Ke tlhokeho efe ea oli le khase e loketseng li-valve tsa lipeipi tsa mouoane ho tsamaisa polokeho ea 'maraka oa liphaephe le ts'ireletso ea tikoloho li hloka ho sireletsoa ke molao
E loketse mocheso oa valve ea liphaephe tsa mouoane o ka tlase ho 425 ℃ ha e le hantle o ka khetha: valve ea heke, valve e khaotsoeng. Khetha valve ea alloy ka holimo ho 400 ℃. Belofo ea heke e sebelisoa haholo-holo bakeng sa valve ea mouoane e ka har'a phaephe ea mouoane, ke hore, valve e sa tsoeng hangata le ho tima. Globe valve e sebelisoa haholo-holo bakeng sa basebelisi ba haufi le lisebelisoa tsa valve, hobane valve ena e na le phello e ntle ea ho laola phallo. E loketse mocheso oa valve ea lipeipi tsa mouoane o ka tlase ho 425 ℃ ha e le hantle o ka khetha: valve ea heke, valve e khaotsoeng.
Khetha valve ea alloy ka holimo ho 400 ℃.
Belofo ea heke e sebelisoa haholo-holo bakeng sa valve ea mouoane e ka har'a phaephe ea mouoane, ke hore, valve e sa tsoeng hangata le ho tima.
Globe valve e sebelisoa haholo-holo bakeng sa basebelisi ba haufi le lisebelisoa tsa valve, hobane valve ena e na le phello e ntle ea ho laola phallo.
Valve ea khetho ea lipeipi tsa mouoane haholo-holo ke ho bona mocheso, khatello, ts'ebetso le boemo ba ho kenya.
Na li-valve tsa serurubele li ka sebelisoa liphaepheng tsa mouoane?
Haeba e sebelisoa bakeng sa phaephe ea mouoane, ha e khothalletsoe ho sebelisa valve ea serurubele, hobane khatello ea valve ea serurubele e kholo, switch e thata ho sebetsa, ho bonolo ho senya sebaka sa ho tiisa, kahoo e ke ke ea khannoa khafetsa le ho tima. tshebetso e le valve ea heke;
Leha ho le joalo, haeba khatello ea liphaephe e se e phahameng haholo (ka tlase ho 6.4mpa), e ka boela ea sebelisoa, empa ka lebaka la mocheso o phahameng, ho kgothaletswa ho sebelisa serurubele se thata sa tšepe, se ka khetha eccentric butterfly valve ea 'mele oa WCB. , e lokela ho ela hloko tataiso ea phallo ha e kenya, pipeline e lokela ho bolokoa e hloekile ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang, ho thibela li-welding slag tse khomaretsoeng sebakeng sa ho tiisa, ho bonolo ho koala ka bolokolohi.
Tlhokahalo ea oli le khase e tsamaisa liphaephe tsa polokeho ea 'maraka ts'ireletso ea tikoloho ka ts'ireletso ea molao, ha tlhoko ea rona ea oli le khase e ntse e eketseha, kaho ea lipeipi e lula e le nakong ea kholo e tsitsitseng. Ka lebaka la litšoaneleho tsa khatello e phahameng, tikoloho e tukang le e phatlohang le tikoloho e hlokolosi ea lipeipi tsa oli le khase, polokeho le ts'epahalo ea lipalangoang tsa lipeipi ke tsona tse amehang haholo. Khethollo le taolo ea kotsi ea liphaephe li tobane le mathata a potlakileng. Ho se ho potlakile ho aha mohala oa tšireletso oa molao ho sireletsa polokeho ea lipeipi ka monahano oa molao oa molao.
Tlhokahalo ea oli le khase e tsamaisa polokeho ea 'maraka oa liphaephe le ts'ireletso ea tikoloho e hloka ho sireletsoa ke molao
Hammoho le nts'etsopele e tsitsitseng le e tsitsitseng ea moruo oa Chaena le ntlafatso e tsoelang pele ea maemo a bophelo a batho, tlhokahalo ea oli le khase le eona ea eketseha, 'me kaho ea lipeipi tsa Chaena e bile nakong ea kholo e tsitsitseng. Ka lebaka leo, likotsi tsa polokeho ea lipeipi le tšireletso ea tikoloho le tsona lia eketseha.
Tlas'a leano la nts'etsopele ea Lebanta le le leng le Tsela e le 'ngoe naheng ea rona, lebelo la ts'ebetso ea lipeipi tsa oli le khase le tla ba nako e telele le ho feta, kotsi ea polokeho le ts'ireletso ea tikoloho le eona e tla eketseha. Mokhoa oa ** ke bothata boo batsamaisi ba tlamehang ho tobana le bona.
Tsoelopele e potlakileng ea lipeipi tsa oli le khase
Ho ea ka boitsebiso bo senotsoeng ho fihlela joale, Chaena e ne e e-na le lik'hilomithara tse 106,000 tsa liphaephe tsa oli le khase ka 2014, tse fetang 70 lekholong tse laoloang ke petrochina, Sinopec le CNOOC. Ho lebeletsoe hore mafelong a 2015, liphaephe tsa oli le khase tsa Chaena li tla fihla lik'hilomithara tse 150 000, 'me tsamaiso e feletseng ea marang-rang ea lipeipi tsa malapeng le tsa kantle ho naha e tla thehoa.
Ka kakaretso, marang-rang a lipeipi tsa oli tse tala tsa China a ile a qala ho ba teng. Marang-rang a lipeipi tsa mokokotlo oa oli a se a thehiloe, 'me marang-rang a lipeipi tsa libaka a ntlafalitsoe le ho feta. Sebopeho sa marang-rang sa lipeipi tsa oli e sa tsoakoang tsa China ho ea leboea-bochabela, leboea-bophirimela, Chaena Leboea, Chaena Bochabela, boroa-bophirimela, libaka tse lebōpong la leoatle le lebōpong la libaka tsa polokelo ea oli e sa tsoakoang e le sehokelo, se koahelang likhoebo tse kholo tsa naha tsa tlhoekiso le lik'hemik'hale le metheo ea polokelo, liphaephe tsa oli e tala e tsepamisitse maikutlo likoung tsa moeli le likoung tse lebopong la leoatle, leboea-bochabela, libaka tsa oli tse ka leboea-bophirima le boroa-bophirima, China Leboea le Bochabela.
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ka tsoelo-pele e potlakileng ea moruo oa Chaena, tlhokahalo ea oli e hloekisitsoeng e phahame, 'me mokhoa oa marang-rang oa oli e hloekisitsoeng o ntse o matlafatsa. Khokahano e hloekisitsoeng ea lipeipi tsa oli e nang le lihloekisi, litsi tsa phetisetso ea oli e hloekisitsoeng le litsi tsa polokelo joalo ka mokokotlo oa 'maraka oa bareki o thehiloe naheng ka bophara. Ho lebelletsoe hore qetellong ea Morero oa Lilemo tse Hlano oa bo-12, bolelele ba lipeipi tsa oli tse hloekisitsoeng tsa China bo lebelletsoe ho feta lik'hilomithara tse 30,000.
Ho sa le joalo, kaho ea lipeipi tsa khase ea tlhaho le eona e ntse e tsoela pele ka potlako. Hajoale, marang-rang a lipeipi tsa mokokotlo oa khase ea tlhaho a thehiloe pele.
Ntle le liphaephe tsa lebopong, China e hahile liphaephe tsa oli le khase tse batlang li le kholo ka tlase ho leoatle, ho kenyeletsoa sebaka sa khase sa Jinzhou 20-2 ho ea ho liphaephe tse tsamaeang ka tlas'a metsi, sebaka sa khase sa Boxi ho ea liphaepheng tse tsamaeang ka tlas'a metsi tsa Tianjin, Bohai Suizhong 36-1 lebaleng la oli le lebopong la leoatle ho ea pompong e tsamaeang ka tlas'a metsi. , joalo-joalo.
Ka nako e ts'oanang, lipeipi tsa oli e sa tsoakoang tsa China-Kazakhstan, lipeipi tsa khase ea tlhaho tsa Asia Bohareng, lipeipi tsa oli le khase tsa China-Myanmar, lipeipi tsa oli e tala ea China-Russia le tsela ea Leoatle le ka Boroa-bochabela, e leng lipeipi tse 'maloa tse kholo tsa matla a tsoang linaheng tse ling, le tsona li hokela naha le kantle ho naha. mehloli ea oli le khase haufi-ufi.
Tšireletseho ea liphaephe le tšireletso ea tikoloho li hlahisa mathata a macha
Lipeipi tsa oli le khase li khetholloa ka khatello e phahameng, sebaka sa lipalangoang tse tukang le ho phatloha, le tikoloho e hlokolosi. Ho chekoa le ho aha ka tšohanyetso ho ipapisitse le lipeipi le tšenyo ea motho oa boraro e ama ts'ebetso e bolokehileng ea lipeipi tsa oli le khase, 'me e tlisa litšokelo tse tebileng polokehong ea bophelo le thepa ea beng ba meaho e seng molaong le basebetsi ba kaho ba seng molaong.
Ka hona, ka nts'etsopele e potlakileng ea indasteri ea lipeipi naheng ea China, polokeho le ts'epahalo ea lipalangoang tsa liphaephe ke ntho e amehang ka ho khetheha, 'me ho tsebahatsa kotsi le taolo ea liphaephe ho tobana le bothata bo potlakileng bo lokelang ho rarolloa. Ho latela pono ea hajoale, boemo bo akaretsang ba tšireletso ea liphaephe bo ntse bo ntlafala. Empa mathata a mang a ke ke a hlokomolohuoa, ho na le haholo-holo likarolo tse latelang.
E 'ngoe ke boemo bo tebileng ba ho cheka le ho utsoa oli. Maemo a mang a bosholu ba oli a bonts'a litšobotsi tse ncha tsa bohlale le boits'oaro. Profinseng ea Shandong, Hebei le Liaoning e ntse e le libaka tse nang le liketsahalo tse ngata.
Ea bobeli ke bohlokoa ba ts'ireletso ea cable ea optical. Cable ea puisano ea liphaephe ke lejoe la sekhutlo la taolo e hole le taolo ea dijithale ea marang-rang a lipeipi tsa oli le khase. Ka tlhahiso ea liphaephe tse sa tsoa hahoa lilemong tsa morao tjena, tšusumetso ea ho pshatla ha cable tlhahisong le ts'ebetsong ea likhoebo tsa liphaephe e hlahella le ho feta.
Ea boraro, ho potlaka ho hloekisa phaephe.
Ea bone, ho rarahana ha tsamaiso ea tsamaiso ea kaho ea mokha oa boraro. Ka tsoelo-pele e potlakileng ea kaho ea moruo oa naha, kaho ea boenjiniere haufi le lipeipi e ntse e eketseha khafetsa, 'me palo ea mefuta eohle ea kaho ea sefapano *** e phahama.
Khampani ea lipeipi motho ka hare ho thuto e nahana, ho latela pono ea polokeho ea liphaephe le polokeho ea liphaephe tsa tikoloho li tobane le likotsi tse 'maloa: moralo oa litoropo le kaho, bofokoli ba ho etsa le ho aha, ho bola ha lipeipi, botsofali, ts'ebetso e sa sebetseng hantle, ho putlama ha lipeipi. , tšenyo ea motho oa boraro, kaho ea motho oa boraro, ho tlama lipeipi, likoluoa tsa tlhaho, joalo-joalo.
Ho latela tsena, batsamaisi ba liphaephe ba tlameha ho itokisetsa ho tsebahatsa le ho laola kotsi, ho beha kotsi ho ka thibeloa, mohopolo oa kotsi e ka ba taolo ea pele, ho sebelisa tlhahlobo ea 'mele ea mahlale, tlhahlobo ea tikoloho, tlhahlobo ea kotsi, mekhoa ea ho tsebahatsa kotsi, joalo ka ka mokhoa oa saense le o utloahalang oa ho lokisa liphaephe, tlhokomelo, le ho ntlafatsa tsamaiso ea tšohanyetso, le mekhoa e meng, ntho ka ntlha, kotsi ea taolo, Kotsi ea liphaephe e ka laoloa ka har'a mefuta e amohelehang.
Theha monahano oa molao oa peipi ea oli le khase
Ho sebelisa monahano oa molao le mokhoa oa molao oa ho sireletsa liphaephe le ho aha mokhoa oa tšireletso oa lipeipi tlas'a moralo oa molao ke meelelo ea bohlokoa ea molao. Haholo-holo, ho se ho potlakile ho aha mohala oa ts'ireletso ea molao o nang le monahano oa molao.
Molao oa Tšireletso ea Lisebelisoa tse Khethehileng, o qalileng ho sebetsa ka la 1 Pherekhong 2014, o kenyelelitse liphaephe tsa lipalangoang tsa sebaka se selelele sebakeng sa taolo ea lisebelisoa tse khethehileng, 'me o behile litlhokahalo tse phahameng tsa ho kenya liphaephe, tlhahlobo, ngoliso, tšebeliso, tlhahlobo, tsamaiso le taolo. le pholoso ya tshohanyetso. Molao oa Tšireletseho Mosebetsing, o qalileng ho sebetsa ka la 1 Tšitoe, 2014, o kenyelletsa ho kengoa tšebetsong ha tsamaiso ea boikarabello ba polokeho mosebetsing sebakeng sa bolebeli le tlhahlobo, o theha mokhoa oa ho tsebahatsa le ho sebetsana le likotsi tse patiloeng, le ho eketsa likotlo bakeng sa litlolo. Molao oa Tšireletso ea Tikoloho, o qalileng ho sebetsa ka la 1 Pherekhong 2015, o ntlafalitse litsamaiso tse 10 tsa ts'ireletso ea tikoloho bakeng sa likhoebo le litsi tsa sechaba, 'me o hlahisitse litlhoko tse phahameng tsa thibelo ea likotsi le ho lahla lipeipi tsa tšohanyetso.
Ke ka seoelo nalaneng ea China ho theha le ho kenya ts'ebetsong melao e amehang khahlano le likhoebo tse nang le sesupo se phahameng joalo. Nako e fihlile ea hore China e buse likhoebo ho latela molao. Leha ho le joalo, ho sa ntse ho e-na le mosebetsi o mongata o lokelang ho etsoa pele melao e amehang e ka sebelisoa, ’me peipi ea molao e ntse e na le tsela e itseng e lokelang ho etsoa.
Tlas'a semelo sa molao, tlhahiso ea polokeho ea liphaephe e lokela ho latela molao-motheo oa polokeho, thibelo pele le taolo e felletseng. Ho ntlafatsa melao le melaoana, ho itšetleha ka tsoelo-pele ea saense le thekenoloji, ho matlafatsa lipatlisiso tsa leano e le mohato oa pele, ho laola ts'ebetsong ea molao, ho lokisoa ka mokhoa o khethehileng e le mekhoa, tšebeliso e pharaletseng ea melao le melaoana, maano a moruo le litsela tse ling, ho ntšetsa pele lihlopha tse amehang. ho ea ka molao, saense, pele ho tsamaiso ea tshireletso, potlakisa ho thehoa ha lisebelisoa tsa lipeipi ts'ireletso tsamaiso ea boikarabelo ba mosebetsi.
Ho matlafatsa kaho ea tsamaiso ea molao, boiteko bo lokela ho etsoa ho tsoa mohloling oa tsamaiso ea molao ho laola le ho laola ho latela molao.
Basebetsi ba likhoebo tsa lipeipi ba lokela ho qala ka ho tloaelana le melaoana le ho etsa lintho ho ea ka molao; Sebelisana le balaoli ba libaka ho etsa mesebetsi ea phatlalatso le thuto ho ntlafatsa tlhokomeliso ea molao le tlhokomeliso ea polokeho ea lipeipi. Kopanya libuka tsa thuto ea polokeho ea lipeipi tsa oli le khase 'me u li abele mafapheng a mantlha. Ngola Bukana e nang le litšoantšo e hlakileng le e utloisisoang habonolo ea Pipeline Protection Publicity Manual, ** e abela batho ba sebaka seo, 'me u sebelisane le ba boholong sebakeng sa heno mosebetsing oa phatlalatso.
Likhoebo tsa lipeipi tsa oli le khase li lokela ho hokahanya, ho sebelisana le ho buisana le mafapha ohle a mmuso le likhokahano tse amehang tsa sechaba. Fana ka ho phetha karolo ea mesebetsi e khethehileng ea tokiso ea ts'ireletso ea sechaba le taolo libakeng tsa oli le khase le tlhahiso ea lipeipi tsa oli le khase, ho kenyelletsa mafapha a tsamaiso ea kaho ea litoropo le moralo oa mobu, le ho hlakisa boikarabello ba bona. Butle-butle hlahloba ho thehoa ha mochini oa taolo ea polokeho ea lipeipi tsa oli le khase tsa nako e telele.
Likhoebo tsa liphaephe li lokela ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho ntlafatseng mokhatlo, tsamaiso, boikarabello, tsamaiso, tsamaiso le tiisetso ea lichelete, ho ntlafatsa tsamaiso ea boikarabelo ba poso, le ho kenya ts'ebetsong boikarabelo bo boholo ba tlhahiso ea ts'ireletso ea khoebo; Phethahetseng moralo oa tšohanyetso, matlafatsa motsoako oa manyolo le moralo oa tšohanyetso; Ho matlafatsa tlhokomelo le taolo ea mehloli e meholo ea likotsi; Ho theha matšoao le matšoao a tlhokomeliso bakeng sa lipeipi tsa oli le khase ea tlhaho; Ntlafatsa tsamaiso ea tsamaiso ea HSE(bophelo bo botle, polokeho, tikoloho); Ho matlafatsa koetliso ea mahlale a polokeho ea batsamaisi le basebetsi maemong ohle; Patlisiso le nts'etsopele ea thekenoloji ea data le thekenoloji ea tsamaiso; Eketsa matsete ho mahlale le thekenoloji, ho ntlafatsa boemo ba lisebelisoa tsa tekheniki le lipeipi le boleng ba ho rala.
Ho laola likhoebo ho latela molao, re lokela ho ba le tsebo ea molao le ho ntlafatsa bokhoni ba ho sebetsana le litaba ho latela molao. Ho matlafatsa kaho ea tsamaiso ea molao, ho ntlafatsa boemo ba ts'ebetso le tsamaiso, le ho finyella ts'ebetso ea molao le e lumellanang; Ho matlafatsa thuto ea molao le phatlalatso ho theha tikoloho e ntle ea taolo; Ho hlomelloa ka basebeletsi ba molao ba litsebi ho sireletsa litokelo le lithahasello tsa likhoebo ho latela molao; Matlafatsa kaho ea setso sa khoebo, theha tlhompho ea khoebo le mohopolo o hlabisang lihlong, ka 'nete u thehe tikoloho ea maikutlo a sechaba e laolang khoebo ho latela molao.
Nako ea poso: Sep-20-2022
