Izinzuzo kanye nokubi ama-valve ahlukene Ama-valve amakhulu amakhulu kungani kunzima ukuwashintsha? Indlela yokuyixazulula?
Ukuhlukaniswa ngokusetshenziswa nokusebenza
I-valve yokunquma isetshenziswa kakhulu ukunqamula noma ukuxhuma ukugeleza okuphakathi. Kubandakanya i-valve yesango, i-globe valve, i-diaphragm valve, i-valve yebhola, i-plug valve, i-disc valve, i-plunger valve, i-valve yepulaki yebhola, i-valve yensimbi yohlobo lwenaliti, njll.
I-valve yokulawula isetshenziselwa ngokuyinhloko ukulungisa ukugeleza kwe-medium, ingcindezi, njll. Kubandakanya i-valve elawulayo, i-throttle valve, i-valve yokunciphisa njalonjalo.
Ama-valve okuhlola asetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukubuya kwemidiya. Ama-valve okuhlola okwakhiwa okuhlukahlukene afakiwe.
Ama-valve e-Diverter asetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa, ukusabalalisa noma ukuxuba imidiya. Kubandakanya ukwakheka okuhlukahlukene kwe-valve yokusabalalisa kanye nesicupho, njll.
I-valve yokuphepha yokucindezela okuphakathi nendawo lapho isivikelo sokuphepha. Zonke izinhlobo zama-valve okuphepha zifakiwe.
Ihlukaniswa ngamapharamitha ayinhloko
(a) ngokuya ngezigaba zengcindezi
I-vacuum valve yokusebenza ingcindezi ngaphansi kwe-valve ye-atmospheric pressure evamile.
I-valve yokucindezela okuphansi ene-pressure ye-PN ngaphansi kuka-1.6MPa.
I-valve yengcindezi emaphakathi i-valve yokubiza i-PN2.5 ~ 6.4MPa valve.
I-valve ephezulu yokucindezela okubizwa ngokuthi i-PN10.0 ~ 80.0MPa valve.
I-valve yokucindezela okuphezulu okuphezulu okuzisholo ukuthi i-PN inkulu kune-valve engu-100MPa.
(2) ngokusho kwesigaba sokushisa esiphakathi
Ama-valve okushisa aphezulu aphezulu kuno-450C.
I-valve yokushisa ephakathi engu-120C ngaphansi kwe-valve ye-T 450C.
I-valve yokushisa evamile -40C
I-valve yezinga lokushisa T engaphansi kuka -100C valve.
(3) ngokuya ngesigaba sezinto ezibonakalayo ze-valve
I-valve yezinto ezingezona ezensimbi: njenge-valve ye-ceramic, i-valve ye-FRP, i-valve yepulasitiki.
I-valve yensimbi yensimbi: njenge-valve ye-copper alloy, i-aluminium alloy valve, i-lead alloy valve, i-titanium alloy valve, i-valve ye-Monel alloy
I-valve yensimbi ye-Cast, i-carbon steel valve, i-valve yensimbi eyinsimbi, i-valve yensimbi ye-alloy ephansi, i-valve yensimbi ephezulu ye-alloy.
I-valve enomugqa womzimba wensimbi: njenge-valve yokuhola efakwe ulayini, i-valve yepulasitiki enomugqa, ivalve yoqweqwe lwawo koqweqwe lwawo.
Uhlelo olujwayelekile lokuhlukanisa
Le ndlela yokuhlukanisa ayihambisani nesimiso kuphela, umsebenzi kanye nesakhiwo, iyindlela evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yokuhlukanisa ekhaya naphesheya. Ngokuvamile, kukhona ama-valve esango, ama-globe valves, ama-throttle valves, ama-instrument valve, ama-plunger valves, ama-diaphragm valve, ama-plug valves, ama-valve ebhola, ama-butterfly valve, ama-valve okuhlola, ama-valve okunciphisa ukucindezela, ama-valve okuphepha, izicupho, ama-valve alawulayo, ama-valve aphansi, izihlungi. , ama-valve okushaya phansi, njll.
Kungani kunzima ukushintsha ama-valve amakhulu? Indlela yokuyixazulula?
Ukuhlaziywa kwezizathu zobunzima ekuvuleni nasekuvaleni ama-diameter amakhulu
Isilinganiso samandla okukhipha umkhawulo ovundlile womuntu omdala singama-60-90kg, kuya ngomzimba ohlukile.
Ukuqondisa okujwayelekile kokugeleza kwevalvu yembulunga yakhelwe ukuba ibe phansi futhi ibe phezulu. Lapho i-valve ivaliwe, umzimba womuntu uphusha isondo lesandla libheke phezulu ukuze lijikelezise, ukuze idiski ye-valve iye phansi futhi ivaleke. Ngalesi sikhathi, inhlanganisela yezici ezintathu zamandla idinga ukunqotshwa, okuyilezi:
1) axial jacking force Fa;
2) Amandla okungqubuzana phakathi kokupakisha ne-valve stem Fb;
3) Isiqu sithinta umgogodla wediski nge-friction force Fc
Itorque isiyonke ingu-M=(Fa+Fb+Fc)R
Kuyabonakala ukuthi i-caliber inkulu, i-axial jacking force inkulu. Uma iseduze nesimo esivaliwe, amandla e-axial jacking acishe asondele ekucindezelweni kwangempela kwenethiwekhi yepayipi (ngoba i-P1-P2P1, i-P2 = 0 uma ivaliwe).
Isibonelo, ivalvu yeglobu ye-DN200 isetshenziswa epayipini lesitimu eliyi-10bar, futhi igama layo * livala i-axial thrust Fa= 10R2 =3140kg. Amandla avundlile ayisiyingi adingekayo ukuze kuvalwe aseduze nomkhawulo wamandla ayisiyingi avundlile umzimba womuntu ojwayelekile ongawakhipha. Ngakho-ke, kunzima kakhulu kumuntu ukuvala ngokuphelele i-valve ngaphansi kwalesi simo sokusebenza.
Yiqiniso, ezinye izimboni ziphakamisa ukufaka lolu hlobo lwe-valve ngokuphambene, okuxazulula inkinga yobunzima bokuvala, kodwa kunenkinga yobunzima bokuvula ngemva kokuvala.
Ukuhlaziywa kwembangela yobubanzi obukhulu be-valve yembulunga ejwayele ukuvuza kwangaphakathi
I-valve yokumisa i-caliber enkulu ngokuvamile isetshenziswa endaweni yokukhipha ibhayela, isilinda esiyinhloko, umqondisi we-steam nezinye izikhundla, lezi zikhundla zinezinkinga ezilandelayo:
1) Umehluko wengcindezi endaweni yokuphuma kubhayela ngokuvamile mkhulu, ngakho izinga lokugeleza kwesitimu nalo likhulu, futhi umphumela wokuguguleka nokucekela phansi endaweni yokuvala nayo inkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza kahle komlilo we-boiler angeke kube ngu-100%, okuzokwenza ukuthi okuqukethwe kwamanzi okuphuma ku-boiler kukhulu, kulula ukukhiqiza i-cavitation kanye nokulimala kwe-cavitation endaweni yokuvala i-valve.
2) Ekuphumeni kwe-boiler kanye ne-valve yokuvala eduze kwesilinda, ngenxa yokuthi umusi uphuma kubhayela, kukhona okwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile zokushisa ngokweqile, ngesikhathi sokugcwala, uma ukwelashwa kokuthambisa amanzi kubhayela kungekuhle kakhulu, kuvame ukumunca ingxenye ye-asidi nezinto ze-alkali, endaweni evalekayo kuzodala ukugqwala nokuguguleka; Ezinye izinto ezicwebezelayo zingase futhi zinamathiselwe ku-crystallization evala uphawu, okuholela ekutheni i-valve ingakwazi ukuvalwa ngokuqinile.
I-3) I-valve yokungena kanye ne-outlet ye-sub-cylinder, ngoba ukusetshenziswa kwe-steam ngemva kwe-valve kubangelwa izidingo zokukhiqiza nezinye izizathu, ukusetshenziswa kwe-steam kukhulu futhi kuncane, uma kwenzeka ushintsho olukhulu kuzinga lokugeleza, kuba kulula ukukhiqiza i-flash, i-cavitation nezinye izenzakalo, ngaleyo ndlela kubangele ukuguguleka, i-cavitation kanye nomunye umonakalo endaweni yokuvala i-valve.
4) Ngokujwayelekile, lapho kuvulwa amapayipi amakhulu obubanzi bepayipi, kuyadingeka ukuthi kushiswe ngaphambili ipayipi, futhi inqubo yokushisa kuqala idinga ukugeleza okuncane kwesitimu ukuze kudlule, ukuze ipayipi lifudumale kancane futhi ngokulinganayo kuze kufike ezingeni elithile ngaphambi kokuba i-valve enqamukile ingavulwa ngokugcwele, ukuze kugwenywe ukwanda ngokweqile okubangelwa ukushisa ngokushesha kwepayipi kanye nokulimala engxenyeni yokuxhuma. Kodwa kule nqubo, ukuvulwa kwe-valve kuvame ukuba kuncane kakhulu, okuholela ekutheni izinga lokuguguleka likhulu kakhulu kunomphumela ovamile wokusetshenziswa, kunciphisa kakhulu impilo yesevisi yendawo yokuvala i-valve.
I-diameter enkulu yokumisa i-valve isixazululo esinzima
I-1) Okokuqala, kunconywa ukuthi ukhethe i-valve evala i-globe ukuze ugweme ithonya lokumelana nokungqubuzana kwe-plunger valve kanye ne-valve yokupakisha futhi ushintshe kalula.
2) isihlalo se-spool kumele senziwe ngezinto ezinokumelana nokuguguleka okuhle nokusebenza kahle, njenge-Siteli carbide;
I-3) Kunconywa ukusebenzisa isakhiwo se-disc kabili, hhayi ngenxa yokuvuleka okuncane okubangelwa ukuguguleka ngokweqile, kuthinta impilo yesevisi kanye nomphumela wokuvala.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-05-2022
