Ukukhetha ama-valve kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha zokushintsha Ukukhethwa kwe-valve nokufakwa kohlelo lokukhiqiza ukushisa kukadoti
Ukubaluleka kokukhethwa kwe-valve yokukhetha ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo se-valve kusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwe-medium, izinga lokushisa, ingcindezi ngaphambi nangemva kwe-valve, ukugeleza, izakhiwo zomzimba kanye namakhemikhali we-medium kanye nezinga lezinto zokuhlanzeka kwemidiya njengokucatshangelwa okuphelele kokunquma. Ukukhethwa kwesakhiwo se-valve sokulunga nokuhluzeka kwengqondo, okuhlobene ngokuqondile nokusetshenziswa kokusebenza, ukulawula ukusebenza, ukulawula ukuzinza, nempilo yesevisi.
Ukubaluleka kokukhetha ama-valve
Ukukhethwa kwesakhiwo se-valve kusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwe-medium, izinga lokushisa, ingcindezi ngaphambi nangemva kwe-valve, ukugeleza, izakhiwo zomzimba kanye namakhemikhali we-medium kanye nezinga elihlanzekile le-medium nezinye izici. Ukukhethwa kwesakhiwo se-valve sokulunga nokuhluzeka kwengqondo, okuhlobene ngokuqondile nokusetshenziswa kokusebenza, ukulawula ukusebenza, ukulawula ukuzinza, nempilo yesevisi.
Ukukhetha ama-valve kumele kusetshenziswe ulwazi lwesimo sokusebenza
I. Amapharamitha okucubungula:
1. Igama eliphakathi.
2, ukuminyana okuphakathi, i-viscosity, izinga lokushisa, ukuhlanzeka okuphakathi (nge-particle matter).
3, izakhiwo ezingokomzimba namakhemikhali medium: ezifana nokugqwala, ubuthi, acid kanye alkali.
4, ukugeleza okuphakathi: kukhulu, okujwayelekile, okuncane.
5, i-valve yemidiya ngaphambili, ngemuva kokucindezela kwe-valve: kukhulu, okujwayelekile, okuncane.
6. I-viscosity emaphakathi, i-viscosity inkulu, inani le-Cv lokubala liyanda.
Lamapharamitha ASETSHENZISWA UKUBALA Usayizi Wevalvu, INANI ELILINGANISIWE LE-Cv, KANYE NEZINTO EZIFANELELE ZEVAVI.
Okubili, amapharamitha wokusebenza:
1. Indlela yesenzo: ugesi, i-pneumatic, i-electro-hydraulic, i-hydraulic.
2, umsebenzi we-valve: ukulawulwa, ukunqunywa, ukulawulwa kanye nokunqamula ukwabelana.
3, imodi yokulawula: i-positioner, i-solenoid valve, i-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi.
4. Izidingo zesikhathi sokwenza.
Le ngxenye yemingcele isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukucacisa izidingo zokusebenza ze-valve ezidinga ukumiswa nezinye izesekeli.
Okuthathu, amapharamitha okuvikela angaqhumi:
1, ibanga lokuvikela ukuqhuma.
2. Izinga lokuvikela.
4. Imvelo namapharamitha ashukumisayo:
1. Izinga lokushisa le-ambient.
I-2, imingcele yamandla: ingcindezi yomoya, ingcindezi yamandla.
Izinyathelo zokuphepha zokushintsha i-valve
Uma i-valve izoshintshwa, imingcele yesayizi elandelayo kufanele inikezwe ukugwema i-valve ayikwazi ukufakwa, noma ukufakwa, noma isikhala asanele ngenxa yokungavumelani kwabakhiqizi be-valve, noma amazinga ahlukene asetshenzisiwe, noma isakhiwo se-valve esihlukile.
Njengemishini eyisizayo yesistimu yokukhiqiza amandla okushisa okushisa kukasimende, ukukhethwa kwe-valve nokufakwa kwe-valve yokushisa ephezulu kubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni okuphephile, ukonga kanye nokusebenza kahle kwesistimu yokukhiqiza amandla okushisa imfucuza, nakuba incane ngobuningi nenani. . Ivalvu yokushisa ephezulu yokushisa imfucuza yesistimu yokushisa usimende ihlukile kuleyo yesikhungo samandla ashisayo esijwayelekile. Azikho izinkinga zokuwohloka kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nokugqokwa kothuli kwepuleti elibanzi embonini yamandla ashisayo. Ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa i-Q235 steel plate welding, futhi ukushuba kuncane kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kuka-6mm. Uma le valve iphinde isetshenziswe ohlelweni lokuphehla amandla okushisa imfucuza, nakanjani ibangele ukuwohloka kwepuleti elibanzi, ukunamathela, izinga lokuvuza kwe-bypass likhulu, kumoshe izinsiza eziningi zegesi yokukhipha ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusebenza kokulawula kubi. Ivalve yokudlula isithando somlilo we-SP njalo
Njengemishini eyisizayo yesistimu yokukhiqiza amandla okushisa okushisa kukasimende, i-valve ye-flue yokushisa ephezulu ibaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni okuphephile, ukonga kanye nokusebenza kahle kwesistimu yokukhiqiza amandla okushisa kwemfucuza, nakuba incane ngobuningi nenani. Ivalvu yokushisa ephezulu yokushisa imfucuza yesistimu yokushisa usimende ihlukile kuleyo yesikhungo samandla ashisayo esijwayelekile. Azikho izinkinga zokuwohloka kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nokugqokwa kothuli kwepuleti elibanzi embonini yamandla ashisayo. Ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa i-Q235 steel plate welding, futhi ukushuba kuncane kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kuka-6mm. Uma le valve iphinde isetshenziswe ohlelweni lokuphehla amandla okushisa imfucuza, nakanjani ibangele ukuwohloka kwepuleti elibanzi, ukunamathela, izinga lokuvuza kwe-bypass likhulu, kumoshe izinsiza eziningi zegesi yokukhipha ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusebenza kokulawula kubi. Ivalve yokudlula isithando somlilo we-SP kuwo wonke ukuvuza komoya okungu-1%, ukuphuma kukagesi kwehle ngo-0.6%, ngakho-ke kufanele kulawulwe ngokuqinile, izidingo zokuklanywa kwesilinganiso sokuvuza komoya esidlulayo esingu-1%, esikhulu kakhulu akufanele sidlule u-1.5%, kodwa isimo sangempela inkulu kakhulu kuno-1.5%, eminye ize ifike ku-5%. Ukwenyuka kwezinga lokuvuza kwe-AQC furnace bypass valve kuzophinde kunciphise ikhwalithi ye-flue gas.
Ngokuncintisana okushubile emakethe yokuhlinzeka nge-valve yokukhiqiza amandla kasimende, njengomkhiqizo ongajwayelekile, ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo ye-valve yokushisa ephezulu ayilingani, futhi eminye izonciphisa ngamabomu ubukhulu bomzimba obanzi nepuleti elibanzi. . Ngisho neshaft ethile ebanzi iyi-boiler steel engama-20, isikhathi eside izogqwala ize ife. Ngenxa yesikhundla esiphezulu sokufakwa, umjikelezo omude wokukhiqiza kanye nezindleko zokuthutha eziphezulu ze-valve yegesi ephumayo, izindleko zokushintsha i-valve zikhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke kufanele zikhethwe ngokuvumelana nokuhlelwa kwezobuchwepheshe kwe-valve [1]. Manje umbhali on inani imfucuza imfucuza isizukulwane ukufakwa valve ukufakwa kanye nokugcinwa isipiliyoni. Isifinyezo sokukhethwa nokufakwa kwe-valve.
1, ukukhethwa kwe-valve yokushisa okuphezulu
1.1 I-valve yesithando somlilo ye-AQC
(1) i-valve yokungena
I-valve yokungena isethwe phakathi kwe-outlet kanye negumbi lokuhlala le-cooler ye-grate. Kudingeka ukuthi i-valve ibe nokusebenza okuhle kokulawula nokusebenza okuthembekile ukulungisa umthamo wentuthu wokuphuma kwesipholile se-grate. Ukukhiqizwa kokushisa kwemfucuza kuvame ukwenziwa ngaphambili kwe-grate cooler. Izinga lokushisa lokuklama lingu-300 ~ 360 ℃, futhi lingafinyelela ngaphezu kuka-450 ℃ uma izinga lokushisa liphakeme kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-gas medium of grate cooler iqukethe uthuli lwe-clinker olunokugxila okungaphezu kuka-30mg/m3 (okujwayelekile). Ijubane ngokuvamile lingu-8~15m/s. Amandla e-scour ku-valve plate makhulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ipuleti ye-valve iyadingeka ukuthi ibe nokumelana okuhle kokugqoka ekushiseni okuphezulu ukuze kuthuthukiswe impilo yesevisi ye-valve.
I-valve ingakhethwa nxazonke noma isikwele ngokusho kwesimo sangempela, lapho izinga lokushisa lingazinzile kakhulu, futhi ubukhulu bombhede opholile we-grate buthinta ngokuqondile ukuguqulwa kokushisa kwegesi yokukhipha. Ngokusho komsebenzisi, izinga lokushisa lapha lingaba ngu-450℃ isikhathi eside, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi liba ngu-650℃, futhi lingagcinwa cishe amahora angu-2. Amapuleti e-valve anezinga lokushisa lokuklama ≤450℃ azokwenziwa ngensimbi engu-16Mn noma enguNo. Amapuleti e-valve anezinga lokushisa lokuklama ≥600℃ enziwe ngensimbi engagqwali engu-304. Izinto ezimbili zepuleti ye-valve ekushiseni okuphezulu kwezakhiwo zemishini cishe akukho, ingasaphathwa ukumelana okuhle kokugqoka. Ngokuvakashela isayithi kanye nempendulo yomsebenzisi, siyazi ukuthi lapho izinga lokushisa lingeqi ububanzi bokuklama, impilo yesevisi evamile iminyaka engu-1-2, uma izinga lokushisa lidlula ububanzi bokuklama, impilo yesevisi ingu ** isigamu sonyaka. Ngakho-ke, ipuleti le-valve kufanele lisebenzise i-welding degree tortoiseshell mesh, umjovo oguquguqukayo onamandla okushisa aphezulu, izinga lokushisa eliphansi lokukhuphuka, ukunwetshwa okuncane okushisayo, ukumelana okuqinile nokuguguleka kwamakhemikhali, ukumelana nokushaqeka okushisayo nezinye izinzuzo ze-flexural injection material, ngemva kokubhaka okuphezulu kokushisa. Ukwelashwa kunokumelana okuqinile kokushisa okuphezulu nokumelana nokugqoka, kwandisa impilo yesevisi. Ukuvikelwa kwemisebe yokushisa kungafinyelelwa ngokwandisa shaft ye-yama nokushisela ipuleti lensimbi elincanyana phakathi kwe-actuator nenduku yokuxhuma i-valve.
Ukukhetha i-valve:
Ifomu lesakhiwo: uhlobo lwe-louver;
Ifomu lokuxhuma: i-butt welding, i-flange;
Izinga lokuvuza: 1.5% ~ 2%;
Ukucindezela okuphakathi okufanelekile: 0.1MPa;
Impahla yomzimba: No.
Ikhwalithi yepuleti levalvu: No. 20 boiler steel lining izinga lokushisa eliphezulu futhi igqoke ukumelana nokusakazwa uma ≤450℃, 304 insimbi engagqwali ebeka izinga lokushisa eliphezulu futhi igqoke umjovo okwazi ukumelana nezimo uma ≥600℃;
Yan shaft impahla: 2crl3, 304 insimbi engagqwali.
Ubukhulu be-castable kufanele buboniswe kumkhiqizi we-valve uma ipayipi ihlanganiswe nezinto zokugcwalisa eziguquguqukayo. Ukuze ugweme i-valve efakwe ngemuva kokuthi ipuleti ye-valve ishaye impahla yomjovo wepayipi futhi ayikwazi ukuvulwa. Umzimba WEVALIVU uzombozwa ngogqinsi olufanayo lokunwebeka kanye nezinto eziguquguqukayo ezimelana nokuhuzuka njengepayipi. Inzuzo yalokhu ukuthi ukugeleza akuyona isiyaluyalu. Gwema ukunyakaziswa okukhulu komzimba nediski ngegesi ephumayo. Isendlalelo se-insulation kanye nokudla okuguquguqukayo okungagugi kunciphisa izinga lokushisa lokushisa komzimba we-valve.
(2) I-bypass valve kanye ne-valve yomoya obandayo
I-valve ye-bypass itholakala phakathi komsila we-grate cooler kanye ne-electrostatic precipitator, futhi i-valve yomoya obandayo itholakala ngaphambi kwegumbi lokuhlalisa umoya obandayo. Izinga lokushisa lomoya eliyinsalela lekhanda lehhashi lishintshashintsha kakhulu (180 ~ 500 ℃), isikhathi sokuguquguquka sifushane, futhi ivalve elawula i-bypass isebenza njalo. Lapho ukukhiqizwa kwe-steam yekhanda le-horn kukhulu kakhulu, izinga lokushisa le-steam eshisa kakhulu liyehla, futhi i-bypass elawula i-Yan ivuliwe ukuze kuncishiswe umthamo wentuthu kabhayela ekhanda likahhavini. Qinisekisa ukuzinza kwesistimu. Nakuba izinga lokushisa legesi ye-AOC bypass bypass lingekho phezulu, izinga lokuvuza kwepuleti le-valve liyakhuphuka ngemva kokuba lihlulwe futhi ligqokwe uthuli lwe-clinker. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ipuleti le-valve lizowa, okuholela ekuvuzeni komoya okubi kakhulu ohlelweni, okuholela ekuncishisweni kokuhwamuka kwesithando somlilo se-AOC. Uma izinga lokushisa lomusi ongenisiwe liphezulu kakhulu, umoya obandayo wengezwa ekamelweni lokuzinza ngevalvu yomoya obandayo. I-valve ngeke iguge, kodwa izinga lokuvuza likhulu, elizonciphisa ikhwalithi ye-flue gas. Ngakho-ke, lawa ma-valve amabili adinga uphawu oluhle.
Ifomu lesakhiwo: ipuleti elilodwa, uhlobo lwe-louver;
Ifomu lokuxhuma: i-butt welding, i-flange;
Izinga lokuvuza: ipuleti elilodwa 1%, uhlobo lwe-shutter 1.5% ~ 2%;
Ukucindezela okuphakathi okufanelekile: 0.1Mpa;
Izinga lokushisa lesevisi: ≤450℃;
Impahla yomzimba: No. 20 boiler steel;
Ikhwalithi ye-valve plate: 16Mn;
Impahla ye-valve shaft: 20Crl3.
Kunconywa ukusebenzisa ipuleti ye-valve yepuleti elilodwa (izinga lokuvuza lohlobo lwe-shutter liphezulu), futhi kuthuthukiswe ukunemba kokucubungula, izinga lokuvuza lilawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-1%, i-valve yokudlula kufanele iqinise ukumelana nokuguga nokumelana nokugqwala, inciphise umoya wokudlula. ivolumu yokuvuza lapho i-boiler isebenza.
(3) i-valve yokuphuma
I-valve yokuphuma itholakala phakathi kwesithando somlilo kanye ne-electrostatic precipitator, lapho izinga lokushisa legesi ephumayo ngokuvamile lingaphansi kuka-360 ℃, ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa kuncane, ukugqokwa kothuli kubuthakathaka, futhi isenzo sokuvula nokuvala ivalvu sincane. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, kusesimweni esivulekile, lapho ukulungiswa kwesithando somlilo se-AQC, i-valve ivaliwe. I-valve idinga ukusebenza kahle kokuvala uma ivaliwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukugcinwa kwebhayili nokuphepha kwabasebenzi.
Ifomu le-valve: faka ipuleti;
Ifomu lokuxhuma: i-butt welding, i-flange;
Izinga lokuvuza: ≤0.5%;
Ukucindezela okuphakathi okufanelekile: 0.1Mpa;
Izinga lokushisa lesevisi: 330 ~ 450 ℃;
Impahla yomzimba: No. 20 boiler steel;
Ikhwalithi ye-valve plate: 16Mn:
Impahla ye-valve shaft: 20Crl3.
I-valve iklanywe njengesakhiwo se-valve yepulaki, idivayisi yokudlulisa esebenzisa uhlobo lwe-sprocket, ukugwema i-valve ngenxa yokunqwabelana komlotha okubangelwa ukuguqulwa kwepuleti le-valve yokuvula nokuvala, ukugoba kwesiqu noma ukushisa ukwehluleka kwe-actuator kagesi. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi isethi ye-valve yepulaki eyenziwa ngesandla kanye ne-impeller feeder eqinile kufanele imiswe phakathi kwegumbi lokuhlala kanye nomshini woziphu ukuze kugwenywe inani elikhulu lothuli olunqwabelene ngesikhathi sokumiswa kukabhayela. Lapha izinga lokushisa liphakeme kakhulu lifinyelela ku-450 ℃, ngakho-ke umzimba we-valve ye-impeller feeder kanye nemodi yokuxhumeka kwemoto ixhunywe ngokuhlangana, ukuze kuvinjwe umgqomo ukuthi ungaweli emzimbeni wangaphandle obhajwe kumshini wokuthulula. Enjinini yokusha, idivayisi yokuvikela ukulayishwa ngokweqile okomile isetshenziswa esikhundleni sephinikhodi yokuphepha emkhiqizweni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, igobolondo elingaphezu kwe-impeller ifakwe izimbobo zokuhlola, i-valve shaft inwetshiwe, ukuthwala kungaphandle, futhi imbobo yokugcwalisa i-refueling ingeziwe, ukuze kuncishiswe iphutha elibangelwa izinto ezinamathele kanye nokushisa okuphezulu.
(4) i-valve yokushisa ephezulu
I-valve ye-superheater ngokuvamile isethwe phakathi kwendawo engaphambili ye-grate cooler kanye ne-superheater, lapho izinga lokushisa legesi ephumayo ngokuvamile liba ngu-500~650℃, futhi okuqukethwe kothuli kungu-30mg/m3(okujwayelekile). Njengamanje, umnyango wokuklama wengeza umklamo omncane we-superheater.
Idizayini evamile ye-valve i-louvered, ipuleti ye-valve iyinsimbi engagqwali engu-304. Ngokusho kwabasebenzisi, izinga lokushisa lapha ligcinwa kakhulu ku-650 ℃, futhi ezimweni eziningi, lingafinyelela ku-900 ℃. Ngenxa yokuthi i-valve ingaphansi kwezinga lokushisa le-flue gas, ukugqwala nokuguguleka kubi kakhulu. Impilo yesevisi emfushane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, umzimba we-valve kufanele uthelwe ngezinto zokuvikela ukushisa futhi uphonswe ubukhulu obufanayo nepayipi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukugeleza komoya akunyakazi. Izinga le-valve plate liphansi uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi i-304 enezinhlangothi ezimbili zegobolondo lokushisela ufudu kufanele isetshenziselwe ukuphonsa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu nokumelana nokugqoka okufakekayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okulawulwayo kwe-valve kanye nokusebenza okuvamile komugqa wokukhiqiza we-linker.
Ifomu le-valve: uhlobo lwe-louver;
Ifomu lokuxhuma: i-butt welding, i-flange;
Izinga lokuvuza: 1.5% ~ 2%;
Ukucindezela okuphakathi okufanelekile: 0.1MPa;
Izinga lokushisa lesevisi: 450 ~ 650 ℃;
Impahla yomzimba: No.
Ipuleti le-valve: 304 insimbi engagqwali efakwe izinga lokushisa eliphezulu futhi igqoke ukumelana nokusakazwa;
I-Fujian shaft material: 304 insimbi engagqwali.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-14-2022
