Kusukela ngo-2012, uMnyango Wezamandla ubulokhu uxoxa ngesiphakamiso sokwakhiwa kwendawo yokulahla imfucuza kusukela ekubhidlizweni kwezakhiwo ku-Y-12, indawo equkethe imisebe esezingeni eliphansi evela ku-Manhattan Project umsebenzi owenziwa lapho.
Izikhulu zikahulumeni zikhethe indawo enamahlathi e-Oak Ridge Preserve, engekude ne-Y-12, emaphethelweni e-Bear Creek, egelezela e-Clinch River.Abalawuli bezemvelo e-Tennessee bebelokhu bebuyekeza izinhlelo futhi behambisa ukuphawula isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi.
Nakuba izinhlangano zendawo zezemvelo zivuma ukuthi imfucumfucu yamashumi eminyaka kufanele iye ndawana thize, akucaci esiphakamisweni esinamakhasi ayi-100 ukuthi indawo entsha yokulahla imfucumfucu izobavikela kanjani abantu kanye nemvelo ekuvuzeni kwemisebe.
“Uma ususa ukungcola ezakhiweni ukuyise emfuleni, kungenzeka ukuthi uyakususa empahleni ye-DOE, kodwa hhayi ukukucosha,” kusho u-Amanda Garcia we-Southern Environmental Law Centre. “Usabalalisa kabanzi emphakathini.”
Abezemvelo abakhulume ne-Knox News abaphikisani ngokuphelele nokulahlwa kwemfucuza, kodwa bathi imininingwane yohlelo kunzima ukuyithola.
IHhovisi loMnyango wezaMandla wezokuPhathwa kweMvelo libambe umhlangano womphakathi e-Oak Ridge ukuze licele ukuphawula komphakathi mayelana nezinhlelo zalo zokwakha indawo yokulahla imfucuza enemisebe engamahektha angu-92 e-Bear Creek Valley. Le ngqungquthela izoba ngoLwesibili e-Pollard Technology Conference Centre. 210 Badger Ave, Oak Ridge, kusukela ngo-6-8 pm.
"UMnyango Wezamandla uvula isikhathi sokuphawula komphakathi izinsuku ezingu-30 futhi ubambe umhlangano womphakathi ukuze unikeze imininingwane kanye nezimpendulo," kusho okhulumela i-DOE uBen Williams ku-imeyili eya ku-Knox News. Izinkinga zomphakathi ezihlobene nezihloko ezivezwe ephepheni lamaqiniso.”
Abaphathi bezemvelo, abasebenzi baseTennessee asebethathe umhlalaphansi boMnyango Wokongiwa Kwemvelo kanye nezakhamizi zase-Oak Ridge bathi iphepha lemininingwane yokulahlwa kwemfucumfucu alizange likhulume ngezinkinga ezilokhu ziqhubeka kusukela kwahlongozwa iphrojekthi okokuqala ngo-2011.
Ukuguqula imfucuza ibe izicathulo nezingubo: I-Oak Ridge National Laboratory ishintsha ukungcola kube uphethiloli, ipulasitiki kanye…nezingubo ezisezingeni eliphezulu?
Besaba ukuthi ngolunye usuku amanzi azokhukhula indawo yokulahla imfucumfucu, okungenzeka ukuthi ichitheke bese ithwala izinto ezingcolisa amanzi phansi nomfula. I-East Tennessee iyana - futhi ngokwandayo - indawo yokulahla imfucumfucu isesigodini semimango emaphethelweni omfudlana.
“Bayasibuyisela emuva,” kusho u-Axel Ringer, umongameli wezokongiwa kwemvelo wesifunda saseTennessee seSierra Club.” Besicela imininingwane eyengeziwe ukuze siphawule, kodwa abakwenzi lokho.”
URinger uthe uMnyango wezaMandla wehlulekile ukunikeza imininingwane yokuthi amanzi angaphansi komhlaba azodlula kanjani kule ndawo ehlongozwayo yokulahla imfucumfucu, uhlobo nenani lemfucuza ezolahlwa, nokuthi le ndawo yokulahla izoyilimaza yini iBear Creek, ekhishwa kalula endaweni edumile. . umzila wezintaba.
I-DOE ayizange iphendule imibuzo ye-Knox News mayelana nokukhathazeka komphakathi.Ekuphawuleni komphakathi, nokho, uMnyango Wezamandla wase-US uthe awuvumelani nakancane nokugxekwa kokuthi izindawo zokulahla imfucumfucu ezikhona aziphathwanga kahle.Futhi abavumelani nokuthi indawo yokulahla imfucumfucu entsha ayizange. ifundwe ngokwanele.
"Kunamakhulu emithombo e-Bear Creek Valley enamashumi eminyaka edatha," kubhala i-DOE. "Njengoba umklamo uqhubeka, umklamo uzolungiswa njengoba kudingeka ukuze kubhekwe idatha entsha."
Indawo entsha yokulahla imfucumfucu iklanyelwe ukwandisa umthamo wokucubungula udoti okhipha imisebe eyingozi esezingeni eliphansi njengengxenye yokukhuculwa kwezindawo zenuzi osekudlule amashumi eminyaka ezisele ku-Manhattan Project kanye ne-Cold War.UMnyango Wezamandla wase-US okwamanje usebenzisa enye indawo yokulahla imfucumfucu, i-Environmental Management. Isikhungo Sokulawulwa Kwemfucuza, sokulahla udoti okhipha imisebe yezinga eliphansi.Isiza sigcwele ngo-80% futhi sitholakala entshonalanga ye-Y-12.
“Bakhuluma ngokuthi kuzohamba kanjani ngaphandle kwezinkinga iminyaka engu-20,” kusho uRinger.” Lokho akulona iqiniso. [Indawo yokulahla imfucumfucu] ibe nochungechunge lwezenzakalo ezichichimayo ngokuyisisekelo ezalahla indle eBear Creek.”
Ithimba lonjiniyela bomphakathi eNyuvesi yaseVirginia lithole ukuthi i-leachate—amanzi adlula ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu zamanje—angaphezu kokuphindwe kabili kwesilinganiso esivumelekile se-uranium emanzini okuphuza.Lokhu kuvuza kucutshungulwa yi-DOE endaweni eseduze.
Kusukela cishe ngo-2011, uMnyango Wezamandla, i-Environmental Protection Agency kanye noMnyango Wezemvelo Nokuvikela waseTennessee bebelokhu bexoxa ngendawo entsha yokulahla imfucumfucu. Lezi zinhlaka ezintathu ziye zamiswa kaningi ngezinhlelo zoMnyango Wezamandla, ngenxa yokungabi bikho kokucaca kanye nedatha. izingxabano zivame ukuthinta izikhulu eWashington, DC
"Kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi imigomo nemibandela i-EPA kanye ne-TDEC okufanele inqume ukuthi (izindawo zokulahla imfucumfucu) zivikela impilo yabantu kanye nemvelo," kusho u-Garcia." Ushiye imbobo enkulu yolwazi olutholakala ku-EPA kanye ne-TDEC, ingasaphathwa eyomphakathi.”
Uhlaka lwakamuva lohlelo oluhlongozwayo lokulahla imfucumfucu luyaqhubeka nokuhlupha i-EPA kanye ne-TDEC mayelana nezindaba ezicacile nezilawulayo. Ngokukhethekile, ukuthi uhlelo lwe-DOE luyahambisana yini noMthetho Wamanzi Ahlanzekile kanye nemithetho yaseTennessee yokulwa nokuwohloka.
UGarcia uthe amaqiniso abuyekeziwe anikezwe umphakathi awazange abhekane nalezi zinkinga eziqhubekayo. Uma indawo yokulahla imfucumfucu izovikela, uMnyango udinga ukunquma kusenesikhathi uhlobo nenani lemfucuza, kanye nemikhawulo yokuhlanzeka kwamanzi, esho. .
"Ukuhlehlisela ukuhlolwa okukhulu kokuthi ulayini uyavikela futhi uvimbela ukungcola ukuthi ungangeni emanzini angaphansi kuyinto enkulu," kusho uGarcia."
Lena bekuyinkinga endaweni yangaphambili yokulahla imfucuza.Ucwaningomabhuku loMnyango Wezamandla wase-US luthole ukuthi umthamo wamanje wezindawo zokulahla imfucumfucu ugcwele imfucuza engeyona ingozi okungadingeki ukuthi ilahlwe lapho.Ucwaningomabhuku lwaseTennessee lwathola ukuthi osonkontileka ababhekele ukulahlwa kwemfucumfucu njengamanje bengazi ngegunya likahulumeni lokukhawulela imfucumfucu ye-mercury, futhi abakwazanga ukuhlinzeka ngolwazi mayelana nokuthi iyiphi imfucuza eyalahlwa ngesikhathi socwaningo.
Ikhansela leDolobha lase-Oak Ridge, u-Alan Smith, libhalele uMnyango Wezamandla wase-US ngo-2018: “Uma isikhala ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu ezikhona zasetshenziswa ngendlela efanele, uMnyango Wezamandla ungase ungasheshi ukuthola izindawo ezintsha zokulahla imfucumfucu. Indawo yokulahla udoti. Iqiniso lokuthi i-DOE ngeke lisitshele ukuthi iyini imibandela yokwamukela imfucuza yalokhu kulahla, futhi kuwukucatshangelwa okunciphisa ukwethemba komphakathi okungaba khona esinqumweni se-DOE.”
U-Dale Rector, owayeyisisebenzi se-TDEC owasebenza e-Oak Ridge Conservation Area iminyaka engu-24, uthe indawo entsha ayizange ithole imibandela yokwamukela udoti enemininingwane. Lokhu kubalulekile ekuklameni izindawo zokulahla udoti ukuze kuvinjelwe ukungena kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba kanye nokuhlola ubungozi emvelweni nempilo yomphakathi.
"Uma amanzi engena kuwo, kufanele aphume kuwo," kusho uRector." Ngaphandle kwalokho udoti uzogcwala njengesisefo setiye."
Phambilini uthishanhloko wayesayine incwadi evulelekile nabanye ababengabasebenzi be-TDEC echaza ukukhathazeka ngokungacaci ngemininingwane yephrojekthi yokulahla imfucumfucu. Encwadini ye-imeyili eya kwa-Knox News, uthe iphepha lamaqiniso elisha elikhishwe yi-DOE alikukhulumanga lokho kukhathazeka. .
“Irekhodi lesinqumo ngokuvamile liwumbhalo omfushane othi, ‘Sonke sikwamukele lokhu,’” kusho uRector mayelana nezinhlaka ezihilelekile ekuklameni nasekuqondiseni umsebenzi.” Akekho owavuma noma yini futhi basinikeza irekhodi lesinqumo. .”
I-Knox News ibuze ukuthi ngabe i-TDEC, i-EPA kanye ne-DOE bafinyelele isivumelwano yini. Umkhulumeli we-DOE u-Ben Williams uthe le nhlangano “ibambisene futhi yafinyelela ukuvumelana” ezindabeni ezivezwe ephepheni lamaqiniso.
Umkhulumeli we-TDEC uKim Schofinski wabhala: “Nakuba sekufinyelelwe esivumelwaneni esiphakeme ezindabeni okukhulunywa ngazo ephepheni lamaqiniso, ukubuyekezwa okugcwele kwerekhodi lesinqumo (okusalungiswa kwesibili) kufanele kubuyekezwe ngaphambi kokuba i-TDEC igunyazwe ngokusemthethweni.”
Ekuphawuleni komphakathi, i-DOE yagcizelela ukuthi "izohlangabezana nazo zonke izimfuneko zokulawula ezihlobene nokulahlwa kwe-mercury" nokuthi indlela yokwamukela imfucuza "izothathwa emithethweni ekhona yezemvelo yezwe kanye nekahulumeni."
Lonke lolu hlelo belukhungathekile, kusho uVirginia Dyer, isakhamuzi sase-Oak Ridge, ilungu le-Oak Ridge Conservation Advocate futhi owayeyisazi semvelo sase-Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
UDyer uthe wenze lokhu ukuze izingane zakhe nabazukulu bakhe bahlale ngokunethezeka e-Oak Ridge. Uthe ufuna kube obala ukuze umphakathi ukwazi ukuthatha izinqumo eziphusile mayelana nezindawo zokulahla imfucuza. Ufuna uMnyango Wezamandla uvule ngemva kokuzwa imibono yomphakathi emhlanganweni.
“Angizizwa sengathi ngiyisishoshovu,” kusho uDyer.” Ngingugogo. … Ngiyethemba ukuthi i-Oak Ridge izophakanyiswa njengegama elenza okufanele.”
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-17-2022
