Iri bepa rinosuma zvinodikanwa uye kushandiswa kwesimbi chisimbiso butterfly vharafu mune yakaderera tembiricha vharafu
Nekukurumidza kusimudzira kweindasitiri yemazuva ano petrochemical, marasha kemikari indasitiri uye indasitiri yefiriji, kushandiswa kwevharuvhu yekushisa kwakadzika kunowedzera, kuyerwa kuri kuwedzera. Naizvozvo, iko kwakaringana uye zvine musoro kushandiswa kweyakadzika tembiricha vharafu kunokonzera kutarisa kwevanhu. Kushandiswa kwemavharuvhu ekushisa kwakadzika kuwedzera kune kushandiswa kwakawanda kwemavharuvhu, kune zvimwe zvakakosha zvinodiwa kuti uteerere.
Mavharuvhu eCryogenic anowanzoreva mavharuvhu anoshanda patembiricha yakaderera kupfuura -29 ° C. Mamwe mavharuvhu e-cryogenic anogona kutakura magasi ane liquefied (akadai senitrogen, okisijeni uye gasi rechisikigo) patembiricha yakaderera se -196 ° C uye achiri kuona kushanda kwakajairika.
With the decrease of the temperature of the working medium, the material and structure of the low temperature valve used are different from the conventional universal valve, especially the temperature valve (t Nekuderera kwekushisa kwesvikiro rekushanda, zvinhu uye chimiro chevhavha yekushisa yakadzika inoshandiswa zvakasiyana kubva kune yakajairwa universal valve, kunyanya tembiricha valve (t Kuti kuderedze kupisa kunoyerera kune zvikamu zvekuvhara kubva kunze, zvikamu zvekushanda zvinofanira kubviswa kubva mumuviri wakavharidzirwa. Saka mutsipa webhoneti yevhavha ye cryogenic yakareba kwazvo. ** Ivhavha yekushisa inoshandiswa pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akaoma kubva kunze kwekushisa kusvika kune kupisa. Uye rinodaro pasina kukanganisa. Kuiswa chisimbiso chechikamu chekuvhara kunowanzo kuvimbiswa neinodiwa yekubata kumanikidza yakaumbwa painovhara chisimbiso, asi kana simba redhishi rekutumira rakagadziriswa, simba remhete yekuisa chisimbiso rinogona kunge rakasiyana mukushanda kwekushisa kwekushanda, hongu, iyo kuita kwechisimbiso chemhete, kunyanya kuita kwe polymeric zvinhu kwakasiyana. Naizvozvo, vharafu inodziya ine zvinodiwa zvakasimba pamhete yekuisa chisimbiso, kazhinji sarudza hard alloy (STL) zvinhu zviri nani.
Iyo tembiricha vharafu inogumira pakuvhura kumhanya kwekuvhara. Pasinei nezviyero zveadiabatic, kuchine kupisa kunoyerera muhuwandu hushoma, zvichiita kuti pave nekuumbwa kwechikamu chemvura mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzegadziriro. Nokudaro, kana vharuvhu yakazarurwa nokukurumidza, mvura yacho inogona kuwana kukurumidza kukuru, kana uchingosangana nezvipingamupinyi kana kushorwa sevhavha inobudisa kuvhuvhuta kwemvura, iyo inofanira kubhadharwa mukushandiswa.
Inowanzo shandiswa tekinoroji yefiriji, iyo yepakati initrogen kana freon refrigerant, yakapfuura inowanzoshandiswa cast iron valve, iyo inoshanda tembiricha iri pakati -28 ~ 150 ℃, ikozvino inoshandisa zvishoma, asi vharafu ine ferritic ductile iron ine maitiro ari kukura. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti ferritic ductile iron ine zvirinani kukanganisa kuomarara, kupfeka kuramba uye kushomeka kwemarara.
General kabhoni simbi (WCB) zvinhu vharafu, kushandiswa kwayo tembiricha -29 ~ 150 ℃; Kune zvakare yakaderera tembiricha kabhoni simbi (LCB, LC1, LC2), yayo shoma basa tembiricha iri -46 ~ -73 ℃; Austenitic Stainless simbi (304, 316) inoshanda yakanakisa yeyakadzika tembiricha yekudzivirira simbi, hushoma hwesevhisi tembiricha iri pazasi -196 ℃, vamwe -254 ℃.
General yakadzika tembiricha yevharuvhu yekuvhara zvikamu, kusarudzwa kwesimbi seal valve chigaro pamutumbi wevharuvhu, kusarudzwa kwefluorine plastiki (F4) pavharuvhu disc, hapana chakakosha chinodiwa muchimiro uye yakajairwa universal valve inenge yakafanana. Kusarudzwa kunonzwisisika maererano nekushisa uye nepakati.
Cryogenic valve, ingotarisa maitiro ekushanda evhavha yekushisa. Inogona kuiswa mune chero nzvimbo mukati meiyo incubator, asi bhokisi rekuisa, mashandiro ekushandisa (gumbo reruoko, wrench) uye chiratidzo chevhavha disc kusimudza chinzvimbo chinofanira kuiswa kunze kweiyo incubator. Nyore kushanda uye kutsiva kurongedza. Mavharuvhu mazhinji anoiswa netsinde yakatambarara. Kune mavharuvhu emagetsi anodziya, hunde yevharuvhu inofanira kuiswa yakatwasuka.
Mamiriro ekushanda ekutakura chigadziro pakupisa kwakadzika kwakaoma zvikuru, nokuti kurongedza kuri nyore kurasikirwa nekunyungudika, kamwe chete nekuda kwekuputika kwepakati pekuputika, tsinde yakaomeswa nechando, inotungamirira kune yakanamatira phenomenon, valve haigoni kuzarura uye kuvhara kazhinji. Kuti uvandudze mamiriro ekushanda echigadzirwa chekutakura, baffle yekushisa inogona kuiswa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuvharidzirwa kwekutakura. Izvi zvinonyanya mukugadzira kuwedzera hurefu hwe stem. Iyo baffle inogadzirwa nezvinhu zvisiri-metallic ine yakaderera thermal conductivity (jira, tepi, nezvimwewo) kuitira kuti kurasikirwa kwekupisa kwebhokisi rekutakura kuderedzwa zvakanyanya. Neimwe nzira, mudziyo wekutakura wakashongedzwa uye svikiro rine tembiricha inokwana kuchengetedza kugona kwekushanda kwechigadzirwa chekutakura chinofambiswa munzvimbo yakaumbwa. BASA RWO NDEKUGADZIRA vharafu kubva pakadzika tembiricha kuenda kunzvimbo yekushanda ine tembiricha yekushisa, panzvimbo yekushanda uye kunze kwenzvimbo yekushanda, mhepo yemhepo inenge iri mune imwe inogona kuita kuti gasi rakasvibiswa risisina mvura uye rinodzokera tembiricha yegesi.
KUSVIRWA kweMhepo kunogaro Vhura NGUVA DZOSE, ZVINOGONA KUTAURA NEIMWE magumo Evhavha KANA NEImwe magumo, kuitira kuti kana tembiricha yemhepo ikakwira, hapazove nenjodzi yakakwira.
Nemhaka yokuti zvikamu zvevharuvhu zvinowanzogadzirwa uye kuedzwa pakupisa kwekamuri, uye kushanda pasi pemamiriro ekushisa kwakadzika, zvikamu zvakasiyana zvichabudisa kuwedzera kwakasiyana uye kupesana nekushanduka kwekushisa, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakananga basa revhavha, iro rinofanira kubhadharwa. kune uye kunzwisisa mukushandiswa.
Kudzikira tembiricha mavharuvhu anoshandisa zvakasiyana siyana, zvinhu zvakajairika: senge kabhoni simbi (WCB) inova brittle sezvo tembiricha inodzikira. Zvinhu zvinonyanya kushandiswa zvekusarudza ndezvi: austenitic simbi isina tsvina, ndarira, uye mhangura-nickel alloys, iyo yose isina-brittle uye inogona kushandiswa zvakanaka. Chiitiko chinoratidza kuti austenitic Stainless simbi, bhuronzi uye Cu-Ni alloy ndiyo yakanakisa zvinhu zvekuomarara uye kusimba. Saka zvimwe zvikamu zvakakosha zveyakadzika tembiricha vharafu, senge: globe vharafu, kuchengetedza vharafu, regulating vharafu, cheki vharafu uye zvichingodaro, sarudza rudzi urwu rwezvinhu.
Chiitiko chekugadzira chinotiudza kuti kunyangwe kune austenitic Stainless simbi, bhuronzi uye COPper-nickel alloy, kana zvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa zvisina kubatwa zvakanaka nekushisa kwakadzika, kana vharuvhu ichishandiswa pakupisa kwakadzika, zvikamu zvemukati zvichange zvichiremara nekuda kwechikamu chemidziyo. shanduko inokonzerwa nekushisa kwakadzika, zvichiita kuti valve leakage.
Mukusangana kwevharuvhu yekushisa yakadzika, nekuda kwezvakasiyana zvinhu zveflange yekubatanidza gaskets, mabhaudhi ekubatanidza uye zvikamu zvekubatanidza, chibvumirano pakati pezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana hachizowiriraniswa, zvichikonzera kuzorora uye kubuda. Naizvozvo, iyo yakaderera tembiricha vharafu, kunyanya yakaderera tembiricha vharafu rinoshandiswa pazasi -196 ℃, yayo yekubatanidza nzira yakanakisisa kushandisa welding connection.
Yakadzika tembiricha vharafu inotakura gasket, iyo yakawanda yeF4, nekuda kwekunaka kwayo yekuzvizora, friction coefficient idiki, uye ine yakasarudzika kugadzikana kwemakemikari. Naizvozvo, iyo inoshandiswa nehurumende, asi F4 zvakare ine zvikanganiso, imwe inotonhora kuyerera kwemaitiro yakakura, imwe yacho mutsara wekuwedzera coefficient yakakura, inotonhora shrinkage pakudziya kwakaderera kunotungamirira kudonha, zvichikonzera kuwanda kweicing. pahunde, kuti vharafu kuvhura kukundikana. Nokudaro, inongoshandiswa chete mumamiriro ekushisa kwakadzika. Kana mamiriro ekushisa, anofanira kusarudza anochinjika graphite yakarukwa filler, kana Stainless simbi uye inochinjika graphite inomonereka pad. Imwe yakaderera tembiricha vharafu mukushanda, kazhinji anowanikwa kuti kutapurirana chikamu vharafu kuitika kunamira. The occlusal phenomenon inoitika nguva nenguva. Zvikonzero zvikuru ndezvi: kusarudzwa kusinganzwisisike kwezvinhu zvakapetwa, diki diki rakachengeterwa gomba rinotonhora, uye machining echokwadi. Kana matambudziko akafanana akawanikwa mukugadzirisa kwekushandisa, anofanirwa kuiswa kune mutengesi munguva yekuvandudza dhizaini yekugadzira uye kutsiva yakakodzera kubereka (bushing) zvinhu.
Zvimwe zvinodiwa kune yakaderera tembiricha mavharuvhu zvakafanana kwakajairika mavharuvhu.
Izvo zvinodikanwa uye kushandiswa kwesimbi chisimbiso butterfly vharafu mune yakaderera tembiricha vharafu
Nekukurumidza kukura kwehupfumi uye teknolojia yemaindasitiri, iyo inogara ichichinja yakakwirira uye nyowani tekinoroji uye kudiwa kwevanhu kwemavharuvhu, indasitiri yevharuvhu iri kutarisana nematambudziko makuru nemikana. Kunyanya kushandiswa kwevhavhavhavhavha mumhepo yakadzika yekushisa, kunze kwekusangana nekushanda kwevhavhavha yakazara pakupisa kwekamuri, chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuvimbika kwevhavhavhavha pakupisa kwakadzika, kushanduka kwechiito uye zvimwe zvakakosha zvinodiwa yakaderera tembiricha vharafu.
Butterfly valve ine compact structure, duku vhoriyamu, chiedza uremu (zvichifananidzwa nekudzvinyirira kwakafanana, saizi yegedhi vharafu inogona kuderedza 40% ~ 50%) kupikisa kwemvura, kuvhura nekuvhara nekukurumidza uye mutsara wezvakanakira, saka tora kushandiswa kwe.
Asi mune imwe yakadzika tembiricha midziyo, senge gasi liquefaction midziyo, mhepo yekuparadzanisa midziyo uye pressure swing adsorption midziyo inoshandiswa muindasitiri yemakemikari inopfuura 80% kana globe vharafu kana gedhi vharafu, butterfly vharafu idiki. Chikonzero chikuru ndechekuti simbi yesimbi seal butterfly valve ine kusavharika kwekuita zvakanaka pakudziya kwakaderera, uye zvimwe zvikonzero zvakaita sechimiro chisinganzwisisike chinokonzera kudonha kwepakati mukati uye kubuda kwekunze, kunokanganisa zvakanyanya kuchengetedzeka uye kushanda kwakajairika kwemidziyo iyi yekudziya yakaderera uye haigone. kusangana nezvinodiwa zvemidziyo yekushisa yakaderera.
Zvinoenderana nekuenderera mberi kwekuvandudzwa kwemidziyo yekushisa yakadzika munyika yedu, chinodiwa chevhavha yekushisa yakaderera chiri kuwedzera zuva nezuva. Naizvozvo, simbi yekuisa chisimbiso vharafu yakagadziridzwa, uye butterfly vharuvhu yetatu-eccentric simbi yakachena ine yakakwirira yekuvharisa kuita yakagadziridzwa. Iri shavishavi vharuvhu rinogona kugutsa zvarinoda zvisinei kuti svikiro rinopisa kana tembiricha yakaderera.
Kubatanidza nemaitiro ayo ekugadzirisa, iyo yakaderera tembiricha kuita inongounzwa.
Chekutanga, yakaderera tembiricha disc vharafu chisimbiso kuita zvinodiwa:
Pane zvikonzero zviviri zvakakosha zvekudzikisa tembiricha vharafu leakage, imwe ndeyemukati leakage; Yechipiri ndiyo leakage.
1) Ivhavha inobudisa mukati mukati
Chikonzero chikuru ndechekuti pair yekuisa chisimbiso inoremara pakudziya kwakaderera.
Kana tembiricha yepakati inodonha kune shanduko yechikamu inokonzerwa nekuchinja kwevhoriyamu, kuitira kuti iyo yepakutanga yekukuya chaiyo yekuisa chisimbiso pamusoro warping deformation zvichikonzera murombo yakaderera tembiricha chisimbiso. Isu takaita yakaderera tembiricha bvunzo paDN250 vharafu. Iyo yepakati imvura nitrogen (-196 ℃) uye butterfly plate zvinhu ndeye 1Cr18Ni9Ti (isina yakaderera tembiricha kurapwa). Inowanikwa kuti warp-deformation yekuisa chisimbiso pamusoro inenge 0.12mm, ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekudonha kwemukati.
Ivhavhavhavhavha yeshavishavi ichangobva kugadzirwa inochinjwa kubva mundege chisimbiso kuenda kuconical chisimbiso. Chigaro chine chiso chakavharika chakavharika, uye denderedzwa elastic sealing rin'i yakamisikidzwa mundiro yeshavishavi kuti iite peya inosunga. Iyo chisimbiso mhete inogona kuyangarara radially mu disc groove. Kana vharuvhu yakavharwa, mhete yekuisa chisimbiso inotanga kusangana neakisi ipfupi yeelliptic sealing surface, uye nekutenderera kwechisimbiso chevhavha, mhete yekuisa chisimbiso inosundirwa mukati zvishoma nezvishoma, ichimanikidza mhete elastic kuti ibatane neakisi refu ye iyo oblique conical surface, inozopedzisira yatungamirira kune yakazara kusangana pakati pe elastic sealing ring uye elliptic sealing surface. Kuiswa chisimbiso chayo kunowanikwa ne deformation ye elastic ring.
Naizvozvo, kana muviri kana butterfly ndiro yakaremara pakudziya kwakadzika, inotorwa uye kubhadharwa neiyo elastic sealing mhete, uye haizoburitse kuvuza uye kunamatira chiitiko. Iyi elastic deformation inonyangarika pakarepo kana vharuvhu yavhurwa, uye hapana kunyanya kupesana mukuvhura nekuvhara maitiro, saka hupenyu hwesevhisi hurefu.
2) kubuda kwevhavha.
Chekutanga ndechekuti kana vharafu nepombi zvabatanidzwa nemaflanges, kudonha kunokonzerwa nekuzorodza kwepadhi yekubatanidza, bhaudhi yekubatanidza, uye zvikamu zvekubatanidza izvo zvinodzikira kunze kwekuenderana pakati pezvinhu pakudziya kwakaderera. Naizvozvo, isu takashandura nzira yekubatanidza yevharuvhu yemuviri uye pombi kubva kune flange yekubatanidza kune welding chimiro kudzivirira kuderera kwekushisa.
Yechipiri ndeyekudonha kwehunde uye kurongedza. Muzhinji, mavharuvhu akawanda ekutakura anoshandisa F4, nekuda kwekuita kwayo kwakanaka kwekuita-sliding, diki friction coefficient (friction coefficient of steel f = 0.05 ~ 0.1), uye ine yakasarudzika kugadzikana kwemakemikari, saka yakashandiswa.
Zvisinei, F4 inewo zvikanganiso. Kutanga, kutonhora kuyerera kwemaitiro makuru; Chechipiri, iyo coefficient yekuwedzera kwemutsara yakakura, zvichiita kuti kutonhora shrinkage kuvuza pakudzika kwakadzika, zvichiita kuti nhamba huru yeicing pahunde, kuita kuti valve ivhure kukundikana. Iyo yakadzika-tembiricha butterfly vharafu yakagadziridzwa nekuda kweichi chinangwa inotora yega-kunyura chisimbiso chimiro, ndiko kuti, inogona kuvharira pane ese ari maviri tembiricha uye yakaderera tembiricha kuburikidza nemukaha wakasiiwa nekutora mukana weiyo yakakura yekuwedzera coefficient yeF4.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-19-2022
