Sisebenzisa amakhukhi ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lwakho.Ngokuqhubeka upheqa lesi sizindalwazi uyavumelana nokusetshenziswa kwethu kwamakhukhi.Ulwazi olwengeziwe.
Ucwaningo olusha olwanyatheliswa kujenali i-Nature ngo-March 2020 lubika ngephrotheni ye-transporter eyingqayizivele etholakala ku-bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Ngokungafani nezinye izithuthi, le proteni enkulu ye-transmembrane vesicle isiza ukuthwala ama-molecule e-hydrophilic, ikakhulukazi i-vitamin B12 noma i-cobalamin, kuwo wonke ulwelwesi lwamaseli.
Ucwaningo lusekelwe ekusebenziseni i-cryo-electron microscopy ukuze kutholwe izithombe zabathutha.Isifo sofuba siwumzimba ophelele ngoba sinawo wonke umshini wofuzo odingekayo ukuze kukhiqizwe i-cobalamin emangqamuzaneni ayo.Nokho, kufanele ithole amavithamini avela ngaphandle ukuze kuphumelele ukuhlukana kwamangqamuzana.
Ukuze kufezwe lokhu, isebenzisa isithuthi se-vitamin B12, omunye womndeni omkhulu wabathuthi bekhasethi ebopha i-ATP (ABC).La maprotheni asebenzisa amandla amakhemikhali agcinwe kuma-molecule e-ATP ukuze athwale ama-molecule angaphansi kolwelwesi lwamaseli.Laba bathuthi baphinde babandakanyeke ukuthuthwa kwama-peptide afana ne-bleomycin, evimbela ukukhula kwama-microorganisms.Lesi yinto enelukuluku, kusho umcwaningi u-Dirk Slotboom, othi ama-molecule amabili ahluke kakhulu awavamile ukuthwalwa yi-transporter efanayo.
Lokhu kugqugquzele ucwaningo lwamanje ukuthi luhlole ukwakheka kwale phrotheni eyingqayizivele.”'Kube yinqubo ende, kodwa sagcina siyiqhephukile sisebenzisa i-cryo-electron microscopy,'” kusho uSlotboom. Imiphumela yayihlaba umxhwele: Iphrotheni yayiqukethe okungachazwa ngokuthi kukhulu, imbobo enkulu egcwele amanzi enwetshwe kulwelwesi lweseli Ububanzi bonke, umthamo ungama-cubic angstroms ayi-7,700 - ama-molecule e-cobalamin ayisikhombisa, ngokusho kwabacwaningi. .
Umsebenzi womthuthi ngokwawo ubonakala ulula: vele uzithulule bese ufaka yonke into emanzini. Ngakho-ke isifaniso se-sluice.”Ungenisa amanzi nakho konke okukuwo,” uyaqhubeka uSlotboom echaza. Lokhu kungase kube indlela engakwazi ukuthutha ngayo amavithamini nama-peptide e-antibiotic ngesikhathi esifanayo, nakuba izakhiwo zabo zihluke kakhulu.
Amakhono okuthutha angakhethi nawo anezihibe zawo, okusobala kakhulu ukungasebenzi kahle.Nokho, lokhu akuyona inkinga kulokhu, i-Bacillus idinga kuphela ukuthatha inani elilinganiselwe lama-molecule e-cobalamin ukuze iqedele umjikelezo wayo wokuzala ohlala cishe Amahora angu-24.
Abacwaningi bamangazwa umehluko phakathi kwalesi sithuthi kanye nanoma yimuphi omunye umthuthi ovamile owaziwayo.Baphawule: “Ishintsha indlela esibheka ngayo i-physiology yamagciwane. Kunezinkomba eziqinile zokuthi ezinye izinhlobo zamabhaktheriya zinesimiso esifanayo, okusho ukuthi zithola ama-molecule ngokungahleliwe endaweni ezungezile.”
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abacwaningi bamangazwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi amangqamuzana omuntu angase abe nezindlela ezifanayo kakhulu zokuthutha izinto ezifana ne-cobalamin.Le vithamini ibophezela okokuqala ku-peptide yesisu ebizwa ngokuthi i-intrinsic factor.Le peptide ivela kumangqamuzana e-parietal akhethekile olwelweni lwesisu. futhi ivumela i-vitamin B12 ukuba yakhe inkimbinkimbi nayo.I-complex ithathwa ngamaseli e-epithelial.
Le nkimbinkimbi ekugcineni ihlala kuma-lysosomes ngaphakathi kwamaseli e-epithelial.I-Lysosomes "izikhwama zokuzibulala" ezigcwele ama-enzyme anamandla.Lapha, i-intrinsic factor iphukile futhi i-B12 ikhishwa ku-lysosome ingene esitokisini.Lapha, ekugcineni ihileleke ekusetshenzisweni kwamaseli . "Ngisola kakhulu ukuthi isithuthi esifanayo esingaqondile siyabandakanyeka," kusho uSlotboom.
Ososayensi futhi bacabanga ukuthi bangakwazi ukugqugquzela umsebenzi we-cobalamin-bleomycin transporter ukusiza ukwelapha isifo sofuba. amaseli kalula kakhudlwana. Kodwa-ke, sabona ukuthi lokhu kungase kungabi lula, njengoba amagciwane esebenzisa amasu asebenzayo ukuze angangeni ama-antibiotics.”
Ukwenza lokhu, ososayensi bahlaziya ngokulandelayo ukuthi isithuthi sisebenza kanjani.Inkolelo-mbono yamanje iwukuthi “ngaphakathi kweseli, amasango ezikhukhula ayathululwa ngokubopha kanye ne-ATP nge-hydrolyzing. Kodwa asazi ukuthi ivuleka kanjani ngaphandle ukuze kungene ama-molecule amasha.”
Izithutha ze-Dimeric zinezingxenye ezimbili. Lezi zibonakala ziphumela ngaphandle kolwelwesi lwamangqamuzana, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi zivuleka ngandlela thize, njengomnyango, ukuze kungene impahla entsha esitokisini. Ososayensi babefuna ukubona ukuthi bangakwazi yini ukuthwala impahla ngandlela thize ikhuthaze le nqubo yokuvula noma yokuxegisa, ngaleyo ndlela ikhulise ukungena kwama-antibiotic.
Izithenjwa: S. Rempel, C. Gati, M. Nijland, C. Thangaratnarajah, A. Karyolaimos, JW de Gier, A. Guskov, no-DJ Slotboom: Abathuthi be-Mycobacterial ABC balamula ukutholwa kwamakhompawundi e-hydrophilic.Imvelo, Mashi 26, 2020 , http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2072-8
Amathegi: ama-antibiotic, amaseli B, ibhaktheriya, amaseli, ukuhlukaniswa kwamaseli, ulwelwesi lwamaseli, ama-electron, i-electron microscopy, izakhi zofuzo, ilabhorethri, ama-lysosomes, ulwelwesi, umzimba, i-microscopy, ama-molecule, ama-peptides, i-physiology, amaprotheni, isisu, amaseli T, isifo sofuba, ivithamini B12, amavithamini
UDkt. Liji Thomas unguDokotela wokubelethisa kanye noDokotela Wezifo Zabesifazane owathweswa iziqu eGovernment Medical College, eCalicut University, eKerala ngo-2001. ULiji wasebenza njengomeluleki wesikhathi esigcwele kwezokubelethisa kanye nezifo zabesifazane esibhedlela esizimele iminyaka eminingana ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu. Useye wabonisana namakhulu eziguli ezibhekene nezinkinga eziphathelene nokukhulelwa kanye nokungabi nabantwana, futhi uye wengamela ukubeletha kuka-2,000, ehlala elwela ukubeletha okuvamile kunokuhlinzwa.
Thomas, Li Ji.(24 March 2020).Ososayensi bathole ukuthi amagciwane esifo sofuba athutha amavithamini kumaseli.Izindaba - Medical.Ibuyiswe ngomhla ka-18 Meyi 2022 kusukela ku-https://www.news-medical.net/news/20200324/Scientists-discover -i-tuberculosis-bacterium-channels-vitamins-into-the-cell.aspx.
Thomas, Li Ji.”Ososayensi bathola ukuthi amagciwane esifo sofuba athutha amavithamini emangqamuzaneni”.Izindaba - Medical.May 18, 2022..
Thomas, Li Ji.”Ososayensi bathola ukuthi amagciwane esifo sofuba athutha amavithamini emangqamuzaneni”.News – Medical.https://www.news-medical.net/news/20200324/Scientists-discover-tuberculosis-bacterium-channels-vitamins-into -the-cell.aspx.(Kufinyelelwe ngomhla ka-18 Meyi 2022).
Thomas, Li Ji.2020. Ososayensi bathola ukuthi i-Mycobacterium tuberculosis ihambisa amavithamini kumaseli.News-Medical, ibukwe ngoMeyi 18, 2022, https://www.news-medical.net/news/20200324/Scientists-discover-tuberculosis-bacterium-channels-vitamins-into-the -cell.aspx.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-18-2022
