I-Flash kanye ne-cavitation yama-valve nezindlela zokuvimbela ukulimala kwe-cavitation izici eziyinhloko zobuchwepheshe zama-valve

I-Flash kanye ne-cavitation yama-valve nezindlela zokuvimbela ukulimala kwe-cavitation izici eziyinhloko zobuchwepheshe zama-valve

Ngokuvamile angabona i-valve elawulayo,i-valve yokunciphisa nezinye izingxenye ze-throttle valve nezihlalo zezimpawu zokugqoka zangaphakathi, i-groove ejulile nemigodi, okubangelwa kakhulu yi-cavitation. I-Cavitation iwuhlobo lokuhluleka kwezinto ezibonakalayo lapho ingcindezi nokushisa kwe-liquid kufinyelela inani elibucayi, elihlukaniswe nge-flash kanye ne-cavitation izigaba ezimbili. I-Flash iyinqubo yoguquko eshesha kakhulu lapho uketshezi lugeleza kusilawuli ngenxa yesihlalo kanye
Imvamisa ingabona i-valve elawulayo, i-valve enciphisa kanye nezinye i-throttle valve disc kanye nezingxenye zesihlalo zamamaki okugqoka angaphakathi, i-groove ejulile nemigodi, ebangelwa kakhulu yi-cavitation.
I-Cavitation iwuhlobo lokuhluleka kwezinto ezibonakalayo lapho ingcindezi nokushisa kwe-liquid kufinyelela inani elibucayi, elihlukaniswe nge-flash kanye ne-cavitation izigaba ezimbili.
I-Flash iyinqubo yokuguqula esheshayo, lapho uketshezi lugeleza kusilawuli, ngenxa yesihlalo se-valve kanye ne-valve disc kwakheka ukufinyela kwendawo yendawo yokugeleza, ukumelana kwendawo, ukuze umfutho we-fluid kanye nesivinini sishintshe.
Lapho ukucindezela kuyi-P1 yoketshezi olugeleza ku-orifice, isivinini ngokuzumayo ukwanda okubukhali kokucindezela okumile kwehle, ngemva kokucindezela kwembobo engu-P2 oketshezini esimweni sokucindezela kwesitimu esigcwele ngaphambi kwe-Pv, ingxenye yoketshezi ibe ukuhwamuka kwegesi, amabhamuza, ukwakheka koketshezi lwegesi isenzakalo sokuhlalisana kwesigaba sesibili, esibizwa nge-flash stage, kuyisimo sohlelo.
Isilawuli asikwazi ukugwema iflash ngaphandle uma izimo zesistimu zishintsha. Futhi lapho umfutho ophansi komfula we-liquid ku-valve ukhuphuka futhi, futhi uphakeme kunomfutho we-saturation, ingcindezi eyengeziwe icindezela ibhamuza, ukuze liqhume kungazelelwe, okwaziwa ngokuthi yi-cavitation stage. Ngesikhathi se-cavitation, ibhamuza eligcwele alisekho futhi liqhuma ngokushesha libuyele esimweni samanzi. Ngoba umthamo wamabhamuza bukhulu kakhulu kunomthamo woketshezi olufanayo. Ngakho-ke i-bubble burst inguquko isuka kumthamo omkhulu iye kumthamo omncane.
I-Cavitation enqubweni yebhamuza iqhume lapho wonke amandla egxile endaweni yokuqhekeka, okuholela ezinkulungwaneni zama-Newtons womthelela, ingcindezi yegagasi lokushaqeka elifika ku-2 × 103 MPa,** ngaphezu komkhawulo wokuhluleka kokukhathala wezinto eziningi zensimbi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinga lokushisa lendawo lifika ezinkulungwaneni ezimbalwa ze-Celsius, futhi ukucindezeleka okushisayo okubangelwa lezi zindawo ezishisayo kuyisici esiyinhloko sokukhiqiza umonakalo we-cavitation.
I-Flash ikhiqiza umonakalo wokuguguleka, yenza izimpawu zokuguga ezibushelelezi ebusweni bezingxenye. Njengesihlabathi esifuthwe ebusweni bengxenye, ingaphezulu lengxenye lidabukile, lenze umgodi we-slag omangelengele njengongaphandle. Ezimweni zokuhlukana kwengcindezi ephakeme, i-disc eqinile kakhulu nesihlalo sizolimala ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu, ukuvuza, kuthinta ukusebenza kwe-valve. Ngasikhathi sinye, kunqubo ye-cavitation, i-bubble yaqhuma yakhipha amandla amakhulu, okubangela ukudlidliza kwezingxenye zangaphakathi, ikhiqiza umsindo ofinyelela ku-10 kHz, amabhamuza amaningi, umsindo omkhulu kakhulu.
Izindlela zokuvimbela ukulimala kwe-cavitation
Ukulawula i-valve flash akuvimbeki, okungenziwa ukuvimbela ukucekelwa phansi kwe-flash. Ekwakhiweni kwe-valve elawulayo, izici ezithinta ukulimala kwe-flash ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa ukwakheka kwe-valve, izakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nomklamo wesistimu. Ukulimala kwe-Cavitation kungavinjelwa indlela e-zigzagging, i-multistage decompression kanye ne-porous throttling valve structure.
1) Isakhiwo se-valve
Nakuba isakhiwo se-valve singahlangene ne-flash, singanqanda umonakalo we-flash. Isakhiwo se-angular valve esinokugeleza okuphakathi ukusuka phezulu kuye phansi kungavimbela ukulimala kwe-flash kangcono kune-valve eyindilinga. Ukulimala kwe-flash kubangelwa amabhamuza agcwele isivinini esikhulu athinta ingaphezulu lomzimba we-valve futhi agqwale ebusweni bomzimba we-valve. Ngenxa yokuthi i-medium ku-angular valve igeleza iqonde maphakathi nepayipi elingezansi komfula ngaphakathi kwe-valve yomzimba, kunokuba libe nomthelela oqondile odongeni lomzimba njenge-valve eyindilinga, amandla abhubhisayo we-flash aba buthaka.
2) Ukukhetha impahla
Ngokuvamile, izinto ezinobulukhuni obuphakeme zimelana kakhulu nokulimala kwe-flash kanye ne-cavitation. Izinto eziqinile zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwakha imizimba yama-valve. Njengemboni yamandla ivame ukukhetha ivalvu yensimbi ye-chromium molybdenum alloy, i-WC9 ingenye yezinto ezivame ukusetshenziswa ezilwa nokugqwala. Uma i-engeli engezansi yomfula ifakwe ubulukhuni obuphezulu bepayipi lempahla, umzimba wevalvu ungakhetha impahla yensimbi ye-carbon, ngoba ** engxenyeni engezansi yomzimba wevalvu kuphela uketshezi olukhanyayo.
3) Indlela eyingozi
Enye indlela yokunciphisa ukubuyiswa kwengcindezi ukudlulisa i-flow medium ngokusebenzisa i-throttle ene-zigzagging path. Nakuba le ndlela emazombezombe ingaba nezinhlobo ezahlukene, njengezimbobo ezincane, indlela yokugeleza kwe-radial, njll. Kodwa umphumela womklamo ngamunye uyafana ngokuyisisekelo. Le ndlela ye-zigzag ingasetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezingxenye ezihlukahlukene zokulawula i-cavitation.
4) Ukuwohloka kwamazinga amaningi
Isigaba ngasinye se-multistage decompression sisebenzisa ingxenye yamandla, okwenza ukucindezelwa kwe-inlet kwesigaba esilandelayo kube phansi ngokuqhathaniswa, ukunciphisa ukucindezelwa okuhlukile kwesigaba esilandelayo, ukubuyiswa kwengcindezi ephansi, nokugwema ukukhiqizwa kwe-cavitation. Idizayini ephumelelayo ivumela i-valve ukuthi imelane nokucindezela okukhulu okuhlukile ngenkathi igcina ingcindezi ngemva kokufinyela ngaphezu kwengcindezi egcwele yoketshezi, ivimbela ukukhiqizwa kwe-cavitation ye-liquid. Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yokwehla kwengcindezi efanayo, i-throttle yesiteji esisodwa kungenzeka ukuthi ikhiqize i-cavitation kune-multi-stage throttle.
I-5) I-Porous throttling design
I-Orifice throttling iwuhlelo olubanzi lokuklama. Ukusetshenziswa kwesihlalo esikhethekile kanye nefomu lesakhiwo se-valve disc, yenza uketshezi olunesivinini esikhulu ngokusebenzisa isihlalo se-valve kanye ne-valve disc iphuzu ngalinye lokucindezela liphakeme kunokushisa kwe-saturated steam pressure, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-convergence jet method, ukuze i-kinetic ye-liquid. amandla e-valve elawulayo ngenxa yokungqubuzana okuhlangene futhi aguqulwa abe amandla okushisa, ukuze kuncishiswe ukwakheka kwamabhamuza. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuqhuma kwe-bubble kwenzeka phakathi nendawo yomkhono, ukugwema ukulimala okuqondile esihlalweni kanye ne-disc surface.
Ukusebenza okuyinhloko kobuchwepheshe kokusebenza kwamandla e-valve
Ukusebenza kwamandla kwe-valve kubhekisela emandleni e-valve ukuthwala ukucindezela okuphakathi. I-valve ingumkhiqizo wemishini othwala ingcindezi yangaphakathi, ngakho-ke kufanele ibe namandla okwanele nokuqina ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuphuka noma ukuguqulwa.

Ukusebenza kokubekwa uphawu

Ukusebenza kokuvalwa kwe-valve kubhekisela ezingxenyeni zokuvala i-valve ukuvimbela ikhono lokuvuza kwemidiya, kuyizinkomba ezibaluleke kakhulu zokusebenza kwezobuchwepheshe zevalvu. Kunezingxenye ezintathu zokuvala zevalvu: ukuthintana phakathi kwezingxenye zokuvula nokuvala kanye nesihlalo sevalvu izindawo ezimbili zokuvala; Ukupakisha kanye nesiqu se-valve nokuhambisana nebhokisi lokupakisha; Ukuhlangana komzimba kubhonethi. Okunye ukuvuza kwangaphambili kubizwa ngokuthi ukuvuza kwangaphakathi, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukuxega, kuzophazamisa ikhono le-valve ukusika i-medium. Esigabeni se-valve ye-block, ukuvuza kwangaphakathi akuvunyelwe. Ukuvuza okubili kokugcina kubizwa ngokuthi ukuvuza kwangaphandle, okungukuthi, ukuvuza kwemidiya kusuka kuvalvu kuya kuvalvu ngaphandle. Ukuvuza kuzodala ukulahleka kwempahla, ukungcoliswa kwemvelo, okungathí sina nakho kuzodala izingozi. Ngemidiya evuthayo, eqhumayo, enobuthi noma enemisebe, ukuvuza akuvunyelwe, ngakho-ke i-valve kufanele ibe nokusebenza okuthembekile kokuvala.

Ukugeleza kwe-medium

Medium ngokusebenzisa i-valve izokhiqiza ukulahlekelwa kwengcindezi (umehluko wengcindezi ngaphambi nangemva kwe-valve), okungukuthi, i-valve inokumelana okuthile nokugeleza okuphakathi, okuphakathi ukuze kunqobe ukumelana kwe-valve kuzodla inani elithile lamandla. Kusukela ekucabangeni ukonga amandla, ukuklama kanye nokukhiqizwa kwama-valve ukunciphisa ukumelana ne-valve ku-flow medium ngangokunokwenzeka.
Amandla okuvula nokuvala kanye nomzuzu wokuvula nokuvala

Amandla okuvula nokuvala kanye ne-torque amandla noma ama-torque okufanele asetshenziswe ukuvula noma ukuvala i-valve. Vala i-valve, isidingo sokwenza ingxenye evulekile-vala futhi uthumele ifomu uphawu phakathi kokucindezela okubili kokuvala kwendawo, kodwa futhi unqobe phakathi kwesiqu nokupakisha, isiqu se-valve naphakathi kwemicu yentongomane, i-valve rod end bearing friction and ezinye izingxenye zamandla okungqubuzana, ngakho-ke kufanele zisebenzise amandla okuvala kanye nomzuzu oseduze, ngesikhathi sokuvula nokuvala, i-valve iyadingeka ukuze uvule futhi uvale amandla kanye ne-torque evulekile evulekile, Inani layo eliphezulu lisemzuzwini wokugcina. yokuvala noma umzuzu wokuqala wokuvula. Ama-valve kufanele aklanywe futhi enziwe ukuze kuncishiswe amandla okuvala kanye ne-torque yokuvala.

Isivinini sokuvula nokuvala

Isivinini sokuvula nokuvala sivezwa njengesikhathi esidingekayo ukuqedela isenzo sokuvula noma sokuvala se-valve. Isivinini esivamile sokuvula nokuvala akuzona izidingo eziqinile, kodwa ezinye izimo zinezidingo ezikhethekile zokuvula nokuvala isivinini, njengezinye izidingo zokuvula noma ukuvala ngokushesha, uma kwenzeka izingozi, ezinye izidingo zokuvala kancane, uma kwenzeka isiteleka samanzi, okufanele kucatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa uhlobo lwe-valve.
Ukuzwela kokunyakaza nokuthembeka

Lokhu kubhekisela ku-valve yezinguquko zepharamitha ephakathi, yenza impendulo ehambisanayo nezinga lokuzwela. I-valve ye-throttle, i-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi, i-valve elawulayo namanye ama-valve asetshenziselwa ukulungisa imingcele ye-medium kanye ne-valve yokuphepha, i-valve yesicupho kanye namanye ama-valve anemisebenzi ethile, ukuzwela kwayo okusebenzayo nokuthembeka kuyizinkomba zokusebenza kwezobuchwepheshe ezibaluleke kakhulu.

Impilo yesevisi ye-

Imele ukuqina kwevalvu, iyinkomba yokusebenza ebalulekile yevalvu, futhi inokubaluleka okukhulu kwezomnotho. Ngokuvamile ukuze kuqinisekiswe izidingo zokubekwa uphawu kwenani lezikhathi zokuveza, kungabuye kuboniswe ngokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi.