O nwere ike ịbụ na ị hụla ya na kichin kichin ma ọ bụ ọkpọkọ mmiri ochie: mmiri siri ike, nke nwere ịnweta ịnweta ga-ahapụ ihe nkwụnye ego ka oge na-aga. Ọ na-apụta ọ bụghị naanị na ọkpọkọ na arịa nri n'ụlọ, kamakwa na ọkpọkọ na valves na-ebu mmanụ na gas, na ọkpọkọ na-ebufe mmiri jụrụ oyi na ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ. A maara nke ọma na ọnụ ọgụgụ nwere ike ịkpata adịghị arụ ọrụ, nkwụsị oge na nsogbu mmezi. N'ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ na gas, ọnụ ọgụgụ mgbe ụfọdụ na-eduga na mmechi nke olulu mmiri na-arụ ọrụ, opekata mpe nwa oge. Ya mere, idozi nsogbu a nwere ike iweta nnukwu ụgwọ ọrụ. Ugbu a, otu ndị nyocha MIT ewepụtala ụzọ nwere ike isi dozie nsogbu a buru ibu mana amachaghị ama. Ha chọpụtara na ọgwụgwọ elu ọhụrụ—gụnyere nano-texturing nke elu na itinye mmiri na-ete mmanụ—nwere ike ibelata ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ nhazi ihe ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ opekata mpe ugboro iri. N'izu a, e bipụtara nsonaazụ nyocha ahụ na Journal of Advanced Materials Interface. Ọ bụ nwa akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ bụ Srinivas Subramanyam, onye ibe postdoctoral Gisele Azimi, na Kripa Varanasi, onye osote prọfesọ nke ojiji mmiri na Ngalaba Mechanical Engineering na MIT dere akwụkwọ a. "Ị nwere ike ịhụ [ọnụ ọgụgụ] ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ebe ọ bụla," Varanasi kwuru. N'ime ụlọ, nkwụnye ego ndị a na-abụkarị ihe iwe, ma na ụlọ ọrụ, ha nwere ike iduga "mbelata mmepụta ihe, na usoro nke iwepụ [ha] nwere ike imebi gburugburu ebe obibi", na-agụnyekarị iji kemịkal siri ike. N'ime ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ na osisi desalination, ọnụ ọgụgụ nwere ike ịkpata nnukwu mfu arụmọrụ n'ihi na ọ na-eme dị ka ihe mgbochi okpomọkụ na-emetụta oyi ma ọ bụ condensation na okpomọkụ Exchanger. Nsogbu a na-ebilite n'ihi na mmiri na-enwekarị ọtụtụ nnu na mineral ndị gbazere agbaze. Ikike nke mmiri ịgbari ihe ndị a na-adabere na solubility, ya mere, ọ bụrụ na mmiri na-eme ka ọ dị jụụ ma ọ bụ na-ekpochapụ, ngwọta ahụ nwere ike ịba ụba: ọ nwere ihe ndị ọzọ gbazere karịa ka ọ nwere ike ijide, ya mere ụfọdụ ihe na-amalite ịmalite. Mgbe ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ na iru mmiri na-ajụ oyi na mberede mgbe ọ na-ezute ebe oyi na-atụ, ọ ga-eme ka ikuku dị na iko oyi, nke bụ otu ụkpụrụ ahụ. N'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ, ndị injinia na-edozi nsogbu a site n'ichepụta usoro ahụ karịa, Varanasi kwuru, sị: Jiri ọkpọkọ buru ibu karịa ka achọrọ, dịka ọmụmaatụ, a na-atụ anya na mmetọ ga-eme ka nkwụsịtụ akụkụ, ma ọ bụ ebe dị elu karị, na nke a na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ. n'okpuru. Subramanyam na-akọwa na nsogbu a abụghị ihe ọhụrụ: "Ihe eji esi nri oge ochie nwere ụdị nchịkọta a," ka o kwuru. "Anyị enwebeghị ezigbo ngwọta." Ọ bụ ezie na a ka gosipụtara ya n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, usoro ọhụrụ nke ndị otu MIT mepụtara nwere ike inwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na ọsọ nke nhazi ọkwa, na n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ nwere ike igbochi ya kpamkpam. Usoro ha na-ada dị mfe: nanotexturing n'elu nke ọma ma na-ejuputa udiri nke sitere na mmanu mmanu. Udidi a na-adabere na nha nke bumps na grooves emepụtara; kpọmkwem udi adịghị ka ọ dị mkpa. Ya mere, enwere ike iji usoro dị iche iche mepụta ihe a - gụnyere itinye ihe mkpuchi ederede n'elu ma ọ bụ kemịkal na-etinye ya n'ebe. Ndị nchọpụta ahụ kọwakwara usoro maka ịhọrọ mmanye mmanye kwesịrị ekwesị nke na-abụghị nanị na-eme ka ihe mgbochi ike na-emepụta site na ọnụ ọgụgụ, ma na-agbasakwa na ihe ndị e ji emepụta ihe, na-eme ka elu "dị nro" ma na-ebelata nucleation nke a pụrụ iji mee ihe maka nhazi ọkwa. Saịtị. Mgbalị ndị gara aga iji gbochie ma ọ bụ ibelata nguzobe ọnụ ọgụgụ na-agụnye ịgbakwụnye mkpuchi (dị ka Teflon) n'elu iji gbochie mineral ịjikọta ya. Varanasi kọwara na nsogbu dị na usoro a bụ na mkpuchi ndị a na-agwụ ike, dị ka ihe mkpuchi na frying pans na-esighị ike na-emebikarị na iji. O kwuru na ọ bụrụgodị na e nwere obere oghere na mkpuchi ahụ, ọ na-enye ebe maka ọnụ ọgụgụ ka ọ malite ịmalite. N'iji usoro ọhụrụ ahụ, ozugbo a na-emepụta nano-texture n'elu, a na-etinye mmanụ ma ọ bụ ihe ndị ọzọ na-egbuke egbuke n'elu. Varanasi kwuru na obere oghere nano na-ejide mmiri a ma jide ya nke ọma site n'ọrụ capillary. N'adịghị ka ihe mkpuchi siri ike na-adịghị mma, mmiri mmiri nwere ike na-asọba iji mejupụta oghere ọ bụla, gbasaa n'elu udidi, ma ọ bụrụ na a na-asacha ụfọdụ, ọ nwere ike imeju ya mgbe niile. Subramanyam kwuru, "Ọbụlagodi na enwere mmebi igwe, mmanụ mmanu nwere ike ịlaghachi n'elu ahụ." "Ọ nwere ike idowe ire ụtọ ya ruo ogologo oge." N'ihi na oyi akwa a na-ete mmanụ dị gịrịgịrị—naanị narị nanometer ole na ole n'ịdị arọ—ọ na-achọ nanị ntakịrị mmanu mmanu iji chebe elu ahụ ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ. Varanasi kwuru na ọdọ mmiri e wuru n'otu akụkụ nke pipeline nwere ike inye mmanu mmanu n'oge ndụ akụrụngwa. N'ihe gbasara pipeline mmanụ, "mmanụ mmanu adịlarị", mmanụ a na-ejide n'elu nwere ike ichebe elu nke pipeline. Jurgen Rühe, onye isi nke Laboratory of Interface Chemistry na Physics na Mahadum Freiburg, etinyeghị aka na ọmụmụ ihe ahụ, na-ekwu na ọ na-anọchite anya "nchọpụta dị oke mkpa na ọganihu sayensị dị mkpa." Ọ kpọrọ usoro otu ahụ si ebelata nhazi ọkwa “ọhụrụ na ihe okike” wee sị “ọ nwere ike inwe mmetụta na mpaghara niile a na-ekpo ọkụ na uzuoku.” Ndị nchọpụta ahụ kwuru na mgbe nyocha ụlọ nyocha ọzọ gasịrị iji chọpụta ihe kacha mma maka otu ngwa mgbe usoro mmanu na texturing gasịrị, usoro ahụ nwere ike ịdị njikere maka ngwa azụmahịa n'ime afọ atọ. Ndị MIT Energy Initiative kwadoro ọrụ a.
Oge nzipu: Dec-08-2021
