Low zafin bawul kauri bango, wurin zama, anti-a tsaye ƙira da masana'antu matsayin bincike low zafin jiki bawul aikace-aikace ilmi gabatarwar
Ƙananan kauri bangon bawul ɗin zafin jiki, wurin zama, ƙirar anti-a tsaye da ƙididdigar ƙira
Dace da matsakaici zazzabi -40 ℃ ~ -196 ℃ bawul ake kira low zazzabi bawul. Cryogenic bawuloli ciki har da low zafin jiki ball bawul, ƙofar bawul a low zazzabi, low zafin jiki yanke-kashe bawul, aminci bawul, duba bawul a low zazzabi a cikin ƙananan zafin jiki, low zazzabi malam buɗe ido bawul, allura bawul a low zazzabi, low zafin jiki maƙura bawul, cryogenic bawul, da dai sauransu, yafi amfani da ethylene, liquefied halitta gas (LNG) shuka, gas LPGLNG tank, yarda tushe da goonhilly, iska rabuwa kayan aiki, mai sinadaran wutsiya gas rabuwa kayan aiki, Liquid oxygen, ruwa nitrogen, ruwa argon, carbon dioxide low Tankin ajiyar zafin jiki da motar tanki, matsa lamba adsorption na'urorin samar da iskar oxygen. Matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaiciyar ruwa kamar ethylene, ruwa oxygen, hydrogen ruwa, iskar gas mai yayyafi, samfuran albarkatun mai, da sauransu, ba kawai mai ƙonewa ba ne da fashewa ba, har ma gasification lokacin dumama. Lokacin da gasification, ƙarar yana faɗaɗa ɗaruruwan sau. Aikace-aikacen bawul ɗin ƙananan zafin jiki, sarrafa zafin jiki, hanawa, ɗigogi da sauran hatsarori masu ɓoye.
Tsarin bawul ɗin ƙarancin zafin jiki na yau da kullun: ƙananan bawuloli masu ƙarancin zafin jiki waɗanda aka saba amfani da su sune ƙananan bawul ɗin ƙofar zafin jiki, bawul ɗin ƙarancin zafin duniya, bawul ɗin duba ƙarancin zafin jiki, bawul ɗin ƙarancin zafin jiki, bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido da sauransu. Ƙananan bawul ɗin ƙofar zafin jiki da ƙananan ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙarancin zafin jiki a cikin ɗaki tsakanin farantin ƙofar da ƙwallon, ana ba da ramin taimako na matsa lamba. Duk bawuloli na cryogenic an rufe su ba tare da kai tsaye ba kuma suna da simintin GUDA MATSALA ko MALAMAI A jiki.
1. Ƙananan kauri na bango: ƙananan kauri na jiki da murfin ƙananan bawul ɗin zafin jiki, baya karɓar kauri na bango a cikin ma'auni ASMEB16.34. Matsakaicin kauri na bawul ɗin ƙofar ba zai zama ƙasa da API600 ba, ƙaramin kauri na bangon bawul ɗin duniya ba zai zama ƙasa da BS1873 ba, ƙaramin kauri na bawul ɗin duba ba zai zama ƙasa da ƙaramin kauri na bangon BS1868 da sauran ka'idoji ba; Diamita mai tushe zai bi ka'idodin API600 ko BS1873.
2. Bawul wurin zama: low zafin jiki bawul samfurin sealing biyu bisa ga aiki zafin jiki da kuma maras muhimmanci matsa lamba na matsakaici, za a iya tsara a matsayin karfe-PTFE taushi hatimi ko karfe-karfe wuya hatimi, amma PTFE ne kawai dace da aiki zafin jiki na matsakaicin ya fi 73 ℃, saboda ƙananan zafin jiki PTFE zai zama gaggautsa. A lokaci guda PTFE bai kamata a yi amfani da matakin matsa lamba mafi girma ko daidai da CL1500 ba, saboda lokacin da matsa lamba ya wuce CL1500, PTFE zai samar da ruwan sanyi, yana shafar hatimin valve. Wurin zama na bawul ɗin ƙofar ƙananan zafin jiki mai ƙarfi, bawul ɗin duba da bawul ɗin duniya yana ɗaukar Co-Cr-W harabar gami mai ƙarfi kai tsaye akan jikin bawul. Yi wurin zama da jiki gaba ɗaya, hana zubar da ruwa da ke haifar da ƙarancin yanayin zafi na wurin zama, tabbatar da amincin hatimin tsakanin wurin zama da jiki.
3. Anti-static: amfani da flammable da fashewa low zafin jiki matsakaici, idan bawul shiryawa ko gasket da hatimi ga PTFE da sauran insulating kayan, da bawul bude da kuma rufe zai samar da a tsaye wutar lantarki, da kuma a tsaye wutar lantarki ga flammable da fashewar low zazzabi matsakaici. yana da matukar muni, don haka, ya kamata a tsara bawul ɗin tare da na'urar anti-static.
Zaɓin kayan bawul ɗin ƙarancin zafin jiki:
1. The bawul jiki da kuma cover dauko: LCB (-46 ℃), LC3 (-101 ℃), CF8 (304) (-196 ℃).
2. Ƙofa: bakin karfe surfacing cobalt tushen wuya gami.
3. Wurin zama: bakin karfe surfacing cobalt tushen carbide.
4. Tushen: 0Cr18Ni9.
Madaidaicin bawul ɗin zafin jiki da tsarin samfur:
1. Zane: API6D, JB/T7749
2. Valve dubawa na yau da kullun da gwaji: bisa ga daidaitattun API598.
3. Valve ƙananan zafin jiki dubawa da gwaji: latsa JB/T7749.
4. Yanayin tuƙi: manual, bevel gear drive da lantarki drive na'urar.
5. Bawul wurin zama form: bawul wurin zama rungumi dabi'ar walda tsarin, da sealing surface ne surfacing cobalt tushen carbide don tabbatar da sealing yi na bawul.
6. Ragon yana ɗaukar tsari na roba, kuma an tsara ramin taimako na matsa lamba a ƙarshen mashigai.
7. Jikin bawul ɗin da aka hatimce ta hanya ɗaya da alama yana gudana.
8. Low zafin jiki ball bawul, ƙofar bawul, globe bawul da malam buɗe ido bawul dauki dogon wuyan tsarin don kare shiryawa.
9. Matsakaicin kwandon kwandon zafin jiki: JB / T8861-2004.
Gabatarwar ilimin bawul ɗin ƙarancin zafin jiki
1. Zaɓuɓɓukan aikace-aikacen ƙananan zafin jiki
1. Masu aiki suna amfani da bawuloli a cikin yanayin sanyi, kamar RIGS mai a cikin tekun polar.
2. Masu aiki suna amfani da bawuloli don sarrafa ruwa a yanayin zafi da ƙasa da daskarewa.
Na biyu, menene ya shafi ƙirar bawul?
Zazzabi yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan ƙirar bawul. Misali, mai amfani zai iya buƙatarsa don sanannen yanayi kamar Gabas ta Tsakiya. Ko kuma, yana iya aiki a cikin yanayin sanyi kamar tekun iyakacin duniya. Dukansu yanayi na iya shafar ƙunsar bawul da karko. Abubuwan da ke cikin waɗannan bawuloli sun haɗa da jiki, bonnet, kara, hatimin tushe, bawul ɗin ball, da wurin zama. Waɗannan sassan suna faɗaɗa kuma suna kwangila a yanayin zafi daban-daban saboda bambance-bambance a cikin abun da ke ciki.
Na uku, ta yaya injiniyan ke tabbatar da rufe bawul ɗin ƙarancin zafin jiki?
Leakage yana da tsada sosai idan mutum yayi la'akari da farashin yin iskar gas a cikin firiji a farkon wuri. Hakanan yana da haɗari. Babban damuwa tare da fasahar cryogenic shine yuwuwar yabo wurin zama. Masu saye sau da yawa suna raina radial da ci gaban layin layi na mai tushe dangane da jiki. Masu saye na iya guje wa waɗannan matsalolin idan sun zaɓi bawuloli masu dacewa. Ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da ƙananan bawul ɗin zafin jiki da aka yi da bakin karfe. Kayan yana jurewa da kyau tare da matakan zafin jiki yayin aiki tare da iskar gas. Za a rufe bawuloli na cryogenic da kayan da suka dace har zuwa mashaya 100. Bugu da kari, EXENDED BONNET wani abu ne mai matukar muhimmanci yayin da yake tantance matsi na karan.
Zaɓi bawul don sabis ɗin ƙananan zafin jiki
Zaɓin bawuloli don aikace-aikacen cryogenic na iya zama mai rikitarwa. Dole ne mai siye yayi la'akari da yanayin da ke kan jirgin da kuma a cikin ma'aikata. Bugu da ƙari kuma, ƙayyadaddun kaddarorin ruwan cryogenic suna buƙatar takamaiman aikin bawul. Zaɓin da ya dace yana tabbatar da amincin shuka, kariyar kayan aiki da aiki mai aminci. Kasuwancin LNG na duniya yana amfani da manyan ƙirar bawul guda biyu.
1, baffle guda ɗaya da baffle duba bawul
Wadannan bawuloli sune mahimman abubuwan da ke cikin kayan aikin ruwa saboda suna hana lalacewa ta hanyar juyawa kwarara. Material da girman su ne mahimman la'akari saboda bawul ɗin cryogenic suna da tsada. Sakamakon bawuloli marasa kuskure na iya zama cutarwa.
2, uku son kai Rotary m keɓe bawul
Waɗannan ɓangarorin suna ba da damar bawul ɗin buɗewa da rufewa. Suna aiki tare da ɗan juzu'i da gogayya. Har ila yau, yana amfani da karfin juzu'i don sanya bawul ɗin ya ƙara yin iska. Ɗaya daga cikin ƙalubalen ajiya na LNG yana makale a cikin rami. A cikin wadannan cavities, da ruwa za a iya fadada fiye da 600 sau. Matsattsewar bawul ɗin keɓewa mai jujjuya uku yana kawar da wannan ƙalubale.
Biyar, a cikin yanayin iskar gas mai ƙonewa sosai, kamar iskar gas ko iskar oxygen, idan wuta ta tashi, bawul ɗin dole ne ya yi aiki daidai.
1. Matsalar zafi
Canje-canjen zafin jiki na iya shafar amincin ma'aikata da masana'antu. Kowane bangare na cryovalve yana faɗaɗa kuma yana yin kwangila a farashi daban-daban saboda nau'ikan kayan abu daban-daban da tsawon lokacin da aka sa su cikin firiji. Wata babbar matsala yayin da ake mu'amala da firji shine karuwar zafi daga yanayin da ke kewaye. Wadannan zafi yana ƙaruwa shine dalilin da yasa masana'antun ke ware bawuloli da layi. Baya ga babban kewayon zafin jiki, bawuloli dole ne su yi gwagwarmaya da ƙalubale masu yawa. Ga helium mai ruwa, zazzabin iskar gas ya ragu zuwa -270C.
2. Matsalolin aiki
Akasin haka, idan zafin jiki ya faɗi zuwa sifili, aikin bawul ya zama ƙalubale sosai. Bawul ɗin cryogenic yana haɗa bututu tare da iskar gas zuwa yanayi. Yana yin haka a yanayin zafi. Sakamakon zai iya zama bambancin zafin jiki har zuwa 300C tsakanin bututu da muhalli.
3. inganci
Bambance-bambancen yanayin zafi yana haifar da kwararar zafi daga wurare masu zafi zuwa sanyi. Zai iya lalata aikin al'ada na bawul. Hakanan zai iya rage ingantaccen tsarin a cikin matsanancin yanayi. Wannan yana da damuwa musamman idan ƙanƙara ta kasance akan ƙarshen dumi. Amma a cikin aikace-aikacen cryogenic, ana amfani da wannan tsarin dumama da gangan. Ana amfani da wannan tsari don rufe tushe. Yawancin lokaci, kara yana rufe da filastik. Wadannan kayan ba za su iya jure wa ƙananan zafin jiki ba, amma babban hatimin ƙarfe na ƙarfe don abubuwa biyu, waɗanda ke motsawa da yawa a wurare daban-daban, kawai tsada ne kuma kusan ba zai yiwu ba.
4. Damuwa
Akwai haɓakar matsi yayin sarrafa na'urar ta yau da kullun. Wannan ya faru ne saboda karuwar zafi na yanayi da kuma samuwar tururi mai zuwa. Ana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman a cikin ƙirar bawul / tsarin bututu. Wannan yana ba da damar damuwa don haɓakawa.
5. Matsalar rufewa
Akwai mafita mai sauƙi ga wannan matsala. Kuna ɗaukar robobin da ake amfani da shi don rufe tushe zuwa wurin da ya dace da yanayin zafi. Wannan yana nufin cewa dole ne a kiyaye abin rufewar tushe a nesa da ruwan. Kaho kamar bututu ne. Idan ruwan ya tashi ta wannan bututu, zai yi dumi daga yanayin zafi na waje. Lokacin da ruwan ya kai ga mai ɗaukar tushe, yana da farko a yanayin zafi da gas. Murfin kuma yana hana rikewa daskarewa da kasa farawa.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-19-2022
