Ihe dị iche iche na-arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ valvụ na-eji valvụ ihe anaghị agba nchara efere ọkụ akpọrepu nchara

Ihe dị iche iche na-arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ valvụ na-eji valvụ ihe anaghị agba nchara efere ọkụ akpọrepu nchara

Otu n'ime ihe ndị dị mkpa ị ga-atụle na nhazi valve na nhọrọ ihe bụ okpomọkụ na-arụ ọrụ nke valve. Ọzọkwa, hazie ọnọdụ okpomọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị nke ihe omume valvụ, site na arụmọrụ nke nọmba concentric ígwè ejiri n'ụdị dị iche iche nke ihe owuwu valvụ, okpomọkụ na-arụ ọrụ kwesịrị ekwesị na ihe ndị metụtara valvụ omume anụ ahụ ejiri na akụrụngwa petrochemical ụlọ, osisi kemịkalụ, organic fatịlaịza, eletriki ike engineering na metallurgical ụlọ ọrụ na ndị ọzọ ubi na-kpọmkwem maka ọdịdị ọdịdị, n'ichepụta na ule nke valvụ ngwaahịa Ee. Akwụkwọ a na-ewebata n'ụzọ zuru ezu valvụ okpomọkụ, valvụ dị elu na-aga n'ihu, nickel base alloy corrosion na-eguzogide ọgwụ nickel base alloy valve ihe ahọpụtara.
Otu n'ime ihe ndị dị mkpa ị ga-atụle na nhazi valve na nhọrọ ihe bụ okpomọkụ na-arụ ọrụ nke valve. Ọzọkwa, hazie ọnọdụ okpomọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị nke ihe omume valvụ, site na arụmọrụ nke nọmba concentric ígwè ejiri n'ụdị dị iche iche nke ihe owuwu valvụ, okpomọkụ na-arụ ọrụ kwesịrị ekwesị na ihe ndị metụtara valvụ omume anụ ahụ ejiri na akụrụngwa petrochemical ụlọ, osisi kemịkalụ, organic fatịlaịza, eletriki ike engineering na metallurgical ụlọ ọrụ na ndị ọzọ ubi na-kpọmkwem maka ọdịdị ọdịdị, n'ichepụta na ule nke valvụ ngwaahịa Ee. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, site n'echiche nke njikwa mma na njikwa mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ na ịzụ ahịa ihe, maka ígwè ọ bụla dị iche iche kwesịrị ịhọrọ ya na arụmọrụ zuru oke nke ọma, ọ bụghị adabara iji ọtụtụ ụdị ígwè nwere otu ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ, iji gbochie mgbagwoju anya.
1. Isi ihe nke valvụ okpomọkụ (-254 (mmiri mmiri hydrogen) ~ -101 ℃ (butadiene)) omume ga-abụ ala alloy ígwè, alloy ihe ma ọ bụ aluminum alloy profaịlụ na ahu-centric lattice mgbe nile. Njirimara anụ ahụ ultra-ala dị ala mgbe usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ gasịrị, ọkachasị ike mgbaji agbaji dị ala dị ala kwesịrị imezu ihe achọrọ nke ọkọlọtọ. Enwere ike iji nchara alloy dị ala na-esote mee valvụ okpomọkụ zuru oke. ASTMA351 CF8M, CF3M, CF8 na CF3, ASTM A182F316, F316L, F304 na F304L, ASTM A433 316, 316L, 304, 304L na CF8D. The mmanụ sekit efere, otu eruba valvụ, ọnụ ụzọ ámá ma ọ bụ piston valve nke okpomọkụ valvụ ga-abụ cryogenic ọgwụgwọ na mmiri mmiri nitrogen (-196 ℃) tupu miri nhazi.
2. Na-aga n'ihu na valvụ okpomọkụ dị elu Cr-Mo na-aga n'ihu na valvụ ígwè dị elu na-ejikarị ahọrọ WC6, WC9 na C5 (ZG1Cr5Mo) na nkọwa ASTM A217, na mpempe akwụkwọ ndị kwekọrọ na ya bụ F11, F22 na F5 na ASTM A182.
(1) obere chromium ọkwa chrome-molybdenum ígwè nwere WC6, WC9, F11 na F22, ya na ọdabara usoro bụ mmiri, uzuoku na radon gas, adịghị adabara sọlfọ ọdịnaya nke nụchara anụcha mmanụ. WC6 na F11 na-adabara na-arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ nke -29 ~ 540 ℃, na WC9 na F22 bụ adabara na-arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ nke -29 ~ 570 ℃.
(2) C5 (ZG1Cr5Mo) na F5 chromium pentamolybdenum elu okpomọkụ ígwè, ya na ọdabara media maka mmiri, uzuoku, radon gas na sọlfọ ọdịnaya nke nụchara anụcha mmanụ. C5(ZG1Cr5Mo) ma ọ bụrụ na ejiri ya na uzuoku mmiri, oke okpomọkụ ya na-arụ ọrụ bụ 600 ℃. Okpomọkụ kachasị arụ ọrụ bụ 550 ℃ mgbe ejiri ya na ọkara dịka ọdịnaya sọlfọ mmanụ a nụchara anụcha. Ya mere, ọrụ okpomọkụ nke C5 (ZG1Cr5Mo) a chọrọ na-erughị 550 ℃.
3, corrosion eguzogide nickel base elu okpomọkụ alloy corrosion eguzogide nickel base alloy valvụ bụ isi iji ASTM A494 nkọwapụta nke adịgboroja monel alloy
(1), nkedo nickel base alloy (CZ-100), Inconnel aluminum alloy (CY-40), Hastelloy alloy B (N-12MV, N-7M) na Hastelloy C (CW- (1) Monel alloy Monel nwere nnukwu ike. na ductibility, karịsịa ndị magburu onwe iguzogide mbenata acid na ike acid bekee na oké osimiri corrosion Njirimara Ya mere, ọ na-adịkarị eji maka n'ichepụta na ibufe hydrochloric acid, nnu mmiri, na-anọpụ iche bekee, alkali salts na oxidizing acid na ndị ọzọ media ngwá na valves. adabara akọrọ na manic hydrogen, hydrogen chloride gas, 425 ℃ na-aga n'ihu elu okpomọkụ hydrogen na 450 ℃ na-aga n'ihu elu okpomọkụ hydrogen chloride gas na ihe ndị ọzọ, ma ọ dịghị eguzogide sulfur ọdịnaya bekee na mbenata bekee (dị ka sodium cyanide na oxygen nwere ihe). ) Ngwunye valvụ zuru oke nke Monel alloy bụ MM, akụkụ bụ isi bụ valvụ Monel alloy valvụ bụ C / M. Koodu CF8M bụ R/M. The kwesịrị ekwesị na-arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ nke Monel M35-1, Monel 400 na MonelK500 aluminum alloys bụ -29 ~ 480 ℃.
(2) Ihe nkedo nickel base alloy Cast nickel alloy (CZ-100) bụ 95%Ni na 1100%C, ọ nweghịkwa efere akpọrela kwekọrọ. The CZ-100 nwere magburu onwe corrosion eguzogide mgbe eji na-aga n'ihu elu okpomọkụ ngwọta na elu ịta ma ọ bụ na-enweghị mmiri na alkali. A na-ejikarị CZ-100 eme ihe na mmepụta kemịkalụ chlor-alkali na ntinye uche dị elu (gụnyere agbaze aluminum chloride na-enweghị mmiri na anhydrous) na ebe ọla kọpa na ígwè na ngwaahịa mmetọ gburugburu igwe anaghị adị. Nkedo nickel base alloy CZ-100 valve material code Ni. CZ-100 aluminum alloy adabara na-arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ nke -29 ~ 316 ℃.
(3) Hastelloy Hastelloy bụ aha azụmahịa maka Hastelloy, nke na-agụnyekarị usoro nchịkọta, na-emekarị Hastelloy B na Hastelloy C na-eji na valves na-eguzogide corrosion. Nrụpụta nke Hastelloy B alloys na N-12MV (N-12M-1) na N-7M (ụfọdụ ihe akpọrọ N-12M-2, nke a makwaara dị ka Chlorimet 2 aluminum alloy) na ASTM A494 ka a na-atụgharị na UNS na ASTM B335 N10665 . Hastelloy B na-eguzogide ọgwụ sulfuric acid niile, yana nnu na acid na-adịghị ebelata. A ga-ahọrọ valvụ na-eguzogide corrosion nke Hastelloy B, site na nguzogide corrosion na nchekasị corrosion nguzogide nlebara anya kwesịrị ịhọrọ ọkwa nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi dị ala Hastelloy B (N-7M). Nọmba ihe Hastelloy Enweghị ihe achọrọ na mpaghara valvụ. Enwere ike ịkọwa nọmba ihe Hastelloy B valvụ ozugbo site na ịme nọmba njikọ. Hastelloy B kwesịrị ekwesị maka ọrụ okpomọkụ nke -29 ℃ ~ 425 ℃.
Ọkọlọtọ a na-akọwa akụkụ, imepụta ọdịdị, ụkpụrụ teknụzụ, ụzọ nnwale, ụkpụrụ nyocha, akara nkwakọ ngwaahịa na asambodo dị mma nke igwe anaghị agba nchara. Ụkpụrụ a na-emetụta nchara na-ekpo ọkụ na-eguzogide corrosion maka ebumnuche izugbe. GB 222 steel chemical mejupụtara analysis site na iji ụdị sample usoro na okokụre ngwaahịa mejupụtara ekwe njehie GB 223 ígwè na aluminum alloy chemical analysis usoro GB 226 ígwè obere Ọdịdị na adịghị ike acid etching nchọpụta usoro GB 228 metal tensile ule usoro GB 230 metal ihe Rockwell hardness ule usoro. GB 231 metal ihe Brinell... .
1. Isiokwu isiokwu na mpaghara ngwa
Nke a ọkọlọtọ igwe anaghị agba nchara efere na-ekpo ọkụ akpọrepu ígwè size, ọdịdị ọdịdị, teknuzu ụkpụrụ, ule ụzọ, ule ụkpụrụ, nkwakọ akara na àgwà asambodo na ndị ọzọ mkpa ozi.
Ụkpụrụ a na-emetụta nchara na-ekpo ọkụ na-eguzogide corrosion maka ebumnuche izugbe.
2. Ụkpụrụ ntụaka
GB 222 nchara kemịkalụ ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ nyocha site n'ụdị nlele usoro na nhazi nke ngwaahịa emechara na-ekwe omume njehie
GB 223 Ụzọ maka nyocha kemịkalụ nke ígwè na aluminom alloys
GB 226 ígwè - mkpebi nke ala - ike Ọdịdị na ntụpọ site acid etch
GB 228 Metal tensile ule usoro
GB 230 ihe ọla - Rockwell hardness test method
GB 231 Ụzọ nnwale tensile ike maka ihe ọla
GB 232 ekwe ule ụzọ maka metal ihe
Ihe achọrọ maka nnabata, mpụta mbukota, akara na Asambodo Ogo nke GB 247 nnukwu efere ígwè na agbụ ígwè.
GB 709 na-ekpo ọkụ akpọrepu ígwè na ígwè yinye akụkụ, mpụta imewe, net arọ na ndị kwere ekwe njehie
GB 2975 ígwè maka owuwu - ihe nlele chọrọ maka usoro nhazi na ule ọrụ
GB 4334.1 igwe anaghị agba nchara 10% hydrochloric acid usoro ule corrosion
GB 4334.2 igwe anaghị agba nchara HCL – magnesium hydroxide etching test method
GB 4334.3 igwe anaghị agba nchara efere 65% sodium cyanide etch ule usoro
Efere igwe anaghị agba nchara GB 4334.4 sodium cyanide-hydrochloric acid etch test test
GB 4334.5 igwe anaghị agba nchara HCL – usoro nnwale sodium thiosulfate etched
GB 4334.6 igwe anaghị agba nchara efere 5% sulfuric acid corrosion ule usoro
GB 4340 Metallic material — Brinell hardness test method
GB 6397 metal tensile test sample
Nnwale corrosion na ikuku sịntetik (Nnwale SS)
3. Nkọwapụta na ọdịdị ọdịdị
3.1 Nha na njehie ekwe omume nke nnukwu efere ígwè ga-agbasorịrị ihe ndị dị mkpa nke GB 709.
3.1.1 Ihe siri ike kwa mita nke efere ígwè siri ike ga-adaba n'ụkpụrụ ndị dị mkpa na Tebụl 1.
Nlekọta nlekọta ogo nke steeti nyere 1992-11-16, ikike maka mmejuputa ya na 1993-06-01.