Chii chinokonzera kukanganisa kwevhavha?

Chii chinokonzera kukanganisa kwevhavha?

Kuti uenderane nekushandiswa kwezvishandiso zvepneumatic zvekugadzirisa, iyo dhayamita yepombi uye yakachekwa-vhavha yepombi yakamanikidzwa yemhepo muchiteshi cheveruzhinji inogona kuwedzerwa zvakakodzera, semuenzaniso, DN25 inowedzerwa kuDN50 michina, uye iyo pombi yekubatanidza inoenderana ne chiteshi cheveruzhinji chinogona kugovaniswa nekubuda kwepombi yemidziyo; Nekuisirwa kwakakura, yakajairwa zvinhu zvekubatanidza port (UC) inogona kupihwa pamidziyo. Iyo yekubatanidza chiteshi uye vheji yekuvhuvhuta ichave iri pazasi uye nechepamusoro chikamu cheiyo yakatwasuka michina kana kumagumo ese ehurefu hwenzira yemidziyo yakachinjika zvichiteerana. Kana pombi yechinhu chakajairika ichigona kusvibiswa nekuyerera kwemvura yekudzokera shure, mavharuvhu ekutarisa anogadzikwa pasi pemvura yakajairwa pombi yekucheka-vharuvhu.
Kubatanidza: Basic setting yevhavha
Chemical process system inyanzvi mudhizaini yekumanikidza tsvina kupisa boiler uye steam system, inogona kureva kune iyo Executive simba
Zvikumbiro zvinoenderana neBazi reIndasitiri uye Power Construction Bureau:
Mitemo yeTekinoroji yeKugadzira Mapombi eMvura yeMvura muMagetsi Emagetsi Anopisa (DLGJ 233-81)
Chisungo 7~7 1: Pg≥40 pombi yemvura uye mvura inofanira kuiswa mumutsara nemavharuvhu maviri ekumira.
Chisungo 7~8 1:Pg≥40 "yemudziyo wepombi yepombi, mavharuvhu maviri ekumira achaiswa munhevedzano.
Iyo unit ye ​​off pressure ndeye kg / cm2 (tafura).
Paunenge uchishandisa, ndapota teerera kune zvakapihwa zve *** vhezheni.
Kune mahydrocarbons, makemikari ane chepfu uye anokuvadza uye zvimwe zvinhu uye zvimwe zvinhu zvekugadzira zvinongedzo kumusoro uye pamhepo, pombi yemhepo yakaseta mavharuvhu maviri, inogona kureva Tafura 2.0.3
Tafura 2.0.3 tembiricha uye kumanikidzwa mamiriro maviri mavharuvhu
Public material station (public engineering station) Iyo yeruzhinji chiteshi (yakajairika chiteshi kwenguva pfupi) muchirimwa chemakemikari inogona kumisikidzwa zvichienderana nenzvimbo inofukidza radius inosvika gumi nemashanu, nepo chiteshi cheveruzhinji kunze kwenzvimbo yechirimwa chinogona kumisikidzwa maererano. kune zvinodiwa zvekugadzira. Iyo yakachekwa-yevhavha yekumisikidzwa yepakati yega yega kubva kuDN15 kusvika kuDN50 zvinoenderana nehunhu hwechishandiso.
Mavharuvhu nemajoini emidziyo yeruzhinji pachiteshi anogona kusawirirana nemaune, uye kurongeka kwevezvenhau muchiteshi chega chega cheveruzhinji kunofanirwa kuenderana, kuitira kudzivirira kuwedzera kwetsaona yesvikiro risiri iro pakaitika njodzi.
Mapombi emvura ezviteshi zveveruzhinji zvekunze munzvimbo dzinotonhora anogona kuitwa sezvinotevera:
(1) Multi-layer furemu: zvinoenderana neyakajairwa pombi yekumisa vharafu, cheka padyo nepasi pasi uye isa kukurumidza kubatana, paunenge uchishandisa mvura kubva pavharuvhu yemvura iri pedyo. Kana pombi yakagadziriswa uye vharafu yemvura inoshandiswa, iyo valve yekudhonza inofanira kunge iri muvhavha zvakanaka.
(2) Munzvimbo yekuchengetera tangi kana kurodha uye kuburitsa chikuva, nzvimbo yevhavha tsime inogona kugadziridzwa zvakanaka kuburikidza nekubvunzurudza nekupa mvura uye nyanzvi dzemvura, uye vheji yemvura inogona kuwanikwa muvhavha zvakanaka.
(3) Kuchengetedza kupisa nehutsi pombi.
Kuti uenderane nekushandiswa kwezvishandiso zvepneumatic zvekugadzirisa, iyo dhayamita yepombi uye yakachekwa-vhavha yepombi yakamanikidzwa yemhepo muchiteshi cheveruzhinji inogona kuwedzerwa zvakakodzera, semuenzaniso, DN25 inowedzerwa kuDN50 michina, uye iyo pombi yekubatanidza inoenderana ne chiteshi cheveruzhinji chinogona kugovaniswa nekubuda kwepombi yemidziyo; Nekuisirwa kwakakura, yakajairwa zvinhu zvekubatanidza port (UC) inogona kupihwa pamidziyo. Iyo yekubatanidza chiteshi uye vheji yekuvhuvhuta ichave iri pazasi uye nechepamusoro chikamu cheiyo yakatwasuka michina kana kumagumo ese ehurefu hwenzira yemidziyo yakachinjika zvichiteerana. Kana pombi yechinhu chakajairika ichigona kusvibiswa nekuyerera kwemvura yekudzokera shure, mavharuvhu ekutarisa anogadzikwa pasi pemvura yakajairwa pombi yekucheka-vharuvhu.
tower
Chengetedza kunyungudika kwemhepo mu condenser pamusoro peshongwe zvakanyanya sezvinobvira zvakafanana nekumanikidza kuri pamusoro peshongwe, kudonhedza kudonhedza kwepombi pamusoro peshongwe kusvika padiki, kunze kwekunge zvakakosha zvinodiwa zvekutonga kwemaitiro, hapana vharafu yekucheka inoiswa papombi kubva kumusoro kweshongwe kusvika kune condenser. Iyo pombi yekubatanidza pakati peiyo reboiler (kusanganisira yepakati reboiler) uye shongwe yemuviri haingave yakashongedzerwa nevhavha yakachekwa, kunze kweiyo inodiwa pakudzora maitiro kana kuchenesa panguva yekushanda kwechigadzirwa.
Kana chivharo chikaiswa papombi yekubatanidza ye thermal siphon reboiler uye shongwe yemuviri, gedhi regedhi rine dhayamita rakafanana sepombi yekubatanidza ichashandiswa. Iyo 8-nhamba yebofu ndiro ichaiswa pakati pevhavha neiyo reboiler, uye reboiler ichave yakashongedzerwa nemavharuvhu avo emvura, sezvakaratidzwa muMufananidzo 2.0.5-1. Kamwe kuburikidza nekupisa siphon mhando reboiler inofanirwa kunge iri mune reboiler zvinhu inlet uye shongwe yepasi yekuburitsa chiteshi pakati pekubatanidza pombi uye yekumisa vharafu,
Chii chinokonzera kukanganisa kwevhavha?
Vhuru inowanzoshandiswa kudzora midziyo, pane anticorrosive vharafu uye asiri anticorrosive vharafu, vharafu kazhinji kudzora kukura mvura kana gasi kuyerera mwero uye chinja, vharafu ngura ndechimwe chezvikonzero zvikuru vharafu kukundikana, pane akati wandei mafomu ngura kana. chikonzero chekuora, kazhinji chinogona kukamurwa kuita nhanhatu mafomu ekuora. Corrosion ndiyo yakasikwa uye inoparadza nzira yekupinza simbi muore dzavo.
Kemikari yekuora inosimbisa maitiro ekutanga ekuora kweM0M + maerekitironi, apo M0 isimbi uye M isimbi yakanaka ionic, chero bedzi simbi (M0) inoramba iine maerekitironi, anoramba ari simbi. Zvikasadaro ichaora. Masimba emuviri Kazhinji yenguva masimba emuviri neemakemikari anozoshanda pamwechete kuita kuti vharuvhu ikundikane. Kune akawanda akajairika mhando dzecorrosion, kunyanya kupindirana. Iyo corrosion resistance mechanism inokonzerwa nekuumbwa kwefirimu gobvu rekudzivirira corrosion pamusoro pesimbi. Zvino zvikonzero zvekutadza kuparara kwevharuvhu zvakanyorwa pazasi kuita sumo;
1, iyo gomba ngura
Kuora kwepanzvimbo kana gomba kunoitika kana firimu rekudzivirira raparadzwa kana kuti ngura yechigadzirwa chakaora. Iyo membrane inoputika kuita anode uye iyo isina kuputika membrane kana corrosion chigadzirwa chinoshanda se cathode, zvinobudirira kugadzira dunhu rakavharwa. Mamwe masimbi asina tsvina ari nyore kupinza pamberi peioni yechloride. Corrosion inoitika panzvimbo dzesimbi kana mativi akaomarara nekuti aya haana homogeneous.
2, friction corrosion
Kubva kumasimba emuviri ekupfeka uye kubvarura, simbi inonyungudutswa kuburikidza nekudzivirira kwekudzivirira. Mhedzisiro yacho inoenderana zvakanyanya nesimba uye nekukurumidza. Kudengenyeka kwakanyanya kana kukotama kwesimbi kunogona kuve nemhedzisiro yakafanana. Cavitation inzira yakajairika yepombi yecorrosion, kushungurudza corrosion kuputika, kushushikana kwakanyanya uye mhepo inoparadza zvinokonzeresa simbi. Kana kushushikana kwesimbi pamusoro pesimbi kunodarika goho resimbi pasi pe static load, iyo corrosion inotarisa pane nzvimbo yekushungurudzika kwekuita, uye chigumisiro chinoratidza kuparara kwenzvimbo. Mukuchinjanisa ngura yesimbi uye kumisikidzwa kwekunyanya kushushikana kwezvikamu, kukora kwakadaro kunogona kudzivirirwa nekutanga kudzoreredza kusagadzikana, kana kusarudzwa kweakakodzera alloy zvinhu uye zvirongwa zvekugadzira. Corrosion kuneta Isu tinowanzo batanidza static kusagadzikana nekuora.
3, kupisa kwekushisa kwepamusoro
Kufanotaura mhedzisiro yekukwira kwekushisa oxidation, tinoda kuongorora idzi data: kuumbwa kwesimbi, kuumbwa kwemhepo, tembiricha uye nguva yekuratidzwa. Asi simbi zhinji dzakareruka (idzo dzakareruka kupfuura maokisi adzo) dzinogadzira isingadziviriri oxide layer iyo inokora nekufamba kwenguva uye inodonha. Mamwe mafomu ekupisa kwekushisa kwepamusoro anosanganisira vulcanization, carburization, zvichingodaro.
4, gap corrosion
Izvi zvinoitika mumakapu anovharisa kupararira kweokisijeni, zvichigadzira nzvimbo dzepamusoro uye dzakaderera okisijeni uye kugadzira mutsauko mukugadziriswa kwemhinduro. Zvikurukuru, majoini kana welded majoini kuremara angaratidzika nhete gwanza, gwanza upamhi (kazhinji muna 0.025 ~ 0.1mm) zvakakwana kuita electrolyte mhinduro kupinda pakakoromoka, simbi uye simbi kunze pakakoromoka kuumba pfupi redunhu galvanic sero, uye simba renzvimbo ngura mugomba.
5, ngura yemagetsi
Kana simbi mbiri dzakasiyana dzichisangana uye dzakafumurwa kune zvinoora zvinwiwa uye maelectrolyte, achigadzira galvanic masero, iripo inokonzeresa kuti chidimbu cheanodic chiparare uye kuwedzera ikozvino. Corrosion inowanzogara pedyo nenzvimbo yekubata. Kudzikiswa kwekuora kunogona kuwanikwa nekuisa simbi dzakasiyana.
6. Intergranular corrosion
Intergranular corrosion inoitika nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana. Mhedzisiro yacho inenge yakafanana mechanical kuparadzwa kwemidziyo pamwe nesimbi yezviyo miganhu. Intergranular corrosion of austenitic stainless steel pa 800 - 1500 ° F inozviisa pasi pezvizhinji zvinopisa (427 - 816 ° C) pasina kupisa kwakakodzera kurapwa kana kubata sensitization. Chirwere ichi chinogona kupedzwa nepre-annealing uye kudzimwa pa2000°F (1093°C) uchishandisa low-carbon stainless steel (C-0.03 Max) kana stabilized niobium kana titanium.