I-Vermicular cast iron ye-valve impahla

I-Vermicular cast iron ye-valve impahla

Lesi sikali sichaza imigomo nezincazelo, amamaki, izidingo zobuchwepheshe, amasampula namabhulokhi wokuhlola, izindlela zokuhlola, imithetho yokulungisa, ukuhlonza ukusakaza, ukupakisha, izimfuneko zokugcina nezokuthutha. Indlela yokukhiqiza kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali e-vermicular cast iron kufanele kunqunywe umphakeli ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi izinga lempahla edingekayo kanye nomsebenzi kuhambisana nalesi sikali. Lapho i-vermicular cast iron inokusetshenziswa okukhethekile kanye nezidingo, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali nokwelashwa kokushisa kungavunyelwa yizinhlangothi zombili. I-Vermicular cast iron kufanele ibhekwe ukuthi okungenani ibe nama-80% e-vermicular graphite endizeni yayo epholishiwe enezinhlangothi ezimbili, kanti u-20% osele kufanele ube yi-spherical graphite, i-clumped graphite, ne-flake graphite akufanele ivunyelwe.

ububanzi

Lesi sikali sichaza imigomo nezincazelo, amamaki, izidingo zobuchwepheshe, amasampula namabhulokhi wokuhlola, izindlela zokuhlola, imithetho yokulungisa, ukuhlonza ukusakaza, ukupakisha, izimfuneko zokugcina nezokuthutha.

Lesi sikali silungele ukusetshenziswa ekubunjweni kwe-vermicular graphite cast iron ngesikhunta sesihlabathi noma nge-thermal conductivity ehambisana nesikhunta sesihlabathi. I-coil cast iron ekhiqizwa ngezinye izindlela zokubumba ingasetshenziswa njengereferensi.

Idokhumenti yereferensi evamile

Le mibhalo elandelayo ibalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwalo mbhalo. Ezithenjwa zezinsuku, inguqulo yedethi iyasebenza kule dokhumenti. Inguqulo yedokhumenti engafakwanga idethi (okuhlanganisa zonke izichibiyelo) izosetshenziswa kule dokhumenti.

I-GB/T 228 Metallic materials — indlela yokuhlola eqinile ekamelweni lokushisa (GB/T 228-2002,eqv ISO 6892:1998)

Izinto zensimbi - Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kweBrinell - Ingxenye 1: Izindlela zokuhlola (GB/T 231.1-2009, ISO 6506-1:2005, MOD)

I-GB/T 5611 Imibandela yokuqamba

I-GB/T 5612 indlela yokumela ibanga lensimbi eyinsimbi (GB/T 5612-2008, ISO 15931; 2004, MOD)

Indawo yokwenza isampula (GB/T 6060.1-1997,eqv ISO 2632-3:1979)

Ukubekezelelwa kobukhulu kanye nezibonelelo zeMachining for Castings (GB/T 6414-1999,eqv ISO 8062:1994)

I-GB/T 11351 yokubekezelela isisindo

I-GB/T 26656 i-vermicular cast iron metallography ukulungisa

Imigomo nezincazelo

Imigomo esungulwe ku-GB/T 5611 kanye namagama nezincazelo ezilandelayo zisetshenziswa kulo mbhalo.

I-Vermicular cast iron

Ikhabhoni ngokuyinhloko isesimweni se-vermicular graphite ezungezwe ngensimbi ecijile ku-matrix yensimbi.

Ukwelashwa kwe-creep

Inqubo lapho i-agent ekhasayo yengezwa ku-iron ewuketshezi ukuze kuncishiswe igraphite enjenge-worm phakathi nokuqiniswa.

Ukujiya kodonga oluyinhloko

Ubukhulu bodonga obuyinhloko bokuphonsa bubhekisela ekugqimeni kwesigaba somsebenzi wemishini yezinto zokuphonsa noma ubukhulu bengxenye eyinhloko yokusebenza yokubunjwa, okuvunyelwane ngazo zombili izinhlangothi.

uphawu

Ibanga lezinto ezibonakalayo lizomelwa ngokuvumelana nokucaciswa kwe-GB/T 5612.

Kulesi sikali, i-vermicular graphite cast iron ihlukaniswe yaba amamaki angu-5 ngokuvumelana nokuhlukaniswa kwemishini kwamasampuli acutshungulwa ngokudubula okukodwa noma ngamabhulokhi okuhlola okukhonkolo (bheka Ithebula 1 kanye neThebula 2).

Oda ulwazi

Ibhrendi yezinto zokusakaza ezidingwa u-Demander.

Ubukhulu bodonga oluyinhloko lomsebenzi wokulingisa njengoba kuvunyelwene ngazo zombili izinhlangothi.

Ezinye izimfuneko ezikhethekile okuvunyelwene ngazo zombili izinhlangothi.

Ukukhiqiza kanye nokukhiqiza

Indlela yokukhiqiza kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali e-vermicular cast iron kufanele kunqunywe umphakeli ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi izinga lempahla edingekayo kanye nomsebenzi kuhambisana nalesi sikali. Lapho i-vermicular cast iron inokusetshenziswa okukhethekile kanye nezidingo, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali nokwelashwa kokushisa kungavunyelwa yizinhlangothi zombili.

Imfuneko yobuchwepheshe

Izici zemishini zesampuli yabalingisi abangabodwa

Izici zomshini zamasampula okulingwa okukodwa kwe-vermicular cast iron kufanele zihambisane nokuchazwa kweThebula 1.

Ngokuvamile, amandla okukhiqiza angu-0.2% i-Rpo ayisetshenziswa njengesisekelo sokwamukelwa. Lapho umfakisicelo enezidingo ezikhethekile, kunganqunywa futhi.

Ithebula 1 Umsebenzi womshini wesampula yabalingisi abangabodwa

Umsebenzi womshini wesampula esilingisi

Izici zomshini zamasampula ensimbi exutshwe ne-vermicular zizohambisana nokuchazwa kweThebula 2.

Amandla esivuno angu-0.2% I-Rpo ngokuvamile ayisetshenziswa njengesisekelo sokwamukelwa. Lapho umfakisicelo enezidingo ezikhethekile, kunganqunywa futhi.

Ithebula 2 Umsebenzi womshini wesampula yabalingisi

Umsebenzi womshini wokulingisa isampula yomzimba

Isikhundla se-vermicular cast iron enamabhulokhi okuhlola ekubunjweni kufanele kubhekwe ukuma kwe-casting kanye nesakhiwo sesistimu yokuthulula, ukuze kugwenywe imiphumela emibi emisebenzini yezingxenye eziseduze, futhi isimiso akufanele kuthinte umsebenzi wesakhiwo sokulingisa, ikhwalithi yokubukeka kokulingisa kanye nokuminyana kwamabhulokhi okuhlola. Ibhulokhi yokuhlola izothathwa engxenyeni yocansi yokulingisa. Ukuze kunqunywe usayizi wesampula, umthengi uzokhombisa umphakeli ingxenye ebalulekile yokusakaza. Uma umfakisicelo engenawo umbono wokuchema, umphakeli angasetha indawo yokusika ekubumbeni futhi anqume ububanzi besampula.

Ukukhweza: i-vermicular cast iron ye-Valve materials (I)

Nge-cast test block

Ukulingisa okunamathiselwe kukho ibhulokhi yokuhlola nakho konke ukulingisa kwenqwaba efanayo enogqinsi olufana nodonga.

Ngokuvamile, lapho isisindo sokubunjwa singaphezu kuka-2000kg, futhi ubukhulu bodonga buyi-30mm ~ 200mm, kukhethwa ukunamathisela ibhulokhi yokuhlola yokuphonsa. Uma isisindo sokuphonsa singaphezu kuka-2000kg futhi ukujiya kodonga kungu-200mm, kusetshenziswa ibhulokhi yokuhlola yokuphonsa enamathiselwe. Usayizi nendawo yebhulokhi yokuhlola kuzovunyelwa yizinhlangothi zombili.

Ngaphandle uma kucaciswe ngenye indlela yizo zombili izinhlangothi, umumo nosayizi webhulokhi yokuhlola yabalingisi enamathiselwe kuboniswa emfanekisweni

Ukuma kwebhulokhi yokuhlola yokuphonswa eyengeziwe ekubunjweni kufanele kucabangele ukubunjwa kokubunjwa kanye nesakhiwo sesistimu yokuthulula, ukuze kugwenywe imiphumela emibi emisebenzini yezingxenye eziseduze, futhi kungaphazamisi umsebenzi wesakhiwo. yokulingisa, ikhwalithi yokubukeka kokulingisa kanye nokuminyana kwebhulokhi yokuhlola njengomgomo.

Wonke amabhulokhi okuhlola kufanele amakwe ngokugqamile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ikhwalithi yokulingisa ingalandelelwa kuyo yonke inqubo.

Uma ukukhishwa kudinga ukwelashwa kokushisa, ama-castings anamathiselwe azohlukaniswa kusukela ekufakweni ngemuva kokwelashwa okushisa ngaphandle uma kuvunyelwene ngenye indlela amaqembu. ukwelula

Incazelo:

Amandla okudla kwesihlabathi okufakwa kwebhulokhi yokuhlola: uhlobo Ⅰ, Ⅱa kanye no-Ⅱb mancane ngo-40 mm; Thayipha Ⅲ encane engu-80mm

Qaphela: Ngodonga oluncane oluncane noma ukulingwa kwensimbi, isampula ingase ithathwe kubhulokhi yokuhlola engu-u12.5mm, futhi umsebenzi womshini ungavunyelwa yizinhlangothi zombili.

Amayunithi kasayizi wamabhulokhi ka-I no-U angamamilimitha

Incazelo:

I-Test block cast ithreyi yokudla: thayipha I, thayipha II encane engu-40mm; Uhlobo Ⅲ Encane engu-80mm,

Qaphela: Ngokusakazwa kwezindonga ezincane noma okusansimbi, isampula lingathathwa ku-u

Ibhulokhi yokuhlola umzimba

Umsebenzi womshini wengxenye eshiwo yokulingisa uzovunyelwa yizinhlangothi zombili. Le misebenzi izolinganiswa ngesampula esisikwe engxenyeni ethile yokulingisa. Ububanzi besampula kuzovunyelwana ngazo zombili izinhlangothi. Usayizi wesampula oqinile uboniswa ku-FIG. 4 kanye neThebula 6

Ibhulokhi yokuhlola izothathwa engxenyeni yocansi yokulingisa. Ukuze kunqunywe usayizi wesampula, umthengi uzokhombisa umphakeli ingxenye ebalulekile yokusakaza. Uma umfakisicelo engenawo umbono wokuchema, umphakeli angasetha indawo yokusika ekubunjweni futhi anqume ububanzi besampula.