Chinsinsi chowongolera kusankha ma valve ndikuwunika mawonekedwe amphamvu

Chinsinsi chowongolera kusankha ma valve ndikuwunika mawonekedwe amphamvu

Maukonde operekera madzi amagawira madzi apampopi kuchokera kumadzi akugwira ntchito kwa mabanja masauzande ambiri, kotero maukonde operekera madzi amagawidwa m'makona onse a mzindawo, ndipo kutalika kwake kumatha kukhala mazana a kilomita kapena masauzande a kilomita.

Kusasinthika kwa madzi ndi kufunikira kwa moyo wa anthu kumatsimikizira kufunikira kwa ntchito yabwino yaukonde wamadzi. Komabe, chifukwa cha zifukwa zomveka komanso zolinga, payipi nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi zolakwika zina, maukonde a chitoliro nthawi zonse amafunika kusinthidwa nthawi zonse, ndipo ogwiritsa ntchito madzi nthawi zambiri amayenera kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa, kotero chodabwitsa cha gawo la chitoliro chapakati pa madzi odulidwa kumakhala kovuta. pewani. Kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa kutsekeka kwa madzi, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa valavu yowongolera bwino mu network ya chitoliro. Choncho, mumsewu wopezera madzi mumzindawu, pali ma valve ambirimbiri, omwe amagawidwa mwachisawawa pansi pa misewu ya mumzinda.

Kugwira ntchito kwa valve ya madzi osungira madzi sikuchitika kawirikawiri, kuyimirira kwa nthawi yaitali, kamodzi kofunikira, valavu iyenera kutseka mwamsanga, kutsekeka kodalirika; Kawirikawiri valavu iyenera kutsegulidwa kuti ichepetse kutayika kwa mutu wa gawo la chitoliro, kotero valavu ndi mtundu wa zida zolamulira zomwe "zimasunga asilikali kwa masiku chikwi ndikugwiritsa ntchito asilikali kwa kanthawi"; Mlingo wa umphumphu wa vavu, wokhudzana ndi kusankha kwa valve, kupanga ma valve, mapangidwe a mapaipi, msonkhano wa valve, kutsegula ndi kutseka kwa valve, ndithudi, chifukwa chachikulu ndi khalidwe la valve.

Mavavu mu maukonde madzi kotunga ambiri, kufalitsa lonse, lalikulu udindo. Chifukwa chake, pali zovuta zambiri pakusankha ma valve, kuyang'anira, magwiridwe antchito ndi kasamalidwe.

Choyamba, kusankha vavu

Vavu imakhala ndi valavu yagulugufe, valavu yachipata, valavu ya mpira ndi valavu ya pulagi ndi zina zotero, muzitsulo zamagetsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana. Pofuna kuchepetsa kuya kwa dothi, valavu ya butterfly ndiyosankha pamapaipi okhala ndi mainchesi akulu. Kwa iwo omwe alibe mphamvu pang'ono pakuya kwa dothi, yesani kusankha valavu yachipata; Mpira valavu ndi pulagi valavu kuponyera ndi processing n'kovuta, mtengo ndi okwera mtengo, ambiri oyenera payipi yaing'ono ndi sing'anga caliber. M'zaka zaposachedwa, chifukwa cha kuwongolera kwaukadaulo woponyera utomoni, njira yoponyera mchenga imatha kupewa kapena kuchepetsa mawotchi, motero kuchepetsa mtengo, kotero kuthekera kwa valavu ya mpira pamapaipi akulu akulu ndikofunikira kuyang'ana. Pankhani yoyika malire a kukula kwake, chigawo chilichonse chikuyenera kugawanika motengera momwe zinthu zilili.

Choyipa chachikulu cha valavu ya butterfly ndikuti mbale yagulugufe imakhala ndi gawo lina lamadzi, ndikuwonjezera kutayika kwa mutu; Ngakhale valavu ya pachipata ilibe vuto loterolo, kutalika kwa valavu yayikulu yowongoka ya chipata kumakhudza kuya kwa dothi la payipi, ndipo kutalika kwa valavu yayikulu yopingasa yopingasa kumawonjezera malo opingasa okhala ndi payipi, zomwe zimakhudza kupanga mapaipi ena. Valve ya mpira ndi valavu ya pulagi imasunga valavu yachipata kukhala imodzi, kukana kwamadzi pang'ono, kusindikiza kodalirika, kusinthasintha, ntchito yabwino ndi kukonza. Valve ya pulagi imakhalanso ndi ubwino wofanana, koma gawo la mtanda wa madzi silozungulira.

M'zaka zaposachedwa, opanga ma valve ambiri apakhomo apanga ma valve otsekemera osindikizira. Poyerekeza ndi ma valve achikhalidwe a Qieer kapena ofanana ndi ma valve a zipata ziwiri, ma valve apakhomo ali ndi izi:

1. Thupi la valve yachipata chofewa, chivundikiro cha vavu pogwiritsa ntchito kuponyera mwatsatanetsatane, kuumba, osagwiritsanso ntchito makina, osagwiritsa ntchito mphete yamkuwa yosindikizidwa, kupulumutsa zitsulo zopanda chitsulo;

2. Pansi pa valve yotsekera pachipata palibe maenje, palibe zotsalira, kutseguka kwa valve yachipata ndi kutseka kulephera kutsika;

3. Yofewa kusindikiza mphira akalowa valavu mbale kukula yunifolomu, amphamvu kusinthana.

Choncho, valavu yofewa yosindikizira idzakhala njira yachitukuko ya valve yachipata, komanso makampani operekera madzi akulolera kugwiritsa ntchito valve. Mukatsegula ndi kutseka valavu yofewa yosindikizira, musatseke akufa kwambiri, malinga ngati kusindikiza kungathe kukwaniritsidwa, mwinamwake sikophweka kutsegula kapena kuyika peel.

Mavavu agulugufe ambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani operekera madzi ndi ma valve agulugufe osindikizira. Kwa valavu ya butterfly, mphete ya mphira ndi yosavuta kuonongeka pakuyika, ndipo katundu wosindikiza amakhudzidwa. Opanga ambiri ayambitsa mavavu agulugufe osindikizira zitsulo m'malo mwa mavavu agulugufe a mphira. Chitsulo chosindikizira gulugufe valavu chifukwa elasticity wa chisindikizo ndi yaing'ono, ntchito ambiri kamangidwe eccentric, makamaka atatu azithunzithunzi eccentric dongosolo ndi wololera.

Chachiwiri, ntchito ya valve ndi kuyesa

Zopadera za valve zimafuna khalidwe lake lodalirika komanso ntchito yabwino kwambiri. Powunika momwe ma valve amagwirira ntchito komanso kuyezetsa magwiridwe antchito, mfundo zotsatirazi ziyenera kuzindikirika:

1. Valavu imakhala yosinthasintha komanso yopepuka kuti itsegule ndi kutseka pansi pa kuthamanga kwa madzi. Makokedwe otsegulira amazindikiridwa ndi torque wrench pansi pa kuthamanga kwa madzi.

2. Valavu imatsekedwa mwamphamvu, pansi pa 1.1 nthawi yomwe madzi akugwira ntchito samataya kapena kutayikira kumakwaniritsa zofunikira (zitsulo zosindikizidwa za butterfly valve), zomwe zimafuna kuti mbali ziwiri za valve zisinthe motsatana, motsatira, ndi kutsegula kangapo. ndi kutseka kukwaniritsa zotsatira zomwezo. Zofunikira za ma diameter osiyanasiyana, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma valve iyenera kukhala mwa wopanga ndikuyesa mayunitsi oyenerera ndi kutsegula katundu ndi kutseka kuyesa moyo. Mayesowa amaphatikizanso kuwunika kwa magwiridwe antchito a valve shaft seal.

3. Vavu kusefukira mphamvu ndi wamphamvu, makamaka valavu gulugufe, gulugufe mbale kusefukira kukana kukhala yaing'ono, kusefukira ogwira m'dera kukhala lalikulu. Izi zimafuna zosiyanasiyana diameters, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mavavu ayenera otaya kukana coefficient kutsimikiza.

4. KUTHENGA KWA THUPI LA VALVE KUNYAMULIRA KUPONZEDWA KWA MADZI KUYENERA KUKHALA NDI payipi, ndiko kuti, valavu imatha kunyamula zofunikira za kukakamizidwa kwa mapaipi pansi pa malo otseguka.

Chachitatu, akalowa valavu ndi anticorrosion kunja

VALVE NDI Zipangizo zotumizira madzi akumwa. Mphepete mwa thupi la valve iyenera kukhala yopanda poizoni, yosagwirizana ndi dzimbiri, yosavala komanso yoyera, kotero kuti kukana koyenda kumakhala kochepa kwambiri. Monga valavu mbale kuthamanga mbale, bawuti ndi agulugufe zakuthupi n'zosiyana, n'zosavuta dzimbiri electrochemical, ndi dzimbiri dzimbiri kwaiye amafikira kusindikiza pamwamba, mphamvu ya valavu kusindikiza kwenikweni, valavu ina anaika mu borehole, akuwukha m'madzi, izo. n'kofunika kupewa dzimbiri, Choncho kusintha akalowa cholinga kuphimba, kuteteza dzimbiri kubweretsa yachiwiri kuipitsa madzi.

The EXTERNAL ANTI-CorROSION YA valavu ikhoza kutengedwa mutatha kupukuta ndi kuyeretsa mchenga, ndiyeno kupopera mankhwala opanda poizoni epoxy resin anti-corrosion, kapena mutha kupaka utoto 1-2 nthawi zofiira zofiira, kenako tsukani kawiri zotsutsa- utoto wa dzimbiri.

Chachinayi, kasamalidwe ka ma valve

Kaya valavu ikhoza kutsegulidwa ndi kutsekedwa bwino, osati kwa kusankha kwa valve ndi koyenera, khalidwe labwino la mankhwala, kumanga mosamala ndi kuyika, komanso kuyang'anira moganizira, kuti azisewera "masiku masauzande, osakhalitsa". Kuwongolera bwino kwa ntchito kumawonekera m'magawo atatu awa:

1. Deta zamakono zilipo

Mavavu TECHNICAL deta kuphatikizapo malangizo fakitale valavu, valavu pambuyo fufuzani pepala pepala, mavavu msonkhano ndi udindo khadi, mavavu mbiri kukonza ma valve. Pakusintha kwamisewu, khadi ya valve iyenera kusinthidwa munthawi yake, ndikuyesetsa kukhazikitsa dongosolo loyang'anira GIS.

2. Kusamalira bwino ntchito ya valve

Zomwe zimafunikira pakuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a valve zikuphatikizapo valavu iyenera kutsekedwa mwamphamvu, valavu ya valve shaft yosindikizira sichikudumpha, valavu yotseguka ndi yotseka, chisonyezero chabwino. Ntchito ya tsiku ndi tsiku yoyang'anira ntchito ya valve imaphatikizapo mbiri yovomerezeka ya mndandanda wa ntchito yotsegula ndi kutseka kwa valve ndi kupititsa patsogolo mbiri ya ntchito, kutsegula ndi kutseka mbiri ya valve yoyendera nthawi zonse, etc. Kwa valve yomwe sinagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali, malinga ndi kukula kwa caliber, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuzungulira kosiyanasiyana. Pakuti anapeza cholakwika ayenera kuika patsogolo yokonza dongosolo, yake chithandizo, makamaka pambuyo kutseka valavu sangathe anatsegula ayenera kuchitidwa ngati mwadzidzidzi kukonza chitoliro anaphulika.

3. Vavu bwino bwino

ZOYENERA ZA valve bwino AMAPHATIKIRA KUTI KUKHALA KWA valavu kumayenderana ndi miyezo ya mafakitale ndi mapangidwe apangidwe, kugwirizana pakati pa chivundikiro cha chitsime ndi pamwamba pa msewu ndi bwino, malo a dzenje la valve ndi olondola, palibe zinyalala ndi zimbudzi m'chitsime, ndipo palibe dzimbiri pamwamba pa valavu. Ngati mikhalidwe ikuloleza, njira zaukadaulo zakuwongolera mpweya kwanthawi yayitali m'mimba mwake Zitsime za valve ziyenera kuganiziridwa. Chitsime cha valve chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse, kutaya ndi kuwonongeka kwa chivundikiro cha chitsime kuyenera kuchitidwa panthawi yake.
Chinsinsi chowongolera kusankha ma valve ndikuwunika mawonekedwe amphamvu
Ngakhale kuti zinthu zina zachikhalidwe ndizofunikabe, zimakonda kuyang'ana pa "static" ntchito ya valve. Amayesedwa pa "benchi," koma zotsatira zotere zimakhala zovuta kudziwa momwe valavu idzagwirira ntchito pansi pa zochitika zenizeni. Chiphunzitso chodziwika bwino chimasonyeza kuti kusintha kosasunthika kwa zinthu zosasunthika kumapangitsa kuti valve igwire bwino (ndipo motero dera lonse). Tsopano, komabe, tikuzindikira kuti izi sizikhala choncho nthawi zonse.
Zofufuza masauzande ambiri zomwe ochita kafukufuku ndi opanga zidawonetsa kuti pafupifupi 50 peresenti ya mavavu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ambiri omwe amasankhidwa potengera miyambo yakale, sagwira ntchito pakuwongolera magwiridwe antchito. Kafukufuku wotsatira akuwonetsa kuti mawonekedwe amphamvu a valve amathandiza kwambiri kuchepetsa kusinthasintha kwa kuyenda. M'njira zambiri zovuta, ngakhale kuchepetsa 1% kusinthasintha kwa ndondomeko ndi ma valve osiyanasiyana kungathandize kwambiri kupanga zokolola ndi kuchepetsa zowonongeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti phindu lachuma likhale loposa $ 1 miliyoni. Mwachiwonekere, zopindulitsa zachuma zoterezi zimatipangitsa ife kukana kwathunthu mwambo wachikhalidwe, ndiko kuti, malinga ndi mtengo wogula woyamba wa valve kuti tisankhe kugula.
Kachiwiri, nzeru wamba nthawi zonse zakhala kuti kusintha kwa kukhathamiritsa kwa njira nthawi zonse kumabwera kuchokera pakukweza zida zowongolera muchipinda chowongolera. Komabe, deta yoyesera imasonyeza kuti mawonekedwe amphamvu a valve akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zazikulu pakuchita kwa loop pansi pa chida chowongolera chomwecho. Ngati kulondola kwa valavu yowongolera ndi 5% yokha, ndiye kuti sizikuthandizira kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri kuti mukonze zida zowongolera zida zowongolera ndi kuwongolera kwa 0,5%.
Mtundu wa valve
PAKUPEZEKA VAVU YOYENERA KUGWIRITSA NTCHITO, MITUNDU INAYI YOYENERA YA MAVAVU OTSATIRA NTCHITO IYENERA kufufuzidwa kaye, monga, valavu ya khola, valavu ya rotary float ball, eccentric valve ndi butterfly valve.
Ma valve a mpira wa khola amapezeka mumitundu yosiyanasiyana ya disk ndipo motero amakwaniritsa zosowa za ntchito zambiri, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala ofunika kwambiri pakati pa ma valve. Pali mitundu yambiri ya zidutswa zosinthira ma valve a khola, kuphatikiza zidutswa zosinthika bwino, zidutswa zosinthika zosasinthika, zidutswa zosinthira mipando zotanuka, zidutswa zosinthira zomangika ndi zidutswa zonse zosinthira. Nthawi zambiri, masinthidwe osiyanasiyana osintha a thupi amatha kusinthana.
Ma valve a mpira wa khola alinso ndi zovuta zingapo. Kukula kwa valve kumakhala kochepa (nthawi zambiri mainchesi 16); Chachiwiri, poyerekeza ndi mzere wa valavu yowonekera mofanana (monga valavu ya mpira woyandama kapena valavu ya butterfly), mphamvu yake ndi yochepa; Chachitatu, mtengo wake ndi wapamwamba kwambiri, makamaka valavu yayikulu ya mpira wa khola. Komabe, ntchito yabwino kwambiri ya mavavu a mpira wa khola pakuchepetsa kusinthasintha kwa njira nthawi zambiri kuposa kubwezera zofooka izi.
Kuthamanga kwa valavu ya rotary float ball valve ndi yaikulu kuposa ya cageball valve yamtundu womwewo. Ngakhale kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mavavu a rotary float ball valves ndi yaikulu kuposa ya ma valve a mpira wa khola, akadali apamwamba kuposa mitundu ina yambiri ya ma valve. Kutsika kovomerezeka ndi kutentha kwa valavu ya rotary float ball ndi yaying'ono kuposa ya valavu ya mpira wa khola. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kutsika kwamphamvu kwambiri kwa 7.0x105kg/m2 ndipo ndi oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa kutentha kosachepera 398 ° C. Ma valve oyandama a mpira sali oyenera kumadzi omwe amakhala ndi cavitation, ndipo nthawi zambiri amatha kupanga phokoso lalikulu akamagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mpweya. kutsika kwamphamvu kwambiri.
Ma valve a eccentric amakhala ndi mikangano yocheperako komanso yotsika mtengo kuposa ma valve oyandama. Kukonzekera kwapadera kwapangidwe kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zolondola kwambiri kuti zithetse kusinthasintha kwa kayendedwe kake. Izi zikuwonekera pachinthu chatsopano cha Fisher, BV500. Kuonjezera apo, ubwino ndi kuipa kwa eccentric valve ndi valavu ya mpira woyandama sizosiyana kwambiri.
Malinga ndi momwe valavu imagwirira ntchito, vavu yagulugufe ndi ya valavu yotsika. Ma valve a butterfly ali ndi kutuluka kwakukulu, mtengo wotsika, ndipo amapezeka mumitundu yosiyanasiyana. Komabe, valavu ya gulugufe ili ndi kakhota kamodzi kokha kofanana, zomwe zimalepheretsa valavu ya gulugufe kuchepetsa kusinthasintha. Pachifukwa ichi, ma valve a butterfly ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha katunduyo atakhazikika. Ngakhale ma valve a butterfly amabwera m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya DIAMETER NDIPO AMAPANGIDWA NDI ZOTHANDIZA ZAMBIRI, MAVAVU A BUTERFLY SAMAKHUDZANA NDI ZOFUNIKA KWA ANSI KWA MASO NDI MAKHALIDWE NDIPO SIKUFUNIKA KUGWIRITSA NTCHITO MU VACUOLATING FLUID NOSISID.