Isitshixo sokulawula ukhetho lwevalvu kukuvavanya iimpawu eziguqukayo

Isitshixo sokulawula ukhetho lwevalvu kukuvavanya iimpawu eziguqukayo

Uthungelwano lonikezelo lwamanzi lusasaza amanzi ompompo ukusuka kumanzi asebenzayo ukuya kumawaka emizi, ngoko ke uthungelwano lonikezelo lwamanzi lusasazwa kuzo zonke iikona zesixeko, kwaye ubude balo bunokuba ngamakhulu eekhilomitha okanye amawaka eekhilomitha.

Ukungafumaneki endaweni yamanzi kunye nemfuneko yokuphila kwabantu imisela ukubaluleka kokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kothungelwano lonikezelo lwamanzi. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yezizathu ezizimeleyo kunye nenjongo, umbhobho uhlala uneziphene, uthungelwano lwemibhobho luhlala lufuna ukuhlaziywa rhoqo, kwaye abasebenzisi bamanzi bahlala benyuka okanye behla, ngoko ke into yecandelo lemibhobho yendawo yokunqunyulwa kwamanzi kunzima ukuyilungisa. ziphephe. Ukuze unciphise ububanzi bokuvalwa kwamanzi, kuyimfuneko ukufaka i-valve yokulawula ngokufanelekileyo kumnatha wombhobho. Ngoko ke, kuthungelwano lonikezelo lwamanzi esixeko, kukho amawaka eevalve, ezisasazwa ngokungacwangciswanga phantsi kwezitrato zedolophu.

Ukusebenza kwevalve yothungelwano lonikezelo lwamanzi akuqhelekanga, ukulinda ixesha elide, xa kufuneka, i-valve kufuneka ikwazi ukuvala ngokukhawuleza, i-interception ethembekileyo; Ngokuqhelekileyo i-valve kufuneka ivulwe endaweni yokunciphisa ukulahleka kwentloko yecandelo lombhobho, ngoko i-valve luhlobo lwezixhobo zokulawula "ezigcina imikhosi iintsuku eziliwaka kwaye isebenzise imikhosi ixesha elithile"; Izinga lengqibelelo yevalve, enxulumene nokukhethwa kwevalve, ukwenziwa kwevalve, uyilo lwemibhobho, indibano yevalve, ukuvulwa kwevalve kunye nokuvala kunye nolawulo lwevalvu, ngokuqinisekileyo, esona sizathu siphambili kumgangatho wevalve.

Iivalvu kuthungelwano lonikezelo lwamanzi kwinani elikhulu, ukusabalalisa okubanzi, indima enkulu. Ngoko ke, kukho iingxaki ezininzi ekukhetheni i-valve, ukuhlolwa, ukusebenza kunye nokulawula.

Okokuqala, ukhetho lwevalve

Ivalve inevalve yebhabhathane, ivalve yesango, ivalve yebhola kunye nevalve yeplagi njalo njalo kwiindidi ezininzi, kuthungelwano lonikezelo lwamanzi sebenzisa uluhlu lwahlukile. Ukuze kuncitshiswe ubunzulu bokugquma komhlaba, ivalve yebhabhathane inokuzikhethela kwimibhobho enobubanzi obukhulu. Kwabo banempembelelo encinci kubunzulu bomhlaba, zama ukukhetha ivalve yesango; Ivalve yebhola kunye nokuphosa ivalve yeplagi kunye nokusebenza kunzima, ixabiso liyabiza, ngokuqhelekileyo lilungele umbhobho omncinci kunye nophakathi. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngenxa yophuculo lwetekhnoloji yokuphosa, indlela yokugalela isanti yentlabathi inokuthintela okanye inciphise ukusetyenzwa koomatshini, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswe iindleko, ngoko ukuba nokwenzeka kwevalve yebhola kumbhobho omkhulu wedayamitha kufanelekile ukuphononongwa. Ngokumalunga nomgca wokucanda wesayizi yecaliber, isithili ngasinye kufuneka sithathele ingqalelo ukwahlula-hlula ngokweemeko ezithile.

Ukungalungi okuphambili kwe-valve ye-butterfly kukuba i-butterfly plate ithatha icandelo elithile lomnqamlezo wamanzi, ukwandisa ukulahlekelwa kwentloko ethile; Nangona ivalve yesango ingenayo ingxaki enjalo, ukuphakama kwevalve yesango ethe nkqo yomgangatho omkhulu kuchaphazela ubunzulu bomhlaba wombhobho, kwaye ubude bevalve yesango ethe tye yecalibre enkulu yonyusa indawo ethe tye ehlalwa ngumbhobho, ochaphazela ivalve yesango ethe tye. ulungiselelo lweminye imibhobho. Ivalve yebhola kunye nevalve yeplagi igcina ivalve yesango enye, ukuchasana nokuhamba okuncinci, ukutywinwa okuthembekileyo, isenzo esiguquguqukayo, ukusebenza ngokulula kunye nokugcinwa. I-valve yeplagi nayo inenzuzo efanayo, kodwa icandelo lomnqamlezo wamanzi alikho setyhula.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, abaninzi abavelisi bevalvu basekhaya baye baphuhlisa iivalve zesango elithambileyo. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-Qieer yendabuko okanye i-valve yesango eliphindwe kabini, ezi zivalo zesango zinezi mpawu zilandelayo:

1. Umzimba wevalve yesango elithambileyo, isigqubuthelo sevalvu kusetyenziswa ukuphosa okuchanekileyo, ukubumba, akusekho ukusetyenzwa ngoomatshini, musa ukusebenzisa umsesane wobhedu otywiniweyo, ugcina iintsimbi ezingenayo intsimbi;

2. Umzantsi wevalve yesango lokutywina akukho mihadi, akukho ntsalela yande, ukuvulwa kwevalve yesango kunye nesantya sokuvala sisezantsi;

3. Irubha yokutywina ethambileyo yobungakanani bepleyiti yepleyiti, ukutshintshiselana okunamandla.

Ke ngoko, ivalve yesango lokutywina elithambileyo liya kuba ngumkhombandlela wophuhliso wevalve yesango, kodwa kunye neshishini lokubonelela ngamanzi likulungele ukusebenzisa ivalve. Xa uvula kwaye uvala i-valve yesango elithambileyo, ungavali ufile kakhulu, ngokude nje umphumo wokutywinwa unokufumaneka, ngaphandle koko akulula ukuvula okanye ukugqoka i-peel.

Uninzi lweevalvu zamabhabhathane ezisetyenziswa kushishino lokubonelela ngamanzi zizivalo zebhabhathane ezithambileyo. Kwi-valve ye-butterfly, i-rubber ring ilula ukuba yonakaliswe kwinkqubo yokufakela, kwaye ipropati yokutywina iyachaphazeleka. Abavelisi abaninzi baye bazisa iivalvu zebhabhathane zentsimbi endaweni yeevalvu zebhabhathane zerubha. Ivalve yebhabhathane yentsimbi yesitywina ngenxa yokuba ukunwebeka kwetywina kuncinci, ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwesakhiwo se-eccentric, ngakumbi ngesakhiwo esine-dimensional eccentric kunengqiqo ngakumbi.

Eyesibini, ukusebenza kwevalvu kunye novavanyo

Ubume bevalve bufuna umgangatho othembekileyo kunye nokusebenza okugqwesileyo. Xa uvavanya ukusebenza kwevalvu kunye novavanyo lokusebenza, la manqaku alandelayo kufuneka aqatshelwe:

1. Ivalve iguquguquka kwaye ilula ukuvula nokuvala phantsi koxinzelelo lwamanzi asebenzayo. I-torque yokuvula ifunyenwe nge-torque wrench phantsi koxinzelelo lwamanzi asebenzayo.

2. Ivalve ivalwe ngokuqinileyo, phantsi kwe-1.1 amaxesha oxinzelelo lwamanzi olusebenzayo aluvuzi okanye ukuvuza kuyahlangabezana neemfuno eziqhelekileyo (i-valve ye-butterfly etywiniweyo), efuna ukuba amacala amabini evalve atshintshe ukuthwala uxinzelelo, ngokulandelanayo, kunye nokuvulwa okuphindaphindiweyo. kunye nokuvala ukuphumeza umphumo ofanayo. Iimfuno zobubanzi obuhlukeneyo, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeevalvu kufuneka zibe kumenzi kunye nokuvavanya iiyunithi eziqeqeshiweyo kunye nokuvulwa komthwalo kunye nokuvala uvavanyo lobomi. Olu vavanyo lukwabandakanya ukuvavanywa kokusebenza kwevalve shaft seal.

3. Ivalve ukuphuphuma umthamo womelele, ingakumbi ivelufa butterfly, ukuxhathisa ipleyiti butterfly ukuphuphuma ukuba mncinci, ukuphuphuma indawo esebenzayo ukuba ibe nkulu. Oku kufuna iintlobo ngeentlobo zeedamitha, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeevalvu kufuneka zibe nokuzimisela kokumelana nokuhamba.

4. UBUKHONKO BOMZIMBA WE-VALVE UKUTHWALA UXINZELELO LWAMANZI KUFANELE lungqinelane NOMbhobho, oko kukuthi, ivalve inokuthwala iimfuno zoxinzelelo lovavanyo lwemibhobho phantsi kwemeko evulekileyo.

Isithathu, i-lining yevalve kunye ne-anticorrosion yangaphandle

I-valve ISIsixhobo sokuhambisa amanzi okusela. Umgca womzimba wevalvu kufuneka ungabi netyhefu, unganyangeki, ungagugi kwaye ucoceke, ukuze ukuxhathisa ukuhamba kube kuncinci kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Okufana nepleyiti yoxinzelelo lwevalve, ibholithi kunye nezinto zebhabhathane zahlukile, kulula ukubola kwi-electrochemical, kunye ne-corrosion rust eveliswayo ifikelela kumphezulu wokutywina, ifuthe lesiphumo sokutywinwa kwevalve, enye ivalve efakwe kumngxuma wokutsala amanzi, ukufunxwa emanzini. Kubalulekile ukuthintela umhlwa, ngoko ke uphuculo lwe-lining yenzelwe ukugquma, ukuthintela ukurusa ukuvelisa ungcoliseko lwesibini lwamanzi.

I-EXTERNAL ANTI-CORROSION yevalve inokuthatyathwa emva kokuguliswa kunye nokucoca isanti, kwaye emva koko i-electrostatic yokutshiza i-non-toxic epoxy resin anti-corrosion, okanye ungaqala ngokubrasha amaxesha angama-1-2 ebomvu ngelothe yepeyinti, kwaye emva koko ibrashi kabini anti- ipeyinti yomhlwa.

Okwesine, ukusebenza kolawulo lwevalvu

Ingaba i-valve inokuvulwa kwaye ivalwe kakuhle, kungekhona ekukhethweni kwe-valve ifanelekileyo, umgangatho omhle wemveliso, ukwakhiwa ngokucokisekileyo kunye nokufakwa, kodwa kunye nokulawula okucingayo, ukuze udlale "amawaka eentsuku, isiphumo sesikhashana". Ulawulo olulungileyo lomsebenzi lubonakaliswa kule miba mithathu ilandelayo:

1. Idatha yobugcisa iyafumaneka

I-valve yedatha ye-TECHNICAL equka umyalelo we-valve factory, i-valve emva kwephepha lokuhlola ukuthengwa, i-valve assembly kunye nekhadi lendawo, iirekhodi zokugcinwa kwevalve. Kutshintsho lwezitrato, ikhadi levalvu kufuneka lihlaziywe kwangethuba, kwaye uzame ukuseka inkqubo yolawulo yeGIS.

2. Ulawulo olululo lokusebenza kwevalvu

Iimfuno zomgangatho wokulawulwa kokusebenza kwevalve zibandakanya ivalve kufuneka ivalwe ngokuqinileyo, ivalve shaft seal packing ayivuzi, ivalve ivuleke kwaye ivale ukukhanya, isalathiso esihle. Umsebenzi wemihla ngemihla wokulawula ukusebenza kwevalvu ubandakanya irekhodi yokuvunywa koluhlu lwevalvu yokuvula nokuvalwa kunye nokuphuculwa kwerekhodi yokusebenza, ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwerekhodi yokuhlolwa rhoqo kwevalvu, njl. ngokuhambelana nobukhulu becaliber, kuyimfuneko ukumisela umjikelo wokufumanisa ohlukeneyo. Kwisiphoso esifunyenweyo kufuneka sibeke phambili isicwangciso sokugcinwa, unyango olufike ngexesha, ngakumbi emva kokuvala ivalve ayikwazi ukuvulwa kufuneka iphathwe njengokugqabhuka kombhobho wokulungisa ngokukhawuleza.

3. I-Valve kakuhle kwimeko efanelekileyo

IMEKO YEvalve kakuhle IHLANGANISA UKUBA I-masonry yevalve ihambelana kakuhle nemigangatho yoshishino kunye neenkcukacha zoyilo, unxibelelwano phakathi kogutyulo lomthombo kunye nomgangatho wendlela ulungile, indawo yomngxuma wevalve ichanekile, akukho nkunkuma kunye nogutyulo equleni, kwaye akukho mhlwa phezu komphezulu wevalve. Ukuba iimeko zivuma, imilinganiselo yobuchwephesha yokuhanjiswa komoya ixesha elide kwivalvu yevalvu enkulu kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo. Iqula kufuneka lihlolwe rhoqo, ilahleko kunye nokonakala kwesigqubuthelo somthombo kufuneka kujongwane nawo kwangethuba.
Isitshixo sokulawula ukhetho lwevalvu kukuvavanya iimpawu eziguqukayo
Nangona ezinye izinto zemveli zisabalulekile, zivame ukugxila kwi-"static" yokusebenza kwevalve. Ngokwenene zilinganiswa "kwibhentshi," kodwa iziphumo ezinjalo zinzima ukuxelela ukuba i-valve iya kwenza njani phantsi kweemeko zokusebenza zangempela. Ithiyori eqhelekileyo icebisa ukuba uhlengahlengiso olucokisekileyo lwezinto ezizinzileyo luya kubangela ukusebenza kakuhle kwevalve (kwaye ngaloo ndlela yonke isekethe). Ngoku, nangona kunjalo, siyaqonda ukuba oku akusoloko kunjalo.
Amawaka okuhlolwa kwentsebenzo aqhutywe ngabaphandi kunye nabavelisi baye babonisa ukuba ezininzi iipesenti ze-50 zeevalvu ezisetyenziswayo, ezininzi zazo ezikhethiweyo ngokusekelwe kwiingcamango zendabuko, aziphumelelanga ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwe-loop yokulawula. Izifundo ezilandelayo zibonisa ukuba iimpawu eziguquguqukayo zevalve zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni ukuhlukahluka kokuhamba. Kwiinkqubo ezininzi ezibaluleke kakhulu, nokuba i-1% yokunciphisa ukuhluka kwenkqubo kunye neevalve ezahlukeneyo kunokuphucula kakhulu imveliso kunye nokunciphisa inkunkuma, okubangelwa inzuzo yezoqoqosho engaphezulu kwe-1 yezigidi zeedola. Ngokucacileyo, inzuzo enjalo yezoqoqosho isenza sikwazi ngokupheleleyo ukukhanyela isenzo sendabuko, oko kukuthi, kuphela ngokwexabiso lokuqala lokuthenga i-valve ukugqiba ukuba uthenge.
Okwesibini, ubulumko obuqhelekileyo buhlala bukhona ukuba ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo yokuphucula rhoqo kuvela ekuphuculweni kwezixhobo zokulawula kwigumbi lokulawula. Nangona kunjalo, idatha yokuvavanya ibonisa ukuba iimpawu eziguquguqukayo zevalve zinokuba nefuthe elikhulu ekusebenzeni kwe-loop phantsi kwesixhobo sokulawula esifanayo. Ukuba ukuchaneka kwe-valve yokulawula kuphela i-5%, ngoko akuncedi ukuchitha imali eninzi ukuqwalasela inkqubo yesixhobo sokulawula esiphezulu kunye nokuchaneka kokulawula kwe-0.5%.
Uhlobo lwevalvu
KUPHANDO LOKUFUMANA Ivalvu EFANELEKILEYO UKUSETYENZISWA, IINTLOBO EZINE ZESISEKO ZEVAVAVU ZOKULAWULA KUFANELE zihlolwe kuqala, ezizezi, ivalve yebhola yekheji, ivalve yebhola edadayo ejikelezayo, ivalve eccentric kunye nevalve yebhabhathane.
Iivalve zebhola zeCage ziyafumaneka kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zeediski kwaye ngaloo ndlela zihlangabezana neemfuno zezicelo ezininzi, zizenze zibe ngundoqo phakathi kweevalvu. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeentsimbi zokuhlengahlengisa ivalve yebhola yekheji, kubandakanywa iziqwenga zohlengahlengiso olulungeleleneyo, iziqwenga zohlengahlengiso ezingalungelelananga, iziqwenga zohlengahlengiso lwesihlalo esilastiki, iziqwenga zohlengahlengiso olunyanzelweyo kunye neziqwenga zohlengahlengiso olupheleleyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ulungelelwaniso olwahlukeneyo lwephepha lohlengahlengiso lomzimba luyatshintshwa.
Iivalvu zebhola yekheji nazo zineengxaki ezininzi. Ubungakanani bevalve bukhawulelwe (ngokuqhelekileyo ii-intshi ezili-16); Okwesibini, xa kuthelekiswa nomgca wevalve yokubona yenkcazo efanayo (njengevalve yebhola edadayo okanye ivalve yebhabhathane), umthamo wayo uphantsi; Okwesithathu, ixabiso liphezulu, ngakumbi ivalve yebhola yekheji enkulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza okugqwesileyo kweevalvu zebhola yekheji ekunciphiseni ukuguquguquka kwenkqubo kaninzi kunokubuyekeza ezi ntsilelo.
Umyinge wokuqukuqela kwevalve yebhola edadayo ejikelezayo inkulu kunevalufa yekheji yebhola ekwinqanaba elifanayo. Nangona uluhlu lolawulo lweevalvu zebhola ezijikelezayo lulukhulu kunolo lweevalvu zebhola yekheji, lusaphezulu kunezinye iintlobo ezininzi zeevalvu. Ukwehla koxinzelelo oluvumelekileyo kunye noluhlu lobushushu lwevalve yebhola edadayo ejikelezayo zincinci kunezo zevalve yebhola yekheji. Zidla ngokuba noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-7.0x105kg/m2 kwaye zifanelekile ukusetyenziswa kumaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwama-398 ° C. Iivalve zebhola ezidadayo azifanelekanga kulwelo oluthambekele kwi-cavitation, kwaye zinokwenza ingxolo enkulu xa zisetyenziselwa iigesi ezine ukuhla koxinzelelo oluphezulu.
Iivalvu ze-Eccentric zinokukhuhlana okuncinci kwaye amaxabiso aphantsi kuneevalvu ezidadayo. Uyilo olulodwa lwesakhiwo lwenza ukuba luchaneke ngakumbi ukulawula ukuhlukahluka kokuhamba. Oku kubonakala kwimveliso entsha kaFisher, iBV500. Ukongeza, iingenelo kunye nokungonakali kwevalve ye-eccentric kunye nevalve yebhola edadayo ayifani kakhulu.
Ngokokusebenza kwevalve yokulinganisa, ivalve yebhabhathane yeyevalve yomgangatho ophantsi. Iivalve zebhabhathane zinokuhamba okuphezulu, ixabiso eliphantsi, kwaye zifumaneka kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo. Noko ke, ivalve yebhabhathane inegophe elinye kuphela elinomlinganiselo olinganayo, nto leyo ethintela ivalve yebhabhathane ekunciphiseni ukuguquguquka kwenkqubo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, iivalve zebhabhathane kufuneka zisetyenziswe kuphela xa umthwalo ulungisiwe. Nangona iivalve zebhabhathane ZEZA KULUHLUKO LWE-DIAMETERS KWAYE ZINOKUZENZISWA KUNYE NEZINTO EZINGAKUMBI ZOKUGQIBELA, IIVAVAVU ZEBUTTERFLY AKAZIHLANGABEZANI neeMFUNO ze-ANSI zobuso ngobuso kwaye azijongiselwanga UKUSETYENZISWA KWI-SITSYSIS I-SITSSIS FLUID.