Guhitamo ibikoresho byamashanyarazi ya valve bishingiye cyane cyane ku ihame ryo guhitamo peteroli na chimique yamashanyarazi bigomba gukurikiza

Guhitamo ibikoresho byamashanyarazi ya valve bishingiye cyane cyane ku ihame ryo guhitamo peteroli na chimique yamashanyarazi bigomba gukurikiza

Igikoresho cyamashanyarazi nigikoresho cyingirakamaro kugirango tumenye gahunda ya valve igenzura, igenzura ryikora kandi igenzura kure. Igikorwa cyacyo gishobora kugenzurwa na stroke, torque cyangwa ubunini bwa axial. Kuberako ibiranga akazi nigipimo cyo gukoresha ibikoresho byamashanyarazi ya valve biterwa nubwoko bwa valve, ibisobanuro byakazi byigikoresho hamwe numwanya wa valve mumiyoboro cyangwa ibikoresho, kubwibyo rero, guhitamo neza ibikoresho byamashanyarazi ni ngombwa kuri irinde ko habaho ibintu birenze urugero (torque ikora irarenze kugenzura umuriro).
Mubisanzwe, guhitamo neza ibikoresho byamashanyarazi ya valve bishingiye kubikurikira:
Gukoresha itara rikoresha torque ikora nikintu nyamukuru cyo guhitamo ibikoresho byamashanyarazi ya valve. Ibisohoka bisohoka mubikoresho byamashanyarazi bigomba kuba inshuro 1,2 ~ 1.5 yumuriro munini wa valve.
Hariho ibintu bibiri byingenzi byimikorere yibikoresho byamashanyarazi ya thrust valve: imwe ntabwo igizwe na disiki ya disiki, isohoka itaziguye; Ibindi ni iboneza rya disiki ya disiki, ibisohoka bisohoka binyuze mumashanyarazi ya disiki yibiti biva mubisohoka.
Umubare wo guhinduranya ibintu bisohoka shaft yibikoresho byamashanyarazi ya valve bifitanye isano na diameter nominal yikibaho cya valve numubare winsanganyamatsiko. Irabarwa ukurikije M = H / ZS (M numubare wuzuye wimpinduka igikoresho cyamashanyarazi kigomba guhura, H nuburebure bwugurura bwuruti rwa valve, S ni ikibanza cyurudodo rwimodoka ya valve na Z ni the umubare wurudodo rwibiti).
Diameter yikibaho kumpande nyinshi zifunguye-zifunguye, niba diameter nini nini yemerewe nigikoresho cyamashanyarazi ntishobora kunyura mumashanyarazi, ntishobora guteranyirizwa mumashanyarazi. Kubwibyo, umurambararo wimbere wibisohokayandikiro bisohoka byigikoresho cyamashanyarazi bigomba kuba binini kurenza diametre yinyuma yikibabi cyikibabi gifunguye. Kubirindiro byijimye byijimye mubice byizengurutsa byigice hamwe nizunguruka nyinshi, nubwo bidakenewe ko harebwa inzira ya diameter ya stem stem, diameter stem stem hamwe nubunini bwingenzi bigomba gutekerezwa neza muguhitamo, kugirango inteko irashobora gukora mubisanzwe.
Niba gufungura no gufunga umuvuduko wibisohoka byihuta byihuta, biroroshye kubyara amazi percussion phenomenon. Kubwibyo, gufungura no gufunga umuvuduko bikwiye bigomba guhitamo ukurikije uburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha.
Igikoresho cyamashanyarazi gifite ibyangombwa byihariye, ni ukuvuga, bigomba kuba bigabanya kugabanya umuriro cyangwa imbaraga za axial. Mubisanzwe igikoresho cyamashanyarazi ya valve ikoresha urumuri rugabanya uruziga. Iyo ibisobanuro by'igikoresho cy'amashanyarazi byagenwe, igenzura ryacyo rigenwa. Mubisanzwe mugihe cyagenwe cyagenwe cyo gukora, moteri ntizirenza. Ariko niba ibihe bikurikira bishobora kugutera kurenza urugero: icya mbere, amashanyarazi ni make, ntashobora kubona itara risabwa, kugirango moteri ihagarike kuzunguruka; Icya kabiri, ni bibi guhindura uburyo bwo kugabanya umuriro, kugirango burusheho kuba hejuru yumuriro wahagaritswe, bikavamo umuvuduko ukabije ukabije, kuburyo moteri ihagarara kuzunguruka; Icya gatatu, gukoresha rimwe na rimwe, kuzigama ubushyuhe, birenze ubushyuhe bwemewe bwa moteri; Icya kane, kunanirwa kwinzira zuburyo bwo kugabanya torque bibaho kubwimpamvu runaka, kuburyo itara rinini cyane; Icya gatanu, ubushyuhe bwibidukikije buri hejuru cyane, kuburyo ubushyuhe bwa moteri bugabanuka ugereranije.
Mubihe byashize, inzira yo kurinda moteri nugukoresha fus, relaire ikabije, relaux yumuriro, thermostat, nibindi, ariko ubu buryo bufite ibyiza nibibi. Kubikoresho byamashanyarazi nkibikoresho byimitwaro ihindagurika, uburinzi bwizewe ntibuboneka. Kubwibyo, guhuza ibintu bitandukanye bigomba gufatwa, bigakusanyirizwa mubwoko bubiri: kimwe ni ugucira urubanza kwiyongera cyangwa kugabanuka kwa moteri yinjira; Iya kabiri ni ugucira urubanza ubushyuhe bwa moteri ubwayo. Ibyo ari byo byose, ubushyuhe bwa moteri bugomba gutekerezwa kumafaranga yatanzwe.
Mubisanzwe, uburyo bwibanze bwo kurinda ibintu birenze ni: kuburinzi burenze bwo gukomeza kwiruka cyangwa gukora point ya moteri, thermostat irakoreshwa; Kurinda guhagarika moteri, ikoreshwa ryumuriro rirakoreshwa; Kubwimpanuka zumuzunguruko mugufi, fuse cyangwa relay irenga ikoreshwa.
Guhitamo peteroli, imiti yamashanyarazi igomba gukurikiza ihame
Guhitamo peteroli, imiti yamashanyarazi igomba gukurikiza ihame
Imbere yibyiciro byinshi byamashanyarazi hamwe nuburyo butandukanye bwibihe, kugirango duhitemo imiyoboro ya sisitemu yo gushyiramo ibicuruzwa byiza byamashanyarazi, dukwiye kubanza kumva ibiranga valve yamashanyarazi; Icyakabiri, agomba kumenya guhitamo intambwe zamashanyarazi nintambwe; Byongeye kandi bigomba gukurikiza ihitamo rya peteroli, inganda zikora imiti hamwe nihame ryamashanyarazi.
Guhitamo ibikomoka kuri peteroli, inganda zikora inganda ihame ryamashanyarazi: umuyoboro utemba ugororotse unyuze mumashanyarazi, irwanya umuvuduko ni muto, mubisanzwe uhitamo nkibicibwa kandi bifunguye hamwe na valve yamashanyarazi; Biroroshye guhindura imigendekere yumuriro wamashanyarazi nkigenzura ryimigezi; Gucomeka imipira hamwe numupira wumupira birakwiriye muguhindura shunt; Kunyerera igice cyo gufunga hejuru yikidodo hamwe ningaruka zo guhanagura amashanyarazi yamashanyarazi arakwiriye cyane hagati hamwe nuduce twahagaritswe.
A, gukata no gufungura uburyo bwo gukoresha amashanyarazi
Umuyoboro utemba ugororotse unyuze mumashanyarazi, kurwanya umuvuduko ni bito, mubisanzwe byatoranijwe nkibicibwa kandi bifunguye hamwe na valve yamashanyarazi. Umuyagankuba wamanutse wamanutse (globe valve, plunger valve) kubera inzira yacyo itemba, irwanya umuvuduko urenze iyindi mashanyarazi, bityo guhitamo gake. Mugihe cyo kwemerera umuvuduko mwinshi, amashanyarazi afunze arashobora gukoreshwa.
Babiri, kugenzura imigendekere yumuriro wamashanyarazi
Mubisanzwe hitamo byoroshye guhindura valve yamashanyarazi nkigenzura. Gufunga hepfo yamashanyarazi, nkibibumbe byisi, birakwiriye kubwiyi ntego kuko ingano yintebe yabo ihwanye no gukubita ikintu cyo gufunga. Ibyuma byamashanyarazi bizunguruka (gucomeka, ikinyugunyugu, imipira yumupira) hamwe na flex-umubiri wamashanyarazi (pinch, diaphragm) birashobora kandi gukoreshwa mugucunga ibintu, ariko mubisanzwe gusa mumipaka mike ya kalibiri yamashanyarazi. Irembo rya Irembo ni irembo rimeze nka disiki kumuzingo wizenguruko wizengurutsa umunwa kugirango ukore icyerekezo, wegereye gusa umwanya ufunze, urashobora kugenzura neza imigendekere, kubwibyo ntabwo isanzwe ikoreshwa mugucunga neza.
Bitatu, gusubiza inyuma shunt yamashanyarazi
Umuyoboro wamashanyarazi urashobora kugira imiyoboro itatu cyangwa myinshi bitewe nibikenewe kugirango uhindure shunt. Gucomeka hamwe nu mupira wumupira birakwiriye kubwiyi ntego, bityo amashanyarazi menshi akoreshwa muguhindura shunt akoresha imwe muriyi mashanyarazi. Ariko rimwe na rimwe, ubundi bwoko bwamashanyarazi, mugihe cyose amashanyarazi abiri cyangwa menshi ahujwe neza, arashobora no gukoreshwa muguhindura shunt.
Bane, valve yamashanyarazi hamwe nuduce twahagaritswe hagati
Iyo hari uduce duto twahagaritswe hagati, birakwiriye kuri valve yamashanyarazi hamwe nigikorwa cyo guhanagura kunyerera igice cyo gufunga hejuru yikimenyetso. Niba inyuma ninyuma yikintu gifunga kuntebe ihagaritse, noneho irashobora gufatisha uduce duto, bityo iyi valve yamashanyarazi keretse niba ibikoresho bifunze bishobora kwemerera gushiramo ibice, bitabaye ibyo bikwiranye nibitangazamakuru byibanze bisukuye. Umuyoboro wumupira, gucomeka, kinyugunyugu mugikorwa cyo gufungura no gufunga bigira ingaruka zo guhanagura hejuru yikimenyetso, birakwiriye rero gukoreshwa hagati hamwe nuduce twahagaritswe.
Kugeza ubu, haba muri peteroli, imiti, cyangwa mu zindi nganda za sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza imiyoboro, gukoresha amashanyarazi, gukoresha inshuro nyinshi na serivisi bigenda bihinduka, kugenzura cyangwa gukuraho ndetse no kumeneka kwinshi, ibikoresho by'ingenzi, ibikoresho by'ingenzi cyangwa gushingira ku mashanyarazi. Igenzura rya nyuma ryumuyoboro ni valve yamashanyarazi, valve yamashanyarazi mubice bitandukanye byinganda za serivisi nibikorwa byizewe ni.