Mphamvu ya nyundo yamadzi ya valavu Imayambitsa chifukwa ndi yankho la kuchuluka kwa ma valve oyendetsa magetsi!

Mphamvu ya nyundo yamadzi ya valavu Imayambitsa chifukwa ndi yankho la kuchuluka kwa ma valve oyendetsa magetsi!

"Madzi nyundo Mmene ” amatanthauza kuti pamene valavu yotseguka imatsekedwa mwadzidzidzi, chifukwa cha inertia ya kuthamanga Kuthamanga kwa madzi, Kuthamanga kwa madzi kudzapangidwa ndipo kuwonongeka kudzapangidwa. Ichi ndi "Water hammer effect" mu hydrology, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti nyundo yabwino ya Madzi. M'malo mwake, valavu yotsekedwa ikatsegulidwa mwadzidzidzi, idzatulutsanso nyundo yamadzi, yotchedwa nyundo yamadzi yopanda pake, ndipo pali kupuma kwina.
Zotsatira za Nyundo Yamadzi
Zimatanthawuza pamene valavu yotseguka imatsekedwa mwadzidzidzi, chifukwa cha inertia ya kuthamanga kwa madzi othamanga, kugwedezeka kwa madzi othamanga kudzapangidwa, ndipo chiwonongeko chidzapangidwa. Uwu ndiye "nyundo yamadzi" mu hydrology, yomwe ndi nyundo yabwino yamadzi.
M'malo mwake, valavu yotsekedwa ikatsegulidwa mwadzidzidzi, idzatulutsanso nyundo yamadzi, yotchedwa nyundo yamadzi yoipa, yomwe ilinso ndi mphamvu zina zowononga, koma osati zazikulu monga zakale.
Nthawi zambiri, chinthu chotseka chimakokedwa mwadzidzidzi pampando pomwe valavu ikuyandikira kutseka, yotchedwa solution cylinder latching effect.
Mphamvu ya cylinder latching imayambitsidwa ndi chowongolera chotsika chomwe sichikhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira kuti chikhale pafupi ndi mpando, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pampu kapena valavu kuzimitsidwa mwadzidzidzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nyundo yamadzi iwonongeke. Kwa ma valve owongolera, nthawi zina, mawonekedwe othamanga othamanga amathanso kuyambitsa nyundo yamadzi.
Ngakhale nyundo yamadzi imapanga phokoso lalikulu, kuwonongeka kwenikweni kumayambitsidwa ndi kulephera kwa makina. Chifukwa cha kusintha kofulumira kuchokera ku mphamvu ya kinetic kupita ku kuthamanga kwa mzere wosasunthika, nyundo yamadzi imatha kupyola mzere kapena kuwononga chithandizo cha chitoliro ndikuwononga mgwirizano wa mzere. Kwa ma valve, nyundo yamadzi imatha kuyambitsa kugwedezeka kwakukulu kudzera mu spool, zomwe zingayambitse kulephera kwa spool, gasket kapena kulongedza.
Kwa ma valve, chitetezo ku nyundo yamadzi ndikuletsa kusintha kulikonse kwadzidzidzi kwadongosolo.
Izi zikuphatikizapo kuchepetsa kutseka kwa valve yokha kapena kupereka kupanikizika kwakukulu ndi kukhazikika pamene chinthu chotseka chikuyandikira mpando. Pofuna kupewa kusinthasintha kwamphamvu, valve iyenera kutsekedwa pa liwiro lofanana. Nthawi zina, mukamagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe otseguka mwachangu, mutha kupempha kuti gawo lofanana lisinthidwe. Kwa ma valve owongolera omwe amayenera kugwedezeka ali pafupi ndi mpando, ma actuators okhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira zotulutsa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, monga ma piston pneumatic actuators kapena ma hydraulic actuators, kapena ma notche apadera pamanja a oyendetsa pamanja omwe angachepetse kapena kuletsa kutseka kwa silinda. Mtundu wina wa chitetezo chotsutsana ndi mafunde pamapaipi amathanso kuchepetsa nyundo zamadzi. Izi zitha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito valavu yopumira kapena mbiya ya buffer. Kuphatikiza apo, gasi amatha kubayidwa m'dongosolo, zomwe zimachepetsa kachulukidwe kamadzimadzi ndikupereka kupsinjika kuti athe kuthana ndi kusinthasintha kulikonse.
Ma valve oyendetsa magetsi amadzaza zifukwa ndi mayankho! Vavu yamagetsi actuator yochulukira zifukwa: choyamba, magetsi ndi otsika, osati torque yofunika, kotero kuti galimoto imasiya kuzungulira; Chachiwiri, ndikulakwitsa kusintha makina opangira torque, kuti ikhale yayikulu kuposa torque yoyimitsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale torque yopitilira muyeso, kotero kuti mota imasiya kuzungulira; Chachitatu ndikugwiritsa ntchito pakanthawi, kupulumutsa kutentha, kuposa injini yololedwa
Zifukwa zochulukitsira ma valve oyendetsa magetsi:
Choyamba, magetsi ndi otsika, osati torque yofunika, kotero kuti galimoto imasiya kuzungulira;
Chachiwiri, ndikulakwitsa kusintha makina opangira torque, kuti ikhale yayikulu kuposa torque yoyimitsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale torque yopitilira muyeso, kotero kuti mota imasiya kuzungulira;
Katatu ndikugwiritsa ntchito pakanthawi, kupulumutsa kutentha, kuposa kukwera kovomerezeka kwa injini;
Chachinayi, pazifukwa zina, kulephera kwa torque kumalepheretsa kuzungulirako, kotero kuti torqueyo ndi yayikulu kwambiri;
Chachisanu, ntchito yozungulira kutentha kwambiri, wachibale ndi galimoto kutentha mphamvu kuchepa.
M'mbuyomu, ma fuse, ma relay opitilira muyeso, ma relay otenthetsera ndi ma thermostats amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza ma mota, koma njirazi zili ndi zabwino ndi zovuta. Palibe njira yotetezeka komanso yodalirika yotetezera zipangizo zamagetsi ndi katundu wosinthasintha. Choncho, m'pofunika kutenga zosiyanasiyana kuphatikiza, mwachidule m'njira ziwiri: mmodzi ndi kuweruza kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa kwa galimoto athandizira panopa; Chachiwiri ndikuweruza injini yokha. Njira ziwirizi, ziribe kanthu momwe mungaganizire kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwa injini kupatsidwa malire a nthawi.
Mwambiri, chitetezo choyambirira pakuchulukirachulukira ndi:
1. Kugwira ntchito mosalekeza kwa injini kapena ntchito yoteteza mochulukira, pogwiritsa ntchito thermostat;
2. Thermal relay imagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa chitetezo chamoto;
3. Pangozi yafupipafupi, gwiritsani ntchito fuse kapena overcurrent relay.
Valve electric actuator ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri kuti muzindikire kuwongolera pulogalamu ya valve, kuwongolera zokha komanso kuwongolera kutali. Mayendedwe ake amatha kuyendetsedwa ndi sitiroko, torque kapena axial thrust. Kusankha kolondola kwa chipangizo chamagetsi cha valve ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti tipewe kuchulukirachulukira (makokedwe ogwirira ntchito apamwamba kuposa torque yowongolera).