Ukusethwa kwe-valve okuyisisekelo kuza ngokushesha nelogo ye-valve yokuqoqa nopende wokuhlonza

Ukusethwa kwe-valve okuyisisekelo kuza ngokushesha nelogo ye-valve yokuqoqa nopende wokuhlonza

Ukusethwa kwevalvu nokukhetha uhlobo olufanele (hhayi imodeli). Amavalvu ayingxenye ebalulekile yomsebenzi wochwepheshe besistimu yenqubo lapho belungiselela imidwebo ye-PI. Okuqukethwe okuchazwe kulo mthethonqubo kucabangela izidingo ezijwayelekile zokukhiqiza nokuphepha. Lapho enza idizayini yobunjiniyela ngokubhekisela kule mithetho, uchwepheshe wesistimu uzokhetha ngokusekelwe esimweni esithile sephrojekthi, izimo zezulu zendawo, ukubambisana kwamafekthri, izidingo zokusebenza kwedivayisi, izici zoketshezi, izidingo ezikhethekile zabasebenzisi nomnotho, njll. Lo mthetho futhi wethula izici zamavalvu ezimboni ezijwayelekile kanye nezici okufanele zicatshangelwe ekukhetheni ama-valve ekwakhiweni kobunjiniyela.
1. Izinhlinzeko zisebenza kumamajo esistimu yenqubo yamakhemikhali. I-valve okukhulunywe ngayo ayibandakanyi i-valve yokuphepha, i-steam trap, i-valve yokusampula kanye ne-valve yokunciphisa umfutho, kodwa ihlanganisa i-orifite plate ekhawulela ukugeleza, ipuleti eliyimpumputhe nokunye okufakwe amapayipi asebenza ngendlela efanayo ne-valve, ne-valve enqamukile njengejwayelekile. igama lalezi zingxenye zevalvu. Umsebenzi we-valve yokusika usetshenziselwa ukusika uketshezi noma ukwenza uketshezi lushintshe isiqondiso sokugeleza, ngokusho kokukhiqizwa (okuhlanganisa ukukhiqizwa okuvamile, ukuvula nokuvala kanye nezimo ezikhethekile zokusebenza), izidingo zokugcinwa nokuphepha kanye nezilungiselelo, kodwa futhi kubhekwe ukuba nengqondo komnotho.
Ukusethwa kwevalvu nokukhetha uhlobo olufanele (hhayi imodeli). Amavalvu ayingxenye ebalulekile yomsebenzi wochwepheshe besistimu yenqubo lapho belungiselela imidwebo ye-PI. Okuqukethwe okuchazwe kulo mthethonqubo kucabangela izidingo ezijwayelekile zokukhiqiza nokuphepha. Lapho enza idizayini yobunjiniyela ngokubhekisela kule mithetho, uchwepheshe wesistimu uzokhetha ngokusekelwe esimweni esithile sephrojekthi, izimo zezulu zendawo, ukubambisana kwamafekthri, izidingo zokusebenza kwedivayisi, izici zoketshezi, izidingo ezikhethekile zabasebenzisi nomnotho, njll. .
Lo mthethonqubo wethula ngokugcwele nangokujwayelekile ukusethwa kwevalvu emacaleni asohlwini kanye nezidingo ezinemininingwane yamayunithi amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene. Bona imodi yeyunithi eyisisekelo yomdwebo we-PI weyunithi ehambisanayo.
Lo mthethonqubo wethula futhi izici zamavalvu ezimboni ezijwayelekile kanye nezici okufanele zicatshangelwe ekukhetheni ama-valve ekwakhiweni kobunjiniyela.
2. Isilungiselelo sevalvu
Ivalvu isethwe emngceleni
Izinto zenqubo kanye namapayipi avamile azosikwa emngceleni wesitshalo (imvamisa ngaphakathi kwendawo yomngcele wezitshalo)
Ukuphulwa kwe-valve, ngaphandle kwezimo ezilandelayo:
(1) Isistimu yokukhipha umoya.
(2) ipayipi elikhiphayo lapho ipayipi lokulahla izimo eziphuthumayo lingaphandle komngcele; Uma ama-valve kufanele asethwe kulezi zimo ezimbili, ukuvala uphawu lomthofu kuyadingeka ukuze kuvulwe (CSO)
(3) ipayipi lempahla elingeke libangele izintambo nezingozi.
(4) Ithubhu yezinto ezibonakalayo ngaphandle kokulinganisa.
I-FIG. 2.0.1 ukusethwa kwevalvu emngceleni
Amavalvu emngceleni asethwe ngezindlela eziningana njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 2.0.1. Lapho (1) kusebenza ezintweni ezijwayelekile
Nqamula; Esimeni sezingozi zokuphepha ezifana nomlilo noma izingozi ezibalulekile zekhwalithi yomkhiqizo ezibangelwa izintambo ezibonakalayo, amapuleti angaboni kufanele engezwe ku-FIG. 2.0.1 ukuvimbela ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kwevalvu. (3) kanye (5) ku-FIG. 2.0.1 zilungele ukushanela umugqa okhuphuka nomfula noma owehla nomfula ngemva kokuphakelwa. I-Valve A ingase isetshenziselwe ukuhlanza, ukuhlanza, ukubona ukuvuza, noma imitha yokuhlola ingafakwa phakathi kwamavalvu amabili ochungechungeni. (5) Emfanekisweni 2.0.1 uyasebenza lapho izinguquko zengcindezi zingaba nkulu futhi ivalvu yokuhlola isebenza njengokunqanyulwa ngaso leso sikhathi.
Ukusetha i-valve yezimpande
Lapho i-medium idinga ukuthuthwa iye kubasebenzisi abangaphezu koyedwa, ukuze kube lula ukugcinwa noma ukonga amandla, ukulwa nokuqandisa, ngaphezu kwalokho okokusebenza okunamathiselwe.
Ngaphezu kwe-valve yokusika, i-valve yokusika ebizwa ngokuthi i-root valve ifakwe epayipini legatsha eduze kwepayipi elikhulu. Okuvame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zezinto ezibonakalayo (isb. umusi, umoya ocindezelweyo, initrogen, njll.). Kudingeka ukulungiselelwa okufanayo lapho umsebenzi wenqubo usetshenziswa kubasebenzisi abaningi (isb. izincibilikisi). Ivalvu ekhonjiswe kuMfanekiso 2.0.2 iyivalvu yempande. Ezimfuneko ze-antifreeze ezonga amandla, ibanga phakathi kwe-valve yezimpande kanye nomphathi kufanele libe lincane ngangokunokwenzeka.
Umfanekiso 2.0.2 Umdwebo ohleliwe wokusetha ivalvu yezimpande
Amavalvu ezimpande kufanele afakwe kuwo wonke amapayipi egatsha amapayipi ezinto ezivamile endaweni yamakhemikhali ukuze kugwenywe ngamanye
Ukulimala kwevalvu kubangela ukucisha kwezitshalo noma kwezitshalo.
Amapayipi amanzi anesitimu nangaphezulu, ngisho nasesitshalweni esisodwa noma emshinini owodwa, lapho ipayipi legatsha lidlula ubude obuthile, kudingeka futhi lengeze i-valve yezimpande ukunciphisa indawo efile, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, ukuvimbela ukuqhwa.
Izinto ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ezisizayo ze-steam kufanele zinqunywe ngokuvumelana nokubaluleka kokukhiqizwa kwe-valve yezimpande zepayipi legatsha.
I-valve yempande yepayipi legatsha lezinto ezivamile isethwe uchwepheshe wepayipi ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo sepayipi, futhi uchwepheshe wesistimu yenqubo udinga ukuhlola ukuthi igatsha lifanelekile yini. Futhi i-valve yezimpande imelelwa kumdwebo we-PI wempahla yomphakathi (umdwebo wokusabalalisa).
I-valve kabili
Igesi ye-petroleum ewuketshezi, uketshezi oluvuthayo, olunobuthi noluyigugu nokunye okugqwala kakhulu, okufana ne-asidi eqinile, i-caustic soda futhi kunezidingo ezikhethekile (ezifana nephunga elibi elibangele ukungcoliswa okukhulu kwemvelo) ithangi eliphakathi nendawo, kanye nomugqa phansi oya phansi. amanye amadivaysi, akunandaba ukuthi aseduze nezinye izinto zevalvu kanye nama-valve amabili kufanele afakwe ochungechungeni (i-valve ephindwe kabili), Enye yazo kufanele ibambene namabhomu ethangi. Uma umthamo wethangi lokugcina mkhulu noma ukude, i-valve iyi-valve yesilawuli kude esingcono. Ukuze unciphise inani lama-valve, hlanganisa amapayipi amaningana endaweni eyodwa njengoba kukhonjisiwe ku-FIG. 2.0.3–1 uma ukusebenza kuvuma.
I-valve yokukhipha amanzi yesitsha esiqukethe imidiya eshiwo ngenhla nayo izoba yi-valve ephindwe kabili, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 2.0.3-1.
I-JB/T 106-2004: usayizi wegama (DN), ikhodi yokucindezela noma ikhodi yokucindezela okusebenzayo, uphawu lwezinto ezibonakalayo noma ikhodi, igama lomkhiqizi noma uphawu lokuhweba, inombolo yesithando somlilo (i-valve yokusakaza) izomakwa isikhathi eside phezu komzimba we-valve yengcindezi ku-GB/T 12220-1989. Amavalvu anezidingo zesiqondiso sokugeleza kufanele amakwe ngomcibisholo wokugeleza omaphakathi.
Iphrojekthi eyodwa yelogo ye-valve evamile
Ngokuya kwe-GB/T 12220 “General Valve Mark”, ivalvu evamile kufanele isetshenziswe futhi ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zophawu ngokuzikhethela kungokulandelayo:
iphrojekthi
umaka
iphrojekthi
umaka
1
Usayizi Wamagama (DN)
11
Inombolo ejwayelekile.
2
Ingcindezi yoqobo (PN)
12
Inombolo yokushisa
3
Ikhodi yezinto ezibonakalayo yezingxenye ezicindezelwe
13
Ikhodi yezinto zangaphakathi
4
Igama noma uphawu lokuhweba lomkhiqizi
14
Indawo,
5
Umcibisholo ogeleza omaphakathi
15
Ikhodi yezinto ze-lining
6
Ikhodi yendandatho (gasket).
16
Ikhwalithi nokumaka ukuhlolwa
7
Izinga lokushisa elilinganiselwe
17
Uphawu lomhloli
8
Ikhodi yochungechunge
18
Unyaka wokukhiqiza, inyanga
9
Ingcindezi eyedlulele
19
Izici zokugeleza
10
Ifekthri No.
2. Izindlela zokumaka
1. Maka okuqukethwe
I-JB/T 106-2004: usayizi wegama (DN), ikhodi yokucindezela noma ikhodi yokucindezela okusebenzayo, uphawu lwezinto ezibonakalayo noma ikhodi, igama lomkhiqizi noma uphawu lokuthengisa, inombolo yesithando somlilo (i-valve yokuphonswa) izomakwa ebusweni bomzimba we-valve yengcindezi ngokuya nge-GB/ T 12220-1989. Amavalvu anezidingo zesiqondiso sokugeleza kufanele amakwe ngomcibisholo wokugeleza omaphakathi.
2. Izindlela zokumaka
I-GB/T 12220-1989: amavalvu anosayizi wokuzisholo omkhulu noma olingana ne-DN50 kufanele amakwe ngosayizi wegama (DN), ingcindezi yamagama (PN), umugqa wempahla noma inombolo yekhodi yezingxenye ezicindezelwe, igama lomkhiqizi noma uphawu lokuhweba, inombolo yesithando somlilo esincibilikayo. (i-casting) izomakwa emzimbeni wevalvu. Kumavalvu anosayizi omncane ongaphansi kwe-DN50, amamaki amane angenhla azomakwa emzimbeni wamavalvu noma kucwecwe legama njengoba kucaciswe umklami. Lapho ukucindezela okulinganiselwe kophawu lokuphonsa lomzimba we-valve kusethwe ngaphansi kwenani losayizi wegama, ingcindezi yamagama akumele ifakwe kuqala ngekhodi ethi “PN”.
I-GB/T 12220-1989 icacisa umcibisholo ogeleza ophakathi nendawo, ikhodi yeringi (iphedi) kuphela uma icaciswe ezingeni elithile lamavalvu kufanele imakwe emzimbeni wevalvu kanye ne-flange ngokulandelanayo.
Uma kungekho ukunikezwa okukhethekile ku-GB/T 12220-1989, izinto 7 — 19 kuthebula elingenhla ziyizimpawu ozikhethela ukuthi zisetshenziswe uma kudingeka. Maka emzimbeni we-valve noma ku-nameplate njengoba kudingeka.
I-GB/T 12220-1989 ihlinzeka ngokuthi uma usayizi wesondo lesandla mkhulu ngokwanele, isondo lesandla kufanele linikezwe umcibisholo obonisa isiqondiso sokuvala kwevalvu noma umbhalo “ovaliwe” owengeziwe.
I-JB/T 106-2004: umzimba we-valve ngendlela yokuphonsa noma yokufa, uphawu lwawo kufanele luphonswe noma lufafazwe emzimbeni wevalvu ngesikhathi esifanayo. Lapho umumo womzimba nge-die forging method, i-logo yayo ngaphezu komzimba ngesikhathi esifanayo i-forging noma i-die casting, ingabuye imakwe emzimbeni nge-embossing indlela. Lapho umumo womzimba we-valve ucutshungulwa ngokwakhiwa, ipayipi lensimbi noma i-steel plate rolling welding ukwakha, i-logo yayo ngaphezu kokwakhiwa kwe-embossing indlela, kodwa futhi ingasetshenziswa ngezinye izindlela ezingaphazamisi ukusebenza komzimba we-valve. .
Maka indawo bese umaka usayizi
I-LJB /T 106-2004 regulation: ukumaka okuqukethwe, kufanele kumakwe emzimbeni wezingxenye ezibonakala kalula. Izimpawu zizokhonjiswa ngangokunokwenzeka endaweni emaphakathi yomugqa omaphakathi womzimba we-perpendicular.