Yintoni unobangela wokungathotywa kwevalufa?

Yintoni unobangela wokungathotywa kwevalufa?

Ukuze ulungelelanise ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ze-pneumatic zokugcinwa, i-diameter yombhobho kunye ne-valve yokunqunyulwa kombhobho womoya oxinzelelweyo kwisikhululo sikarhulumente unokunyuswa ngokufanelekileyo, umzekelo, i-DN25 inyuswe kwisixhobo se-DN50, kunye nombhobho odibeneyo ohambelanayo isikhululo sikawonke-wonke singabelana nge-exhaust vent yombhobho wesixhobo; Ufakelo olukhulu, i-port ye-common material connection (UC) inokubonelelwa kwisixhobo. Izibuko loqhagamshelo kunye nevalve yokuphuma iya kubekwa kwindawo esezantsi nangaphezulu yesixhobo esithe nkqo okanye kwiziphelo zombini zecala lobude besixhobo esithe tye ngokulandelelanayo. Xa umbhobho wezinto eziqhelekileyo unokungcoliswa kukubuyela umva kolwelo, iivalvu zokutshekisha ziya kumiselwa ezantsi komjelo wesixhobo esiqhelekileyo sombhobho wevalufa esikiweyo.
Ukuqhagamshela: Ukusetwa okusisiseko kwevalve
Inkqubo yeChemical process yobuchwephesha kuyilo lwebhoyila yobushushu obuphantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nenkqubo yomphunga, inokubhekisa kumandla olawulo
Amalungiselelo afanelekileyo oBuphathiswa boShishino kunye noLwakhiwo lwaMandla:
Imigaqo yobuGcisa yoYilo lweMibhobho yamanzi e-Steam kwiZityalo zaMandla oMbane we-Thermal (DLGJ 233-81)
Inqaku le-7 ~ 7 1: I-Pg≥40 i-drainage yombhobho kunye namanzi kufuneka ibekwe ngokulandelelana kunye neevalve ezimbini zokumisa.
Inqaku lesi-7~8 1:Pg≥40 “kwisixhobo sokukhupha umoya sombhobho, iivalvu ezimbini zokumisa ziya kusetwa kuthotho.
Iyunithi yoxinzelelo lokucima yi-kg / cm2(itafile).
Xa usebenzisa, nceda uqaphele izibonelelo ze-*** version.
Ngeehydrocarbons, iikhemikhali eziyityhefu neziyingozi kunye nezinye izinto kunye nezinye izinto zodibaniso lwenkqubo yoqhagamshelo phezulu kunye nakwindawo yokukhupha umoya, umbhobho wokungenisa umoya usete iivalvu ezimbini, unokubhekisa kwiTheyibhuli 2.0.3
Itheyibhile 2.0.3 ubushushu kunye neemeko zoxinzelelo kwiivalvu ezimbini
Isikhululo semathiriyeli yoluntu (isikhululo sobunjineli sikawonke-wonke) Isikhululo semathiriyeli sikawonke-wonke (isikhululo esiqhelekileyo ngokufutshane) kumzimveliso wemichiza sinokusekwa ngokwendawo egubungela iradiyasi emalunga ne-15m, ngelixa isikhululo sikawonke-wonke esingaphandle kwendawo yesityalo sinokusekwa kwiimfuno zoyilo. Ukucaciswa kwevalve yokunqunyulwa kwendlela nganye ukusuka kwi-DN15 ukuya kwi-DN50 kuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zesixhobo.
Iivalve kunye nezixhobo zoluntu kwisikhululo zinokungahambelani ngabom, kwaye umyalelo weendaba kwisikhululo sikawonke-wonke kufuneka uhambelane, ukuze ugweme ukwanda kwengozi yendlela engalunganga kwimeko yongxamiseko.
Imibhobho yamanzi yezikhululo zikawonke-wonke zangaphandle kwiindawo ezibandayo inokwenziwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
(1) Isakhelo se-Multi-layer: ngokwevalve yokubeka umbhobho yesiqhelo, sinqumle kufuphi nomhlaba osezantsi kwaye usete ukudibanisa okukhawulezileyo, xa usebenzisa amanzi asuka kwivalve yamanzi ekufuphi. Ukuba umbhobho osisigxina kunye nevalve yokudonsa isetyenzisiweyo, ivalve yokukhupha i-valve kufuneka ibekwe kwivalve kakuhle.
(2) Kwindawo yetanki yokugcina okanye ukulayisha kunye neqonga lokukhulula, indawo yomthombo wevalve inokulungelelaniswa ngokufanelekileyo ngokubonisana nonikezelo lwamanzi kunye neengcali zokuhambisa amanzi, kwaye ivalve yonikezelo lwamanzi inokufumaneka kwivalve yomthombo.
(3) Ukugcinwa kobushushu ngombhobho womphunga.
Ukuze ulungelelanise ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ze-pneumatic zokugcinwa, i-diameter yombhobho kunye ne-valve yokunqunyulwa kombhobho womoya oxinzelelweyo kwisikhululo sikarhulumente unokunyuswa ngokufanelekileyo, umzekelo, i-DN25 inyuswe kwisixhobo se-DN50, kunye nombhobho odibeneyo ohambelanayo isikhululo sikawonke-wonke singabelana nge-exhaust vent yombhobho wesixhobo; Ufakelo olukhulu, i-port ye-common material connection (UC) inokubonelelwa kwisixhobo. Izibuko loqhagamshelo kunye nevalve yokuphuma iya kubekwa kwindawo esezantsi nangaphezulu yesixhobo esithe nkqo okanye kwiziphelo zombini zecala lobude besixhobo esithe tye ngokulandelelanayo. Xa umbhobho wezinto eziqhelekileyo unokungcoliswa kukubuyela umva kolwelo, iivalvu zokutshekisha ziya kumiselwa ezantsi komjelo wesixhobo esiqhelekileyo sombhobho wevalufa esikiweyo.
inqaba
Gcina uxinzelelo lomphunga kwi-condenser phezulu kwinqaba kangangoko kunokwenzeka njengoxinzelelo oluphezulu kwinqaba, ukuhla koxinzelelo lombhobho phezulu kwinqaba ukuya kubuncinci, ngaphandle koxinzelelo oluphezulu kwinqaba. iimfuno ezikhethekileyo zolawulo lwenkqubo, akukho valve yokunqunyulwa ibekwe kumbhobho ukusuka phezulu kwinqaba ukuya kwi-condenser. Umbhobho wokudibanisa phakathi kwe-reboiler (kubandakanywa ne-reboiler ephakathi) kunye nomzimba wenqaba awuyi kuxhotyiswa nge-valve yokuvala, ngaphandle kwezo zifunekayo ekulawuleni inkqubo okanye ukucoca ngexesha lokusebenza kwesixhobo.
Xa i-valve ifakwe kumbhobho wokudibanisa we-thermal siphon reboiler kunye nomzimba wenqaba, i-valve yesango enobubanzi obufanayo kunye nombhobho wokudibanisa uya kusetyenziswa. I-8-figure blind plate iya kufakwa phakathi kwe-valve kunye ne-reboiler, kwaye i-reboiler iya kuxhotyiswa ngeevalve zabo zokuhambisa, njengoko kuboniswe kwi-Figure 2.0.5-1. Kanye nge-thermal siphon uhlobo lwe-reboiler kufuneka ibe kwindawo yokungena ye-reboiler kunye ne-tower ezantsi yokukhupha izibuko phakathi kombhobho wokudibanisa kunye nokuvala ivalve,
Yintoni unobangela wokungathotywa kwevalufa?
Ivalve sisixhobo solawulo esiqhelekileyo esisetyenziswayo, kukho ivalve yokunqanda ukutyhakala kunye nevalve engeyiyo i-valve, ivalve idla ngokulawula ubungakanani bolwelo okanye irhasi yokuqukuqela kunye nokutshintsha, ukubola kwevalve sesinye sezizathu eziphambili zokungaphumeleli kwevalve, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokubola okanye unobangela womhlwa, ngokubanzi unokwahlulwa ube ziintlobo ezintandathu zomhlwa. Umhlwa yindlela yendalo neyilahleko yokufumana isinyithi kwintsimbi ekrwada yazo.
I-chemistry ye-corrosion igxininisa ukuphendulwa kwe-corrosion ye-M0M + i-electrons, apho i-M0 yintsimbi kunye ne-M isinyithi esilungileyo se-ionic, ngokude nje isinyithi (M0) sigcina ii-electron, uhlala isinyithi. Kungenjalo iya konakala. Amandla omzimba Amaxesha amaninzi amandla omzimba kunye neekhemikhali aya kusebenza kunye ukwenza ivalve ingaphumeleli. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziqhelekileyo zomhlwa, ubukhulu becala ezidlulayo. Indlela yokuxhathisa i-corrosion ngenxa yokwakheka kwefilimu engqingqwa ekhuselayo ekhuselayo kumphezulu wesinyithi. Emva koko izizathu zokungaphumeleli kwevalve zidweliswe ngezantsi ukwenza intshayelelo;
1, umhlwa womgodi
Umhlwa wendawo okanye imingxuma yenzeke xa ifilimu ekhuselayo itshatyalalisiwe okanye umaleko wemveliso ye-corrosion ubola. I-membrane igqabhuka ukwenza i-anode kunye ne-membrane engapheliyo okanye imveliso ye-corrosion isebenza njenge-cathode, ngokufanelekileyo ukudala isiphaluka esivaliweyo. Ezinye iintsimbi ezingenastainless kulula ukuzifaka kwi-ion ye-chloride. Ukonakala kwenzeka kumphezulu wentsimbi okanye kwiindawo ezirhabaxa kuba azinanto enye.
2, umhlwa ukukhuhlana
Ukususela kumandla omzimba wokugqoka kunye nokukrazula, isinyithi sichithwa ngokutshatyalaliswa kokukhusela. Isiphumo sixhomekeke ikakhulu kumandla kunye nesantya. Ukungcangcazela kakhulu okanye ukugoba kwentsimbi kunokuba neziphumo ezifanayo. I-Cavitation yindlela eqhelekileyo yepompo ye-corrosion, i-corrosion cracking yoxinzelelo, uxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye ne-corrosion atmosphere iya kubangela ukubola kwesinyithi. Xa ukunyanzeliswa koxinzelelo kwintsimbi yentsimbi kudlula isivuno sentsimbi phantsi komthwalo we-static, i-corrosion igxininise kwindawo yesenzo soxinzelelo, kwaye umphumo ubonisa ukubola kwendawo. Ekutshintsheni ukubola kwesinyithi kunye nokusekwa koxinzelelo oluphezulu lwamalungu, ukubola okunjalo kunokuphetshwa ngokunciphisa uxinzelelo kwangoko, okanye ukukhethwa kwezinto ezifanelekileyo zealloy kunye nezikimu zoyilo. Ukukhathala kokubola Sidla ngokunxulumanisa uxinzelelo olumileyo kunye nomhlwa.
3, umhlwa ubushushu obuphezulu
Ukuqikelela iziphumo ze-oxidation yobushushu obuphezulu, kufuneka sihlolisise ezi datha: ukubunjwa kwesinyithi, ukubunjwa kwe-atmospheric, ubushushu kunye nexesha lokuvezwa. Kodwa uninzi lwesinyithi olukhanyayo (ezo zikhaphukhaphu kuneeoksidi zazo) zenza umaleko weoksidi ongakhuseli oye ube ngqindilili ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye iwe. Ezinye iintlobo ze-corrosion ephezulu yokushisa ziquka i-vulcanization, i-carburization, njalo njalo.
4, umhlwa umsantsa
Oku kwenzeka kwizikhewu ezithintela ukusasazwa kweoksijini, ukudala iindawo eziphezulu kunye ne-oksijini ephantsi kunye nokudala umehluko ekugxininiseni isisombululo. Ngokukodwa, amalungu okanye iziphene ezidityanisiweyo ezidityanisiweyo zinokubonakala umsantsa omxinwa, ububanzi besithuba (ngokubanzi kwi-0.025 ~ 0.1mm) ngokwaneleyo ukwenza isisombululo se-electrolyte kwi-gap, isinyithi kunye nesinyithi ngaphandle komsantsa ukwenza iseli yegalvanic yesekethe emfutshane, kunye nomhlwa olomeleleyo wengingqi kwisithuba.
5, ukubola kombane
Xa iintsimbi ezimbini ezihlukeneyo zidibene kwaye zibonakaliswe kulwelo olonakalisayo kunye ne-electrolytes, zenza iiseli ze-galvanic, okwangoku kubangela ukuba isiqwenga se-anodic sidle kwaye sinyuse ngoku. I-Corrosion idla ngokubekwa kwindawo kufuphi nendawo yoqhagamshelwano. Ukunciphisa umhlwa kunokufezekiswa ngokubeka iintsimbi ezahlukeneyo.
6. I-Intergranular Corrosion
I-Intergranular corrosion ivela ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Isiphumo siphantse safana nokutshatyalaliswa kwepropathi yoomatshini ecaleni kwemida yentsimbi. I-Intergranular corrosion ye-austenitic stainless steel kwi-800 - 1500 ° F ixhomekeke kwii-agent ezininzi ezidliwayo (427 - 816 ° C) ngaphandle kokunyangwa kobushushu obufanelekileyo okanye ukuxhamla koqhagamshelwano. Lo mqathango unokupheliswa ngokugqitywa kwangaphambili kunye nokucima kwi-2000 ° F (1093 ° C) usebenzisa i-low-carbon stainless steel (C-0.03 Max) okanye i-niobium ezinzileyo okanye i-titanium.