Ukukhethwa kwedivayisi kagesi ye-valve kagesi kusekelwe ikakhulukazi esimisweni sokuthi ukukhethwa kwe-petroleum ne-chemical valve kagesi kufanele kulandele.
Idivayisi kagesi ye-valve iyisisetshenziswa esibalulekile sokulawula uhlelo lwe-valve, isilawuli esizenzakalelayo nesilawuli kude. Inqubo yayo yokunyakaza ingalawulwa ngokushaya, i-torque noma usayizi we-axial thrust. Ngenxa yokuthi izici zokusebenza nezinga lokusebenzisa ledivayisi kagesi ye-valve lincike ohlotsheni lwe-valve, ukucaciswa kokusebenza kwedivayisi kanye nendawo ye-valve epayipini noma emishinini, ngakho-ke, ukukhethwa okufanele kwedivayisi kagesi ye-valve kubalulekile ukuze vimbela ukwenzeka kokugcwala ngokweqile (i-torque yokusebenza iphakeme kune-torque yokulawula).
Ngokuvamile, ukukhetha okulungile kwedivayisi kagesi ye-valve ngokusekelwe kulokhu okulandelayo:
Itorque esebenzayo Itorque esebenzayo iyipharamitha eyinhloko yokukhetha idivayisi kagesi yevalvu. I-torque ephumayo yedivayisi kagesi kufanele ibe izikhathi ezingu-1.2 ~ 1.5 zetorque enkulu yokusebenza ye-valve.
Kunezakhiwo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokusebenza kwedivayisi kagesi ye-valve yokudonsa: eyodwa ayilungiselelwe nge-thrust disc, i-torque ephumayo eqondile; Okunye ukucushwa kwe-thrust disc, i-torque yokukhipha nge-thrust disc stem nut ku-thrust okukhiphayo.
Inombolo yokuphenduka kwe-shaft ephumayo yedivayisi kagesi ye-valve ihlobene nobubanzi obuncane be-valve stem pitch kanye nenani lezintambo. Ibalwa ngokuya nge-M=H/ZS (M uyingqikithi yenani lokuphenduka okufanele idivayisi kagesi ihlangabezane nayo, H ubude obuvulayo besiqu se-valve, u-S uyingqikithi yentambo ye-valve drive kuthi u-Z inombolo ye-valve stem thread).
Idayamitha ye-stem yama-valve ane-multi-turn open-stem, uma ububanzi be-stem enkulu obuvunyelwe idivayisi kagesi ingakwazi ukudlula esiqwini se-valve, ayikwazi ukuqoqelwa ku-valve kagesi. Ngakho-ke, ububanzi bangaphakathi bomgodi wokuphuma ongenalutho wedivayisi kagesi kufanele bube bukhulu kunobubanzi obungaphandle besiqu se-valve ye-stem evulekile. Kuma-valve enduku emnyama kuma-valve ajikelezayo ayingxenye nama-valve ajikelezayo amaningi, nakuba kungadingekile ukucabangela ukudlula kobubanzi besiqu se-valve, ububanzi besiqu se-valve kanye nosayizi wendlela ebalulekile kufanele kucatshangelwe ngokugcwele ekukhetheni, ukuze ukuhlanganisa kungasebenza ngokujwayelekile.
Uma isivinini sokuvula nokuvala se-valve yesivinini esiphumayo sishesha kakhulu, kulula ukukhiqiza umkhuba wokushaywa kwamanzi. Ngakho-ke, isivinini esifanele sokuvula nokuvala kufanele sikhethwe ngokuvumelana nezimo ezihlukene zokusetshenziswa.
Idivayisi kagesi ye-valve inezidingo zayo ezikhethekile, okungukuthi, kufanele ikwazi ukukhawulela i-torque noma i-axial force. Ngokuvamile idivayisi kagesi ye-valve isebenzisa i-shaft yokunciphisa i-torque. Lapho ukucaciswa kwedivayisi kagesi kunqunywa, i-torque yayo yokulawula inqunywa. Ngokuvamile esikhathini esinqunyelwe ngaphambili sokusebenza, injini ngeke ilayishe ngokweqile. Kodwa uma izimo ezilandelayo zingase ziholele ekulayisheni ngokweqile: okokuqala, ukunikezwa kwamandla kuphansi, akukwazi ukuthola i-torque edingekayo, ukuze injini iyeke ukujikeleza; Okwesibili, akulungile ukulungisa indlela yokunciphisa i-torque, ukuze ibe nkulu kune-torque emisiwe, okuholela ku-torque eqhubekayo eqhubekayo, ukuze injini iyeke ukujikeleza; Okwesithathu, ukusetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezithile, ukonga ukushisa, ngaphezu kokwazisa okuvunyelwe kwezinga lokushisa kwemoto; Okwesine, ukwehluleka kokujikeleza kwendlela yokunciphisa i-torque kwenzeka ngesizathu esithile, ukuze i-torque ibe nkulu kakhulu; Okwesihlanu, izinga lokushisa le-ambient liphezulu kakhulu, ukuze amandla okushisa emoto anciphe ngokuqhathaniswa.
Esikhathini esidlule, indlela yokuvikela i-motor iwukusebenzisa ama-fuses, ama-overcurrent relays, ama-thermal relays, ama-thermostats, njll., kodwa lezi zindlela zinezinzuzo kanye nokubi. Kumishini kagesi efana nempahla yokulayisha eguquguqukayo, ukuvikeleka okuthembekile akutholakali. Ngakho-ke, inhlanganisela ehlukahlukene kufanele ithathwe, ihlanganiswe ngezinhlobo ezimbili: enye iwukuba ukwahlulela ukwanda noma ukuncipha kwamandla okufakwayo kwemoto; Okwesibili ukwahlulela isimo sokushisa semoto ngokwayo. Noma iyiphi indlela, umthamo wokushisa wemoto kufanele ucatshangelwe isikhathi esinikezwe isikhathi.
Ngokuvamile, indlela yokuvikela eyisisekelo yokulayisha ngokweqile yilezi: ukuvikela ukugcwala kokusebenza okuqhubekayo noma ukusebenza kwephoyinti yemoto, i-thermostat isetshenziswa; Ukuze kuvikelwe ukuvinjwa kwezimoto, kusetshenziswa i-thermal relay; Ngezingozi zesifunda esifushane, i-fuse noma i-overcurrent relay isetshenziswa.
I-Petroleum, ukukhethwa kwe-valve yamakhemikhali kagesi kufanele kulandele isimiso
I-Petroleum, ukukhethwa kwe-valve yamakhemikhali kagesi kufanele kulandele isimiso
Lapho sibhekene nezigaba eziningi ze-valve kagesi kanye nezimo ezihlukahlukene eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukukhetha ukufakwa kwesistimu yepayipi yemikhiqizo efaneleka kakhulu yama-valve kagesi, kufanele siqale siqonde izici ze-valve kagesi; Okwesibili kufanele kahle ukukhetha izinyathelo valve kagesi kanye nesisekelo; Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kulandelwe ukukhethwa kwe-petroleum, imboni yamakhemikhali enomgomo we-valve kagesi.
Ukukhethwa kwe-petroleum, imboni yamakhemikhali isimiso se-valve kagesi kagesi: isiteshi sokugeleza siqondile nge-valve kagesi, ukumelana nokugeleza kwayo kuncane, ngokuvamile kukhetha njengendlela yokusika nokuvula nge-valve kagesi; Kulula ukulungisa ukugeleza kwama-valve kagesi njengokulawula ukugeleza; Ama-valve okuxhuma nama-valve ebhola afaneleka kakhulu ukubuyisela emuva i-shunt; Ukushelela kwengxenye yokuvala eduze kwendawo yokuvala enomphumela wokusula we-valve kagesi kufaneleka kakhulu phakathi nendawo enezinhlayiya ezimisiwe.
A, i-cut-off ne-open medium yamavalvu kagesi
Isiteshi sokugeleza siqondile nge-valve kagesi, ukumelana nokugeleza kuncane, ngokuvamile kukhethwe njenge-cut-off and open medium nge-valve kagesi. I-valve kagesi evalekile eya phansi (i-globe valve, i-plunger valve) ngenxa yendlela yayo yokugeleza ehlukumezayo, ukumelana nokugeleza kuphakeme kunamanye ama-valve kagesi, ngakho-ke ukukhetha kuncane. Endabeni yokuvumela ukumelana nokugeleza okuphezulu, i-valve kagesi evaliwe ingasetshenziswa.
Okwesibili, lawula ukuhamba kwama-valve kagesi
Ngokuvamile khetha okulula ukulungisa i-valve kagesi njengokulawula ukugeleza. Amavalvu kagesi avalekayo abheke phansi, njengama-globe valves, afanelekele le njongo ngoba ubukhulu bezihlalo zawo bulingana nokushaya kwesici sokuvala. Ama-valve kagesi ajikelezayo (ipulaki, uvemvane, amavalvu ebhola) kanye namavalvu kagesi aguqukayo (impintshi, i-diaphragm) nawo angasetshenziselwa ukulawula ukudonsa, kodwa ngokuvamile ebangeni elilinganiselwe lama-valve kagesi. I-valve yesango iyisango elimise okwe-disc emlonyeni wesihlalo se-valve eyindilinga ukwenza ukunyakaza kwe-crosscutting, lisondele kuphela endaweni evaliwe, lingakwazi ukulawula kangcono ukugeleza, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile alisetshenziselwa ukulawula ukugeleza.
Okwesithathu, i-valve kagesi ye-shunt ehlehlisayo
Le valve kagesi ingaba namashaneli amathathu noma ngaphezulu kuye ngesidingo sokuhlehla i-shunt. Amavalvu epulaki namabhola afaneleka kakhulu kule njongo, ngakho-ke amavalvu amaningi kagesi asetshenziselwa ukuhlehlisa i-shunt asebenzisa eyodwa yalawa mavalvu kagesi. Kodwa kwezinye izimo, ezinye izinhlobo zama-valve kagesi, inqobo nje uma ama-valve kagesi amabili noma ngaphezulu exhunywe ngokufanele, angasetshenziswa futhi ukubuyisela emuva i-shunt.
Okwesine, i-valve kagesi enezinhlayiya ezimisiwe eziphakathi
Uma kunezinhlayiya ezimisiwe phakathi nendawo, ifanele i-valve kagesi enomsebenzi wokusula we-sliding wengxenye yokuvala eduze kwendawo yokuvala. Uma ukunyakaza okubuyela emuva naphambili kwesiqephu sokuvala esihlalweni kume mpo, khona-ke kungase kuqinise izinhlayiya, ngakho-ke le valve kagesi ngaphandle uma impahla yokuvala ingavumela izinhlayiya zokushumeka, ngaphandle kwalokho zifaneleka kuphela imidiya ehlanzekile eyisisekelo. I-valve yebhola, i-valve yepulaki, i-butterfly valve ngesikhathi sokuvula nokuvala inomphumela wokusula endaweni yokuvala, ngakho ifanele ukusetshenziswa endaweni enezinhlayiya ezimisiwe.
Njengamanje, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ku-petroleum, amakhemikhali, noma kwezinye izimboni zesistimu yamapayipi, ukufakwa kwevalvu kagesi, imvamisa yokusebenza kanye nesevisi kuhlala kushintshashintsha, ukulawula noma ukuqeda ngisho nokuvuza okuphansi, okubalulekile, okokusebenza okubalulekile noma ukuthembela kumavalvu kagesi. Ukulawulwa kokugcina kwepayipi yi-valve kagesi, i-valve kagesi ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zezimboni zesevisi nokusebenza okuthembekile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-20-2022
