Intsimbi ye-vermicular cast yezinto zevalvu

Intsimbi ye-vermicular cast yezinto zevalvu

Esi sikali sichaza imigaqo kunye neenkcazo, amabakala, iimfuno zobugcisa, isampuli kunye neebhloko zokuvavanya, iindlela zokuvavanya, imithetho yokugcina, ukuchongwa kokuphosa, ukupakishwa, ukugcinwa kunye neemfuno zokuhamba. Indlela yokuvelisa kunye nokwakhiwa kweekhemikhali zentsimbi ye-vermicular cast kufuneka imiselwe ngumthengisi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ibakala lezinto ezifunekayo kunye nomsebenzi uhambelana nesi sikali. Xa isinyithi se-vermicular cast sinosetyenziso olukhethekileyo kunye neemfuno, ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali kunye nokuphathwa kobushushu kunokuvunyelwana ngamaqela omabini. I-Vermicular cast iron kufuneka iqwalaselwe ukuba ibe ne-80% ubuncinane ye-vermicular graphite kwi-plane yayo ene-dimensional polished, kwaye i-20% eseleyo kufuneka ibe yi-spherical graphite, i-clumped graphite, kunye ne-flake graphite akufanele ivunyelwe.

uluhlu

Esi sikali sichaza imigaqo kunye neenkcazo, amabakala, iimfuno zobugcisa, isampuli kunye neebhloko zokuvavanya, iindlela zokuvavanya, imithetho yokugcina, ukuchongwa kokuphosa, ukupakishwa, ukugcinwa kunye neemfuno zokuhamba.

Esi sikali silungele ukusetyenziswa kwi-mold forging ye-vermicular graphite cast iron with sand mold or with thermal conductivity commensurate with sand mold. I-coil cast iron eveliswa ngezinye iindlela zokubumba ingasetyenziswa njengereferensi.

Uxwebhu lwereferensi oluqhelekileyo

La maxwebhu alandelayo ayimfuneko ekusetyenzisweni kolu xwebhu. Kwiimbekiselo zomhla, uguqulelo lomhla luyasebenza kolu xwebhu. Uguqulelo loxwebhu olungabhalwanga (kuquka zonke izilungiso) luya kusetyenziswa kolu xwebhu.

I-GB/T 228 Izixhobo zentsimbi — indlela yokuvavanya i-tensile kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi (GB/T 228-2002,eqv ISO 6892:1998)

Izixhobo zentsimbi - Uvavanyo lobulukhuni beBrinell - Icandelo loku-1: Iindlela zovavanyo (GB/T 231.1-2009, ISO 6506-1:2005, MOD)

GB/T 5611 Forging terms

I-GB/T 5612 indlela yokumela ibakala lentsimbi (GB/T 5612-2008, ISO 15931; 2004, MOD)

Isampulu yokubumba indawo (GB/T 6060.1-1997,eqv ISO 2632-3:1979)

Ukunyamezelwa komgangatho kunye nezibonelelo zoMatshini zokuCasa (GB/T 6414-1999,eqv ISO 8062:1994)

I-GB / T 11351 ukunyamezela ubunzima bokuphosa

I-GB/T 26656 i-vermicular cast iron metallography ukulungiswa

Imigaqo kunye neenkcazo

Imigaqo esekwe kwi-GB/T 5611 kwaye le migaqo ilandelayo kunye neenkcazo zisetyenziswa kolu xwebhu.

Vermicular cast iron

Ikhabhoni ubukhulu becala ikwimo yegraphite yevermicular evela kwintsimbi etyhidiweyo kwimatrix yesinyithi.

unyango Creep

Inkqubo apho i-agent ekhasayo igalelwa kwi-iron elulwelo ukukhupha igraphite efana nentshulube ngexesha lokuqina.

Ukuphosa ubukhulu bodonga oluphambili

Ubukhulu bodonga oluphambili lokuphosa lubhekisela kubukhulu becandelo lomsebenzi womatshini wezinto zokuphosa okanye ubukhulu becandelo eliphambili elisebenzayo lokuphosa, elivunyelwene ngawo omabini amaqela.

uphawu

Ibakala lezinto eziphathekayo liya kumelwa ngokungqinelana neenkcukacha ze-GB/T 5612.

Kulo mlinganiso, i-vermicular graphite cast iron cast ihlukaniswe ngamabakala angama-5 ngokwe-mechanical classification of the samples ezicutshungulwa yi-single cast okanye ngeebhloko zokuvavanya (jonga iThebhile 1 kunye neThebhile 2).

Ulwazi lweodolo

Uphawu lwezinto zokuphosa ezifunwa nguDemander.

Ubukhulu bodonga oluphambili lomsebenzi wokuphosa njengoko kuvunyelwene ngawo omabini amaqela.

Ezinye iimfuno ezikhethekileyo ekuvunyelwene ngazo ngamaqela omabini.

Imveliso kunye nemveliso

Indlela yokuvelisa kunye nokubunjwa kweekhemikhali zentsimbi ye-vermicular cast kufuneka igqitywe ngumthengisi ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wezinto ezifunekayo kunye nomsebenzi uhambelana nesi sikali. Xa isinyithi se-vermicular cast sinosetyenziso olukhethekileyo kunye neemfuno, ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali kunye nokuphathwa kobushushu kunokuvunyelwana ngamaqela omabini.

Imfuneko yobugcisa

Iipropati zoomatshini zesampulu eyodwa

Iimpawu zomatshini zeesampulu ze-cast cast enye ye-vermicular cast iron kufuneka ihambelane ne-delineation kwiThebhile 1.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-0.2% isivuno samandla e-Rpo ayisetyenziswanga njengesiseko sokwamkelwa. Xa umceli eneemfuno ezikhethekileyo, inokumiselwa kwakhona.

Uluhlu 1 Umsebenzi woomatshini wesampulu eyodwa

Umsebenzi womatshini womfanekiso otyhidiweyo

Iipropathi zomatshini zeesampulu ze-vermicular cast iron cast ziya kuhambelana nokuchazwa kwiThebhile 2.

0.2% amandla isivuno Rpo ngokuqhelekileyo ayisetyenziswa njengesiseko ukwamkelwa. Xa umceli eneemfuno ezikhethekileyo, inokumiselwa kwakhona.

Uluhlu 2 Umsebenzi womatshini wesampulu ephosiweyo

Umsebenzi womatshini wokuphosa isampulu yomzimba

Isikhundla se-vermicular cast iron kunye neebhloko zokuvavanya kwi-casting iya kuthathela ingqalelo kwimilo yokuphosa kunye nefom yesakhiwo senkqubo yokugalela, ukwenzela ukuba ugweme imiphumo emibi kwimisebenzi yeendawo ezikufutshane, kwaye umgaqo awuyiyo. kuchaphazela umsebenzi wesakhiwo sokuphosa, ukubonakala komgangatho wokubunjwa kunye nobuninzi beebhloko zokuvavanya. Ibhloko yovavanyo iya kuthathwa kwindawo yesondo yokuphosa. Ukuze unqume ubungakanani besampuli, umthengi uya kubonisa kumthengisi icandelo elibalulekileyo lokuphosa. Ukuba umceli akanalo uluvo lwe-bias, umthengisi unokuseta indawo yokusika kwi-casting kwaye anqume ububanzi besampulu.

Ukunyuswa: intsimbi ekhutshiweyo yentsimbi yezixhobo zeValve (I)

Ngebhloko yovavanyo lokuphoswa

Iicastings apho ibhloko yovavanyo incanyathiselwe khona nazo zonke ii-castings zebhetshi enye enobunzima obufanayo bodonga.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa ubunzima bokuphosa bungaphezulu kwe-2000kg, kunye nobukhulu bodonga buyi-30mm ~ 200mm, kukhethwa ukuba uqhoboshele ibhloko yokuvavanya. Xa ubunzima bokuphosa bungaphezulu kwe-2000kg kunye nobukhulu bodonga buyi-200mm, ibhloko yokuvavanya eqhotyoshelweyo iyasetyenziswa. Ubungakanani kunye nendawo yebhlokhi yovavanyo iya kuvunyelwana ngamaqela omabini.

Ngaphandle kokuba kuchazwe ngenye indlela ngamaqela omabini, imilo kunye nobukhulu bebloko yovavanyo eqhotyoshelweyo iboniswe kumzobo

Isikhundla sebhloko yokuvavanya okongeziweyo kwi-casting kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo imilo yokuphosa kunye nefom yesakhiwo senkqubo yokugalela, ukwenzela ukuba ugweme imiphumo emibi kwimisebenzi yeendawo ezikufutshane, kwaye ungachaphazeli umsebenzi wesakhiwo. yokuphosa, umgangatho wembonakalo yokuphosa kunye nobuninzi bebhloko yovavanyo njengomgaqo.

Zonke iibhloko zovavanyo kufuneka ziphawulwe ngokucacileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wokuphosa unokulandelelwa kuyo yonke le nkqubo.

Xa i-castings ifuna unyango lobushushu, i-castings eqhotyoshelweyo iya kuhlukaniswa kwii-castings emva kokunyanga kobushushu ngaphandle kokuba kuvunyelwene ngenye indlela ngamaqela. yolula

Ingcaciso:

Umthamo wokutya isanti wovavanyo lwebhloko yovavanyo: uhlobo Ⅰ, Ⅱa kunye no-Ⅱb zincinci ngama-40 mm; Uhlobo Ⅲ encinci 80mm

Qaphela: Ngodonga olucekethekileyo okanye isinyithi, isampuli inokuthatyathwa kwibhloko yovavanyo ye-u12.5mm, kwaye umsebenzi womatshini unokuvunyelwa ngawo omabini amaqela.

Ubungakanani beeyunithi zebhloko zika-I kunye no-U zizimilimitha

Ingcaciso:

Ibhloko yovavanyo iphosa itreyi yokutya: uhlobo I, uhlobo II encinci 40mm; Uhlobo Ⅲ Encinci 80mm,

Qaphela: Ngodonga olubhityileyo okanye ulwakhiwo lwentsimbi, isampuli inokuthathwa ku-u

Ibhloko yovavanyo lomzimba

Umsebenzi womatshini wenxalenye echaziweyo yokuphosa iya kuvunyelwana ngamaqela omabini. Le misebenzi iya kulinganiswa kwisampulu esikiweyo kwindawo echaziweyo yokusasa. Isampulu yedayamitha iya kuvunyelwa ngawo omabini amaqela. Ubungakanani besampulu yokuqina buboniswe kwiFIG. 4 kunye neTheyibhile 6

Ibhloko yovavanyo iya kuthathwa kwindawo yesondo yokuphosa. Ukuze unqume ubungakanani besampuli, umthengi uya kubonisa kumthengisi icandelo elibalulekileyo lokuphosa. Ukuba umceli akanalo uluvo lwe-bias, umthengisi unokuseta indawo yokusika kwi-casting kwaye anqume ububanzi besampulu.