Daim ntawv no qhia txog qhov yuav tsum tau ua thiab daim ntawv thov ntawm cov hlau foob npauj npaim valve hauv qhov kub thiab txias

Daim ntawv no qhia txog qhov yuav tsum tau ua thiab daim ntawv thov ntawm cov hlau foob npauj npaim valve hauv qhov kub thiab txias

Nrog rau kev loj hlob sai ntawm niaj hnub petrochemical kev lag luam, thee chemical kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam tub yees, kev siv lub valve tsis tshua muaj siab yog ntau thiab ntau, qhov ntau npaum li cas. Yog li ntawd, kev siv kom raug thiab tsim nyog ntawm qhov kub tsis tshua muaj valve ua rau tib neeg nyiam. Kev siv cov valve uas tsis muaj qhov kub thiab txias ntxiv rau kev siv cov pa valve, muaj qee qhov tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsum tau them rau.
Cryogenic li qub feem ntau xa mus rau cov li qub ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub qis dua -29 ° C. Qee lub li qub cryogenic tuaj yeem thauj cov roj liquefied (xws li nitrogen, oxygen thiab nkev roj) ntawm qhov kub thiab txias li -196 ° C thiab tseem ua haujlwm zoo.
With the decrease of the temperature of the working medium, the material and structure of the low temperature valve used are different from the conventional universal valve, especially the temperature valve (t Nrog rau qhov txo qis ntawm qhov ntsuas kub ntawm qhov nruab nrab ua haujlwm, cov khoom siv thiab cov qauv ntawm qhov ntsuas kub qis siv yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov pa universal valve, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov kub thiab txias valve (t Txhawm rau txo cov cua sov mus rau qhov chaw kaw los ntawm sab nraud, cov haujlwm ua haujlwm yuav tsum raug tshem tawm ntawm lub cev insulated. Yog li lub caj dab ntawm lub kaus mom ntawm lub cryogenic valve yog ntev heev. ** Lub valve kub yog ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej nyuaj los ntawm sab nraud mus rau qhov kub thiab txias. Thiab nws ua li ntawd tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam. Kev sib khi ntawm qhov kaw feem ntau yog lav los ntawm qhov tsim nyog kev sib cuag siab tsim ntawm lub nplhaib sealing, tab sis yog tias lub zog ntawm cov khoom sib kis tau ruaj khov, lub zog ntawm lub nplhaib sealing yuav txawv ntawm qhov ua haujlwm kub, ntawm chav kawm, kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv lub nplhaib sealing, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv polymeric txawv. Yog li ntawd, qhov sov so valve muaj cov kev cai nruj ntawm lub nplhaib sib khi, feem ntau xaiv cov khoom siv tawv tawv (STL) zoo dua.
Qhov kub thiab txias valve yog heev txwv nyob rau hauv lub qhib ceev ntawm lub shutoff. Txawm hais tias cov kev ntsuas adiabatic, tseem muaj cov cua sov txaus hauv qhov txwv, uas ua rau muaj cov kua theem hauv qee qhov ntawm lub cev. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub valve qhib sai, cov kua yuav tau txais kev ceev ceev, ib zaug ntsib teeb meem los yog tsis kam zoo li lub valve yuav ua rau lub tshuab nqus dej, uas yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau kev siv.
Feem ntau siv rau cov tub yees tshuab, qhov nruab nrab yog nitrogen los yog freon refrigerant, yav dhau los feem ntau siv cam khwb cia hlau valve, nws siv tau kub ntawm -28 ~ 150 ℃, tam sim no siv tsawg dua, tab sis lub valve nrog ferritic ductile hlau muaj ib tug loj zuj zus. Qhov no yog vim ferritic ductile hlau muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo toughness, hnav tsis kam thiab corrosion kuj.
General carbon steel (WCB) cov khoom siv valve, nws siv kub yog -29 ~ 150 ℃; Kuj tseem muaj cov pa roj carbon monoxide qis (LCB, LC1, LC2), nws qhov kev pabcuam yam tsawg kawg nkaus yog -46 ~ -73 ℃; Austenitic stainless hlau (304, 316) yog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj qhov kub thiab txias, nws qhov kev pabcuam yam tsawg kawg nkaus yog qis dua -196 ℃, qee qhov rau -254 ℃.
Qhov dav dav uas tsis tshua muaj kub valve kaw qhov chaw, xaiv cov hlau foob lub rooj zaum ntawm lub valve lub cev, xaiv cov fluorine yas (F4) ntawm lub valve disc, tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb hauv cov qauv thiab cov pa universal valve yuav luag tib yam. Tsim nyog xaiv raws li kub thiab nruab nrab.
Cryogenic valve, tsuas yog xav txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub thiab txias valve. Nws tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau hauv txhua txoj haujlwm hauv lub incubator, tab sis lub thawv ntim khoom, kev khiav hauj lwm mechanism (tes log, ciaj ntswj) thiab qhov taw qhia ntawm valve disc lifting txoj hauj lwm yuav tsum tau muab tso rau sab nraum lub incubator. Yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam thiab hloov cov ntim khoom. Feem ntau cov valve yog ntsia nrog lub qia horizontally. Rau cov hluav taws xob sov so, lub qia valve yuav tsum muab tso rau kab rov tav.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom ntim khoom ntawm qhov kub qis yog qhov nyuaj heev, vim tias cov khoom ntim tau yooj yim poob elasticity, ib zaug vim evaporation nruab nrab to, lub qia yog khov, nws yuav ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim daig, lub valve tsis tuaj yeem qhib thiab kaw ib txwm. Txhawm rau txhim kho cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom ntim khoom, lub thermal baffle tuaj yeem ntsia tau los xyuas kom cov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov khoom ntim. Qhov no feem ntau yog tsim los ua kom cov qia ntev. Lub baffle yog ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis yog-hlau nrog cov thermal conductivity qis tshaj (daim ntaub, daim kab xev, thiab lwm yam) kom lub tshav kub poob ntawm lub thawv ntim tau txo qis. Xwb, cov khoom ntim khoom yog tsho thiab qhov nruab nrab nrog qhov kub thiab txias txaus los tswj lub peev xwm ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom ntim khoom yog tsav mus rau hauv qhov chaw tsim. Nws txoj haujlwm yog ua kom lub valve los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias mus rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm muaj qhov kub thiab txias, ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm thiab dhau ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm, huab cua siab yuav nyob rau hauv qee yam tuaj yeem ua rau cov roj liquefied tsis ua kua thiab rov qab mus rau. gas kub.
Kev kub siab ntawm huab cua yog ib txwm qhib txhua lub sijhawm, feem ntau sib txuas nrog ib kawg ntawm lub VALVE lossis nrog rau lwm qhov kawg, yog li ntawd yog tias qhov kub ntawm huab cua siab nce, yuav tsis muaj qhov txaus ntshai heev.
Vim hais tias lub valve feem ntau yog tsim thiab kuaj nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, thiab ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tsis tshua muaj kub tej yam kev mob, qhov sib txawv yuav tsim txawv expansion thiab contraction nrog kev hloov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, uas yuav cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov hauj lwm ntawm lub valve, uas yuav tsum tau them sai sai. rau thiab nkag siab hauv kev siv.
Qhov ntsuas kub qis siv ntau yam khoom siv, cov khoom siv zoo tib yam: xws li carbon steel (WCB) yuav ua rau qhov kub thiab txias. Cov khoom siv feem ntau xaiv yog: austenitic stainless hlau, bronze, thiab tooj liab-nickel alloys, tag nrho cov uas tsis yog-nkig thiab siv tau zoo. Kev paub qhia tau hais tias austenitic stainless hlau, bronze thiab Cu-Ni alloy yog cov ntaub ntawv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov tawv nqaij thiab lub zog. Yog li qee qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub valve tsis tshua muaj siab, xws li: lub ntiaj teb valve, kev ruaj ntseg valve, tswj valve, kos valve thiab lwm yam, xaiv cov khoom zoo li no.
Kev paub ntau lawm qhia peb tias txawm rau austenitic stainless hlau, bronze thiab COPper-nickel alloy, yog tias cov khoom tiav tsis raug kho nrog qhov kub thiab txias, thaum lub valve ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub qis, cov khoom sab hauv yuav deformed vim cov khoom siv theem. transformation tshwm sim los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, uas ua rau valve to.
Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem sib dhos ntawm qhov kub thiab txias valve, vim cov khoom sib txawv ntawm flange kev twb kev txuas gaskets, txuas bolts thiab cov khoom sib txuas, kev sib cog lus ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv yuav tsis synchronized, uas ua rau so thiab to. Yog li ntawd, qhov kub tsis tshua muaj valve, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov tsis tshua muaj kub valve siv hauv qab -196 ℃, nws txoj kev sib txuas yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv vuam kev sib txuas.
Tsis tshua muaj kub valve packing gasket, feem ntau ntawm F4, vim hais tias ntawm nws tus kheej zoo lubrication, kev sib txhuam coefficient me me, thiab muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb tshuaj stability. Yog li ntawd, nws yog siv los ntawm tsoom fwv, tab sis F4 kuj muaj shortcomings, ib tug yog lub txias txaus nyiam yog loj, lwm yam yog lub linear expansion coefficient yog loj, txias shrinkage ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ua rau to, uas ua rau ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm icing. ntawm qia, kom lub valve qhib tsis ua hauj lwm. Yog li ntawd, nws tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas tsis tshua muaj kub. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, yuav tsum xaiv graphite woven muab tub lim, los yog stainless hlau thiab saj zawg zog graphite winding ncoo. Qee qhov qis qis hauv kev ua haujlwm, feem ntau pom tias qhov kis tau tus mob ntawm lub valve tshwm sim nplaum. Lub occlusal phenomenon tshwm sim los ntawm lub sijhawm. Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog: kev xaiv tsis tsim nyog ntawm cov khoom sib koom ua ke, qhov sib txawv me me ntawm qhov txias txias, thiab kev ua haujlwm raug. Yog tias pom muaj teeb meem zoo sib xws hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv, lawv yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv lub sijhawm los txhim kho cov qauv tsim thiab hloov cov khoom tsim nyog (bushing) khoom.
Lwm qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau qhov ntsuas kub qis yog tib yam li cov pa li qub.
Qhov yuav tsum tau thiab daim ntawv thov ntawm hlau foob npauj npaim valve nyob rau hauv uas tsis muaj kub valve
Nrog rau kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam thev naus laus zis, kev hloov pauv tsis tu ncua thiab cov thev naus laus zis tshiab thiab cov neeg xav tau li qub, kev lag luam valve tau ntsib cov teeb meem loj thiab cov hauv kev. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev siv npauj npaim valve nyob rau hauv qhov nruab nrab qhov kub thiab txias, ntxiv rau kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub valve dav dav ntawm chav tsev kub, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj yog kev ntseeg siab ntawm lub valve foob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, qhov ua tau yooj yim ntawm qhov kev txiav txim thiab qee qhov tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau ua. qis kub valve.
Npauj npaim valve muaj cov qauv compact, me me ntim, lub teeb yuag (piv nrog tib lub siab, tib lub qhov rooj loj loj tuaj yeem txo tau 40% ~ 50%) cov dej tsis kam, qhib thiab kaw sai thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, yog li tau txais kev siv.
Tab sis nyob rau hauv qee yam khoom siv uas tsis tshua muaj kub, xws li cov khoom siv roj liquefaction, cov cuab yeej sib cais huab cua thiab cov cuab yeej siv siab viav vias adsorption siv hauv kev lag luam tshuaj muaj ntau dua 80% lossis lub ntiaj teb valve lossis rooj vag valve, npauj npaim valve me me. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog vim li cas cov hlau foob npauj npaim valve muaj qhov ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab qee qhov laj thawj xws li cov qauv tsis tsim nyog ua rau muaj qhov nruab nrab sab hauv thiab cov xau tawm sab nraud, uas cuam tshuam rau kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej kub thiab tsis tuaj yeem. ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm cov khoom siv kub tsawg.
Raws li kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm qhov ntsuas kub tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv peb lub teb chaws, qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau qhov kub tsis tshua muaj valve yog nce ib hnub dhau ib hnub. Yog li ntawd, cov hlau sealing valve tau raug txhim kho, thiab npauj npaim valve ntawm peb-eccentric ntshiab hlau nrog siab sealing kev kawm tau tsim. Qhov npauj npaim valve no tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua txawm tias qhov nruab nrab yog qhov kub thiab txias.
Ua ke nrog nws cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov qauv, qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm qhov kub thiab txias tau yooj yim qhia.
Ua ntej, qhov tsis tshua muaj kub disc valve sealing kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum:
Muaj ob lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau qhov kub thiab txias valve to, ib qho yog sab hauv to; Qhov thib ob yog to.
1) Lub valve tsim tawm sab hauv
Lub ntsiab yog vim li cas yog tias lub sealing khub yog deformed ntawm tsawg kub.
Thaum qhov nruab nrab kub poob mus rau cov khoom siv theem hloov pauv los ntawm qhov ntim hloov pauv, kom qhov sib tsoo thawj zaug ntawm qhov sealing nto warping deformation uas ua rau lub foob tsis zoo. Peb tau ua qhov ntsuas kub qis ntawm DN250 valve. Qhov nruab nrab yog kua nitrogen (-196 ℃) thiab cov khoom siv npauj npaim phaj yog 1Cr18Ni9Ti (tsis muaj qhov kub thiab txias). Nws pom tias qhov warp-deformation ntawm sealing nto yog li ntawm 0.12mm, uas yog lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau sab hauv to.
Tus npauj npaim valve tshiab tau hloov pauv los ntawm lub dav hlau foob mus rau conical foob. Lub rooj zaum yog tapered oval sealing lub ntsej muag, thiab ib ncig elastic sealing nplhaib embedded nyob rau hauv npauj npaim phaj los tsim ib tug sealing khub. Lub nplhaib foob tuaj yeem ntab radially nyob rau hauv qhov zawj disc. Thaum lub valve raug kaw, lub nplhaib elastic sealing thawj zaug sib cuag nrog lub luv axis ntawm lub elliptic sealing nto, thiab nrog kev sib hloov ntawm lub valve qia, lub nplhaib sealing yog maj mam thawb rau sab hauv, yuam lub nplhaib elastic tiv tauj nrog lub axis ntev ntawm lub valve. lub oblique conical nto, nws thiaj li ua rau tag nrho kev sib cuag ntawm lub elastic sealing nplhaib thiab elliptic sealing nto. Nws sealing yog tiav los ntawm deformation ntawm elastic nplhaib.
Yog li ntawd, thaum lub cev los yog npauj npaim phaj yog deformed ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, nws yuav raug absorbed thiab compensated los ntawm elastic sealing nplhaib, thiab yuav tsis ua rau to thiab daig tshwm sim. Qhov elastic deformation ploj tam sim ntawd thaum lub valve qhib, thiab tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kev qhib thiab kaw, yog li kev pabcuam lub neej ntev.
2) Cov dej ntws tawm ntawm lub valve.
Thawj qhov yog tias thaum lub valve thiab cov kav dej txuas nrog flanges, cov dej xau yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev so ntawm qhov kev sib txuas ntawm lub ncoo, qhov kev sib txuas ntawm lub bolts, thiab cov khoom sib txuas uas shrinks tawm ntawm synchronization ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis tshua muaj kub. Yog li ntawd, peb tau hloov pauv hom kev sib txuas ntawm lub cev lub cev thiab cov kav dej los ntawm flange kev twb kev txuas mus rau vuam qauv kom tsis txhob muaj qhov kub thiab txias.
Qhov thib ob yog qhov xau ntawm qia thiab ntim khoom. Feem ntau, feem ntau lub pob valve siv F4, vim nws qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm tus kheej zawv zawg, kev sib txhuam me me (kev sib txhuam coefficient ntawm steel f = 0.05 ~ 0.1), thiab muaj tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov, yog li nws tau siv.
Txawm li cas los xij, F4 kuj muaj qhov tsis txaus. Ua ntej, qhov txias txaus nyiam yog loj; Qhov thib ob, lub coefficient ntawm linear expansion yog loj, uas ua rau lub txias shrinkage to ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, uas ua rau ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm icing ntawm qia, ua rau lub valve qhib tsis ua hauj lwm. Tus npauj npaim qis qis uas tsim los rau lub hom phiaj no siv tus kheej-shrinking foob qauv, uas yog, nws tuaj yeem kaw ntawm ob qho tib si kub thiab qis kub los ntawm qhov sib txawv sab laug los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua qhov loj expansion coefficient ntawm F4.