Zvakanakira uye zvazvakaipira siyana mavharuvhu Large dhayamita mavharuvhu nei zvakaoma kuchinja? Nzira yekuigadzirisa sei?
Classification nekushandiswa uye basa
Iyo truncation valve inonyanya kushandiswa kuderedza kana kubatanidza kuyerera kwepakati. Kusanganisira gedhi vharafu, globe vharafu, diaphragm vharafu, bhora vharafu, plug vharafu, disc vharafu, plunger vharafu, bhora plug vharafu, tsono rudzi chiridzwa vharafu, nezvimwe.
Kugadzirisa valve kunonyanya kushandiswa kugadzirisa kuyerera kwepakati, kudzvinyirira, etc. Kusanganisira regulating valve, throttle valve, kuderedza valve nezvimwe zvakadaro.
Cheki mavharuvhu anoshandiswa kudzivirira media backflow. Cheki mavharuvhu ekuvakwa kwakasiyana-siyana anosanganisirwa.
Diverter mavharuvhu anoshandiswa kupatsanura, kugovera kana kusanganisa midhiya. Kusanganisira zvakasiyana-siyana zvechimiro chevhavha yekugovera uye musungo, nezvimwe.
Chengetedzo vharafu yepakati overpressure kana kuchengetedza kuchengetedza. Mhando dzose dzemavharuvhu ekuchengetedza dzakabatanidzwa.
Inokamurwa ne main parameters
(a) zvinoenderana nekudzvanyirira kupatsanurwa
Vacuum valve inoshanda kumanikidza pasi peyakajairika atmospheric pressure valve.
Low pressure valve Valve ine nominal pressure PN isingasviki 1.6MPa.
Medium pressure valve nominal pressure PN2.5 ~ 6.4MPa valve.
High pressure valve nominal pressure PN10.0 ~ 80.0MPa valve.
Super high pressure valve nominal pressure PN yakakura kudarika 100MPa valve.
(2) maererano nepakati tembiricha classification
High tembiricha vharafu t mavharuvhu anopfuura 450C.
Medium tembiricha vharafu 120C isingasviki T 450C vharafu.
Normal tembiricha vharafu -40C
Tembiricha vharafu T isingasviki -100C vharafu.
(3) maererano nevharuvhu yemuviri zvinhu classification
Non-metallic zvinhu vharafu: akadai ceramic vharafu, FRP vharafu, epurasitiki vharafu.
Metal material valve: semhangura alloy vharafu, aluminium alloy valve, lead alloy valve, titanium alloy valve, Monel alloy valve.
Cast iron valve, carbon steel valve, cast steel valve, low alloy steel valve, high alloy steel valve.
Metal body lined valve: senge yakarongedzerwa vharafu inotungamira, ine mitsara yepurasitiki vharafu, yakamisikidzwa enamel vharafu.
General classification system
Iyi yemhando nzira haingoenderane chete nemusimboti, basa uye chimiro, ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa nzira yekuronga kumba nekune dzimwe nyika. Kazhinji, kune magedhi mavharuvhu, globe mavharuvhu, throttle mavharuvhu, chiridzwa mavharuvhu, plunger mavharuvhu, diaphragm mavharuvhu, plug mavharuvhu, bhora mavharuvhu, butterfly mavharuvhu, cheki mavharuvhu, kumanikidza kuderedza mavharuvhu, kuchengeteka mavharuvhu, misungo, kudzora mavharuvhu, pasi mavharuvhu, mafirita. , mavharuvhu ekuputika, nezvimwe.
Sei zvakaoma kushandura mavharuvhu makuru? Nzira yekuigadzirisa sei?
Ongororo yezvikonzero zvekunetseka kwekuvhura nekuvhara mavharuvhu makuru edhayamita
Avhareji yemunhu mukuru yakatwasuka muganho wekuburitsa simba i60-90kg, zvichienderana nekusiyana kwemuviri.
Iyo general flow direction yeglobe valve yakagadzirirwa kuve yakaderera uye yakakwirira. Kana vharuvhu yakavharwa, muviri wemunhu unosundira handwheel yakatwasuka kuti itenderere, kuitira kuti vharuvhu disc iende pasi uye ichivhara. Panguva ino, kusanganiswa kwezvikamu zvitatu zvesimba zvinoda kukundwa, zvinoti:
1) axial jacking simba Fa;
2) Froction force pakati pekurongedza uye valve stem Fb;
3) Dzinde rinobata disc core ne friction force Fc
Torque yese iM=(Fa+Fb+Fc)R
Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti yakakura iyo caliber iri, yakakura iyo axial jacking simba. Kana iri pedyo nemamiriro akavharwa, simba re axial jacking rinenge riri pedyo nekumanikidzika kwepombi network (nokuti P1-P2P1, P2 = 0 kana yakavharwa).
Semuenzaniso, DN200 caliber globe valve inoshandiswa pa 10bar steam pombi, uye izwi rayo * rinovhara axial thrust Fa= 10R2 =3140kg. Iyo yakachinjika circumferential simba inodiwa pakuvhara iri padyo nemuganhu weiyo horizontal circumferential simba iyo yakajairika muviri wemunhu inogona kubuda. Nokudaro, zvakaoma zvikuru kuti munhu avhare zvachose valve pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu aya ekushanda.
Zvechokwadi, mamwe mafekitari anokurudzira kuisa rudzi urwu rwevharuvhu kumashure, iyo inogadzirisa dambudziko rekuoma kuvhara, asi pane dambudziko rekuoma kuvhura mushure mekuvhara.
Chikonzero chekuongorora kwedhiyamita hombe yeglobhu vharafu inotapukira mukati mekudonha
Hombe caliber yekumisa vharafu inowanzo shandiswa muboiler outlet, silinda huru, steam director uye zvimwe zvinzvimbo, izvi zvinzvimbo zvine anotevera matambudziko:
1) Musiyano wekudzvanywa pakubuda kwebhailer kazhinji wakakura, saka chiyero chekuyerera kwemuputi chakakurawo, uye kukukurwa nekuparadza mhedzisiro panzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso zvakare yakakura. Uye zvakare, iyo boiler yekupisa inoshanda haigone kuita 100%, izvo zvinokonzeresa iyo boiler yekuburitsa mvura yemukati yakakura, iri nyore kugadzira cavitation uye cavitation kukuvara kune iyo valve yekuvharisa pamusoro.
2) Pakubuda kwebhailer uye vharafu yakachekwa padhuze necylinder, nekuti chiutsi changobuda mubhailer, pane inopindirana yekupisa chiitiko, mukati mekuita saturation, kana iyo boiler mvura inonyorovesa kurapwa isina kunyanya kunaka, kazhinji inonamira chikamu cheasidhi uye alkali zvinhu, panzvimbo yekuvharira inokonzeresa ngura uye kukukurwa; Zvimwe zvinhu zvinopenya zvinogona zvakare kusungirirwa kune vharafu sealing surface crystallization, zvichiita kuti vharuvhu isavharwe zvakasimba.
3) Iyo yekupinza uye yekubuda vharafu ye sub-cylinder, nekuti kushandiswa kweutsi mushure mevhavha kunokonzerwa nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira uye zvimwe zvikonzero, kushandiswa kweutsi kwakakura uye kudiki, kana paine shanduko huru mukuyerera kweyero, ndizvo. nyore kugadzira flash, cavitation uye zvimwe zviitiko, nokudaro zvichikonzera kukoromoka, cavitation uye kumwe kukuvadza kune chisimbiso pamusoro pevhavha.
4) Kazhinji, kana pombi hombe yedhayamita yakavhurwa, zvinofanirwa kupisa pombi, uye preheating process inoda kuyerera kudiki kwemhepo kuti ipfuure, kuitira kuti pombi inodziya zvishoma nezvishoma uye zvakaenzana kune imwe dhigirii isati yasvika. cut-off valve inogona kuvhurwa zvizere, kuitira kudzivirira kuwedzera kwakanyanya kunokonzerwa nekupisa nekukurumidza kwepombi uye kukuvadzwa kwechikamu chekubatanidza. Asi mukuita uku, kuvhurika kwevharuvhu kunowanzo kudiki, zvichikonzera kuwanda kwekukukurwa kwakakura kudarika kushandiswa kwakajairwa, kuderedza zvakanyanya hupenyu hwebasa revhavha yekuvharisa pamusoro.
Yakakura dhayamita yekumisa vharafu switch yakaoma mhinduro
1) Chekutanga pane zvese, zvinokurudzirwa kusarudza mabhero anovhara globe vharafu kuti udzivise friction resistance yeplunger valve uye kurongedza vharafu uye chinja zviri nyore.
2) chigaro che spool chinofanirwa kugadzirwa nezvinhu zvine kunaka kwekukukurwa kwevhu uye kupfeka kuita, seSiteli carbide;
3) Inokurudzirwa kushandisa kaviri dhisiki chimiro, kwete nekuda kwekuvhura kudiki kunokonzerwa nekukura kwakanyanya, kunokanganisa hupenyu hwebasa uye chisimbiso chekuita.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-05-2022
