndizoyenera kusefa ma virus ambiri, koma osati onse. Komabe, ngati mukufuna kuyatsa mpweya pamaso pa fyuluta, ndiye gwiritsani ntchito sieve yabwino kwambiri pamaso pa fyuluta ya HEPA. Monga kafukufukuyu https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4477231/
Ingoganizirani nyali ya ultraviolet (XEnON) yomwe ili kumbuyo / kutulutsa mbali ya fyuluta ya HEPA, kenako ndikudutsa mpweya woperekedwa kudzera mu fyuluta yachiwiri ... ndikufuna kusangalala ... waya, kotero kuti simudzadziunjikira ma virus pamtunda kwakanthawi kochepa.
Wawa Susan, ndingakonde kuwonanso kapangidwe kake! Zikumveka bwino, ngati nditha kupeza zida, nditha kuwapangira anthu.
Ndikugwira ntchito molimbika-Ndapeza zosefera zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso zopangidwira kuteteza kachilomboka kuti zisafalikire ndi utsi ndi zinthu zina. Ziyenera kukhala zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito mfuti yowunikira yotentha ndi nsalu ina kupanga chigoba, chofanizira bokosi ndi tepi kuti mupange makina oyeretsera mpweya wamkati, komanso botolo la soda ndi mfuti yotentha ya glue kuti apange chopumira cha canister. Chitani kafukufuku wambiri pa izi.
Ndikufuna kudziwa mtundu wanu: wachibale wachenjezedwa kuti chipatala chawo ndichokonzeka kuvomereza milandu yodzaza ndi NYC. Alibe masks okwanira. Ine ndi mkazi wanga tikukhazikitsa bizinesi (yaulere) yopanga maski. Chonde nditumizireni imelo tom@baccei.com Zikomo!
Kodi mungapange chigoba? Kodi zili ngati umboni wa lingaliro kukhala lofunika pakadali pano? Kusachita kalikonse nkoipa kuposa kulephera kuchita kanthu! ! ! !
Zamadzimadzi ngati mafuta zimakhala ndi kuwira komanso kukhuthala kwambiri kuposa madzi, ndipo mwina mpweya wotuluka muzakumwazi pa kutentha kwambiri ukhoza kupha kachilomboka. Kwenikweni mpweya unabwerera mwa kukazinga.
Copper imatha kupha coronavirus, ndipo zosefera za mesh zamkuwa zitha kupangidwa, zomwe zimatha kukhala ndi magawo angapo kuti zitheke bwino. Wonjezerani mwayi wogundana pakati pa coronavirus yoyendetsedwa ndi mpweya ndi pamwamba pa mkuwa. Ma ions amkuwa adawononga chipolopolo chakunja cha coronavirus. Sindikutsimikiza za nthawi yochitira (nthawi yomwe kachilomboka kamawonekera mkuwa) komanso kutentha koyenera kuti pakhale zotsatira zabwino. Kutenthetsa mauna amkuwa ndi kukana kumatha kukulitsa luso. Mpweya wotentha wowuma ndi ma virus amawombana pamwamba pa mauna amkuwa kangapo. Bill Keevil amaphunzira za coronavirus ndi mkuwa ku United States. Kungakhale kosavuta monga kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi ku mauna amkuwa omwe ali m'nyumba zazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zolumikizidwa ndi mpweya wabwino.
Kodi kutentha kwamadzi wamba kopangidwa ndi mkuwa kungasinthidwe kukhala fyuluta yotulutsa mpweya?
Hei, izi zikumveka zosangalatsa. Kodi ndizotheka kulipiritsa kachilomboka ndi magetsi osasunthika ndikuwonjezera mwayi wogundana ndi mkuwa kuti muchepetse mtunda womwe kachilomboka kamadutsa pagululi?
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4477231/ Adafufuza izi. Ndi zotheka mwamtheradi.
Ndimakonda mawu awa, chonde khalani ndi malingaliro abwino! Mukufunabe kudziwa ngati nano silver mesh kapena nsalu zofanana ndi fungicides zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa masokosi zidzagwira ntchito? Mwina ndi angapo abwino zigawo.
"Zikuwonetsa kuti mkuwa ukhoza kupha coronavirus", chonde perekani umboni. Sindikhulupirira kuti izi ndi zoona. Izi zikutanthauza maola 24 pa mkuwa kapena makatoni ndi maola 72 pazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri/pulasitiki-https://www.caltech.edu/about/news/tip-iceberg-virologist-david-ho-bs-74-speaks-about- covid -19
Ndawonapo ena 2, wina adati mphindi 40 ndipo winayo adati maola 4. Komabe, kulimba kwapang'onopang'ono pazinthu zina kumawoneka ngati kofanana, ndiye ndikuganiza umu ndi kukula kwa "madontho" omwe mumayika pano, chinyezi chapafupi ndi zina.
Gwiritsani ntchito chowumitsira tsitsi kuti muyamwe mpweya woipitsidwa. Ngati kutentha sikuli kokwanira, chonde sankhani imodzi kuchokera ku sitolo ya hardware (650 ° C chowuzira chochotsa utoto). Ndiotsika mtengo kwambiri. Chowumitsira tsitsi chikhoza kupangidwanso bwino powonjezera chitoliro chachitali chotsekeredwa panjira, chomwe chidzapatsa mpweya wotentha nthawi yambiri kuti uwononge kachilomboka. (Kachilomboka sikangakhale ndi moyo chifukwa Corona kapena Stuxnet sizingakhale ndi moyo.) Komabe, sindikuganiza kuti kuthana ndi mpweya woipitsidwa ndiye vuto lalikulu.
Kodi makina a CPAP angasinthidwe? Amatenthetsa ndi kunyowetsa mpweya, koma momwe mpweya umalowetsedwera mwa wodwala ndi wosiyana. Kodi ndizotheka kupanga cholumikizira cha nasal cannula kuti chikwane kumapeto kwa payipi yomwe nthawi zambiri imavala chigoba? (Zowona, sizili bwino, koma ndizabwino kuposa chilichonse.)
Sindikuganiza choncho. Ndili ndi CPAP. Sizili ngati makina olowera mpweya konse. Zimangowonjezera pang'ono mphamvu ya mpweya ukubwera (osati kwambiri). Mukufunikabe kupuma.
PS: Mwa njira, pa CPAPs ambiri, kutentha ndi chinyezi ndi "chosankha" -Ndachita, koma ndinachichotsa chifukwa ndinamva kuti khoma latsekedwa ndi mpweya wonyowa. Kuonjezera apo, njira yonse yoyeretsera ndi kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi PITA (pambuyo pake, mabakiteriya onse "amakonda" kutentha kwa kutentha komwe kumagwiritsa ntchito).
M'nyengo yozizira, mpweya wozizira ukhoza kupangitsa mphuno kukhala yowuma pang'ono ndikupangitsa kuti khungu likhale losweka, koma ndimagwiritsa ntchito Q nsonga kuti ndigwiritse ntchito mafuta odzola kuti ateteze khungu, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino kwambiri.
Sindikudziwa chipatala cha m'dziko lanu, koma zipatala zomwe ndaziwona zili ndi mpweya wapakati, vacuum ndi ma valve ena, sindikukumbukira. Pali mapaipi ochokera ku nyumba yonse kupita kumalo opopera madzi. Ndikukayikira kuti zipatala za dziko lachitatu zimamangidwa motere. Ife m'mayiko otukuka tikhoza kukhala ndi zipangizo zokwanira, koma ndikuganiza kuti anthu a ku Africa kapena othawa kwawo ku Syria asokonezedwa ndi iwo.
Sindikuvomereza. Ndikukhulupirira kuti CPAP ikhoza kusinthidwa kuti ikhale ndi ntchito zamakina ndi sensa, zomwe zimatha kutulutsa / kutulutsa.
Spacer ndi 3D yosindikizidwa ndikuyika pakati pa chigoba cha CPAP ndi payipi ngati chowonjezera kudzera pa payipi ya O2. Mwadzidzidzi, dulani kang'ono kakang'ono mu payipi pafupi ndi chigoba, ikani mzere wa O2, ndikusindikiza ndi tepi.
Ngati itayikidwa muhema woponderezedwa woyipa, chowotcha chotulutsa chihemacho chimakhala ndi fyuluta ya HEPA, potero kuchepetsa chiwopsezo cha virus cha atomization.
Airsense yanga yokonzedwanso 10 ndi ma CPAP ena ambiri ali ndi "mpweya wodutsa" womwe ukhoza kuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono kukakamiza kuti anthu agone.
Zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikuphwanya mapulogalamu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa "kupuma" kuti ayese kupuma. Ndimakhala mu lupu mosalekeza. Mofananamo, simungafune okosijeni wapamwamba kwambiri. Kwa aliyense amene amafunikira mpweya wabwino, ngati mpweya wawonjezedwa pambuyo pa siteshoni yamadzi ya CPAP, kapena mpweya wa okosijeni uli wotsika mokwanira, mukhoza kudzaza matumba a zinyalala za mafakitale ndi mpweya, ndikuyika makina a CPAP mmenemo. Izi zitha kukhala zosakwana 25%. 02. Popeza mpweya wa okosijeni mumlengalenga uli pafupi 20%, ndende yomaliza ikhoza kukhala pafupifupi 45%. Ngati sichikanika, mutha kumata zotsekera ndi tepi ndikudzaza zotsekera ndi O2. Matumba a zinyalala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti musawagwiritse ntchito mopambanitsa. Ponyani CPAP pamenepo, ndipo pakapita nthawi mudzapeza mpweya wocheperako pang'onopang'ono, koma pakapita nthawi, mumalowetsa thumba lina la zinyalala la oxygen mu chipinda chachikulu.
Inde, makonda awo amatha kuchepetsa kupanikizika panthawi yopuma. Zotsatira zogwiritsa ntchito cpap wamba zimamveka ngati mpweya wabwino kapena mpweya woyipa. Kulemera kwa m'mawere zigawo zikuluzikulu, nthiti, minofu khungu, etc. kungokhala chete kumalimbikitsa outflow. Pali ma ventilators apawiri ovuta komanso owongolera oyendetsedwa ndi makompyuta. Katswiri wanu wa m'mapapo kapena katswiri wa kugona ayenera kukuthandizani. Ayeneranso kuganiziranso tanthauzo la yankho. Makampani a Cpap/bipap akuphatikiza Apria ndi Norco. Onani ngati mutha kulumikizana ndi mainjiniya awo ndi othandizira kupuma. Mfundo zonsezi zomwe ndikuwerenga (makamaka zikagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi) zingapulumutse miyoyo yambiri.
Njira imodzi yophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'malo ofunda ndi achinyezi ndikungoyika zigawo ziwiri mwazonyowa zonse, ndikuzisintha maola 12 aliwonse, ndikuyika zida zomwe sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito m'madzi otentha kwa mphindi khumi.
Ndinkaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito makina a CPAP okhala ndi oxygen mosalekeza. Ngati adzagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyumba, kuipitsa sikungakhale vuto lalikulu. Kodi mpweya wolowera mpweya umayenda bwanji? Kodi kuthamanga kwa CPAP ndi kotani? Kukwera malita atatu pamphindi?
Makina a CPAP pakadali pano amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mpainiya pakulowetsa odwala komanso mpweya wabwino m'ma ICU achipatala. Mpweya wowonjezera wa okosijeni umawonjezeredwa ku doko lakumbali la makinawo, ndipo munthuyo amawonjezedwa kuti akakamize okosijeni m’magazi kudzera m’minyewa ya m’mapapo yotupa komanso yokhuthala.
Kodi izi zingayambitse mavuto omwewo monga CPAP ndikuwonjezera kufalikira kwa kachilomboka? Kusiyana kokha ndi kukula kwa dzenje ndi chiwerengero cha kupuma. (CPAP imadalira kupumanso gawo la mpweya ndi kutayikira kovomerezeka kuti kuchepetsa kupanikizika ndi kuchuluka kwa kupumanso.) Kodi mwayi wopumira ndege ndi wabwinoko?
Ndizozizira kwambiri, ndi resuscitator pamanja, yomwe imatha kuyendetsedwa ndi dzanja la robot https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bag_valve_mask
Kodi nditani ngati ndigwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wopumiranso wa SCUBA kuyeretsa mpweya ndi kutseka lupu pamene jekeseni wa oxygen?
Ndimaganiziranso zomwezo… Chogwirizira chakale cha DIY chimawoneka chosavuta kupanga, ndipo ndikuganiza kuti kutsuka mpweya woipa ndi sodium hydroxide kudzakhala ndi phindu lowonjezera popha ma virus aliwonse omwe atulutsidwa (osachepera kuti akhale oyera). Ziyenera kukhala zophweka kuti muwonjezere kaboni woyamwa kuti musefenso.
Chinthu chokhacho chomwe ndimadandaula nacho chingakhale chonyowa, chifukwa NAOH (Lye) "kukhudzana ndi madzi kumayambitsa thovu lachiwawa ndi kuphulika."
Izi zimathandiza kuti mabokosi ambiri afufuzidwe, mwadzidzidzi, akhoza kumangidwa mosavuta, ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati nsanja yolimba kuti akwaniritse zolinga zomwe akufuna.
- Mapangidwe osavuta komanso mtengo wokwanira wazinthu zodyedwa - Kutsekedwa kwa mpweya kuti mupewe / kuchepetsa mwayi wotenga kachilomboka - Zotsika mtengo kwambiri - Zosavuta kusintha / kusintha / kuyeretsa - Zosavuta kuwonjezera pazomanga zomwe zilipo kapena kugwiritsa ntchito patsamba - Zonyamula - Zowoneka bwino zaukadaulo Zotsika , mwayi wowonjezera magwiridwe antchito
Ndikutanthauza pamene akufotokoza makina amodzi ndikuwonetsa wina, amapereka chiyembekezo chachikulu. Inde, ndikukhulupirira kuti izi ndi zosangalatsa chabe. Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji PI kuwongolera 16 × 2 LCD?
Ndapanga ndi kupanga machubu odyetsera m'mphuno ndi zina zambiri zokhudzana ndi m'mimba. Ndikukhulupirira kuti nditha kupanga/kutengeranso katheta wamphuno wothamanga kwambiri.
Panjira zosiyanasiyana zotulutsa mpweya mu COVID, pali zolozera zabwino za chisamaliro chachikulu, chomwe chingakhale chothandiza kwambiri. Ngati mukupanga chitsanzo chotheka, muganiza kulumikizana ndi wolemba EMCrit.org/IBCC
Ngati tikuganiza kuti maopaleshoni onse osankhidwa aimitsidwa mwadzidzidzi, ndi makina angati opangira mpweya wabwino omwe angagwiritsidwenso ntchito panthawi ya opaleshoni?
Kutalika kwa nthawi yayitali m'chipatala kwa odwala osankhidwa ndi pafupifupi masiku 4, omwe (mwachitsanzo) milandu ya 3 ndi 1 kapena 2 milandu ya chisamaliro chachikulu / chisamaliro chapamwamba pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Kutalika kwa chipatala kwa odwala azaka 70 omwe ali ndi vuto la mapapu ndi mpweya wabwino ndi pafupifupi masiku 16-20. Izi ndi pafupifupi zofanana khumi ndi zofanana zofanana. Ndiye kuti, maphunziro 10 osankhidwa adzathetsedwa pakagwa ngozi iliyonse.
Ndikuganiza kuti zinthu zafika poipa kwambiri, ndipo ndikukhulupirira kuti anthu omwe achira opaleshoni safunikira kupatsidwa mpweya wokwanira kuposa m'chipinda chopangira opaleshoni…
Inde, ndine woimba. Makina onyamula a O2 amatha kuyika mpweya wabwino, nthunzi mu sterilizer imatha kuthamangitsidwa kuti itenthe / kunyowetsa mpweya, intubation ndi mapaipi apulasitiki ali paliponse, koma tingafunike opanga kuti akulitse ntchito yomanga zidazi ndipo amafuna makina opangira magetsi ambiri.
Motere wodwalayo amatha kupuma bwino, koma kodi pamafunika kuchuluka kwa O2 mumlengalenga? Kodi amafunikira intubation? Ichi ndi matenda apansi opuma, madzi ambiri. Kodi intubation ingapangitsedi kupanikizika kokwanira?
Ndine wopanga zinthu wodziwa zambiri zamapulogalamu ndi zida. Nditha kulumikizananso ndi mainjiniya ambiri.
Ndikugwira ntchito yotukula bizinesi m'dera laling'ono lopanga zinthu kumadzulo kwa New York State. Tili ndi makina ambiri opindika zitsulo komanso opanga molondola. Ngati pali njira yopangira mapangidwe osavuta kupanga okhala ndi mawonekedwe oyambira, ndikukhulupirira kuti tili ndi nsanja yomwe imatha kupanga makinawa mwachangu.
Kodi mwawonanso positi yomwe ili ndi ulalo wamapangidwe a MIT 2010? Ngati sichoncho, ndikhoza kukutumizirani. Ndine Richard@worldhelm.co.uk
Moni, ndili ndi chidwi chokambirana za polojekiti yomwe ndikugwira nanu. Mpweya wolowera m'manja, bill2resist@gmail.com, zikomo Bill Rasmussen
Ndangopeza tsamba lodabwitsali lero, ngati mukuyang'anabe, chidwi kwambiri. Onani ndemanga yanga ya CPAP.
Mutha kufunsa kampani yosindikiza ya 3d kuti ipangitse mwachangu chida chosavuta komanso chothandiza chomwe chingathe kupangidwa mwachangu. Izi zipulumutsa miyoyo ya anthu ambiri ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati yankho kwakanthawi mpaka wodwalayo atayikidwa pa makina opangira mpweya wabwino.
Pulatifomu yathu imatha kuyendera malo osindikizira a 450 3D m'maiko / madera opitilira 40, ndipo imatha kupereka zida zopitilira 1,200 za 3D. Vuto lokha ndiloti tilibe mapangidwe. Ndinapanganso mndandanda wazigawo zofunika pa corona (mndandanda wa boma la UK):
Mndandanda wa zigawo zofunika - https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1bNjj23e5jFHIf-2XRq_RhuYsdASIoW4t5FKtAd2EiVM/edit?usp=sharing
Nkhani yokhudza mavavu a 3D osindikizidwa ku Italy. Pakali pano pali anthu 10 oleza mtima pogwiritsa ntchito njira izi: https://www.beamler.com/3dprinting-coronavirus-flatten-the-curve-covid19/
Chabwino, mukufuna kuthandiza! Tsambali lili ndi zambiri zaposachedwa za eni osindikiza a 3D + Discord Channel. https://3dprintingindustry.com/news/3d-printing-community-responds-to-covid-19-and-coronavirus-resources-169143/
Kodi chotetezera pachifuwa ndichoyenera kutengera kachilomboka? Mofanana ndi mapapo achitsulo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza poliyo. Mwachiwonekere, izi zidzakhala zosavuta kupanga.
Yankho lalifupi linali “ayi”. Anafunika kuumbidwa pa munthu, pogwiritsa ntchito pulasitala kupanga chifuwa, ndiyeno fiberglass kupanga chipolopolo. Pakhoza kukhala kusintha pamene ndikugwira ntchito ndi ine, koma monga ndikudziwira sindinachite zambiri.
Ngati mukufuna kuganizira ngati kuli koyenera, muyenera kuchita chiyani ndi iron ya m'mapapo? (Inde, akuwoneka oyipa, koma ino si nthawi yotsutsa zokongoletsa.)
Mapapo achitsulo atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, koma…muyenera kuwapeza, kenako muyenera kusintha ma gaskets onse ndi zosindikizira za mphira…ngati mutha kuzipeza. Rubber wakhala ukuyenda bwino kuyambira m'ma 1950.
Pankhani ya kupsinjika kwachitsulo m'mapapo kapena mwadzidzidzi, zopumira zonse zimayikidwa mkati mwa maola 24 mwadzidzidzi. Kodi angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati njira zadzidzidzi? Palibe intubation yomwe imafunikira, ndipo wodwalayo safuna zoziziritsa kukhosi (zomwe mwazokha zingakhale zoopsa).
Ponena za gulu la Hack-zaka zingapo zapitazo, mzinda wa New York utaganiza kuti angotenga chidebe chimodzi chovomerezeka, ndidapanga chophatikizira chotaya zinyalala choyendetsedwa ndi chopukutira cha sitolo. Ndinagwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwa zinyalala zazikulu zokwana magaloni 96 za Rubbermaid, ndikuidula m'zidutswa ting'onoting'ono ndi plywood, ndikumata pamwamba pa chidebecho (chophwanthira) ndi chidindo cha chitseko cha rabala. Kenako, ndidadula choyikapo chozungulira cha pisitoni cha plywood, pafupifupi mapazi 2 m'mimba mwake, ndi chikhodzodzo cha mphira chokhala ndi nsonga zovunda. Zonse zimasindikizidwa pa plywood ndi rabara ya silicone. Ndinasiya chotsuka chotsuka kuti ndilumikizane ndi chotsukira chotsuka cha shopu. Mitsuko iyi ndi yotsekera mpweya ndipo imagwira ntchito mitsuko yokhuthala bwino. zotsatira zabwino.
Monga njira yadzidzidzi, mutha kuyika mpando kapena mpando mkati ndikupanga chinyalala ndi plywood ndikusindikiza ndi bowo pakhosi. Ndi mphamvu yamtundu wanji yomwe ikufunika pa mpweya wabwinowu. Ngati kunalibe m’chipatala, kodi ndikanatulutsa amayi anga azaka 92 ndi mpweya umodzi?
Ndikungofuna kudziwa kuti kangati kangati kamene kamayambitsa mpweya wopopera mpweya-iron mapapu amagwira ntchito? Adapulumutsa ndalama zambiri kwa omwe adazunzidwa ndi poliyo, zomwe zimawathandiza kukhala ndi moyo kwa masabata a 2 ndikupangitsa olumala kuti agwirenso ntchito - ndikuyembekeza choncho.
Mwachiwonekere, sindiri wotsimikiza za zofunikira zenizeni za mapangidwe, koma payenera kukhala chiwerengero chachikulu cha opanga zitsanzo, opanga mapulogalamu, ojambula odzola apadera, ndi zina zotero omwe akugwira ntchito ndipo amatha kumaliza ntchito zambiri mosavuta. Ndagwira ntchito zambiri zofanana popanga ma prostheses a SFX, nkhungu, masks, zida zankhondo, ndi zina zotero. Ngakhale kuti utomoni umauma mofulumira, umatengabe maola angapo pagawo lililonse (ngati aliyense ali ndi makonda). Mwachiwonekere, ngati n'kotheka, ikhoza kupangidwa mochuluka mofulumira m'magulu osiyanasiyana.
Kuphika kachilomboka m'madzi kumamveka kovomerezeka, koma nthawi yokhazikika ya madontho amadzi m'madzi otentha sikwanira mokwanira. Mofanana ndi kuwala kwa ultraviolet mu chotsukira madzi chamtundu wa chikwama chomwe chimayikidwa pa doko lotulutsa mpweya, makina a PAP angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndipo amatha kupha mpweya wotuluka. Malingana ngati kuwala kuli kotetezedwa, wodwalayo sangavulazidwe ndi kuwala kwa ultraviolet.
Lingaliro langa ndikuti ndigwiritse ntchito pisitoni imodzi yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mota yamagetsi yosavuta kupanga sitiroko yofunikira kuti pakhale mpweya wabwino. Kuyimba kosavuta kumatha kusintha liwiro la sitiroko ndi kuchuluka kwa okosijeni, ndipo chidebe chamadzi ofunda chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutulutsa mpweyawo. Mtengo wa chipangizochi ukhoza kukhala wochepera $200, ndipo nthawi ya msonkhano ndi yochepera maola 8. Pamene sitiroko ya "exhaust" imatulutsa mpweya, "kulowetsedwa" kungathe kugwiritsa ntchito valve ya njira imodzi kuti mutenge mpweya wotuluka kuti muteteze kusakanikirana kwa mpweya.
za. Voliyumu ya pisitoni ya sitiroko idzawerengedwa ngati voliyumu yabwinobwino yopumira, yomwe ndawona patsamba lawebusayiti, mwachitsanzo 7 cc pa kilogalamu ya kulemera kwa thupi. Iyi ndi pulojekiti muzaka za m'ma 1950 https://blog.modernmechanix.com/diy-iron-lung/. Ndalembapo zambiri komanso kafukufuku amene ndachita pa webusaitiyi, koma panopa sindikuzipeza
Ngati palibe chopumira chathunthu, kodi chingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi cholumikizira (kapena angapo)? Kodi kusindikiza kwa chigoba cha 3D ndikothandiza pakujambula chithunzi cha 3D chapakamwa pa wodwala?
Ndidaphunziranso masks osindikizidwa a 3D. Chifukwa cha fyuluta, ndizovuta kwambiri. Chonde onani ulalo wotsatira wa masks opangira kunyumba: https://www.opensourcemask.com/en/
Moni Albin, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa makina olowera mpweya omwe tikukumana nawo, kungakhale chisankho chabwino ngati mungafotokoze zomwe zimafunikira pamakina otere?
Mwachitsanzo: dongosolo loyenera komanso locheperako: kulumikizana kwa o2, fyuluta ya o2, kulumikizana kwa intubation, humidifier, kutentha, kuwongolera, kuthamanga, ndi zina. Zochepa: Kodi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanda o2? Ma Humidifiers ndi zida zotenthetsera zimawoneka ngati zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, kodi kuthamanga ndi kuthamanga kungakhazikitsidwe? Kodi ndalamazo ndi ziti?
Kwa dongosolo lotseguka, kuyenda kuyenera kukhala 150 lpm. Onani BiPAP. Kwa machitidwe otsekedwa, kuchuluka kwake ndi 100 lpm, koma ndizotheka kukhala pafupifupi 60 lpm. Popanda magalimoto, odwala akhoza kufa ndi njala. Kupanikizika, muyenera kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa 40 mpaka 45 cmH2O. Kuvulala kwamapapu kunachitika pafupifupi 32 cmH2O. Ndikuganiza kuti njira yabwino komanso yosavuta yopangira mpweya wabwino ndiyo kutulutsa mpweya wabwino. Ikani kukakamiza kosalekeza ndikumasula pafupipafupi kwa masekondi 0,6 mpaka 1.0. APRV kapena magawo awiri. Iyi ndiye njira yotetezeka kwambiri yolowera mpweya yomwe ndikuidziwa. Zomwe mukufunikira ndi jenereta yothamanga, chipangizo chochepetsera kupanikizika ndi njira yotulutsa nthawi. Izi sizifuna valavu yoyang'ana.
Kodi chipangizochi chimangopereka mpweya wochuluka wa okosijeni pamlingo wodziwiratu? Mukufunikirabe makina owongolera mpweya?
M’zaka za m’ma 1950 ndi m’ma 1960, dipatimenti yozimitsa moto inayamba kunyamula zipangizo zoyendera mpweya. Izi zinali zisanachitike maphunziro a EMS a akatswiri. Kenako adasamutsa asilikaliwo chifukwa adasokoneza kwambiri odwala asanapite kuchipatala. Zinthu monga kukakamiza kwambiri mapapo ovulala. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kusamala ndikupangira zida zina zotchipa omwe amadziwa.
Ndikuganiza kuti mwina mukuganiza kale za "vavu yofunikira", yomwe ndi chipangizo chozungulira cham'manja chokhala ndi batani pamwamba. Inde, iwo ndi oipa. M'mapapo otetezeka a anthu, palibe kutulutsa mphamvu kapena kutulutsa mphamvu. Lumikizani molunjika ku silinda.
Kawiri kapena katatu permeator yowongolera chinyezi chamadzi. Kwa okosijeni, sindikudziwa kusungunuka kwake komanso zovuta zake
Zopumira zonse ziwiri zimatha kugwira ntchito (mapapo achitsulo) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Both_respirator Mwachiwonekere mudazipanga ndi plywood?
Kodi dziwe limatalika bwanji (kuti likule pa kutentha koyenera)? Kodi sichidzayambitsa matenda palokha?
Bwanji ngati mutagwiritsa ntchito zopumira zokhazikika (monga cpap), koma kubweretsanso mpweya wotuluka munjira yamankhwala (UV, ozoni, desiccant, fakitale)? Mwanjira iyi, imatha kubwezeretsedwanso ku chopumira chomwe chilipo, zomwe mungafune ndi chigoba chatsopano ndi zowonjezera. Chodetsa nkhawa ndi chakuti ngati chisindikizo cha chigobacho sichingadutse mokwanira, ndipo ngati pakufunika njira zambiri zochizira mpweya, mtengo wake / kuphweka kwake ndi kotani.
Ndakhala ndikudzifunsa ngati ndizotheka kukonzanso chopumira chotseka cha scuba ngati njira ina?
Ndikuganiza kuti zikuwoneka zosavuta kupanga chipangizochi, koma timafunikiranso kuti tichotse malamulowo kuti anthu akhulupirire chipangizocho. Kodi pali aliyense amene ali ndi malingaliro amomwe angapangire zida kuti zigwirizane ndi ISO? Pokhapokha ngati zofunikira zina zachitetezo zikwaniritsidwa, sindingathe kuwona chipangizocho chikugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Padziko lonse lapansi pali mamiliyoni ambiri a makina opanda mafuta. Eni ake ndi makontrakitala amawagwiritsa ntchito pomanga. Momwe mungawagwiritsire ntchito muzopaka mpweya wabwino?
Wopanga zida zamankhwala ali pano. Kodi ndinganene kuti iyi ndi pampu ya mpweya wonyowa?
Zomwe ndidawona m'nkhani ndikuti anthu omwe amavutika kupuma amafunikira intubation poyamba, koma nthawi zonse amafunikira mpweya wabwino, womwe ndi wovuta kupeza. Chifukwa chake, kupanga makina otsegulira mpweya kungakhale kofunikira kwambiri
Ngati chipangizo chomwe tafotokoza m’nkhaniyi si “chothandizira mpweya,” n’chiyani chikufunika kuti tipulumutse anthu pa nthawi yamavuto? Ndikuganiza kuti mapulani opangira makina otsegulira mpweya ndi wofuna kwambiri, koma sindikufuna kuti anthu awononge nthawi ndi mphamvu kuti athetse vutoli pomanga zida zolakwika. Maganizo anu ndi otani?
Kwa cannula ya m'mphuno, pampu yonyamula mpweya ya 12-volt (yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofukiza tayala) ingagwiritsidwe ntchito, yomwe mphuno yake imadulidwa kuchokera ku chubu chamkati. Dulani kumapeto kwa chubu chamkati cha njinga ndikumata kumapeto kwa kapu ya botolo la 2L kuti musindikize. Itha kulumikizidwa ndi pampu yamagetsi ya 12-volt. Payenera kupezeka njira yogwiritsira ntchito gasi wodumphira ngati cholowetsa pampopi ya gasi. Pampu za Aquarium zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito.
Ndakhala ndikuganiza zodula pamwamba pa botolo la pulasitiki la 2-lita, kubowola mabowo ang'onoang'ono kumapeto kwa kapu, ndikuyika nsalu kumapeto ngati zosefera za chigoba cha botolo, kuti anthu azitha kudziteteza komwe kuli. palibe chigoba.
Sindikudziwa kuti mutani, zolowera ndi zosiyana ndi CPAP, ndipo pali masks ambiri osiyanasiyana. Vuto loyamba ndi masks ndikuti ngati sangathe kusefa ma virus, kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo sikokwera.
Nthawi zonse zotsutsana, ndi kunja kwa bokosi apa. Kodi pali njira yabwino yochotsera mpweya wa "nebulized" womwe ungagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi CPAP. Zikuwoneka kuti aliyense amene ndikumudziwa ali ndi CPAP. Kodi ndizomveka kugwiritsa ntchito CPAP ngati njira yomaliza pamene palibe wowasamalira kapena palibe anthu ena ozungulira omwe ali ndi kachilombo? Kodi nsalu yopangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zosefera zapanyumba zapamwamba kwambiri zitha kuyikidwa pankhope ya wodwala ndi chiyembekezo chotsitsa kachilombo kotulutsa mpweya? Ndilibe maphunziro azachipatala, choncho ndichotsa malingaliro osavuta awa. Komanso, Albin, mukunena kuti si cannula yamphuno yothamanga kwambiri yomwe timafunikira, kapena ndi njira ina yovomerezeka?
Moni, ndikuyang'ana kachipangizo kakang'ono kosalekeza. Imayikidwa kumapeto kwa chubu. Kupanikizika ndi chosinthika. Kuthamanga kumatengera kuyenda ndi kutsata. Ndizotheka kuti titha kugwiritsa ntchito LMA kapena intubation wamba.
Kafukufuku adawonetsa kuti makina opangira mpweya amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa odwala 4, zomwe ndi zotsatira za chiwonetsero chadzidzidzi cha MD. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uClq978oohY Ananena kuti makina opangira mpweya wamtunduwu agwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pakuwomberana ku Vegas ku Las Vegas. Pa nthawiyo, wophunzira wina wakale anakumbukira zimenezi. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti ngakhale mpweya wosakwanira pakachitika ngozi, ungagwiritsidwebe ntchito kupulumutsa miyoyo.
Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazovuta kwambiri, koma yang'anani momwe zinthu zilili ku Italy. Chipatalacho chidadzaza ndi kuchuluka kwa odwala atsopano, ndipo madotolo adapeza kuti adapanga zisankho zovuta posankha woti agwiritse ntchito makina opangira mpweya komanso wotumiza kunyumba.
Kwa ine, kulumikiza odwala angapo ku makina olowera mpweya kumawoneka kotheka (komanso mwachangu!) kuposa kupanga chothandizira cha DIY. Tiyeni tichite zinthu zosavuta tokha, zinthu izi zitha kuthandizabe, monga masks kapena zishango zamaso zomwe ndizosavuta kupanga ngakhale kunyumba, monga https://hellosewing.com/homemade-plastic-face-shield/ ndi https : // hellosewing.com/face-mask-sewing-pattern/
Makina olowera mpweya ndi chida chosokoneza, osati chopumira chabe - mumafunikira HCP waluso kuti muyendetse mpweya wabwino ndi wodwalayo. N’zoona kuti palibe chochita kunyumba
Sitingagwiritse ntchito zida zotsalira mu sitolo ya hardware kupanga ma ventilator. Sichikulitsidwa, muyenera HCW kuti muwagwiritse ntchito. Kodi mumapanga bwanji pamanja ma 30,000 opangira mpweya m'milungu ingapo, kuwatumiza, kuwatumiza ndikuwathandizira, ndikuwaphunzitsa ogwira ntchito kuti azigwira ntchito ndikuwasamalira m'maiko 100 osiyanasiyana?
Tiyenera kupeza njira zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe sangawononge malo ogwira ntchito komanso kuti anthu asakhale kutali ndi makina opangira mpweya. Izi zidzakhudza ogwira ntchito yazaumoyo ndikuwonjezera ovulala.
Onani zolemba zanga zina - tifunika kuthandiza anthu omwe amadziwa kale kupanga ma ventilator ndi masks, ndikusiya kusungira masks ndi zakudya.
"Sitiyenera kuyesa kupanga ma ventilators" - Ndikugwirizana ndi izi kuchokera pamalingaliro owoneka bwino, koma sindikuvomereza kuti tisiye kupanga ma ventilator kwa iwo omwe akudziwa kale kupanga ma ventilator kuti agwire ntchito yomweyo. Zimatenga masiku osachepera 90 kuti mafakitale ayambe kupanga ma ventilator, komanso nthawi yotalikirapo kuti apange ma ma ventilator ofunikira. Tilibe nthawi yochuluka kwambiri.
Ndiye tingachite chiyani? Titha kuyamba ndikupanga "mawonekedwe a magwiridwe antchito" omwe amalemba zomwe zidazi zikuyenera kuchita, m'malo mofotokoza mwatsatanetsatane momwe zidazo zimagwirira ntchito. Mitundu yamafayilo yomwe ndikunena ndi yofala m'mapulogalamu am'munda komanso machitidwe a FDA ndi DoD.
Mu makampani opanga mapulogalamu, pali chinachake chotchedwa "kutsimikizira ndi kutsimikizira", chomwe chingamveke ngati kusiyana pakati pa mafunso awiriwa: 1) Kodi tikupanga mankhwala oyenera? (Mapangidwe athu adzakwaniritsa zofuna za makasitomala) 2) Kodi zomwe tapanga ndizolondola? (Zogulitsa zathu zimagwirizana ndi kapangidwe kathu)
Makina monga kuperewera kwa ma ventilator amayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zambiri kuchokera kwa ambiri omwe amatsutsana. Pofuna kupewa udindo, maloya achipatala amakhala ndi udindo "wolola wodwala kufa m'malo mogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chosadziwika". Komabe, akatswiri azachipatala aluso ali ndi chidaliro kuti zida zosatsimikizika zomwe amazidziwa zitha kupulumutsa odwala akafunidwa. Ngati angapereke njira yochepetsera udindo, kaŵirikaŵiri amakhala ofunitsitsa kuzoloŵerana ndi mikhalidwe yapadera. Kupambana kwa chipangizo chilichonse chotere kumadalira pakupereka njira yomwe imalola maloya, oyang'anira zipatala ndi ogwira ntchito ena kuti "achepetse" popereka ndondomeko za ndondomeko kuti zigwirizane ndi zochitika zapadera, chifukwa njirayo ili ndi luso lachidziwitso cha dongosolo loyenera.
Mafotokozedwe a magwiridwe antchito atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chitsogozo, kuyambira mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi zida zofananira kupita kumakampani azaukadaulo azachipatala (monga Medtronics) ndi Opanga omwe adatumizidwa pano. Imafotokoza za anthu okhudzidwa nawo (madokotala, teknoloji yachipatala, oyang'anira zipatala, maloya a chipatala, ndi zina zotero) ndikufotokozera zovuta zosiyanasiyana za wophunzira aliyense kuti apereke chidziwitso chapamwamba cha malo omwe dongosololi liyenera kusintha. Chikalata choterechi chimatchula zofunikira potengera mawonekedwe olumikizirana, kuti wopanga aliyense athe kukwaniritsa zofunikira, komanso mwatsatanetsatane njira yoyesera ndikupanga zida zilizonse kuti zitsimikizire kuti izi zikukwaniritsidwa.
Kagwiridwe ka ntchito nthawi zambiri ndizomwe zimaperekedwa ndi DOD kapena FDA kwa makontrakitala omwe akufuna kuyitanitsa kupanga ndi kupanga zida ndipo amatha kukwaniritsa zosowa zamakasitomala. Aliyense wa kontrakitala ndiye amapereka mwatsatanetsatane kapangidwe kamene kamasonyeza kuti ndi zigawo ziti zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi njira yopangira zida zogwirira ntchito.
Ndikukhulupirira kuti tiyenera kuyesetsa kuyesetsa kwathu pamodzi m'derali kuti tipereke "mphamvu" pazoyeserera zina zaukadaulo izi. Poganizira kuchuluka kwa maphwando omwe ali ndi chidwi, ndikukhulupiriranso kuti poyerekeza ndi malo akuluakulu, osasunthika opanga zinthu zomwe zimayesa kukwaniritsa miyezo yolimba, zida zoyenera zitha kutumizidwa munthawi yochepa kwambiri. M'makampani azachipatala, okhwima wotere Mulingo umatha kulola zochitika zambiri zapadera.
"Komabe, katswiri wa zachipatala wodziwa bwino ali ndi chidaliro kuti zipangizo zosavomerezeka zomwe amazidziwa zimatha kupulumutsa odwala monga momwe akufunira, choncho nthawi zambiri amakhala wokonzeka kusintha kuti agwirizane ndi zochitika zapadera."
Zingakhale zopanda tanthauzo kwa omwe akupikisana nawo kuti agwiritse ntchito zopangira mpweya 30,000 zapakhomo zokhala ndi anthu osaphunzitsidwa bwino-kulowetsa mpweya ndi luso laluso kwambiri lomwe nthawi zambiri limafunikira sedation ndi intubation. Simungalole anthu kuti aziwerenga zomwe zili m'bokosilo, ndipo simungawasinthe kukhala akatswiri a mpweya wabwino.
Chitsimikizo chachinsinsi cha chipangizo chachipatala chimafuna kupangidwa kwazinthu m'malo oyendetsedwa bwino ndi chitukuko. Izi ndi zomwe zimapangitsa zipatala ndi ogwira ntchito kukhala ndi chidaliro. Kodi mungalole wina kuti akuchitireni opareshoni yopanda digirii? Kapena mukufuna kuwona satifiketi pakhoma mukapita kwa katswiri?
Banja mukuganiza kuti zingakutengereni kuti mudziwe chipangizo chatsopano, zowonjezera zomwe zimabwera ndi izo, momwe zimakhudzira thanzi la odwala, ndi zotsatira za kusamvetsetsa? Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwapha munthu? Ngati kagwiridwe kake kachipangizo kalikonse katsatiridwa mwachangu kudzera pakusintha ndi kutsimikizira, kodi kagwiridwe kachipangizo kalikonse kadzakhala kosiyana? Kapena kodi cholakwika cha pulogalamuyo chifukwa idapangidwa ndi munthu wopanda ukadaulo wopumira ndipo sanayesedwe mwamphamvu?
Tsopano, sindikunena kuti ndikadapulumutsa miyoyo, sindingagwiritse ntchito matumba apulasitiki ndi ma wiper motors kuti ndichite zinazake-koma sizili zofanana ndi kuyesa kupulumutsa miyoyo miliyoni makamaka ngati mulibe. miliyoni The HCW imawasamalira.
Cholepheretsa chachikulu ku BIG ndikupewa kutulutsa mpweya wa aerosolized, wodzazidwa ndi kachilomboka - udzakhudza ogwira ntchito zachipatala ndipo chithandizo chadzidzidzi chidzagwa - ndikuwonjezera chiwerengero cha imfa.
Njira yabwino ndikupereka zida zoperekera mpweya wabwino komanso mwayi wopita kumsika kwa anthu omwe akudziwa zomwe akuchita. Awonjezera kupanga kwawo mpaka 100% ndipo akukonzanso ntchito yawo kuti akwaniritse zofunikira.

https://newsroom.resmed.com/news-releases/news-details/2020/ResMed-Statement-on-COVID-19/default.aspx

"Pankhani ya zida zomangira m'malo owongolera bwino", sindikudziwa kuti ndi mafotokozedwe angati a magwiridwe antchito kapena zoyeserera zomwe mudalemba. sindikuganiza zambiri.
1) Njira za "Standard" zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina monga zida zamankhwala ndi ndege. Potengera njira yoyesera ya "Go / No-Go" kuti ithandizire kupanga anthu ambiri, imayang'ananso kuwongolera kwazomwe amapanga. (Ngati mbali zonse za ndegeyo ndi zopanda ungwiro, sizidzatha kuwuluka.) Kwa machitidwe omwe sangagwire ntchito bwino pansi pa mikhalidwe yowonongeka, njirayi ndi yokhazikika.
2) Kukula kwazinthu zoyeserera, komwe sikugogomezera mtundu wa kupanga kwambiri, koma kugogomezera kuyezetsa kolimba kutsimikizira kudalirika kwake mkati mwa kulolerana kwapadera m'malo mwa kudalirika kwamalingaliro.
Kodi munayamba mwawonapo kuti mutha kusintha pulogalamu yoyesera ndi kudzizindikiritsa nokha kuti mutsimikizire zida zilizonse, koma ngati ntchito ya wopangayo ili pamwamba pamlingo wodalirika womwe watchulidwa kapena musanagwiritse ntchito m'munda, zitha kutsimikiziridwa?
1) Kuwongolera chilengedwe cha zipangizo zopangira, ndikuyembekeza kuti zipangizo za HELL sizikuwonongeka panthawi yopita kuchipatala kapena kuika? 2) Kupyolera mu mayeso ophatikizidwa, kuyesako kungathe kutsimikizira kuti kudalirika kwapamwamba pang'ono kuposa kudalirika kwa malo ovomerezeka. Mukalumikizidwa ndikukonzekera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, chiopsezo chopezeka mu No. 1 chimapewedwa?
Ndine woyambitsa komanso wamkulu wa kampani yomwe imapanga, kupanga ndi kugulitsa zida zamankhwala. Ndakhala zaka zoposa 40 ndikupanga zida zachipatala, kuphatikizapo zoyika za Class III zogwira ntchito, monga: -pacemaker-implantable defibrillator-intensive care breathing monitor-insulin pump-heart monitor-pacing Dongosolo loyesa chipangizochi nthawi zonse limakhala m'malo otukuka a kayendetsedwe ka khalidwe. motsatira IS0-113485 ndi zida zina zambiri zamankhwala ndi mapulogalamu apulogalamu.
Inde, ndili m'gulu la "Mafotokozedwe Antchito ndi Zoyeserera" zomwe ndidalemba ndikugwira ntchito. Inde-Ndimamvetsetsa pulogalamu yodziyesa-ndinayiwala kutchula Im, ndi katswiri wa sayansi ya makompyuta omwe ali ndi zaka zoposa 40 m'munda-kuphatikizapo mapulogalamu opangira zipangizo zopangira komanso zipangizo zoyesera.
Ndikuganiza kuti simunayambe mwapanga chipangizo chachipatala, mwinamwake, kuwonjezera pa mankhwala enieni, mudzamvetsetsanso miyezo yomwe imayang'anira ndondomeko ya mapangidwe ndi chizindikiritso cha chiopsezo. Simungathe kuzindikira zoopsa zonse poyesa njira zopangira kapena zinthu, ndipo mapulogalamu sangathe kuyesa zoopsa zonse. Kodi pulogalamuyo imayesa bwanji kudalirika kwa makina oyendera mpweya - kapena ngati mpweya wotuluka ndi wodwalayo uli ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda - ungathe kupatsira ogwira ntchito zachipatala?
Otsatira ena a ulusiwa agwera mumsampha wa kasamalidwe kazinthu - "Nditha kupanga chida chabwino kuposa iwe."
Kuyerekeza kwanu kwa "masiku osachepera 90" kuti makampani ayambe kugwiritsa ntchito ma ventilator ndikolakwika. Anthu omwe akudziwa zomwe akuchita adutsa ziphaso zonse zoyenera, kuchuluka kwa kayendetsedwe kabwino kakuwonjezeka katatu, ndipo zida zambiri zatumizidwa m'masabata aposachedwa.
Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa izo…Ku United States + kokha ku Europe, maiko ena angapo akuchita izi. https://newsroom.resmed.com/news-releases/news-details/2020/ResMed-Statement-on-COVID-19 / default.aspx
Kotero - yankhani funso lanu "Ndiuzeni; ndi metric iti yomwe ingapereke chidaliro chodalirika pakudalirika?
Tsopano mutha kuwona kukhululukidwa mwadzidzidzi pamiyezo iyi apa… https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/emergency-situations-medical-devices/emergency-use-authorizations
Koma zosinthazi zimagwiranso ntchito pakusintha kwa zida zomwe zidapangidwa ndikutsimikiziridwa ndi "anthu odziwa zomwe akuchita"** ndikusinthidwa pazifukwa izi pogwiritsa ntchito njira yoyendetsera bwino.
Obera sadzatha kuyenderana ndi zomwe opanga omwe alipo, omwe ali ndi zida zokwanira, mapangidwe, zida, njira, ogwira ntchito ophunzitsidwa bwino, maukonde operekera ndi kugawa maukonde, amatha kutengera magwiridwe antchito oyenera, kudalirika komanso chidaliro -Traceability. ndi network yothandizira.
Ndi zida zodzitetezera kwa ogwira ntchito zachipatala akutsogolo, ndipo ili ndi ogwira ntchito zachipatala okwanira. Tikukumana ndi chiwopsezo chosowa HCW yakutsogolo yokwanira kuti titumize ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa makina omwe aperekedwa kale. Ngati makinawo akubedwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika, amakhala pachiwopsezo chopatsira ogwira ntchito zachipatala, omwe amakhala odwala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chiwopsezo chakutsogolo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azifa.
Tonsefe titha kuletsa kufalikira kwa matenda posintha machitidwe athu, zomwe zingabweretse kusintha kwakukulu - kuyang'ana kwambiri paukhondo, kuthamangitsidwa kotetezeka, kusiya kukwera mtengo, kusamalira omwe akufunika, ndikupereka zothandizira kwa opanga omwe akukumana ndi kusowa (Monga PPE) kupereka chithandizo chamankhwala.
"Dziwani nthawi yomwe mukuganiza kuti zitenga nthawi kuti mudziwe chipangizo chatsopano, zida zomwe zimabwera ndi izo, komanso momwe zimakhudzira thanzi la odwala"
Inde, chifukwa mukuchita ndi eni eni m'malo momasuka, ili ndiye nkhani yanga yonse. Onse ogulitsa eni ake amangofunika kupanga zomwe amapangira komanso zoyeserera payekhapayekha zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira za FDA. Ngati a FDA kapena DOD ngati kasitomala akufuna kuyika makinawo, apanga mawonekedwe ogwirira ntchito mkati ndikuigwiritsa ntchito pochita zomwe akufuna. Boma lidzagwiritsa ntchito zomwe likuchita polimbikitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mayeso aliwonse ndikuwunikanso dongosolo latsopanoli.
Kodi mwagwiritsa ntchito Marlin pa chosindikizira cha 3D? Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, mosasamala kanthu za mtundu wa chosindikizira chomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito, mosasamala kanthu kuti mumagwiritsa ntchito zida zotani, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito menyu womwewo ndikusintha kuti mutsegule firmware yomweyo.
e… zimamveka ngati njira yomwe ingathandize kusanja makulidwe a makina ambiri omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana koma opangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito yomweyo.
Chifukwa chiyani mpweya wabwino uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito? Chifukwa chiyani mpweya wamba suli wabwino mokwanira? Kodi ili ndi funso la udindo wa zonyansa zomwe zili mumlengalenga?
N’chifukwa chiyani sitifunika kupuma mpweya wonyowa tikamapuma popanda kuumitsa zinthu za m’madzi? Kodi kunyowetsa mpweya ndiyo njira yokhayo yotetezera mucous nembanemba kuti zisaume?
https://www.ventilaid.org/ Ichi ndi gawo loyamba la pulojekiti yotseguka. Maganizo anu ndi otani?
Kodi kukakamiza koyipa kwa thupi la munthu kugwiritsa ntchito ma oxygen therapy ndiyo njira "yotseguka"? Sikuti milandu yonse imafunikira intubation. M'malo mwake, kafukufuku wina wawonetsa kuneneratu kwabwinoko ndikuchira kwamapapo.
Nthawi zambiri, kodi chowongolera pachifuwa cha biphasic chingawathandize? Munthu amatha kupanga chipinda choponderezedwa chamatabwa, kenako kugwiritsa ntchito pisitoni kupopera mpweya mu chubu cha pvc choyendetsedwa ndi chosakanizira choyima (chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti KitchenAid), ndi doko lolumikizira cholumikizira kuti chiwongoleredwe chosinthika?
Chifukwa chiyani sitingathe kusintha mpweya wotenthetsera kapena woponderezedwa wa ndege yandege ngati Boeing 737… Sinthani kuchuluka kwa mpweya ngati pakufunika, chotsani mabedi onse oyika mipando, ndikugwiritsa ntchito ndege ngati chothandizira ku ICU… anesthesia ngati inu Aphunzitsi atha kupempha mfundo zofunika za psi ndi kutentha…Izi ndi'zokongola, koma m'malingaliro zimatha kukwaniritsa zosowa za nthawi, malo, chitetezo, komanso kupereka mpweya wabwino ngati pakufunika… Dutch
Kunena zowona, sindikutsimikiza ngati lingaliro ili ndi lalikulu…koma mawu oti “otetezeka” ayenera kutsindika.
Pokhapokha ngati "chi Dutch" chomwe chasainidwa ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonyeza kukayikira - monga "Ngati zingatheke, ndine wachi Dutch".
Ku UK, amagwiritsa ntchito gwero lotseguka kupanga zopumira zosavuta. Zida zamakina zili mkati mwa bokosi la plexiglass. Amakankhira mpweya posintha kupanikizika m'bokosi, potero amakanikiza zida zamakina. Anapanga zida zamagetsi kuti ziziyendetsa. Ndikudziwa kuti mutha kukhazikitsa chipangizo chokhazikika chomwe chimapezeka nthawi iliyonse kuti chiyendetse. Izi zitha kutha m'masiku ochepa. Ndi yosavuta, koma ogwira.
Sindikuwona kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito mpweya woponderezedwa kukakamiza matumba a Ambu kuti apange mpweya woponderezedwa. Chikwama cha Ambu chimapangidwa kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito ndi akatswiri ophunzitsidwa bwino, omwe amatha kusintha kupanikizika kwakuya ndi nthawi malinga ndi zosowa za wodwalayo pamene mpweya wopanikizika sukupezeka.
Ngati muli ndi mpweya woponderezedwa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito valavu yowongolera (monga valavu yowongolera mu thanki yodumphira) kuti mukwaniritse mosavuta zabwino zilizonse zoletsa kukakamiza kwa thumba ndi voliyumu - palibe magetsi omwe akufunika, ndipo alipo kale.
Ngati palibe wowongolera ndi wowongolera kuti akwaniritse zosowa za odwala, sizingathandize kuchipatala. Sichidzalandiridwa m'machipatala. Sizingakulitsidwe kuti likwaniritse zosowa.
Opanga mpweya wabwino "Zowona" akuchulukirachulukira ndipo abweretsa zinthu "zotsimikizika" pamsika yankho lobedwa lisanakhazikitsidwe. Iwo ali ndi mapangidwe ovomerezeka, kuwongolera kwaubwino, mayendedwe otsimikizika, kuthekera kopanga misa, komanso kugawa ndi maukonde othandizira.
Chitsanzo https://newsroom.resmed.com/news-releases/news-details/2020/ResMed-Statement-on-COVID-19/default.aspx
Ngati sichikugwirizana bwino ndi wodwalayo, kutulutsa mpweya sikungathetse vutoli. Kodi zinthu izi zidzateteza kuti mizere ndi masks? Kodi athana bwanji ndi ma aerosol omwe ali ndi kachilomboka omwe angapatsire ogwira ntchito zachipatala ndikuwasandutsa odwala, zomwe zimabweretsa kugwa kwa chisamaliro chachipatala choyambirira, ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwaimfa?
Mulimonsemo, kaya mugwiritse ntchito pampu ya mpweya wa aquarium, 3D yosindikizidwa yoyendetsa kayendedwe kake, ntchito yake ndi yofanana ndi valve yokakamiza kuti mukwaniritse kupanikizika koyenera. Sindili ndekha, koma ndikuyesera kuwerengera masamu a PEEP kuti ndipange choletsa chozungulira chomwe chimalumikizidwa ndi mpope wa mpweya kudzera papaipi. Mpweya wobwera ukafika, izi zidzatseka kutuluka kwa mpweya, kuti mpweya utulutsidwe. Zowongolera izi zitha kukhala zoyenera kapena kuzimitsidwa. Pepani, maphunziro anga pamankhwala opumira siwokwera.
Moni, tingagwiritse ntchito makina athu a cpap okhazikika mu covid19 yofatsa? ndi zothandiza? Ngati sichoncho, ndi njira ziti zopangira kuti zigwire ntchito?
Kodi pulojekiti yamtunduwu pa Facebook ndi yotani? "Anthu" okha omwe adakali pa Facebook ndi Russian troll / disinformation bots ndi anthu opusa. Zabwino zonse ndikupeza zofunikira zaukadaulo pamenepo!
Ndidati, tambani kampopi kakang'ono ka mpweya wofanana ndi chowunikira kuthamanga kwa magazi pa jenereta yodzipangira yokha ya okosijeni, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa: hydrogen peroxide ndi mbatata mu botolo la pulasitiki. -> https://www.crappie.com/crappie/live-bait/349144-homemade-oxygen-generator-cost-8-a/
Mayendedwe a mapampu ang'onoang'ono amenewo ndi otsika kwambiri. Zomwe mukufunikira ndizofanana ndi chowombera chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina a CPAP. Izi zitha kusindikizidwa za 3D - ndazichita. Ndege yachitsanzo ya $ 10 ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pozungulira ndi mota yopanda brushless DC, ndipo mtengo wagalimotoyo ndi pafupifupi $10-15. Mutha kuchotsa zovuta zamagalimoto a BLDC okololedwa kuchokera kuma hard drive akale. Onani: https://drmrehorst.blogspot.com/2018/04/the-mother-of-all-print-cooling-fans.html
Ulalo wabwino wama injini a BLDC. Ndikuvomereza kuti iyi ndi yankho losangalatsa kwambiri, koma ndikuganiza kuti PLA pazakuthupi si njira yoyenera yopitira patsogolo. Ndikupangira kugwiritsa ntchito nayiloni PA12 kapena PP kapena ngakhale aluminiyamu kuti muwonjezere mphamvu za ziwalozo.
Kwenikweni, izi sizingagwire bwino. Mumafunika voliyumu yambiri komanso okosijeni wambiri. Onani izi: https://rebelem.com/high-flow-nasal-cannula-hfnc-part-1-how-it-works/ Chidule: Magawo azamalonda amapereka 21-100% pamlingo wa malita 50-100/ mzi O2. Ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito yankho lamphamvu la peroxide (10%), mumafunika kuchuluka kwa tsiku limodzi lokha. Njira yabwino yopangira okosijeni ndi kuthamanga kwa swing adsorption, ndiye mumangofunika pampu yokulirapo pang'ono, mavavu ena ndi mizati iwiri ya zeolite.
Kupuma kungakhalenso koopsa. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chikhoza kusinthidwa ndi mankhwala.

https://chemistry.stackexchange.com/questions/59305/production-of-hexavalent-chromium-during-electrolysis-using-a-stainless-steel-as

Sizikudziwika ngati kachilomboka kamatha kukhala ndi moyo kwa nthawi yayitali kunja kwa madontho a aerosol, ndipo ngati kutentha kwina kumapangitsa kuti zisagwire ntchito ndipo zimatha kuchira pamalo abwino, Zomwe zingapulumuke kachilomboka sizikudziwika bwino. Kutentha kokwanira kwa mpweya woperekedwa kumakhala ngati dzira lomenyedwa, chifukwa kusakaniza kosakwanira kungathe kuchitika ndipo simunaphike mokwanira zina mwa izo. Inde, mutha kudutsa mpweya kudzera mumfuti yotentha ndikuitulutsa pa kutentha kwa 200 ° C, koma pa kutentha kochepa, ndi chiyani chomwe chili pamphepete, ndiko kuti, mpweya wolowera kapena chinthu chomwe chimatulutsa mwachindunji. popanda kutenthedwa . Mulimonsemo, ngakhale mutha kutero, zikuwoneka kuti khama lalikulu lidzayikidwa kuti mutsimikizire kuti mutha kutero.
Ngati ndi choncho, timangofunika kudandaula ndi madontho. Malangizo mpaka pano ndikuti amatha kungofikira pafupifupi 2 metres asanagwe. Kenako, titha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapamwamba zomwe FEMA idalimbikitsa m'nyumba zawo zomangira zida zanyukiliya ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yolumikizira mpweya yokhala ndi zovuta zingapo. Izi zimachititsa kuti njira ya mpweya ikhale yokhotakhota ndikutaya tinthu ting'onoting'ono. Titha kupanga mwachangu kuchokera ku mbale zachitsulo, kenako ndikuchiza / mbale ndi yankho la copper sulfate kuti ma virus omwe asonkhanitsidwa asawole pamenepo. Njira zina zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito, monga cheza champhamvu cha ultraviolet ndi kutentha.
Tikufuna mndandanda wa ndalama monga nyumba. (Mwina chida chojambula pa intaneti chomwe gulu lingazipeze)
Tekinoloje (kukweza mpweya / mphindi, kutulutsa mpweya ndi kutuluka, kusintha kwa kugunda kwa mtima ndi kupuma, kulowetsa ndi kutuluka kwa Uv ndi ultrasonic decontamination, O2 kutsekereza mafunde afupipafupi kusanthula kwa kunja, kuyeza kwa O2, CO2, NO2, chinyezi, kutentha , ndi Kutentha kwenikweni kwa kutentha kwa IR kuti apange chinyezi chosabala, zowonjezera zowonjezera zamafuta
Zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga harnass trachea, air compressor, air pump, aquarium UV nyale, nyali ya IR, gwero la akupanga ndi kutsekereza mafunde ndi kusintha kwa electrolyte.
Mapangidwe a chipangizo chilichonse ayenera kuyang'ana zofunikira zamagetsi pa chipangizo chilichonse. Dongosolo lamagetsi la chipatala siloyenera kudzaza dera. Zomwe sitikufuna kuti zichitike ndikulumikiza zida zambiri zamagetsi ndikuyambitsa kuzimitsa kwamagetsi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwamagetsi! Izi ndizoyipa kuposa kusakhala ndi makina olowera mpweya okwanira.
M'malingaliro anga, cholinga cha izi ndikuletsa anthu kuti asade nkhawa ndi imfa m'malo mongopereka ziphaso.
Kunja kwa mayiko otukuka kumene tiyenera kukhala ndi zida ndi mankhwala ochulukirapo (ngati tiyang'ana ku Italy, tilibe, koma iyi ndi nkhani ina), koma chonde ganizirani dziko lachitatu, ngati kachilomboka kafalikira ku Africa, Othawa kwawo ku Bangladesh ndi Syria, onse ali osokonezeka, ndipo adzakhala ndi udindo uliwonse akadzagubuduka ndi kufa. Taganizirani za anthu osauka amene ali m’madera osauka, chifukwa anthu anzawo ali ndi udindo wowathandiza kuti apulumuke.
Ndine wodzipereka wazaka za DIY kumpoto kwa Africa. Ngati aliyense wa inu angapereke malangizo osavuta komanso mndandanda wa zigawo, ine ndekha ndikonzekeretsa namwino wakumaloko zida zolowera mwadzidzidzi. Iwo anali osakonzekera nkomwe, ndipo anakhumudwa kuti zikalatazo zinakanidwa ndi kutentha pang’ono kwa khomo lakumaso. Ndine wokondwa kuti nonse muli pamalo omwe mungathe kupitabe kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala. Ngati zimathandiza kukambirana, nditha kugwiritsa ntchito makina akale a philips CPAP mwadzidzidzi. Ndikuganiza kuti aliyense atenga kachilombo akaganizira mozama kugwiritsa ntchito chinthuchi, ndipo kufalitsa sikudzakhalanso vuto.
https://blog.modernmechanix.com/diy-iron-lung/ Mapapo achitsulo awa a matabwa adapulumutsa miyoyo yambiri pa mliri wa poliyo m'zaka za m'ma 50s m'maiko apadziko lonse lapansi
Ndimagwira ntchito pachipatala ku UK. Timagwiritsa ntchito makina a kiyibodi/makina olowera kwambiri. Ndinapanga chinthu chamtundu wa kiyi / keychain chomwe chitha kusindikizidwa ndi 3D kenako ndikutsegula chitseko cha kiyibodi popanda kukhudza kiyibodi kapena chogwirira.
Wachita bwino. Kwenikweni, sindikukhulupirira kuti chipatalachi chikugwiritsa ntchito kiyibodi polowetsamo. Zosatetezeka (kapena zowerengeka, etc.), ndipo pali chiopsezo chodziwikiratu cha matenda.
Palibe chomwe chili chotetezeka, ndipo kiyibodi yotsukidwa bwino (chilichonse chiyenera kukhala m'chipatala) ndi yotetezeka mokwanira (ngakhale mwachiwonekere si yabwino). Koma ndi kiyibodi yotani yomwe ili yothandiza - imatha kuuza aliyense amene alowa m'munda. Ngati mugula chizindikiritso chokhala ndi mizere ya maginito, mukufunikira gulu la ogwira ntchito "zaukadaulo". Pamene udindo wa ogwira ntchito zachipatala umasintha kapena aliyense wogwira ntchito akhoza kulowa pakhomo lililonse (mosasamala kanthu kuti ndilovomerezeka kapena ayi), pitirizani kutsimikizira, kuvomereza ndi kuletsa Chilolezo) ... yambitsani zovuta ndipo sizikhalanso zotetezeka.
Tili ndi makadi a ID a antchito pafupifupi 2k. Ogwira ntchito anayi mu dipatimenti ya IT amayang'anira ntchito zina zonse pamaneti. Palinso magulu odziyimira pawokha a hardware ndi mawebusayiti. Vuto ndiloti, pamene muyambitsa njira yothetsera vutoli ndipo zimatenga sabata imodzi kapena ziwiri kuti mupange makhadi a bizinesi kwa anthu zikwizikwi kapena kuposerapo, koma mukangokhazikitsidwa ndipo kusinthasintha kwa ndodo sikuli kwakukulu, kuchoka kwa anthu atsopano ndi achikulire Khalani olamulirika.
Monga momwe Foldi-One ananenera...ndizosavuta kwenikweni, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'malo otetezeka kwambiri…ndiko kuti, maofesi athu a IT (lol), oyeretsa ndi malo osungiramo zinthu zomwe sizili zoopsa komanso malo ofanana. Maburashi a maginito ndi makiyi abwino akale amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri.
Ndidangofika kumanor ndipo adandipatsa chogwirira chakale, kuti nditha kuyesa kunyumba osapitiliza mayeso.
Inde, ndikupanga zosonkhanitsa fumbi la boat hook kuti atsegule zitseko zonse zotsetsereka kuti apewe kuipitsidwa. Nthawi zonse ndimakhumudwa kuti ndikamaliza kusamba m'manja, ndimakoka chogwirira chitseko kuti ndituluke m'kantini kapena kuchimbudzi, ndikugwira majeremusi onse osiyidwa ndi osasamba m'manja…malizitsani https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:4217660
um, iya. . . Uyu wakhala wokondedwa wanga kwa zaka zambiri. Mukatuluka kuchimbudzi cha anthu onse, muyenera kugwira/kukoka chogwirira chitseko. Nthawi zonse ndakhala ndikudabwa chifukwa chake adakonza chonchi, kuganiza kuti ndi bwino kugwira / kukoka chogwirira, ndiyeno kukankhira chitseko ndi mapazi anu mukatuluka (kusunga kufunika kokhudza chogwirira chodetsedwa ndi dzanja loyera). Kenako wina anandifotokozera mmene anachitira, choncho ngati wina wagwa m’chimbudzi kapena akufunika thandizo, akhoza kuponya chitseko. Ndikuganiza kuti izi n’zomveka: (
Ndipotu, pafupifupi zitseko zonse za bafa zimakhala ndi njira yosavuta yotsegula. Nthawi zambiri, imatha kutsegulidwa kokha ndi screwdriver kapena china chake ngati screwdriver. Ngati mukuda nkhawa kuti wina wagwa, simungafune kukankha chitseko m'mutu mwawo. Ayi, bafa ndi zitseko zina zambiri zimatseguka mkati, kotero mukatsegula chitseko, simudzagunda chitseko motsutsana ndi anthu omwe akuyenda muholoyo.
Ayi, izi si zitseko zonse za chimbudzi zomwe ndaziwona zaka 20 zapitazo (paulendo, nthawi zambiri timangokhala ndi mbedza kapena zingwe zachitsulo, ndipo m'zaka za m'ma 90, tinalibe ndalama zokonzanso malo, kotero nyumba zakale zimakhala ndi njira zakale. ) Inde loko yokhoma. Zinthu zotsegulidwa kunja ndi ndalama kapena screwdriver ina iliyonse.
Mphunzitsi wanga wa miliri nthawi ina anati: Mukamaliza digiri yanu ya microbiology, ndinu mtundu wa munthu amene amatsegula chitseko ndi mpango, kapena munthu amene amadya pansi, ngati ndikugwira ntchito yanga moyenera, inu. pitani mukagule mpango. Nthawi zambiri ndimavala juzi, makamaka chifukwa ndimatha kutsegula chitseko ndi manja anga. Kuyatsa/kuzimitsa magetsi, kusuntha mipando, ndi zina zotero. Ndinayenda kwa masiku anayi apitawa osakhudza chilichonse chimene wina aliyense kunja kwa nyumba yanga anakhudza.
Moni, ndine munthu yemwe sindikudziwa kalikonse za MD. Kodi mukuganiza kuti maiko ena osauka atha kugwiritsa ntchito ma mota okosijeni opangira nsomba kuti apange VENTILATOR?
Chabwino, ngati kuli kofunikira kumanga nyumba, kodi njira yakale ya "mapapo amatabwa" ingakhale yabwino kwambiri? https://blog.modernmechanix.com/diy-iron-lung/
Tsamba lachiwiri latsambali ndi losokoneza, buku lina https://archive.org/stream/PopularMechanics1952/Popular_Mechanics_01_1952#page/n259/mode/2up
Mwina pali njira yosinthira kapangidwe kake. Mwachitsanzo, matanki a chitsulo cha dizilo ali ndi kukula kofanana kapena kukulirapo ngati mapapo achitsulo. Pali akasinja ochepa amafuta ozungulira omwe alephera chifukwa cha dzimbiri kapena vacuum yochulukirapo. Izi zimagwiritsa ntchito zitseko zokonza zitsulo zokhala ndi zisindikizo za rabara. Chotsani msonkhano wa chitseko ndi chitseko ndikuwotcherera ku thanki yamafuta.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito subwoofer ngati choyankhulira komanso chopopera mota. Mudzafunika madalaivala ambiri, ndipo ngati simuchotsa mpweya wochuluka monga mapapu anu, mutha kupangitsa kuti zinthu zikhale zovuta kwambiri, koma kumbali yowala, ndizosavuta kuzilamulira. Osachepera chipani cha Post COVID19 sichidzasowa DIY subwoofers.
Izi zimamveka ngati njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'matenda ena opuma, pomwe pachifuwa pali chotchinga chogwedezeka. Sindikudziwa ngati kupuma mwachangu komanso mozama kungathandize kwambiri. Njira yamapapo achitsulo imakhala yosakwanira pang'ono, koma kuphatikiza ndi tenti ya okosijeni yokhazikika ikhoza kukhala yothandiza kwa odwala ena. Ubwino weniweni ndikuti sizowononga DIY. Ndimakonda kuganiza kuti kuthandizira koyambirira kwa zida zoterezi kungalepheretse kufunikira kwa zinthu zabwino m'tsogolomu, koma sindine Doc.
Choncho, sikudziwika ngati liwiro la sitima zapamadzizi likhoza kuyendetsedwa bwino. Ndikutha kuona kuti ndi anthu angati omwe angapereke mpweya wokwanira, koma pokhapokha atasuntha pang'ono, sangathe kukakamiza. Pokhapokha mutaganizira ma valve othamanga, amatulutsa mphamvu pamene akugwira ntchito motsika kwambiri mkati mwa masekondi angapo.
Amatha kuyenda pang'onopang'ono momwe mukufunira, kugwedezeka kungakhale chinthu chowonjezera, ndipo mapeto otsika a yankho amakhala ochepa ndi maulendo, chifukwa chake mukufunikira madalaivala ambiri. Kulingalira koyenera ndi 12 x 12 inch drive. Ngati magetsi oyendetsa ndi otsika komanso kuyenda pang'onopang'ono, amatha kuyendetsedwa kuchokera kumagetsi a DC. Sinthani polarity kuti musinthe mayendedwe agalimoto.
Lingaliro langa ndilofunikanso Robert, ndipo ndikuzindikira kuti si aliyense amene angapeze chilichonse kulikonse, koma tryna imalowa m'malo mwa injini ya $ 100 yokhala ndi bass cone yayikulu yokwana madola mazana angapo ikuwoneka ngati palibe choganizira.
Lingaliro la @Murray logwiritsa ntchito chithunzi cholankhulirachi ndi lanzeru kwambiri. Kuti muwonjezere kuchuluka kwa mpweya, zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikuwonjezera kukula kwa diaphragm yomwe mumachita. "Injini" yamakina ya choyankhulirayo ndi koyilo ya mawu. Ndikhoza kulingalira ndikuyika chithovu chachikulu pa / pamalopo pa diaphragm yomwe ilipo ndikugwiritsa ntchito "valavu yamapulagi ndi kudula dzenje". Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito amplifier iliyonse yomwe ilipo kuti muyike okamba pansi pa "nyimbo" ya hertz.
Pali kachipangizo kokhala ndi mizere inayi yomwe imagwira ntchito motere: diaphragm imatambasulidwa pamwamba pa chotetezera pachifuwa. Sindikupeza ulalo wachipangizochi...
Chilichonse chachipatala chimabweretsa maudindo akuluakulu. Kuzindikira zolakwika ndi ma alarm ndizofunikira kwambiri.
Samalani kuti musanyalanyaze mfundo zazikulu za ulusiwu. Cholinga sikuli kupanga zida zachipatala zomwe zimatha kuchita chilichonse, koma kupereka zosankha kwa anthu omwe alibe chochita.
Ngakhale kuti kuwonongeka kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu kungakhale vuto, kungathe kuyendetsedwa bwino pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya mchere. Mchere wambiri uyenera kutsalira. Mchere wolowetsedwa ndi wotetezeka ndipo ukhoza kukhala wopindulitsa kwa mavairasi omwe amapezeka pammero.
Ngati ziwerengerozo zili zolondola, ndiye kuti mayiko ambiri adzagwiritsa ntchito makina olowera mpweya, ndipo 5% ya anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka amafa nawo. Tikunena za kufa kwa mamiliyoni. Chifukwa chake, ndikuganiza kuti DIY iyenera kukhala yovomerezeka pano.
Poganizira kuti anthu ambiri amene anamwalira kuno ku United States ali m’nyumba zosungira anthu okalamba, simudzatalikitsa moyo wanu.
Ndizochititsa manyazi kunena, koma pangakhale chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali mu "nthawi yobwereka" chifukwa ali, omwe zaka zoposa khumi zapitazo pa msinkhu uno adadutsa chifukwa cha chimfine kapena chibayo. Tsopano, timatemera anthuwa kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo amakhala nthawi yayitali kwa zaka zingapo, koma izi sizinathetseretu kusatetezeka kwawo ku matenda a virus. Chifukwa chake zili ngati zinyalala za "komaliza", ndipo kachilomboka kamafanana ndi momwe tidagonjetsera (kapena kuletsa) wakupha okalamba.
Osati zokhazo. Achinyamata* akudwala mwakayakaya. Iwo ndi chithandizo cha kupuma. Koma iwo anapulumuka.
Triage ikuchitika, ndipo okalamba ena kapena anthu omwe ali ndi comorbidities akumwalira osawaika m'chipinda cha odwala kwambiri.
Ngati (mwinamwake kulondola) mwasankha bedi lanu losamalira odwala kwambiri ngati munthu yemwe atha kukhala ndi moyo, ndiye kuti simungagwiritse ntchito chiwopsezo cha kufa kwa anthu onyalanyazidwa kutsimikizira izi.
Pali mabedi 50,000 mpaka 10,000 osamalira odwala kwambiri ku UK, kutengera njira yanu yowerengera (kupatula chithandizo chachinsinsi, chochizira mtsempha wamagazi ndi mabedi a impso). Ambiri ali ku London.
Ziwerengero zaposachedwa ndikuti 6% amafunikira chisamaliro chachikulu (nditenga 14% mozama). Chifukwa chake, ngati 2% yokha mwa anthu 8 miliyoni okhala ku London ndi omwe ali ndi kachilombo ndipo 6% amafunikira chisamaliro chambiri, nthawi yomwe amakhala ndi masiku 5-10…
Inde, palibe. Mofanana ndi mankhwala oletsa khansa, angakuloleni kufa chifukwa cha imfa yapang’onopang’ono, yopweteka m’malo moyesa kulonjeza mankhwala atsopano, koma sanayesedwe. Ndine wokondwa kwambiri kuti boma likundifunafuna.
Kuyesa kumatanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito. Pamenepa, palibe kuchepa kwa anthu odzipereka. Funso ndilakuti kuchuluka kwachiwopsezo komwe mungakulitsire pakuyezetsa kofulumira, mukukhalabe ndi mwayi wokwanira kuti zotsatira zake zikhale zoipa kuposa zabwino.
Mukuwoneka kuti mukuyiwala kuti tikuyesera kukwaniritsa cholinga chosintha nthawi zonse. Palibe chifukwa chogwiritsira ntchito "njira ya opanga" pazinthu zina zamapangidwe, monga kusonkhanitsa zofunikira ndi kutsimikiziridwa kwapang'onopang'ono. Lankhulani ndi maloya omwe ali ndi udindo wachipatala ndi oyang'anira chipatala kuti mudziwe mitundu yanji ya kusakhululukidwa, kukhululukidwa, ndi kudzizindikiritsa nokha pazida zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito panthawiyi.
Kukhazikika ndi kusasunthika kwa njira yachikale yopangidwa ndi wopanga kumaganiza kuti zofunikira ndizokhazikika. Sali m'malo opanga.
Ndikufuna kudziwa ngati akazembe omwe akukonzekera kuwukira kwa D-day adayang'anizana nati, "Palibe njira yomwe imatilola kudutsa zopingazo ndikulowa m'mphepete mwa nyanja."
Pepala lolonjeza lomwe lidasindikizidwa mu 2015 lidayang'ana kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito njira yotseketsa ma ultraviolet pa masks a N95 ndi cholinga chogwiritsa ntchito mobwerezabwereza. Zikuwoneka zolimbikitsa. Ma makerspace anga amderali ali ndi bio-shield yokhala ndi kuwala kwa UVGI, ndi zowumitsa botolo la ana zomwe tikuyesa pa N95.
-Kusiyanitsa N95 mu zigawo zosiyanasiyana (zingwe, vavu, chigoba, etc.) -Dulani gawo lililonse kukhala medallions, mikwingwirima, zidutswa, etc.-Ikani zidutswa pansi UVGI-Fufuzani zakuthupi pansi pa microscope-Bwerezani mpaka zinthu zitasweka.
Pepala laposachedwa la ku China linanena kuti kuyenera kukhala kwa mphindi 30 pa 70 digiri Celsius, ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musagwiritse ntchito kuwala kwa ultraviolet https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/3QYVWO4kj5qwuSHnhcM9uQ
Nyengo ili bwino lero, ndipo malingaliro anga adatembenukira ku radiation yachilengedwe ya ultraviolet. Komabe, sibwino kupachika zinthu pawindo chifukwa magalasi abwino amatsekereza UVB yambiri. Kuonjezera apo, ngati muli pafupi ndi msinkhu wa nyanja, simungapeze zambiri kuchokera mumlengalenga. Koma, ngati njira yomaliza, palibe njira ina… kumata pepala la saran (kukulunga pulasitiki) pa mtsuko wa makeke, ndiyeno siyani chigoba pamenepo tsiku lonse, dzuwa likhoza kugwira ntchito. Komabe, monga pde adanenera mu ulalo waku China pansipa, kulowa ndi kutsekereza kuya kwa gwero lililonse la ultraviolet sikungatsimikizidwe. Choncho, pamwamba pokha ndi oyera. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito magolovesi kapena zinthu zina, zitha kukhala zovomerezeka. Ndiye n'chifukwa chiyani mukufuna Saran kukulunga thupi lanu? Chabwino, malinga ndi zotsatira za netiweki mwachisawawa, chomangira cha Saran chosagwiritsidwanso ntchito chikhoza kufalitsa 80% mpaka 95% ya UVB… Chabwino, ngati muli bwino ndi ntchentche ndipo mukhoza kusiya njanji kapena mbalame zikukwawa pa iwo, simuyenera kutero. Chifukwa chiyani kuphimba botolo la cookie? (Biscuit tin, etc.)… Mukufuna kuyisandutsa kavuni kakang'ono ka dzuwa ndi kuyatsa ku kuwala kwa ultraviolet, ndiye muyenera kuphika pang'onopang'ono ndikuyatsa. Gwiritsani ntchito njira yabwinoko, kapena gwiritsani ntchito magolovesi/maski atsopano (ngati alipo).
Zitha kuchitika, koma kutsirizitsa kwachitsulo chonyezimira kumawonetsa kuwala kulikonse kwa ultraviolet pa ngodya iliyonse ndipo kungayambitse kuwala kumbuyo kwake kuchokera kumbali ndi pansi pa mzere woyamba wa ulusi.
Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito "malawi amoto" kuti mulekanitse UV B ndi/kapena UV A, womwe ndi mbiri ya macheka pazitsulo. Kutalikirana kwa mafunde a ma sawtooth kumatsimikizira (kutalikirako pang'ono) utali wa ultraviolet wavelength womwe umasiyana (kutali ndi ngodya yowoneka bwino). Yang'anani "flaming raster" mu Google Books kuti mupeze mabuku omwe ali ndi mafomula.
Ndikukumbukira tsamba la Wikipedia likunena kuti mlengalenga umalepheretsa UV C kufika pansi, koma (ena) UV B ndi UV A adafika pansi.
Chowuzira chosindikizira cha 3D chomwe chimatha kusuntha mpweya wokwanira mwakachetechete sizovuta. Ndinakopera chowuzira kuchokera pamakina a CPAP ndikugwiritsa ntchito injini ya HDD kuyiyendetsa, ndikukhala ndi mpweya wambiri wabata, koma mphamvu yagalimoto ya HDD imatha kukhala yosakwanira. Ma motors a ndege a BLDC, omwe amawononga pafupifupi $ 10, amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndikuyendetsedwa ndi oyendetsa ndege $15.
Muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa ndikuchepetsa kuthamanga, chifukwa kuthamanga kwambiri kungayambitse mapapo kuphulika. Ichi ndichifukwa chake makina a CPAP amaonedwa kuti ndi zipangizo zachipatala-ngati atayikidwa molakwika, akhoza kuwononga kwambiri.
Muyenera kupeza ma motors opitilira ntchito zopitilira, ndege zachitsanzo, ma drones ndi ma mota a RC, zomwe sizili choncho.
Izi zitha kutanthauza kuti kukula ndi kulemera kwa mota ndikokwanira kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa kukopa owononga.
Chigawo chosindikizira chomwe ndidapangira chowombera cha CPAP chili ndi mota ya 24W. Injini imayikidwa mkati mwa chowuzira, ndipo mpweya woyenda nthawi zonse umaziziritsa kuti injiniyo ikhale yozizira. Ndikukayikira kuti ngati mugwiritsa ntchito injini ya ndege yozungulira 50W ndikuyiyendetsa pansi pamlingo wapano mkati mwa chowuzira, imatha kuyenda kwanthawi zonse popanda zovuta.
Kutentha kwawo kwa kutentha sikuli kwakukulu kwambiri, ndithudi kudzafika kutentha kokhazikika mkati mwa mphindi zochepa mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito, ndipo nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito mosalekeza idzakhala yaitali. Kunyamula kudzazimiririka pakapita nthawi, koma zimatengera katundu ndi mtundu wamtundu, ndipo ndizoyenera mtundu uliwonse wagalimoto.
Mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi a ndege yopanda munthu ndi ma watts mazana angapo. Kenako, mapapu anu anangophulika chifukwa cha kupsyinjika. Ndikuganiza kuti adzathamanga kwa nthawi yaitali pa mphamvu zochepa.
Kuyeza kuthamanga kwa mpweya kungakhale kovuta. Masensa akumafakitale/magalimoto amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kukakamiza kwambiri ndipo samva bwino pakugwiritsa ntchito izi. Komabe, kupanga chitoliro chamadzi chowoneka chowoneka bwino chidzagwira ntchito (chidebe cholumikizirana). Kuti muyese kutalika kwa madzi, chosavuta cha UV led + cholandila chidzauza dongosolo "kuthamanga uku (kutalika kwamadzi) kwafika". Onjezani 2 kapena 3 led + masensa, ndipo mutha kuwongolera bwino kupanikizika ndi zinthu zosakwana $ 10. Yesani 30cm ya madzi. Kuthamanga kogwira ntchito kwa zida wamba za CPAP ndi 6 mpaka 15 cm kuthamanga kwamadzi.
Gwiritsani ntchito ma valve opumira, ma baluni kapena zina zotere kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwambiri komwe kumayikidwa pa chubu chopita kwa wodwalayo. Mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, mukuwoneka kuti simungathe kusindikiza bwino njira ya mpweya wa wodwalayo chifukwa mukupereka mpweya wothandiza wochuluka wa okosijeni kupita kumalo opuma kuti muthandize odwala onse kupatula chikomokere kupuma bwinobwino.
Uvuni wanga umagwiritsa ntchito chosinthira chotsika kwambiri (kapena vacuum). Amazon (yotsika mtengo?) ili ndi ma switch a HVAC. Mzere wamadzi womwe ndimagwiritsa ntchito umachokera ku 0.1 mainchesi a madzi mpaka mainchesi 10 m'mwamba.
Ndikuganiza kuti sensa yakuya yamadzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu makina ochapira ikhoza kugwira ntchito, ndipo pali chipangizo chakale chosungirako, Pirani pressure gauge. Imeneyo ndi waya wotenthetsera chabe. Kuthamanga kwa mpweya kumaziziritsa waya kudzera mu convection, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kukana kwake kusinthe, ndipo kukana kwake ndiko kuyesa kukakamiza.
N'chifukwa chiyani HAD ngakhale kufalitsa uthenga wotere? Zida zamankhwala si za HAD. Kuwononga nthawi chifukwa palibe amene angabere, kusintha kapena kupanga zida zachipatala… “Palibe” zikutanthauza kuti ambirife timayang'ana patsamba lino (kuphatikizanso ndekha).
Inde, ndi bwino kusiya zipangizo zamankhwala kwa akatswiri, koma ngati sizingapezeke kapena sizingagulidwe, ndipo zipangizo zina zonse zimalephera, bwanji? Ndimagwira ntchito pafamu ya nkhosa ndipo ndinakumana ndi mavuto m’nyengo yoweta nkhosa. Atakambirana ndi dokotala wa ziweto, adalimbikitsa euthanasia kuti athetse madandaulo omwe alimi ena amathetsa nthawi zonse. Sindikudziwa chomwe chinalakwika, koma zikuwoneka ngati mwadongosolo.
Ayi, ndi mnyamata chabe amene akuganiza za izo. Choyamba, ambiri a inu simukudziwa zachipatala komanso palibe zida zachipatala. Simudziwa nthawi yoti mugwiritse ntchito kapena kusagwiritsa ntchito zida zotere.
Kodi mukuganiza kuti chipatala kapena chipatala chidzakulolani kugwiritsa ntchito makina opangira moŵa kunyumba? Izo siziyenera kugwira ntchito. Adzaimbira apolisi ndipo akhoza kukusumirani.
Komabe, achipatala atanena kuti, "Tilibe malo ochulukirapo, ndipo zopangira mpweya zonse zasungidwa kuti anthu athe kuchira", angakulolezeni kuyikira agogo anu zopangira mpweya? Izi zachitika kale ku Italy.
Hmm…Kupeza chidziwitso ndi “kupeza zowunikira” ndiye maziko a Kubera. Duh. Mu ulusi womwewu, kunyoza mapazi ndi mbuli kwambiri komanso kudzikonda. Pamene/ngati gulu lotseguka lipanga yankho lomwe lingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chithandizo chadzidzidzi (ngakhale chakanthawi) kuthandiza kuchepetsa kuzunzika kapena imfa, mudzadabwa mwana wanu atagona (chifukwa palibe " Official / wolakwa "/ certified"), chonde onetsetsani kufunsa wowonongayo kuti "achotse zinthu izi kwa ana anga!" “Yesu.
Lol, chifukwa anthu onse pa hackaday sachita chilichonse koma kusakatula pa intaneti. Owerenga ambiri ndi anthu omwe amapanga zida zamtunduwu, ndipo mwina sitikunena za zipatala zaku Western pano.
Inde, palibe amene adalowapo pampu ya insulin. Palibe chipangizo chachipatala chomwe chili ndi zolakwika zambiri. Ine ndiri ndi inu, kuphatikizapo ine ndekha.
Ndangonena kuti zipangizo zamankhwala si mutu wabwino wa HAD (tsiku labwino). Aliyense akhoza kuchita chilichonse chomwe akufuna payekha kunyumba, koma dipatimenti ya Zam'kati sayenera kukhala yomasuka ku izi, makamaka kwa omwe alibe luso. Ngati FU ikutsutsana nane, ndiye kuti +1 ...
Pezani munthu yemwe sanakumanepo nazo "chitani nokha kapena mudzavutika." Tikukhulupirira kuti palibe chomwe chidzasinthe kwa inu miyezi ingapo ikubwerayi.
Monga katswiri wa zachipatala yemwe amadziwika kwambiri pakukhazikitsa, kusunga ndi kusunga mpweya wabwino kwa odwala, nditawerenga mayankho ambiri ku "projekiti" ya HAD iyi, ndiyenera kuvomereza ndemanga za Max S. 1000%.
Ndivomera kwathunthu (wopanga zida zopuma pantchito) uyu siwozembera, khalani mwanzeru-koperani zomwe zidapangidwa ndikuyesedwa posachedwa. Ngati mukufuna kuthandiza kufika kufakitale, gawirani dongosolo kwa wopanga aliyense ndi wopereka. Lolani ogwira ntchito zamalamulo adziwe yemwe ali ndi ngongole pambuyo pake
Woyambitsa/CEO wa FLEDGE Innovation Labs chofungatira chamankhwala ali ndi zaka zopitilira 40 pakupanga / kugulitsa zida zamankhwala =====
Sitingathe kuthetsa vutoli ndi mapaipi a m'munda ndi zotsukira kapena mpweya wotulutsa mpweya kudzera mumtsuko wamadzi otentha.
Ndikufalitsa nkhani zonse, koma ngati mutha kupanga uinjiniya, chonde ndisiyireni uthenga, bill2resist@gmail.com
Moni, sindikuganiza kuti mukumvetsa izi. Cholinga sikulowa m'malo kapena kupikisana ndi ma ventilator amalonda. Cholinga apa ndikumanga mozama chipangizo chopulumutsira chomwe chingathe kupangidwa mochuluka pamtengo wotsika komanso kukonzedwa mosavuta kuti athe kuthana ndi nthawi zankhondo ngati izi. Kodi chipangizochi chikhoza kupha anthu? Inde. Komabe, ngati chipangizochi sichinapangidwe, anthu ambiri adzafa (chonde fufuzani malo omwe ogwira ntchito m'chipatala akulowa mu mpweya wabwino kuti azitha anthu 4).
Mofananamo, siziyenera kukhala zokongola. Mwinamwake mapapo achitsulo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zaka za m'ma 1950 ndi otsika kwambiri komanso osavuta kukonza, omwe angapulumutse miyoyo ya anthu masauzande ambiri.
Ku Italy, lero - anthu opitilira 400 adagonekedwa m'chipatala chifukwa cha ED chifukwa chovuta kupuma ndi kudzaza kwa oxygen pansi pa 90%. Mlingo uwu umawirikiza kawiri masiku 3-4 aliwonse.
*Osakhala* ndi zolowera mpweya zokwanira kuthandiza aliyense. Sipadzakhala mapapo achitsulo okwanira kuti athandize gawo laling'ono la anthuwa. *Sipadzakhala * Padzakhala nthawi yokwanira yopangira njira yolowera mpweya ndikuyiyika, osati anthu okwanira kuyigwiritsa ntchito kapena kuiwongolera.
Nditalemba yankho ili, anthu zana adaphedwa chifukwa kuchuluka kwawo kwa O2 kudagwa.
Mpweya wabwino ndi njira yowononga komanso yogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zambiri. Si makina olowera mpweya okha, komanso amafunikira anthu aluso kuti azitha kuyang'anira zida ndi odwala. Izi ndi zazikulu kuposa kuwomba.
Kuberako kudasinthiratu ku zokambirana zoyendetsedwa ndiukadaulo zomwe zidathetsa vuto lolakwika… Yang'anani pa chithunzi choyambirira, chomwe chimafotokoza za catheter yamphuno yothamanga kwambiri, osati chothandizira mpweya.
Timafunikira zinthu zosavuta komanso zotsika mtengo ($ 50) zomwe zitha kukulitsa kupanga ndi dongosolo la kukula mkati mwa masiku kapena milungu ingapo.
Kuyesera kuphatikiza tayala la njinga ndi mpweya wabwino pa lamba wolowera mpweya si njira yothetsera vutolo - silingathe kuthandizira kapena kukula kuti likwaniritse zofunikira.
Ndipo - itulutsa ma aerosol okhala ndi ma virus omwe amapatsira odwala ena ndi ogwira ntchito zachipatala - zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndalamazo zisinthidwa kuchoka kwa ogwira ntchito ya unamwino kupita kwa odwala - zomwe zidzasokoneza dongosolo lachipatala ndikufulumizitsa imfa.
Ndimagwirizana ndi Gary Jones, chifukwa chake ndinapanga mapapo achitsulowa ndikuwakonzera kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ku Brazil: https://archive.org/stream/PopularMechanics1952/Popular_Mechanics_01_1952#page/n259/mode /2up
Chifukwa ku Australia, akuti tichepetsa pafupifupi 2,000 ma ventilator. Ulusi uwu si "ulusi wamalonda vs wodzipangira" ndi "wodzipanga nokha popanda kuchitapo kanthu"
Ma mota / ma drive amatenthetsa ma mota a drone, kodi izi ndizopenga kwenikweni? Wokupiza wodzipangira yekha ali ndi kompresa yabwino kuchokera kumsika wamakina kuti azitha kuyendetsa mpweya. Hei, muli ndi mpweya wokwanira anthu mazanamazana?
Tengani thumba lalikulu la zinyalala lomwe lili ndi pafupifupi ma kiyubiki 4 mapazi a "compressor yabwino" yomwe imatha kukwana mphindi imodzi popanda waya wamafakitale. Tsopano ndikutha kupuma kamodzi pa mphindi imodzi, kodi ndizokwanira?
Kwa otsutsa onse, pamene chipatala chikulemetsedwa kapena m'dziko lachitatu, palibe amene angalankhule yekha za kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake. Izi sizikugwira ntchito ku mizinda yokha yomwe tili ndi zomangamanga zamakono komanso zofunikira zomwe zimapezeka mosavuta.
Chabwino, simukufuna kuvulaza kwambiri kuposa kuvulaza. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito zida zonyansa, mutha kufa kwambiri kuposa kusagwiritsa ntchito zida zilizonse. Popanda kuyezetsa koyenera, ndizovuta kudziwa ngati zikuvulaza kwambiri kuposa zabwino. Simukufuna kungoigwiritsa ntchito, koma mutapha gulu la anthu mumapeza kuti ndizoipitsitsa.
Chonde, chonde, gwiritsani ntchito luntha lanu kuti muwonjezere kudya kwaukhondo wa anthu. Cholinga cha ntchito yachipatala ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa matenda kuti mpweya wopita ku mpweya wabwino usachulukidwe, ndiye kuti gulu silifunikira kudziwa yemwe amatenga zochepa. Mankhwala alibe chochita ndi ulemerero kapena clickbait; koma ndi za kuchepetsa kudwala ndi kufa. Ndikubwereza, ganizirani momwe mungachepetsere mlingo. Mudzakhala ngwazi yayikulu ya People's Liberation Army yemwe sakudziwa ngati mwapulumutsa miyoyo yawo. Ndipo simufunika MD kuti achite izi.
Tiyenera kupanga, kupanga kapena kukhazikitsa zinthu zambiri zosavuta kuti tichepetse kufalikira kwa kachilomboka.
Zikomo Dr. Clint-pali mazana a HAD posts pano, ndipo patatha sabata la posts, palibe zojambula, ndondomeko, ndondomeko yopangira chirichonse, osasiyapo makina olowera mpweya. Izi zikutsimikizira chifukwa chomwe maphunziro athu atipangitsa kuti tilephere kwambiri. Kodi pali aliyense pano yemwe ali ndi digiri ya uinjiniya, digiri ya zamankhwala, komanso wopanga zida zapamwamba kwambiri? ? ? Chani??? aliyense? ? ? ..,
Moni, ndikuyang'ana gulu lomwe silingataye nthawi. Ndili ndi mapulani opangira ndipo ndawunikiridwa ndi akatswiri azachipatala. Ndikufuna injiniya komanso dokotala wachipatala mmodzi. Ndimakonda kukhala msilikali kapena zoopsa. opaleshoni. Pali zinyalala zambiri patsambali, koma ndikupita patsogolo, ngati mukufuna, nditumizireni imelo. Bill2resist@gmail.com
Yesani tsamba ili, nthawi zina amakhala ndi zida zabwino. Amatumizira makasitomala ankhondo pamasewera odumphira anthabwala. Alibe zida zenizeni, ndipo mwina alibe masomphenya, koma amatha kupanga kapena kukonzanso zinthu zomwe zilipo kale. Mwamuna wanga ankawagwirira ntchito. Atha kukhala otsekedwa chifukwa chotseka, ndiye yesani kupeza olumikizana nawo patsamba. Kampani yawo ya makolo ndi Divex yaku Ireland, yomwe ili ku Cape Town.
Ndili ndi digiri ya uinjiniya wamakina, nditha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zowonera mwachangu, komanso ndikudziwa kutsogolera magulu ang'onoang'ono achitukuko…Zowona, izi sizinachitikepo ndisanakwaniritse cholinga champhamvu chotere komanso chosagwiritsa ntchito nthawi. Ndilinso ndi mainjiniya omwe akufuna kuchita zambiri.
Ndimagwirizana ndi kulephera kwanu, koma sindinganene maphunziro a aliyense. Mwambiri, ndinganene kuti ndizovuta kukonza, kukonza ndikuchita ndikumaliza ntchito zachitukuko.
Othetsa mavuto amafunika malire kuti atsegule luso lathu komanso kuti athetse mavuto enaake. Ndawerengapo zolemba zingapo, makamaka ndikufunsa za momwe makina operekera mpweya amagwirira ntchito komanso zomwe mukufuna mtundu wa hackaday. Ndikufuna kuwona kuti nkhaniyi/positiyi yasinthidwa ndi mfundo izi.
Ndemanga pa wotsutsa. Zida zachipatala ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka zambiri ndipo zingakhale ndi ntchito zambiri kuti zikhale zothandiza komanso zofunika kwambiri. Kubedwa pamodzi sikungatheke kufananiza. M'malo mwake, ma ventilator otsika mtengo omwe angapereke bwino kusakaniza / kupanikizika kwa okosijeni mkati mwa miyezi iwiri amatha kusintha dziko lathu.
Ngati mukuganiza za chipatala, ndikuganiza za kompresa wamba wamba ndi mapaipi angapo a PVC. Zoonadi, izi zidzafuna ma plumbing owonjezera ndi chitetezo, koma izi ndizosavuta kwambiri pamlingo waukulu. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukutsimikiza za izi, chonde dumphani kukayikira komwe kulipo ndikuphatikiza madotolo omwe akudziwa kuti mukufuna komanso mainjiniya odziwa zambiri pazida zam'mafakitale.
Simungagwiritse ntchito ma compressor okhazikika a piston chifukwa cha vuto la madontho amafuta a khushoni. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito kompresa yosungirako hardware kutengera [kutsukidwa] graph, koma njira imeneyi si ambiri. Ndine wokhutira kwambiri ndi lingaliro lanu la PVC la mapaipi, gawo ili ndilabwino kwambiri
Kodi pali wina amene waganizirapo kugwiritsa ntchito wotchi ya Midi (chipangizo chanyimbo kapena pulogalamu yanyimbo) kuti asinthe kuchuluka kwa mpweya?
Ndine wofunitsitsa kuthandiza! Nditha kupanga zida zonse zamagetsi zomwe zimafunikira pulojekitiyi. Ngati mukufuna, chonde nditumizireni imelo ku bflorin520@gmail.com, titha kuyankhula zambiri.
Chifukwa chomwe chimfine chimapha kwambiri kuposa ichi ndikuti anthu ambiri ali ndi kachilomboka. Malinga ndi kufalikira kwa Covid-19, izi sizikhala choncho m'masiku 30-45 kuchokera pano. Panthawiyo, panali anthu ambiri omwe anali kapena anali ndi covid-19 kuposa omwe anali ndi chimfine, komanso anthu omwe anali ndi covid-19 Za anthu omwe anali ndi chimfine. Chiwerengero cha anthu omwe amafa ndi 10 mpaka 40. Ponena za chiŵerengero cha anthu ophedwa padziko lonse, izi sizingakhale zoipa monga momwe zinaliri mu 1918, koma ngati zidzapha anthu ambiri, sindingadabwe chifukwa chakuti pali anthu ambiri. Ndawona zowerengera zambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito zowerengera zanga, ndipo zimatengera kwambiri deta yomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito, koma ambiri aife tabwera ndi manambala ena omwe akuwonetsa kuti 50% ya masiku padziko lapansi ndi A inayake. Tsikuli liri pakati pa Epulo 20 ndi Meyi 15.
Kuti tipange, timafunikira zambiri zaukadaulo: 1. Kuthamanga kwakukulu 6lpm 2. Kuthamanga kwakukulu kovomerezeka? ? ? 3. Mulingo wofunikira wa chinyezi? ? ? 4. Oxygen kusakaniza osiyanasiyana? ? ?
Izi ndi zomwe ndikufuna kudziwa. Ndili ndi chojambula chogwira ntchito chopangidwa ndi pampu yapamanja yamphamvu yayikulu. Pompo pamanja nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati matiresi opumira komanso ma raft okwera. Imayendetsedwa ndi "pistoni" yosavuta (gudumu lozungulira lokhala ndi chigongono chozungulira, monga injini ya nthunzi). Galimoto yamagetsi ya DC yochokera pabowolo loziziritsidwa ndi madzi.
Pakalipano, ndikuyesera kuwonjezera njira yochepetsera mpweya ndi njira yokhazikitsira kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga / kupuma.
Catheter ya m'mphuno 1 imagwiritsidwa ntchito. 20-60 malita pamphindi 4. 21-100% FiO2. 21% ndi kuchuluka kwa okosijeni mumlengalenga wozungulira
Za CPAP/BIPAP2. Ndimalimbikitsa kuthamanga kwambiri kwa 40mmHg. 30mmHg ndiye malire enieni amtengo wolowera mpweya wabwino, koma nthawi zina timafunika kutulutsa mpweya wabwino kuchokera pa 4.21% mpaka 100%, chonde onani pamwambapa.
Zosinthazi ndizokhazikika pamakina komanso odwala malinga ndi momwe thupi, thupi limakhalira komanso matenda. Choncho, zimatenga zaka zambiri kuti makinawo aphunzire kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera komanso motetezeka.
Kwa aliyense amene amawunikanso ziphaso zachipatala. Monga ISO13485 ndi 21CFR820 (QMS), 93/42/EEC (MDD), 90/385/EE (IVD), ISO14971 (kasamalidwe ka chiopsezo), IEC60601-1 (chitetezo chonse), IEC60601-1-2 (EMC), etc. Zinthu); osatchulanso zamiyezo ndi malamulo ena ambiri amitundu ndi magulu a zida.
Ndachita nawo ntchito zina (kuphatikiza zowongolera mpweya) momwe certification zazinthu ndi zowunikira zoyambira zidapitilira theka la mtengo wa chitukuko. Kenako pamabwera mtengo wa inshuwaransi yolipirira, kuwunika pafupipafupi, ndikusintha kosalekeza kwa malamulo ndi miyezo.
Ndalamazi zimayendetsedwa ndi ogula omwewo omwe amafuna kuti FDA ndi opanga zida zamankhwala ayankhe mwachangu ndikukhala ndi magwiridwe antchito apamwamba ngati mulungu wamkazi.
Kenako yambani, masiku 25 pa tsiku ndi masiku 8 pa sabata kuti mugwiritse ntchito ngoziyi kuti mufulumire kutsatira zochitika zonse zachisokonezo. Nthawi yomweyo, mudzakhala okonzeka kupita m'miyezi 6 yokha…
Ndimakonda kwambiri ISO-60601-1-4. Ndikuchitanso kafukufuku wa zida zamankhwala. Sindikufuna chidwi cha aliyense ndi chikhumbo chothandizira kupeza kawiri zotsatira ndi theka la khama, koma pokhapokha mutakhudzidwa, simukudziwa zomwe zimafunika kupanga, kuyesa, kupanga, kugulitsa ndi kugawa zipangizo zamankhwala. Kufunika kwa "lebulo" kokha kunandibweretsera zilonda. Mapangidwe otseguka atha kukhala ndi malo ochulukirapo (mapangidwe otseguka ali bwino, bola ngati atsatira miyezo yomweyi ndipo mutha kutsimikizira chiyambi chake 100%), koma sindikuwona aliyense akupanga zinthu zamalamulo m'magalaja awo kapena kupanga. M'malo abizinesi. Kodi ISO-9000 iyi ndi yovuta? Yesani 13485!
Pamene zofunikira za ISO ziyenera kutsatiridwa pazida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwalamulo, pamenepa, kufunikira kungakhale kwakukulu kotero kuti palibe nthawi yodutsa mizunguliro yonseyi ndipo mapangidwe aliwonse abwino angathe kuchita.
Ndikukutsimikizirani kuti ngati mulibe chochita ndipo muyenera kusankha pakati pa zida zomwe zilipo ndikugwira ntchito koma sizigwirizana ndi ISO, mutha kugwiritsabe ntchito mwayiwu.
Koma sizidalira inu. Izi zidzakhazikitsa chitsanzo choyipa. Izi siziloledwa muzochitika zilizonse. Sindikuyesera kutaya moyo wanga, koma zida zamankhwala ziyenera kukhala zopanda pake 100%. Kwa izi, zingatenge zaka khumi zoyesedwa. Mukufunsanji? Mawu. Khulupirirani. Tiyerekeze kuti mwapanga makina ndikuchita zambiri. Poyamba zinagwira ntchito, koma kenako zinalephera mofanana kwa aliyense. Imapha anthu onsewa mpaka womaliza. Mumaganiza kuti ndi kachilombo, koma pambuyo pake munapeza kuti ndi makina. Nkhaniyo inafalikira. Tsopano, chikhulupiriro chasweka. Anthu sakhulupiriranso zipatala ndi kuzipewa. Chiwembu chowuluka. Iwo anakana kulandira katemera. Chikhulupiliro chapita. Chifukwa cha kulephera kukhulupirira zipatala ndi madokotala, anthu ambiri adzafa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake muyezo wakhazikitsidwa kwambiri. Iwo ayenera kukhala. Popanda kukhulupirirana, mankhwala amakono adzalephera. Njira yabwino ndiyo kuphunzitsa anthu. Ndawona osachepera 20,000 mu bar lero. Anthu ali paliponse. Ngati wina anawapatsa malangizo olondola okhudza chifukwa chake, anthu onsewa akanatha kukhala kwawo. Palibe amene amatero. Palibe amene ali ndi udindo. Dongosolo lowulutsa zadzidzidzi liyenera kuti litenge. Masiteshoni onse akuyenera kuulutsa zomwezi pa siteshoni iliyonse. Ngati pali kuphulika kwa nyukiliya, tidzachita. Pa 9/11, tinatseka mapulogalamu onse. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, tinganene kuti ndi tsoka laling’ono.
Momwe mungathanirane ndi zoyambira, kapena kudziyesa ngati "matenda" ndi malingaliro osagwirizana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu / m'malingaliro, ndikusintha / kuwachitira mwanjira ina?
Koma zida zamankhwala ziyenera kukhala zopanda pake 100%. Ulemu, uku ndi umbuli wamba. Palibe chipangizo chomwe chili "100% yodalirika". Izi ndi za zizindikiro zosavuta zodalirika komanso chidaliro. Izi si zamatsenga, komanso sizifunika zaka 10 zamaphunziro azachipatala. Kudalirika kwa zida zachipatala ndi ntchito yoyesa moyo wothamanga kwambiri. Mukapereka mawonekedwe otseguka omwe amafotokoza za kulolerana ndi njira zoyesera zomwe makinawo akuyenera kukwaniritsa, mudzadabwa chifukwa mainjiniya opanga ndi opanga amamaliza kupanga munthawi yojambulira.
Sindili woyenera kukuuzani zomwe zingatheke mwachipatala, ndipo simuli oyenerera kusankha zomwe zingatheke mwaukadaulo. Ndizosavuta kunena kuti "ndizosatheka" m'malo movomereza komwe ukatswiri wanu umathera komanso pomwe luso la anthu ena limayambira. Simunapereke zidziwitso zothandiza komanso zolembedwa pazida zotere, koma zidakutsimikizirani kuti mukudzikuza kuti PHD imatha kupanga chinthu chomwe chimakwaniritsa zofunikira zomveka bwino. Sizili choncho. Zofunikira zomveka bwino ndi mainjiniya/akatswiri oyenerera amafunikira.
Simungagwiritse ntchito mapangidwe amkati a Walmart ndi magawo ake kuti mupange china chake ndikuyembekezera chiphaso… Kapangidwe kake ndi kofunikira ngati mtundu wa chinthu chomaliza.
Pankhaniyi, ngati zida zopulumutsa moyo ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi funso lina.
Vuto pano ndikudziwa zomwe simukuzidziwa - izi ndizovuta kwa anthu amalingaliro abwino omwe sanachitepo izi.
Ngati tikufuna ma ventilator ochulukirapo, ndiye kuti tiyenera kuthandiza anthu omwe amadziwa kale kupanga ma ventilator.

https://newsroom.resmed.com/news-releases/news-details/2020/ResMed-Statement-on-COVID-19/default.aspx

Tiyenera kuthandiza anthu amene angathe kuwamanga, kuwayesa, kuwabweretsa kumene akufunikira, kuphunzitsa anthu ndi kupereka chithandizo kwa iwo. Ndipo-onetsetsani kuti pali PPE yokwanira ndi mizere yoletsa kuyimitsa-makamaka ngati wodwala akulowetsamo-kuti tisayambitse matenda a bakiteriya kwa odwala omwe ali ndi kachilombo kale kapena kupanga ma aerosol okhala ndi ma virus omwe amatha kupatsira kachilomboka Kuti zinthu ziipireipire- osamalira-kuwasandutsa odwala ndikupangitsa kuti chithandizo chamankhwala chadzidzidzi chiwonongeke-chomwe chidzawonjezera imfa.
Ngakhale kuti lingaliro ili lingakhale lokongola, sizili zofanana ndi kusintha CO2 scrubber mu Apollo 13. Vuto lomwe likukumana ndi Apollo 13 ndilofunika kuthetsa, mothandizidwa ndi zikwi za akatswiri omwe amathetsa vuto. Ndipo malo operekera ndi amodzi ndipo palibe chiopsezo. Iphani anthu omwe akuyesera kuthandiza.
Izi zili choncho chifukwa *munthawi yanthawi zonse, timafuna kuti chilichonse *chikhale chotetezeka momwe tingathere*. Ngati sitiyenera kuchita ngozi zosafunikira, ndiye kuti sitiyenera kutero. Komabe, izi sizili zachilendo konse (zimenezi zimakulitsidwa ndi kusakwanira kwathunthu kwa boma, kuchedwa ndi kugwa). Apa, mulingo woyenera wopanga ndi "chiyembekezo ndichabwino kuposa chilichonse (osati choyipa)".
chabwino. Koma miyezi ingapo kuchokera pano, pomwe 5% mwa anthu mabiliyoni 1.4 aku India akufunika ma ventilators, palibe amene angadziwe za certification. Chofunika ndi mphamvu.
Ndinaganiza kuti tibweretsa "sukulu yakale" PEEP / Super Spyglass yokhala ndi zinyalala zodzaza madzi. Kutalika kwa chubu ndi kuya m'madzi kumayang'anira kuthamanga.
Zachidziwikire, sikuti ndi makina olowera mpweya, koma ngati mumangofunika CPAP/PEEP, mutha kutsatira njira zambiri pamalangizo akale azachipatala a DIY pt. nkhawa.
Ngati odwala ovala masks akuchitapo kanthu kuti apewe kufalikira kwa ndege, ndiye kuti sindikudziwa chifukwa chake CPAP iyenera kuchotsedwa chifukwa masks omwe ali pa maskswa amatha kuphimbidwa ndi masks wamba.
Koma ndikuvomereza kuti kuyang'ana mmbuyo kudzapeza kuti zipangizo zathu zosavuta ndizosavuta kuziwonanso.
Pakadali pano, pali nkhawa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito NIV (monga BPAP) / HHHF (monga AirVo / Optiflow) mu COVID-19 kumabweretsa zotsatirapo zosafunikira.
Tikangotha, poganiza kuti chipatala chilichonse chingayerekeze kuzigwiritsa ntchito, chitha kugwiritsa ntchito ma gwero otseguka a *invasive* ma ventilator. Komabe, sindikudziwa momwe tingatsimikizire ndikutsimikizira kuti pulogalamuyo ndi hardware ikukwaniritsa miyezo yachitetezo yomwe timayembekezera…
Izi sizikugwirizana ndi teknoloji, koma ndi malamulo ndi zoopseza zomwe zaiwalika.
Munathetsa chiganizo mwangozi. Ndidzakuchitirani izi: “Ili ndi lamulo ndi kuopseza kuti anthu adzaiwalika, chifukwa munapha anthu onsewa ndi zinyalala zosayesedwa.
Pakadali pano akuyesa mankhwala kwa odwala omwe amwalira ndi covid-19. mayeso. Kukhala dokotala ndikupeza chidziwitso. Kodi mukuganiza kuti namwino wamba, dotolo, ndi wazaumoyo sadziwa chilichonse pa zomwe zikunenedwa apa. Akuganizanso. Zolingalira zamantha. Anthu akufa, muyenera kungosiya kukanidwa ndikupereka nthawi yanu pamayankho osiyanasiyana, apo ayi abale anu/anzanu nawonso amwalira.
Paramedic Flight Paramedic ndi A&P Mlangizi ACLS Mlangizi EMS System Mtsogoleri Moto & Rescue Capitan (tsopano wopuma pantchito)
Monga zosunga zobwezeretsera pa doko lodziwikiratu, nthawi zonse pamakhala chigoba cha valve ya thumba (BVM) mu ICU / OR / ambulansi yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito popangira odwala pamanja pansi pa anesthesia kapena intubation. Nditaganizira malingaliro apangidwe a mpweya wamakono wamakono, ndinaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito mapapo akale achitsulo kuti akhale odalirika kwambiri pa izi. Chifukwa chimodzi n’chakuti anagwiritsa ntchito kamangidwe kameneka n’kukasunga kwa nthawi yaitali m’mbuyomo. Poganizira kuphweka kwake komanso kutsika mtengo, ndizodalirika komanso zotetezeka, ndipo ndizosavuta kupopera pamanja ngati mphamvu yatha, yomwe ili yabwino kuposa BVM Ndipo pamene mpweya wa munthu watopa ndipo ukhoza kugwedeza chubu, palibe chiopsezo. za extubation, kapena chiwopsezo cha chubu esophagus (odwala amamwalira mkati mwa mphindi 4-5). Chotsalira chokha ndicho kuyenda, koma mu nkhani iyi, sitikulankhula za moyo m'ndende "mapapo". Pochita maopaleshoni okhala ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu cha odwala, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchenjeza potengera kuyeza kwa mpweya (kutulutsa CO2), chifukwa malo o2 okhala ndi odwala omwe ali ndi hypoventilated amatha kukhala pafupi ndi 100% kwa nthawi yayitali, komanso magazi. pickle ndi kupha chirichonse. Ubongo umafa. Ponena za okosijeni, inde, ntchito iliyonse ya gasi ikhoza kukwaniritsa zosowa zilizonse zachipatala, koma sizingakhale zovomerezeka, kotero njira yotsika mtengo yotsimikizira chiyero ndi chitetezo ingapangitse kuti zinthu zikhale bwino. Choncho, ngati mukufuna kwambiri mpweya wabwino, ine amati-DIY mapangidwe chitsulo mapapo (wosavuta Sten mfuti polojekiti; kuyambira muyezo mbali kapangidwe) - mafakitale mpweya kotunga-shotgun airway luso maphunziro (masiku 1-2), kumvetsa zoyambira za Chidziwitso cha EMT ndi ena ogwira ntchito zadzidzidzi kapena ogwira ntchito zachipatala ayenera kuyang'anira malo ambiri opangira mpweya. M'pofunika kutembenuza akatswiri oyendetsa ndege oyenda mwadzidzidzi ola limodzi kapena awiri aliwonse ndi kuyang'anira mosamala kwambiri kuti asachoke mosavuta.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito valavu ya rabara ya njira imodzi (yokwanira kukopa mabala a pachifuwa) ndi diaphragm yaikulu ya rabara kuti asindikize mbali imodzi ya silinda yaikulu yokwanira kuti munthu agwire. Ndiye… Itha kukhala yosavuta (ngakhale kuvomerezedwa: mwina) kusinthidwa mpaka pamlingo woyenera. Timachita zomwe tiyenera kuchita.
Zomwezo zimapitanso m'mapapo achitsulo: adapangidwa poyambirira kuti azichiza matenda a mitsempha (kuwongolera minofu ya odwala) yoyambitsidwa ndi poliyo. Odwalawa amapuma mpweya wozungulira ndipo m'mapapo awo amagwira ntchito bwino (kutsata, kufalikira kwa okosijeni, ndi zina zotero), sindikuganiza kuti zida zamtundu wa iron mapapu zithandiza odwala omwe ali ndi COVID-19. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa matenda (COVID-19 virus + bacterial superinfection) motsatizana ndi edema, mapapu a odwala omwe ali ndi COVID-19 amawonongeka kwambiri. Zonsezi zingayambitse kuchepa kwa mpweya wa okosijeni komanso kuchepetsa kutsata kwa mapapo. Ndikuganiza kuti anthu ambiri adzafa ndi ARDS komanso kulephera kwa ziwalo zingapo. Choncho, timafunika mpweya wochuluka (mpaka 100%) komanso mpweya wabwino kwambiri (mpaka 30mmHg, womwe ungakhale wokwera kwakanthawi kochepa) kuti zigawo zonse za m'mapapo zitseguke ndikukankhira mpweya kulowa m'maselo ofiira amagazi kudzera m'mapapo. edema.
Traditional o2 nasal cannula (mpaka malita 6 a mpweya pamphindi)>chigoba ndi mosungira (mpaka malita 15 a mpweya pamphindi)>kuthamanga kwambiri kwa mphuno ya cannula (malita 20-60 a O2 pamphindi, FiO2 yosinthika)>chigoba cha CPAP chokhazikika >Yatsani CPAP setting ya respirator (PEEP 5mmHg, FiO2 yosinthika)> Respirator pa BIPAP setting (kuthamanga kwakukulu 30mmHg, PEEP 5mmHg, FiO2 yosinthika)> ECMO
Ponena za pulojekitiyi, ndikupempha kuti ndiyigawanitse m'magulu angapo malinga ndi kuphulika (gulu lapamwamba la nasal intubation, gulu la CPAP, gulu la BIPAP, etc.). Pakhoza kukhala mapulojekiti angapo mu gulu lirilonse, malingana ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito (kugwiritsanso ntchito zinthu zomwe zilipo kale ndi kumanga / kusokoneza makina atsopano) ndi milandu yogwiritsira ntchito (kunja ndi mkati mwa chipatala). Ndikuganiza kuti chodetsa nkhaŵa kwambiri ndi kugula mpweya ndi magetsi m'chilengedwe kunja kwa chipatala.
Chofunikira kwambiri panjira yotsegulira gwero ndikuti iyenera kupangidwa ndi magawo omwe amapezeka kale paliponse. Tingafunike 500,000 pamwezi. Zigawozi ziyenera kukhala zinthu zomwe mungagule ku Home Depot kapena Wal-Mart. Mapangidwewa amafunikira dongosolo lophunzitsira ndi akatswiri azachipatala asanayambe kupanga makina, mapulogalamu a foni yam'manja, zitsanzo za 3D za zipangizo zosindikizira ndi mavidiyo ophunzitsira. Kuphatikiza apo, malamulo a FDA ndi maudindo azamalamulo adzafunika kuchotsedwa, kotero thandizo la boma likufunika. Ndidalumikizana ndi ofesi yakhansala wanga. Adanditumiza patsamba la FDA kuti ndivomerezedwe mwachangu. Itha kupangidwa ndi makampani omwe amapanga makina a pneumatic kapena hydraulic. Mwina zimango kapena ukadaulo wa HVAC zitha kupezedwa kudzera mu malangizo apa intaneti. Tinakumana ndi mainjiniya akuluakulu a 6, ma CTO, azachipatala ndi oyang'anira omwe agwira ntchito mubizinesi yopumira yachipatala kwa zaka 10-30. Timapereka malingaliro ena. Yoyamba ndi makina opangidwa bwino a CPAP omwe angathandize anthu kunyumba. Amagwiritsa ntchito makina opangidwa ndi okosijeni a CPAP okhala ndi mapaipi mumtsuko kapena zinyalala ndi madzi kuti apititse patsogolo kutulutsa mpweya (kuthamanga komaliza, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti PEEP). Kugwira mpweya pansi pamadzi kungalepheretse kachilomboka kuthawira m'chipinda. Mpweya wa okosijeni ndi kupanikizika kowonjezereka m’mapapo kumathandiza kuti mpweya wochuluka ulowe m’mapapo owonongeka, ndikuyembekeza kuwapatsa nthaŵi yowonjezereka yopanga ma antibodies. Izi zimafuna gwero la chigoba (chomwe chingakhale chopangidwa ndi thermoformed kapena 3D kusindikizidwa, kapena kusinthidwa kuchokera ku chopumira chopopera chopopera. imagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandizira mpweya wosinthika, valavu yowaza bwino imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokoka mpweya ndi ma valve otulutsa mpweya, zonse zimayendetsedwa ndi foni yam'manja kudzera pa cholumikizira chamutu kapena nthawi zina zosinthika, ndipo stereo imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa chizindikiro cha foni yam'manja ( zigawo izi Ngati mpweya wabwino akutha, chihema mu chipatala malo oimikapo magalimoto adzatulutsa pachimake inhalation kuthamanga 50-100 masentimita H2O ndi 20-50 masentimita expiratory kuthamanga (PEEP) mpweya mlingo wa 40-60%. palibe, pulse oximeter ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa titration M'zochitika zonsezi, wodwalayo angafunike mpweya wa okosijeni kudzera mu payipi ya tank yosungiramo chipatala, tangi yosungiramo nthawi yowotcherera kapena Dewar pali vuto ndi kugawa mpweya, mungagwiritse ntchito galasi CHIKWANGWANI insulated zitsulo ng'oma kwa madzi mpweya kugawa. Izi mpweya njira mwina atomize HIV wodwalayo, chifukwa kufunika kulanda 100% ya mpweya wotuluka mu fyuluta kapena fume hood , Motero kupangitsa wodwalayo kutopa, wotopa panja kapena kuwira mu bulitchi.
Ikhoza kugwira ntchito, koma voliyumu yake ndi yayikulu. Ultraviolet imatha kupha ma virus, cheza cha ultraviolet ndi mabakiteriya ena. Kuphatikiza apo, pakhungu, vitamini D3 imapangidwa pakhungu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti musanafune chothandizira mpweya, bedi loyera la A sunbed lingakhale chisankho chabwino pakuchiza.
Ma cell a T amayeretsa vitamini D kuti ayambitse kupha ma virus! Kuwala kwa ultraviolet kumapangitsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda titheke! …. Magetsi a Ultraviolet B/C adzawononga DNA kuti imuphe. Ngakhale UVA ndi yotetezeka kuwonetseredwa kwa anthu. Dzuwa (bola ngati silikuwotcha), lingakhale njira yabwino yokhalira wathanzi!
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa dziwe, kusambira / jacuzzi madzi! Sanitizer yamanja ndiyabwinonso! Kafukufuku wochulukirapo akufunika kuti amvetse bwino ubwino ndi kuopsa kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa!
Mofananamo, maonekedwe omwe angakhale oyenera akuwoneka kuti anthu ena ayesetsa kwambiri motere: https://app.jogl.io/project/121#about
Moni, mungandiuze, ngati nkotheka, ndi sensor ya O2 iti yomwe ndingagule ndikuyembekeza kuti igwirizane ndi nsanja ya arduino?
"Chifukwa chake, ngati pali kufunikira kwakukulu kwa mpweya wabwino, ndikupangira-DIY mapangidwe achitsulo m'mapapo kuti azitha mpweya wabwino"
Kuonjezera apo, ikamangidwa ngati ngolo yogudubuza, imakhala ndi ubwino wosakhala pabedi. Ndi yopapatiza kuposa bedi wamba.
Inde, mapapo achitsulo amagwira ntchito. Chavuta ndi chiyani ndi iwo tsopano. Chidziwitso chachifupi ndichosavuta, ndipo sichovuta kwambiri kwa aliyense amene ali ndi chidziwitso cha uinjiniya ndi magetsi.
Kuyang'ana yankho, kodi aliyense amaganiza za kusinthidwa kosavuta, ndiko kuti, kuwonjezera ma valve awiri a cheke ku chipangizo chowombera moto ndikugwirizanitsa flywheel ndi chowongolera ku ndodo yolumikizira, kuti kutalika kwa sitiroko kusinthidwa kuwongolera Voliyumu ya pampu iliyonse yamadzi. Valavu yolowera imatha kulumikizidwanso ndi njira yoperekera mpweya kuti ionjezere o2. Gawo lomaliza lipereka njira yopangira ndi kuyeretsa mpweya wotuluka m'mapapo… lingaliro chabe.
Kodi makina a CPAP/BiPAP atha kusweka ndi mapulogalamu kuti akhale obwereza? Mitundu ina ya BiPAP imakhala yofanana ndi zida zomwe zimagulitsidwa ngati ma ventilator. Sizingathandize okosijeni, koma ndikuganiza kuti zovuta za okosijeni ndizosavuta kuthetsa (magesi wowotcherera, majenereta a okosijeni ndi zida zachipatala zapakhomo)
Gwiritsirani ntchito COTS…zapashelefu…chilichonse chomwe chitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito…kodi botolo la ana lokhalamo “losabala mokwanira” kuti lilumikize zigawo zomwe ziyenera kupangidwa ndi zinthu zosabala kapena zinthu zina zosakhala ndi poizoni? Kodi tingawonjezere mpope kwa iwo? Kodi chotsukira cheni cheni cha HEPA choyenera kuthandizidwa ndi mpweya pambuyo pa odwala?
Inde, mayankho "ayenera kutsimikiziridwa" awa ndi a myopic komanso osamveka. Siyani munthu wamng'ono kumbuyo kwa makatani okha.
Ndikuganiza ku Sudan kapena India, pamene mamiliyoni a anthu amaphedwa, ngakhale atagwira ntchito 70% ya nthawi (osagwira ntchito), amasangalala kugwiritsa ntchito, zomwe zikutanthauza imfa.
Ndizosangalatsa kugawana mapulojekiti osindikiza a 3d kuti aliyense athe kujowina…
Inde, zigawo zambiri zosafunikira zomwe zingathe kupangidwa mosavuta ndi filament iliyonse pa osindikiza ambiri zingakhale cholinga chabwino chokonzekera kukwaniritsa "kupanga kugawa" kotero kuti magawo akhoza kupangidwa ndi odzipereka kapena ma workshop ang'onoang'ono a 3D, Ndipo akhoza kusonkhanitsidwa pa. malo ochitira msonkhano. chosowa.
Kwa zaka zambiri, ndawona zoyesayesa zambiri zamapulojekiti oterowo, ndipo kusindikiza kwa 3d sizomwe mukufunikira. Zigawo zosafunikira zimatha kupangidwa ndi vacuum kupanga, kupanga zitsulo kapena pulasitiki, makina achikhalidwe komanso njira zopangira matabwa, zomwe zimathamanga, zotsika mtengo komanso zokhazikika. Ngati sichingosinthidwa kukhala magawo a COTS (stock). Kusindikiza kwa 3D filament sikuli koyenera pa ntchitoyi. Ndinkafufuza momwe ndingasinthire mawilo aku chipatala owonongeka ku Nepal ndipo ndinaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito mawilo osavuta opondapo. Zotsika mtengo, zosavuta, zopezeka, ndi zokonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yomweyo. Pambuyo pa sabata ndikumenyana ndi chosindikizira cha diy filament, ndikuyembekeza kuti anthuwa akuganiza-PRINT-mawilo a mabedi achipatala alephera, ndiyeno amayesa kuwasindikiza pamitengo, waya ndi zina zonse zothandizira kuti asasweke. Zonse zili chifukwa chakuti guwa lawo lansembe laperekedwa kwa mulungu mmodzi yekha, ndipo dzina lake ndi PRUSA. Anthu amafera zachabechabezi.
Ndidapanga mndandanda wotseguka wa Excel wokhala ndi zida zosindikizidwa za 3D zofunika pa corona. Ngati muli ndi chilichonse, chonde onjezerani pamndandanda.
Choyamba muyenera kulola chipatala kuti chiyike mababu a UV mu dongosolo la HVAC kuti muwonetsetse kuti mababu a UV safalikira ku mayunitsi/pansi. Masitepe ndi zikepe ziyeneranso kuzigwiritsa ntchito.
N95 mask_CAN_ itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito, bola ngati simugawana chigobacho (ndipo sichidzanyowa ndi malovu, sputum kapena chinyezi cha 100%).
Musagwiritse ntchito nthunzi chifukwa idzasokoneza fyuluta. Chimodzi mwazotsatira za N95 ndikuti fyulutayo imayendetsedwa ndi electrostatically ndipo imagwira ntchito zabwino kwambiri ikauma.
Nyali ya UV / sterilizer / autoclave ndiyosavuta, ndi babu wamba wamba wopanda phosphor mkati.
Jenereta ya ozoni imakhalanso yosavuta. The flyback transformer kuchokera ku chizindikiro cha mowa wa neon, materminal omwe amalumikizidwa ndi 2 aluminiyamu / zitsulo zowonetsera kapena waya wa nkhuku kumbali zonse za plexiglass / plexiglass, amatulutsa ozoni wochuluka kwambiri mumphindi ziwiri, mpweya m'chipindamo Umanunkhiza ngati. mvula yamkuntho ndipo imatha kutsokomola. (Sindiyenera kunena kuti zimapanga ma amps ambiri komanso momwe zimakhalira zoopsa). Mwachiwonekere, chipangizo cha makwerero cha Yakobo chimapanganso ozoni.
Inde, inde, tepi ya chifuwa chosadziletsa mosakayikira idzathandiza anthu omwe akudwala chifuwa cha chifuwa chosalamulirika: -D ikhoza kukhala yothandiza pa ntchito zomwe zimadziwika kuti ndizowonekera komanso zogwiritsidwa ntchito mokwanira popha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Nyali yotseketsa imapangidwa ndi quartz yodutsa UV-C, pomwe nyali yowunikira imapangidwa ndigalasi wamba, kotero phosphor si kusiyana kokhako. Koma nyali yamphamvu ya mercury vapor (yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nyali ya mumsewu) imatha kusinthidwa kukhala UV-C mwa kuswa babu lakunja (babu lamkati lomwe lili ndi ntchito yotulutsa ndi quartz).
Ili ndi lingaliro labwino. Wothirira ndemanga m'modzi adanenanso kuti chipangizo chomwe chafotokozedwacho sichiri chothandizira mpweya - kodi ndicholondola? Ngati ndi choncho, chonde sinthani positi kuti timvetsetse bwino zoyambira. Aliyense amene ali ndi chidziwitso chaukadaulo ayenera kukhala nawo, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri. Sizikudziwikabe kuti mliriwu udzakula mpaka kufika pati, ndipo ntchitoyi idakali patsogolo. (Mwa njira, zimandikumbutsa zochitika za Apollo 13, pomwe mainjiniya adapanga zosefera za carbon dioxide m'zigawo zina.)
Adzasekadi "Koma malamulo a zida zamankhwala!" positi. Lingaliro silikulowetsa izi m'malo mwa zida zamankhwala. Lingaliro ndikuwagwiritsa ntchito kwa milungu ingapo kenako ndikutaya mliri wa COVID-19 ukafika kumapeto kwina kwa belu ndipo mutha kuthana ndi maopaleshoni anthawi zonse achipatala (pogwiritsa ntchito zida zomwe zidalamuliridwa kale), kapena gulu lagwa. Kufunika kotsimikizira kwa chipangizocho ndikochepa. Pamene njira ina ndi "zida zosayendetsedwa" kapena imfa yomwe ingatheke, ndikukayikira kuti anthu ochepa angasankhe kufa.
Ponena za kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwakanthawi kochepa, vuto lalikulu ndi kuwonongeka kwa mpweya kudzera mumsewu wosambira m'madzi ofunda. Madziwo ayenera kukhala ovomerezeka osabala: gwiritsani ntchito njira yozungulira yotayika (madzi oyeretsedwa am'mataipi omwe ali m'dziko loyamba lamadzi atha kukhala ovomerezeka (madzi amachokera pampopi, amatenthedwa ndi chotenthetsera, kenako amadutsa mchipindamo ndi thovu. izo) ) Zadutsa ndi kutayidwa). Ngati madzi oyera sakuperekedwa mosalekeza, zinthu zikhoza kukhala zovuta. Njira yotseketsa mankhwala yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pozungulira madzi sidzafuna kuti mpweya utuluke mumlengalenga (kapena mpweya uliwonse wotuluka uyenera kukhala wosasangalatsa ukafika poipa, koma osati wovulaza). Imatha kugwira ntchito panthawi yowira kapena chithandizo cha UV champhamvu kwambiri ndi nthawi yokwanira yokhalamo. Mapangidwe a chipinda chodumphira ndi ovuta. Kukula kwake kuyenera kupewa kukokera madzi mumtsinje wa mpweya, koma osati wokulirapo kwambiri kuti filimuyi isasunthike pamalo ofunda ndi a chinyezi.
Kumbukirani, mankhwala amadzimadzi pa galoni iliyonse ya supuni ya bulichi, kapena madontho 6 a ayodini pa galoni, amafunikanso ola limodzi lokhalamo kuti likhale lothandiza.
Pankhani ya madzi osabala: m'malo mogwiritsa ntchito 0.9% wosabala saline solution (ngati sawononga makina anu). Izi ziyenera kupezekabe m'chipatala. Ndikamayesa mankhwala muzolemba zanga za udokotala, ndimazigwiritsa ntchito ngati galimoto yokokera akavalo (ndine dokotala wa ziweto). Osachepera ndi wosabala, ndipo popeza kuchuluka kwa ma electrolyte kuli kofanana ndi komwe kuli m'thupi, sikukwiyitsa kuposa (mochuluka kapena mochepera) madzi oyera.
Chinthu chimodzi chomwe nonse muyenera kudziwa: Tikukamba za odwala omwe ali ovuta kwambiri omwe mapapo awo ali kale ndi vuto lalikulu. Cholakwika chilichonse chaching'ono, mwachitsanzo - kuchuluka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda / tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapanga mumlengalenga (sefa?) -kuthamanga pang'ono kwa nthawi inayake kumakhala kokwera kwambiri (kodi kungasinthidwe ndendende?) kuchokera ku mphira kapena pulasitiki ) Zimayambitsa zotupa zina m'munsi mwa kupuma - kudzikundikira kwa CO2 (kusungunuka mu HCO3- ndi H +, kudzasintha pH m'mapapo ndi magazi!) Kungakhale kusiyana pakati pa moyo ndi imfa.
Ndemanga chabe. Sindikunena za malamulo, koma ndatulutsa mpweya wa akavalo oposa 2,000 pansi pa anesthesia wamba, ndipo poganizira momwe mapapo awo amagwirira ntchito, akavalo ndi ofunika kwambiri kuposa anthu. Musachepetse ngoziyo!
Chabwino, pali kale kuchepa kwa saline yachipatala (0.9%) m'dziko lonselo, komabe pali zambiri zabwino.
Hmm, khofi watsopano wakuda? Ndikuganiza kuti yatenthedwa kufika pa 50 digiri Celsius ndipo ili ndi mankhwala ena achilengedwe a antiviral, phenols, ndi caffeic acid. Koma inde, ngati muli ndi luso lopanga khofi wowonjezera, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha madzi ndikuwaza mchere mmenemo.
Ic. zonsezi. Ngati simuli dokotala, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino nthawi yanu ndi mphamvu zanu kuti muteteze anthu amderalo kuti aipitsidwe. Khalani ngwazi yanu lero kuti mupulumutse munthu yemwe sanafune mpweya wolowera kuyambira pachiyambi.
Moni, Dr. Leclerc, ndine katswiri wa zamankhwala ndipo ndikugwira ntchito zina za uinjiniya. Tsopano ndikuyang'ana mlangizi wazachipatala. Mukufuna?
Kodi pamafunika mphamvu yochuluka bwanji kuti mupume masekondi asanu aliwonse? Ndikokwanira kupatsa odwala malita 15 a okosijeni pamphindi.
Hydrojeni ndi yatsopano ngati mpweya wochizira matenda opuma. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ARDS ku Hubei, China. Zingakhale zabwino kugwiritsa ntchito ndi okosijeni wamba kuti muphatikize ndi mpweya wabwino ndikuwonjezera makonda ake. Hydrogen yawonetsedwa kuti imaletsa ma cytokines. Ichi ndi chikalata chokhudza haidrojeni ngati mpweya wamankhwala-https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2019.00696/full
Ndine injiniya wamagetsi komanso wozama kwambiri, ndikuyang'ana kwambiri zachitetezo. Malingaliro anga a PhD ndi okhudza mapangidwe a mapulogalamu a machitidwewa. Ngati ndikuganiza kuti ndizotheka, ndili wokonzeka kuthandizira ntchitoyi. Ndidziwitseni ngati ndingathandize.
Moni Thomas-ngati mukufunabe ndidziwitseni-pali malingaliro ena oti ndine dokotala wopumira, kupatula Bill.
Ndiye ndani angalipire ziphaso zoyenerera za FDA (kapena zolipiritsa zakomweko)? Mafakitole omwe akufuna kugulitsa ayenera kukhala ndi satifiketi. Ndizo zodula.
Ngati mukupanga chinthu chomwe sichidzagwiritsidwa ntchito ku United States, simukufunika FDA. Mwachitsanzo, ngakhale sichinavomerezedwe ndi FDA, Amwenye adzasangalala kusankha njirayi (koma mwachiwonekere imagwira ntchito). Tiyeni tiwone ngati aliyense ku United States adzafa chifukwa sakufuna kugwiritsa ntchito zida zomwe sizinavomerezedwe ndi FDA. Mwa njira, ndizosangalatsa kuwona malingaliro onsewa aku America akutuluka, ndipo zoyipa zamtunduwu zikusesa dziko lonse lapansi. Ndife munthu mmodzi, choncho tiyenera kuganiza ngati munthu mmodzi.
Nanga bwanji ngati mpweya wapangidwa ndi electrolysis yamadzi oyera (ie maelekitirodi a graphite oyendetsedwa ndi gwero lamphamvu) ndi kuwonjezeredwa ku mpweya wa wodwalayo? Inde, haidrojeni imapangidwanso - haidrojeni ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kubwezeretsanso mphamvu zina, kapena ikhoza kutulutsidwa kunja kwa nyumbayo ndi zida zosavuta.
Akatswiri azachipatala amatha kuyankha funsoli kuposa ine, koma bwenzi langa (yemwe akuphunzira kukhala dokotala) adandifotokozera izi. Pamene mpweya wabwino waperekedwa, thupi limakhala laulesi. Mutha kupeza okosijeni wokwanira, kuti musamapume mpweya wochuluka ngati nthawi zina. Chifukwa mumapuma pang'ono, tulutsani pang'ono. Izi zidzaunjikira mpweya woipa, womwe umawononga thanzi lanu.
Ndikhoza kunena kuti mpweya wanu uli pafupifupi wolondola, makamaka poizoni kwa ana obadwa kumene. Mukukamba za odwala omwe ali ndi COPD, matenda, okosijeni wochuluka adzasokoneza kupuma kwawo, koma odwala ambiri Palibe COPD, ndipo ngati akufunikira mpweya wambiri - ndithudi sayenera kuletsa mpweya, timamvetsetsa 100% ya COPD. odwala ngati
Zikomo. Monga RT, ndizabwino kuwona ena akuyenda ndi mawu omveka. Ndipo chifukwa zikuwoneka kuti palibe mgwirizano. Ndakhala ndikuyang'ana njira zopangira chosindikizira cha 3D kuti chizigwira ntchito bwino. Awa ndi masamba awiri okha omwe ali ndi mafayilo a STL otsitsa.
Chodalirika kwambiri chimafunikira silika wa antibacterial kuti asindikize masks. Ubwino wake ndi woti ndi wokhalitsa. Nawa masks omwe ndawapeza osangalatsa:
https://www.overstock.com/PUREMENT® antibacterial orange filament 1.75mm, PLA yomwe imatha kupha mabakiteriya (paketi imodzi)
Osatsimikiza ngati mungagwiritse ntchito chosindikizira kupanga masks, masks a M95 amapangidwa kuti alole mpweya kulowa, koma amatha kusiyanitsa ma virus, omwe ndi ang'onoang'ono kwambiri kuposa nsalu zambiri zoluka.
Malo amodzi omwe ndikufuna kuwona tsopano ndi chitetezo cha thupi chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu kanema "Andromeda". Pali zifukwa zambiri-makamaka kwa odwala-malinga odwala omwe ali m'chipindamo angagwiritse ntchito, n'zosavuta kulowa ndi kutuluka, zomwe zimapulumutsa nthawi ndi zina. Ndi yotetezeka ndipo ikhoza kutsukidwa ndi kugwiritsidwanso ntchito. Kulowa kapena kutuluka m'chipinda chodzipatula ndikokwera mtengo komanso kumatenga nthawi, ndipo ndizovuta kwambiri kwa ogwira ntchito otanganidwa, komanso pali zinthu zina zomwe zimafunikira chipinda chodzipatula kuti chizidzipatula.
Ngakhale kuti kachilombo kameneka sikukutsimikizira kuti munthu adzipatula, chonde ganizirani za kachilombo ka Ebola. -Nditumizireni imelo-bill2resist@gmail.com
Anthu omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chofunikira chachipatala ndi chidziwitso ndiye cholepheretsa kwambiri kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa mabedi a ICU. kuthetsa vutoli.
Tidzathandiza. Ndife gulu la opanga ochokera ku Southwest Colorado. The Powerhouse of MakerLab @杜兰戈 (Durango). Lero tidakambirana izi tisanawerenge nkhaniyi. Kodi pali malangizo otani okhudza ngati wina atsogolere ntchito yogwirizana ndi gulu? Zikuwoneka kuti kapangidwe kake kamayenera kukopera mwachangu komanso mosavuta. Ndinapezanso izi. https://panvent.blogspot.com/?m=1
Ndine injiniya wochokera ku Siemens Energy. Amakhala pa maloboti otsika mtengo, okwera kwambiri. Ndikufunanso kupereka ukatswiri wanga pankhani ya zomangamanga ndi zamagetsi kuti ndithandizire ntchitoyi. Makamaka zikafika pamapangidwe osindikiza a 3D (masks, nozzles, adapter, housings, etc.). M'malingaliro anga, osindikiza a 3D amapezeka mochuluka pafupifupi kulikonse ndipo ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamapulogalamu otere ngati kuli kotheka. Tikufuna wina kuti atsogolere ntchitoyi ndipo akhoza kufotokozera phukusi loyamba la ntchito ndi gulu loyenera kuti liyambe. Tidzafunikanso anthu odzipereka ochokera m'madera osiyanasiyana, monga zachipatala, chisamaliro chachikulu, mapangidwe a 3D, makina amadzimadzi, zamagetsi, zogula zinthu, zofalitsa, ndi zina zotero. Sakufuna kufotokoza maganizo awo, koma akufuna kuti ntchitoyi ichitike!
Moni Stefan, ndiloleni ndilankhule za mpweya kwa kanthawi. Ndine dokotala wopumula komanso dokotala wankhondo komanso wankhondo wapamadzi, motero ndidazolowera kugwira ntchito m'munda. Koma ine sindine injiniya. Ndili ndi pulani ndipo nditha kulandira thandizo kuchokera ku Hope Foundation Lolemba. Ngati ndingathe, ndikhoza kugwiritsa ntchito dzanja limodzi.
Nditha kuthandizira kuyambitsa ntchito popereka lingaliro kuti tisamangoyang'ana ma mpweya okha, komanso zida zoyendetsera mpweyawo. Mpweya wambiri umafuna 50 PSI ya mpweya ndi mpweya, ndipo zonsezi zimafuna 120V. Itha kupezeka paliponse. Chifukwa chake, kuphatikiza paokha kumathandizira, m'malo mowononga zinthu. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kudalirika. Choncho khalani ophweka. Malingaliro anga ndikupanga makina ofanana ndi MA1, pali makina ena apo-mbalame ndi aliyense, koma wothandizira aliyense amadziwa MA1 ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito. Timawatcha ziphaso zoteteza zipolopolo.
Zimaphatikizapo mvuto wowongolera voliyumu (yofunikira kuti muwongolere bwino), injini yowongolera kuti muyike voliyumu, ndi chipangizo chosakanikirana ndi mpweya kuti muwongolere mpweya. Zingafunikire kuwongolera njira za PEEP. Kuthamanga kotsalira mu dongosolo pakati pa kupuma. Ngati mupyola malire omwe adayikidwa, mudzafunika kulengeza kuti kupanikizika kuli kwakukulu-musawombe mapapu anu, ngati titha kuwonjezera njira yopumira modzidzimutsa. Ngati kuli kofunikira, zidzafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane.
Pali zosankha zambiri za mabwalo ndi ma valve otulutsa mpweya. Zonse zilipo pamsika, koma tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito dera losavuta ndi gawo la valve yotulutsa mpweya ndi valve yotulutsa mpweya. Izi ndi momwe zikuwonekera tsopano komanso momwe dera limapangidwira. Pali malingaliro angapo osiyanasiyana a mavavu otulutsa mpweya-amagwiritsa ntchito mavavu otulutsa mpweya ambiri omwe amatsegula ndi kutseka mpweya wonse kuti atuluke, koma Servo amagwiritsa ntchito chubu chosinthika, chomwe chimangiriridwa ndi mkono wachitsulo, ndipo chimakhala ndi kapangidwe kokongola.
Kuphatikiza pakupanga mafakitale kapena mafakitale omwe amatha kupangidwa kunyumba, bwanji ngati titapereka mayankho opangira malo onse opanga ndikuyitanitsa gulu la opanga kuti achotse zinthu izi. Kodi aliyense amachoka kuntchito?
Bwanji osangopanga mapangidwe otengera ma patent omwe anatha ntchito? Ndikuganiza kuti makina opangira mpweya analipo zaka zambiri m'mbuyomu kuposa chaka cha 2003. Chofunikira pavutoli sikupanga ma ventilator omwe ali ndi mapangidwe aposachedwa, koma kuti atulutse mwachangu zida zothandizira odwala. Sindikudziwa kuti ndi ma blockers angati omwe FDA angavomereze. Mwina ndi choncho, tidangosiya mazana, masauzande kapena mamiliyoni amiyoyo m'dzina la kutsata. Kapenanso, pakhoza kukhala gulu loyenera la kukhululukidwa lomwe lingathe kuphimba opereka pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo. Sindikudziwa yankho lake, koma ndagwirizana ndi anthu ena amene amalimbikitsa kuti pakufunika kutero mwachangu.
Bubble CPAP (yopangidwa ndi mnzanga Jenny Wung, MD ku Columbia Baby Hospital) https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/fisher-and-paykel-bubble-cpap-18470469633.html
Ngati itagwa kotheratu, chiŵerengero cha imfa chikhoza kukhala chokulirapo. Ndipanga mayeso a "Apollo 13" athunthu pa izi kuti ndipewe kuimbidwa mlandu. Ndipotu, ngati akufuna kupanga zikwi za "akaidi achikumbumtima" atapulumutsa miyoyo, ndiye kuti akhoza kuyembekezera chipwirikiti chachikulu kwambiri m'mbiri. Ngati zochita zanga zingapulumutse anthu ambiri, ndikanakhala wokonzeka komanso wonyadira kutumikira nthawi, nanga bwanji inu?
Moni, lingaliro chabe, koma BMP085 kapena masensa ofanana angagwiritsidwe ntchito? Ndidagwiritsa ntchito Polymorph kupanga BMP085 kusinthira singano pakuyesa koyambirira, ndipo zidayenda bwino kwambiri! Komanso heavy. Hydrogen ndi pyrolytic graphite zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndidaganiza za lingaliro logwiritsa ntchito mafani othamanga kwambiri a DC omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poziziritsa pa PC, koma atha kutenga nawo gawo pa pulogalamuyi. Ndizothekanso kutseka mafani angapo ang'onoang'ono pamodzi pogwiritsa ntchito chowongolera chomwe chilipo, ngakhale muyenera kusamala zaukhondo monga ena anenera.
Yankhani. Mfundo zachipatala. Ngati mapangidwe anu ali omveka, palibe amene angatsutse khalidwe lanu. Zili kwa dokotala payekha kusankha kugwiritsa ntchito chinthu chomwe chingathandize m'malo mochita chilichonse. Ndikuyembekeza kuti anthu ambiri adzavota ndi chikumbumtima chawo ndikukonza zikalata zawo pambuyo pake.
Choncho, ngati valavu ya PEEP (Positive End Pressure) yokhala ndi mapapu achitsulo sichigwira ntchito bwino, amakhulupirira kuti kupanikizika kwa PEEP ndi mabowo otulutsa mpweya kumathandiza kukakamiza madzi kutuluka mu alveoli ndi kulowa m'magazi. Komabe, wodwalayo akakhala wotopa chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mapapo achitsulo, amatha kukhala o2 kukhala ndi mpweya waku mafakitale ndikuthandizira kupuma. Ndikuwerenga nkhani ya Wikipedia. Pali zisindikizo zadongo pamutu ndi pakhosi (mwinamwake ziwalo za bokosi). Wow, iyi ndi nthawi yamwala DIY. Ingoonetsetsani kuti dongo lonyowa silikoka kutentha kwa thupi. Ndikokwanira kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo kupindika mphuno ya wodwalayo kapena kungoyika tenti ya okosijeni pamwamba pamutu. Mumangofunika kupanga ppO2 mumlengalenga mokwanira kuti mukhale ndi mawonekedwe abwino a O2 ndikusinthana mpweya wokwanira kuti mupewe CO2 acidosis. Ndikupangabe dziko lomwe mutha kuwongolera mwamphamvu trachea ya munthu aliyense wosazindikira. Ngati tifunika kuzilamulira, zidzawapumitsa (musadandaule za RSI tidzaperekanso chinachake kuti tikonze, Idzalepheretsa kukumbukira) BTW muutumiki wanga, timachita BVM yonse, ngati helikopita siili. kupezeka, nthawi zina kumadumpha m'chipululu kwa maola angapo, koma mayendedwe osowa amafunikira malo athu enieni ndi anamwino kapena RT. Ndikudziwa kuti chitsulo m'mapapo wasowa, ndi airway anaika opaleshoni ndi kusintha moyo ndi kuyenda, osati kukhala ndi moyo, osachepera kugona mu chubu. Mwachiwonekere, imatha kuperekanso pafupifupi 100% kuwongolera kwamayendedwe apamsewu komanso mwayi wofikira wodwala nthawi zonse.
Ndikuganiza kuti mwina tinayiwala zonsezi. Osachepera ndikuganiza kuti ndi za. Ikani patsogolo malingaliro ena kuti muchepetse kusowa kwa makina olowera mpweya m'zipatala zamakono. Dr. Mbalame sankaopa malamulo panthawiyo, koma ankaona kuti pakufunika kutero ndipo anagwira ntchito mwakhama kuti athetse kusiyana kumeneku. (1) Popeza ndagwira ntchito m’chipatala kwa zaka zambiri, zimenezi n’zambiri kuposa zimene ndimakumbukira. Tiyenera kulimbikira mogwirizana ndi mmene zinthu zilili pa moyo wathu. Timagwiritsa ntchito PR2 (2) ngati ma ventilator. Ndi makina ochizira, koma popanda MA1, apereka mpweya wabwino munthawi yovuta. (3) Chida choyang'ana kwambiri chomwe ndatchula pamwambapa chimapangidwa pomiza payipi yotulutsa mpweya m'madzi. Chidebe chodzaza madzi. Kuzama kwa payipi m'madzi kumayang'anira kuthamanga.
Ndidapanga ma helikoputala ena oyamba kunyamula ma helikopita koyambirira kwa 70s mpaka pakati pa 70s. Monga ndikudziwira, mpweya uwu ndi woyesera. Ndaphunzirapo ayironi m’mapapo (4) ndi choteteza pachifuwa (5). Ndikuganizanso kuti oyambitsawa sada nkhawa ndi malamulo omwe ali kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko.
Ndiye izi ndi zomwe tiyenera kuchita… Lekani kuganiza zopha odwala ndi malingaliro athu, koma kupulumutsa miyoyo yawo pa mliri. Tiyeni tisunge malingaliro athu. Ngati pali chinthu chodabwitsa, ndiye mwa njira iyi yokha, tiyenera kudandaula za malamulo ndi nkhani zina.
(1) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forrest_Bird (2) https://www.hksccm.org/index.php/43-relax/medical-things-of-the-past/1086-still -remember-this-old-ventilator (3) https://museum.aarc.org/gallery/early-icu-ventilators/ (4) https://amhistory.si.edu/polio/howpolio/ironlung.htm ( 5) https://www.hayekmedical.com/clinicians
Pongowonjezera chidziwitso chodalirikachi, titha kuyembekeza kuti gulu lathu lamalingaliro litha kuchepetsa mavuto omwe akubwera.
Chodzikanira: Ndine mainjiniya a netiweki komanso ma robotiki ndipo sindikudziwa zambiri za ma ventilator kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo. Koma ndikudziwa zomwe masensa, ma actuators, makina owongolera, ndi opanga aluso angachite.
Chifukwa chake, ngati tikufuna kufotokozera zavutoli, monga kupereka ma 250,000 ma makina olowera mpweya kuti awonjezere zipatala pafupifupi 160,000 zomwe zilipo pano zaku US, titha kulingalira izi:
1) Konzani zida zonse zakale mchipinda chosungiramo chipatala 2) Menyani kuchipatala chifukwa ndikukhulupirira kuti veterinary KAPENA makina atha kusinthidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ndi anthu 3) Sinthani pulogalamuyo pamakina a CPAP kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito kagawo kakang'ono ka odwala 4 ) Lowetsani pulojekiti yotseguka ku 3D kusindikiza ndondomeko yosinthidwa ya 1965 Harry Diamond Laboratory "Army Emergency Breathing Apparatus". Ndi chidutswa cha pulasitiki, chomwe mwachiwonekere chimakhala ndi njira yamadzimadzi ya bistable yoyendetsedwa ndi gasi wopanikizidwa kulowamo. Imasinthasintha pakati pa njira zopumira ndi mpweya. https://agentgallery.com/objects/rare-1965-prototype-harry-diamond-labs-respirator Chinthu chozizira kwambiri pamapangidwe awa ndi kuphweka kwake (palibe zigawo zosuntha) ndipo zingakhale zosavuta kusindikiza kwa 3D 5) Zosinthika bwino mpweya uli ndi ma valve awiri ndi mavuvu. https://www.instructables.com/id/The-Pandemic-Ventilator/ Ndikuganiza kuti ikhoza kupangidwa mochuluka pogwiritsa ntchito ma valve owongolera ulimi wothirira (kuchokera ku Home Depot) ndi masensa amphamvu osiyanasiyana (kuchokera ku Napa auto parts)6. Bellows pusher yokhala ndi ma wiper motor. Zikumveka ngati zachikale, koma ngati mugwiritsa ntchito kachipangizo koyenera komanso kachitidwe kowongolera, kangagwire bwino ntchito 7) (ngati njira zina zonse zikulephera, ndipo ngati tikufunikabe odwala 250,000): Weld the 3RPM geared motor to 10′ Makamera ambiri amayikidwa pa chitoliro chachitali. Mutha kusankha kuchuluka kwa ma cam lobes kuti mufanane ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe waperekedwa pamphindi imodzi ndi kutalika kwa lobe ya cam kuti mumve zambiri. Cam imayendetsa mvuto motsatizana, ndipo mavuvuwo amayendetsa mulu wa machubu, omwe amaperekedwa kwa odwala ambiri m'chipinda chachikulu. Zoyipa kwambiri, koma zimatha kukula
Izi ndi zosavuta kupanga. Imagwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwa Masks a Bag-Valve-Masks [https://www.allmri.com/images/product_images/original_images/bild.jpg] ndikuyiyika pamodzi ndi mota/spindle Pansi pa lamba wolumikizidwa. Kuti mutsegule chivundikiro cha valavu ya airbag, galimoto yamagetsi imathamanga, kupukuta tsinde lalikulu, ndikumangitsa lamba kuzungulira chikwama cha airbag. Patent ili ndi zithunzi;
Moni, ndimakonda chidwi ichi. Koma kumbukirani kuti wina akuyembekeza kuti izi zigwira ntchito, kukonzanso makina akale-ambiri a iwo amapita ku Mexico kapena dziko lachitatu ndipo akugwiritsidwabe ntchito, akutenga udindo wosunga zolowera zakale ku United States. Ngati mukufuna kuyesa mawonekedwe atsopano olowera kutengera Purritan Bennet MA1, ndizosavuta komanso zodalirika-kodi muli ndi zoyambira ndipo zitha kukhala zokwanira kuwonetsa momwe zimagwirira ntchito, koma kumbukirani kuti amafunikira dera kuti agwire ntchito- Pali valavu pa dera la MA1, kotero pakhoza kukhala msonkhano wa valve pamtunda, kotero ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Chotenthetsera ndi chonyowa ndi chabwino, koma tikugwiritsa ntchito HME tsopano-kuti musatuluke thukuta.
Kugwiritsa ntchito polowera kumodzi kwa odwala angapo-kumveka bwino, koma sichosankha - zinthu zambiri zitha kusokonekera. Wodwala wina adagwa ndikutulutsa chothandizira mpweya.
Ukadaulo wanu uli pamagetsi owongolera ogwirira ntchito, omwe amatchedwa ma valve ofunikira ndi masensa opanikizika, zomwe ndizomwe ma venti onse akugwiritsa ntchito pano. Komabe, ngati mukufunabe kupanga malo otsegulira, chonde tsatirani zoyambira, ndipo titha kuzisintha pambuyo pake ndi zowonjezera. Nthawi zambiri pamafunika kupereka voliyumu yokhazikitsidwa ku cc kapena L mumtundu wa 500 kapena 700 cc pamlingo wokhazikika (nthawi zambiri 8-10 bbm) nthawi zambiri pamphindi. Kuchuluka kwa mpweya (FiO2) ndi pafupifupi 40%. Mwinamwake kuyang'ana kuyenera kuchulukitsidwa ndi -5 masentimita, ndipo kutuluka koyambira ndi 10 L: / M kungakhale kwabwino.
Ndine wokondwa kuthandiza, koma ndine injiniya yemwe sakhulupirira kukonzanso mawilo. Choncho, ndikufunika kudziwa zomwe zitsanzo zabwino zomwe zilipo zikuchita komanso zomwe tikuyesera kutsanzira. Momwemo, ndikufuna tsatanetsatane wa makina omwe alipo. Izi zikutanthauza chilichonse, kuyambira kukula kwa chubu mpaka zowongolera. Ndili wotsimikiza kuti ambiri aife titha kugwetsa "mafani olowera mpweya" mawa, koma mwina ndiwowopsa kuposa kachilombo kalikonse. Chifukwa chake, chomwe timafunikira ndi chidziwitso chonse cha makina ofunikira? Mpweya wochuluka bwanji, kangati. Kodi kutenthetsa/kuzizira kumafunika? Kodi ikufunika kuwonjezera zolowetsa zina (mankhwala? Chinyontho?) ndi zina zotero pamayendedwe a mpweya. Ngati mtundu wathunthu wamapangidwe waperekedwa ndipo palibe zida zaukadaulo zomwe zimafunikira, zinditengerabe miyezi ingapo (kupitilira miyezi 6) kuti ndipange chilichonse. Mayunitsi ovomerezeka, osatengera kuchuluka komwe kungafunike. Mwina padzakhala zinthu zotere, tidzafunika mtundu waposachedwa kwambiri komanso wosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito woyambira? Komabe, timafunikirabe mfundo zina zokhuza ntchito ya unit iyi. Apanso, ndingakhale wokondwa kukuthandizani, koma ndikufunika kudziwa zomwe ndikufuna kuchita.
Izi ndizomwe zikufunika tsopano. Monga ndangolemba kumene, ndikuganiza kuti ndikosavuta kuthana ndi malire a ma ventilator omwe alipo okhala ndi nebulization kuposa kupanga mapangidwe atsopano. Koma choyamba, tifunika chitsogozo cha akatswiri pazomwe ziyenera kubedwa komanso zokhudzana nazo.
Hi Vinny-ndili nawe. Ndakhala ndikutsatira blog blog kwa tsiku limodzi ndipo ndizodziwikiratu kuti anthu ambiri pano sadziwa kupanga fani (kapena china chilichonse) akangomva za kusindikiza kwa 3D. Ndikufuna kudziwa angati "akale" kapena osweka mpweya mpweya alipo? Kodi zida zachipatala zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito kale zilipo? Zigawo ndi consumables? Winawake ayenera kukhala ndi buku lothandizira kapena buku lautumiki la makinawa m'malo ena. Kapena, ngati muli ndi mwayi, perekani zigawo zonse zojambula ndi mapepala opangira. . Ndikhoza kuba ngakhale kope ngati kuli kofunikira. Ndili ndi malo ochitirako ntchito zamakina ku Dotona Beach (Dotona Beach) komanso wopanga zida zamankhwala am'deralo (okhala ndi chipinda choyera ndi ziphaso), komwe ndakhala ndikukhala. Mutha kulumikizana nane pa BuyRaceDayProducts@gmail.com.
1) Madokotala ambiri samamvetsetsa zaukadaulo. Amagwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje onse mwanzeru, koma ndikunena za kuphwanya zinthu ndikudziwa momwe zimagwirira ntchito. 2) Ngati athandizira pa izi, akhoza kudandaula za udindo, kuimbidwa mlandu wofalitsa mantha ndi kutsutsidwa ndi matupi awo ogwira ntchito. 3) Ichi chingakhale chifukwa chomwe m'magulu onsewa simumawona madotolo amphamvu akupanga zofunikira zochepa pamapangidwe a mpweya wabwino.
Pali njira zoyambira zonyamulira odwala komanso zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi asitikali pamavuto mothandizidwa ndi mpweya woponderezedwa, pogwiritsa ntchito malingaliro a pneumatic kuzungulira pakati pa magawo opuma ndi mpweya komanso kugwiritsa ntchito venturis kunyamula mpweya. Pankhani ya chitetezo ndi ma alamu olakwika, ena samakwaniritsa zofunikira zonse zapano. Mwachitsanzo, PneuPac, zoyamba za Draeger Oxylog ndi Bird Mk7. Ngati simukutsutsa kwambiri zowongolera zotere, atha kugwiritsa ntchito Priority A, yomwe ndikutulutsa mpweya wabwino kwa odwala. Sindikudziwa za izi, koma kodi a T adalengeza kale kuti ngati pali zowongolera kapena zamalamulo zimalepheretsa kampani iliyonse kupitiliza kupanga zinthu zamavutowa, chonde musadandaule ndikuchitapo kanthu? Ganizirani kugwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe omwe alipo kale.
Kampani yaku Britain ikuwoneka kuti idapanga ma ventilator ena, mwina kuti awone ngati adzagawidwa, pomwe ufulu wopanga umaperekedwa kumakina osiyanasiyana / eni osindikiza a 3D https://breas.com/products/
Ndidaganiza kuti ndiyang'ane blog iyi potengera makanema a YouTube kuti ndiwone komwe ili. N’zosavuta kuona zinthu zimene anthu ambiri samazidziwa. Ndine wamakaniko ndipo ndili ndi kampani yopanga zinthu. Ndakhala ndikufufuza za AC mode positive pressure fan system kwa masiku angapo, ndipo kuyankha pano kuli ngati kuyang'ana nyani kuyesa momwe angachotsere pamtengo Monga apulo.
Justin, inde, pali zolemba zambiri zopanda ntchito pano. Zikuwoneka kuti chivundikiro cha valve yachikwama chikhoza kukhala chiyambi choyambira cha DIY mpweya wabwino. Iyi ndi pulojekiti ya ophunzira ku MIT kuyambira 2010. https://e-vent.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/ DMD- 2010-MIT-E-Vent.pdf
Moni Justin, chonde onani tsamba ili. Angolandila ziphaso ku chipatala chaku Spain. Ndi gwero lotseguka ndipo ili ndi mapangidwe a 2, imodzi ya opanga ndi ina yopangira zambiri.
Ngati muli ndi china chake chotsimikizira kuti chipangizocho chatsimikiziridwa, ndiye kuti Id ndi chidwi kwambiri kuchiwona.
Moni Gary, ndinakuuzani masiku angapo apitawo kuti chitsanzochi chavomerezedwa mwalamulo ndi chipatala cha ku Spain. Kuti mudziwe zambiri zamtunduwu, chonde pitani: https://www.oxygen.protofy.xyz/home
Moni, nditha kuyankha mafunso anu ambiri. Ndine wothandizira kupuma ndipo ndikukonzekera ndekha chothandizira mpweya. Malingana ndi chitsanzo chamakono, mzere woyamba wa mpweya umafuna 50 PSI ya mpweya kuti ugwire ntchito-iwo amayendetsedwa ndi pneumatically ndipo pali mitundu ya 2, kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena kufalikira kwa voliyumu. Mpweya wambiri womwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zipatala ndi volumetric. Voliyumu yokhazikika ndikuperekedwa kangapo pamphindi. Zomwe tiyenera kunena ndikuti zida zambiri ndi zida zotsogola-osati zolimba kwambiri-Ndaphunzira pamakina amenewo kuti makina oyambira kwambiri ndi MA1, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi malo, kotero kuwonjezera pa kupuma, amathanso kupuma. , yotchedwa SIMV. Wina wosagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri amatchedwa auxiliary control. Choncho, zomwe mukusowa ndi makina omwe angapereke mphamvu yokhazikika kapena voliyumu, kulola kuti wodwalayo apume yekha, apereke mphamvu yoyambira (yotchedwa PEEP), ndikupereka mpweya wosakanikirana.
Dongosolo lachikale linali ngati pulamba, yokhala ndi mapaipi ndi mapaipi paliponse. Mwana wa mbalame ndi chitsanzo chabwino, koma tsopano chipangizocho chili ndi makompyuta komanso chokonzedwa bwino. Yang'anani mpweya wamtengo wapatali wa $30,000 pamene zosefera zimalowa m'malo olowera. Amafunikira mphamvu 120 ndi mpweya wa mpweya. Choncho, pamenepa, musamangoyang'ana makinawo, musayang'ane zipangizo zomwe zimafunikira kuti mugwiritse ntchito makinawo komanso mphamvu zogwirira ntchito.
Chomwe chikufunika mwachangu ndi "mawonekedwe a magwiridwe antchito" omwe Dipatimenti ya Chitetezo ingapereke, yomwe imalongosola zomwe zida ziyenera kuchitidwa, osati momwe zida ziyenera kugwirira ntchito. Izi nthawi zambiri zimalongosola momwe wogwiritsa ntchito amagwiritsira ntchito chipangizocho ndi kulolerana kulikonse kuchokera ku mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe. Pali mafunso okhudza aliyense wokhudzidwa (dokotala, wodwala, katswiri wa zamankhwala) ndi chidziwitso chotani chomwe gawo lirilonse liri nalo poyendetsa zofunikira za zipangizo. Dokotala amapereka magawo muyezo kwa akatswiri ovomerezeka azachipatala, omwe amakonza makinawo. Tekinoloje yachipatala iyi ilibe ufulu woyika patsogolo ntchito za mpweya wabwino. Madokotala sadziwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito mpweya wabwino, komanso samamvetsetsa momwe HMI ya mpweya wabwino imapangidwira. Pomaliza, zipatala zambiri zodalirika sizikhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira zothana ndi zinthu zowonongeka zomwe zimakhala zofala pamavuto otere. Nthawi zina, simusamala za certification, koma mumangofuna kuti mukhale ndi moyo. A FDA ananena mosapita m'mbali kuti: "Owongolera osavomerezeka nthawi zambiri amakhala oyipa kuposa opanda mpweya wabwino." Amangoganizira za udindo.
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=868https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2012-title21-vol8/pdf/ CFR-2012-title21-vol8-sec868-2875.pdf
Makina osindikizira a 3D amatha kugwira bwino ntchito zina, monga kukopera zida zapulasitiki ndi zinthu zomwezo ndikuzichotsa. Koma si zokhazo, ndipo liwiro la kusindikiza kwa 3D ndilochedwa kwambiri. Osindikiza ena a 3D amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zimapanga nthunzi wapoizoni. Odwala chibayo amaletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito nkhaniyi. Chigawocho chikagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chothandizira mpweya, sichiyenera kutulutsa nthunzi wotere.
Pakalipano, tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chilichonse chomwe tili nacho, chitoliro chamkuwa, mwina pvc. Ngati palibe china. Ndizothandiza kwambiri kuti mugwirizane ndi valavu yomwe ilipo kusiyana ndi kupanga chitsanzo chanu ndikutenga nthawi yaitali kuti musindikize 3D.
Gudumu linapangidwa zaka zoposa zana zapitazo. Zochepa zaukadaulo, zosavuta kupanga ndikugwiritsa ntchito. Ndi mapapu achitsulo.
Pogwiritsa ntchito tsamba lathu ndi ntchito zathu, mumavomereza mwatsatanetsatane kuyika kwathu kwa magwiridwe antchito, magwiridwe antchito ndi ma cookie otsatsa. Dziwani zambiri