Izinhlobo eziyisishiyagalombili zokuhlukaniswa kwamamodeli wamavalvu esiteshi samandla
Ithuluzi elikwazi ukulawula ukugeleza koketshezi epayipini ngokushintsha ingxenye yepayipi libizwa ngokuthi i-valve noma ingxenye yevalvu. Indima eyinhloko ye-valve epayipini yile: i-medium exhunyiwe noma encishisiwe; Vimbela ukubuyela emuva kwemidiya; Lungisa ingcindezi, ukugeleza kanye neminye imingcele ye-medium; Ukuhlukanisa, ukuxuba, noma ukusabalalisa imidiya; Vimbela ukucindezela okuphakathi kudlula inani elishiwo, ukuze ugcine umgwaqo noma isitsha, ukuphepha kwemishini.
Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe besimanje, i-valve embonini, ezokwakha, ezolimo, ezokuvikela kazwelonke, ucwaningo lwesayensi kanye nempilo yabantu kanye nezinye izici zokusebenzisa okuvame ukwanda, isibe umsebenzi womuntu endaweni ngayinye yemikhiqizo yemishini yendawo yonke ibalulekile. .
Ama-valve asetshenziswa kabanzi kubunjiniyela bamapayipi. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-valve ngezinhloso ezahlukene. Ikakhulukazi eminyakeni yamuva, izakhiwo ezintsha, izinto ezintsha kanye nokusetshenziswa okusha kwama-valve kuye kwathuthukiswa. Ukuze kuhlanganiswe izindinganiso zokukhiqiza, kodwa futhi nokukhetha okulungile nokuhlonza i-valve, ukuze kube lula ukukhiqiza, ukufakwa nokushintshwa, ukucaciswa kwe-valve kungukumisa, ukujwayelekile, ukuthuthukiswa kokuqondisa kwe-serialization.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-valve:
I-valve yezimboni yazalwa ngemva kokusungulwa kwenjini yesitimu, eminyakeni engamashumi amabili noma amathathu edlule, ngenxa ye-petroleum, amakhemikhali, isiteshi sikagesi, igolide, imikhumbi, amandla enuzi, i-aerospace kanye nezinye izici zesidingo, zabeka phambili izidingo eziphakeme i-valve, ukuze abantu bacwaninge futhi bakhiqize imingcele ephezulu ye-valve, izinga lokushisa layo lokusebenza kusukela ekushiseni kokuqala -269 ℃ kuya ku-1200 ℃, ngisho nangaphezulu kuka-3430 ℃; Ingcindezi yokusebenza ibisuka ku-1.33×10-8Pa(1×10ˉ10mmHg) ku-supervacuum kuya ku-1460MPa ekucindezelekeni okukhulu. Ubukhulu bevalvu busuka ku-1mm kuye ku-6000mm futhi bufike ku-9750mm. Izinto zevalvu ezivela ku-cast iron, carbon steel, ukuthuthukiswa kuye ku-titanium ne-titanium alloy steel, kanye nensimbi ekwazi ukumelana nokugqwala, insimbi yezinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye ne-valve yensimbi ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa. Imodi yokushayela ye-valve kusukela ekuthuthukisweni okuguquguqukayo kuya kugesi, i-pneumatic, i-hydraulic, kuze kube yilapho isilawuli sohlelo, umoya, isilawuli kude, njll.
Ngokwendima ye-valve evulekile nevaliwe, izindlela zokuhlukanisa ama-valve ziningi, lapha ukwethula okulandelayo okulandelayo.
1. Ukuhlukaniswa ngomsebenzi nokusetshenziswa
(1) ivalvu yokumisa: ivelufa yokumisa yaziwa nangokuthi ivalvu evaliwe, indima yayo ukuxhuma noma ukusika into ephakathi epayipini. Ama-valve anqanyuliwe ahlanganisa ama-valve esango, ama-globe valves, ama-plug valve, ama-ball valve, ama-butterfly valves nama-diaphragm valves.
(2) i-valve yokuhlola: i-valve yokuhlola, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-valve yokuhlola noma i-valve yokuhlola, indima yayo ukuvimbela okuphakathi ekugelezeni kwepayipi emuva. Ukumuncwa kwephampu yamanzi ku-valve engezansi nakho kungowe-valve yokuhlola.
(3) valvu yokuphepha: indima yevalvu yokuphepha ukuvimbela umfutho ophakathi nendawo epayipini noma idivayisi ukuba idlule inani elishiwo, ukuze kufezwe inhloso yokuvikela ukuphepha.
(4) i-valve yokulawula: isigaba se-valve esilawulayo esihlanganisa i-valve elawulayo, i-throttle valve kanye ne-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi, indima yayo ukulungisa ingcindezi ye-medium, flow kanye nezinye ezintathu.
(5) i-shunt valve: isigaba se-shunt valve sihlanganisa zonke izinhlobo zamavalvu okusabalalisa nezicupho, njll., indima yaso ukusabalalisa, ukuhlukanisa noma ukuhlanganisa okuphakathi epayipini.
2. Ukuhlukaniswa ngokucindezela okulinganiselwe
(1) I-vacuum valve: ibhekisela kuvalvu umfutho wayo wokusebenza uphansi kunomfutho ojwayelekile womkhathi.
(2) i-valve yokucindezela okuphansi: ibhekisela ku-PN yokucindezela okuzisholo ≤ 1.6mpa valve.
(3) i-valve yokucindezela okuphakathi: ibhekisela ekucindezelweni okulinganiselwe kwe-PN ngu-2.5, 4.0, 6.4Mpa valve.
(4) I-valve yomfutho ophezulu: ibhekisela kuvalvu umfutho wayo we-PN ongu-10 ~ 80Mpa.
(5) I-valve ye-Ultra-high pressure: ibhekisela ku-valve ene-pressure yegama elithi PN≥100Mpa.
3. Ukuhlelwa ngokushisa okusebenzayo
(1) i-valve yokushisa: isetshenziselwa ukushisa okuphakathi kokusebenza kwe-T-100 ℃ valve.
(2) i-valve yokushisa ephansi: isetshenziselwa ukushisa okuphakathi kokusebenza -100℃≤ T ≤-40℃ valve.
(3) i-valve yokushisa evamile: isetshenziselwa ukushisa okuphakathi kokusebenza -40℃≤ T ≤120℃ valve.
(4) i-valve yokushisa ephakathi: isetshenziselwa ukushisa okuphakathi kokusebenza kwe-120 ℃
(5) izinga lokushisa eliphezulu valve: esetshenziswa medium lokushisa T450 ℃ valve ukusebenza medium.
4. Ukuhlukaniswa ngemodi yokushayela
(1) Ivalvu ezenzakalelayo isho ivalvu engadingi amandla angaphandle ukuze ishayele, kodwa incike emandleni ento ephakathi nendawo ukuze yenze i-valve isebenze. Njenge-valve yokuphepha, i-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi, isicupho, i-valve yokuhlola, i-valve yokulawula okuzenzakalelayo nokunye.
(2) I-valve yokushayela amandla: i-valve yokushayela amandla ingasebenzisa imithombo yamandla ehlukahlukene ukushayela.
Ivalvu kagesi: Ivalvu eshayelwa ugesi.
I-valve ye-pneumatic: i-valve eqhutshwa umoya ocindezelwe.
I-Hydraulic valve: I-valve eqhutshwa ukucindezela koketshezi olufana nowoyela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinhlanganisela eziningana zezindlela zokushayela ezingenhla, njengama-valve kagesi kagesi.
(3) I-valve ye-Manual: i-valve yezandla ngosizo lwesondo lesandla, isibambo, i-lever, i-sprocket, ngabasebenzi ukulawula isenzo se-valve. Uma i-valve yokuvula nokuvala i-torque inkulu, isondo noma isinciphisi segiya lezikelemu singasethwa phakathi kwesondo lesandla nesiqu se-valve. Uma kunesidingo, amajoyinti e-universal kanye nama-drive shafts nawo angasetshenziswa ekusebenzeni okude.
Kafushane, izindlela zokuhlukanisa ama-valve ziningi, kodwa ikakhulukazi ngokwendima yazo ekuhlukaniseni amapayipi. Ama-valve ajwayelekile kwezobunjiniyela bezimboni nezomphakathi angahlukaniswa abe yizigaba eziyi-11, okuyi-valve yesango, i-valve yembulunga yonke, ipulaki i-valve, i-valve yebhola, i-butterfly valve, i-diaphragm valve, isheke i-valve, i-throttle valve, i-valve yokuphepha, i-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi kanye ne-valve yesicupho. Amanye ama-valve akhethekile, njengama-instrument valve, ama-hydraulic control pipeline valves, ama-valve asetshenziswa emishinini eyahlukene yamakhemikhali nezinto zokusebenza, awekho ngaphakathi kwendawo yale ncwadi.
5. Ukwahlukanisa ngobubanzi obungajwayelekile
(1) I-valve yobubanzi obuncane: i-valve engu-DN≤40mm encane.
(2) I-valve yobubanzi obumaphakathi: i-valve engu-DN engu-50 ~ 300mm.
(3) I-valve yobubanzi obukhulu: i-valve ebizwa ngokuthi i-DN engu-350 ~ 1200mm valve.
(4) I-valve yobubanzi obukhulu: i-valve engu-DN≥1400mm.
6. Ukuhlukaniswa ngokwezici zesakhiwo
(1) ukuvalwa: izingxenye zokuvula nokuvala (idiski) ezishayelwa isiqu se-valve emgqeni ophakathi nendawo wesihlalo se-valve ukuze uphakamise ukunyakaza;
(2) umumo weqhude: izingxenye ezivulayo nezivalayo (i-valve yesango) eshayelwa isiqu se-valve emgqeni ophakathi nendawo obheke esihlalweni ukuze uphakamise ukunyakaza;
(3) vala ipulaki: izingxenye ezivulayo nezivalayo (ipulaki lekhoni noma ibhola) ezizungeze ukuzungeza komugqa omaphakathi;
(4) i-valve yokuvula: izingxenye zokuvula nokuvala (i-valve disc) zizungeza i-axis ngaphandle kwesihlalo;
(5) Umugqa wovemvane: izingxenye ezivulayo nezivalayo (idiski) zizungeza i-eksisi engaguquki esihlalweni;
(6) Umugqa we-valve yesilayidi: izingxenye ezivulayo nezivalayo zishelela ziqonde ngqo esiteshini.
7. Ukuhlelwa ngendlela yokuxhuma
(1) I-valve yokuxhuma enezintambo: umzimba we-valve onentambo yangaphakathi noma intambo yangaphandle, nokuxhumeka kwentambo yepayipi.
(2) I-valve yokuxhuma ene-Flanged: umzimba we-valve onama-flange, nokuxhumeka kwe-flange yepayipi.
(3) I-valve yokuxhuma i-Welding: umzimba we-valve one-welding groove, uxhumano lwe-welding nepayipi.
(4) I-valve yokuxhuma i-clamp: umzimba we-valve uxhunywe ne-clamp yepayipi nge-clamp.
(5) Ivalvu yokuxhuma imikhono: ukuxhumana komkhono nepayipi.
(6) I-valve yokuxhuma i-clamp: ibhawodi ngqo kuvalvu kanye neziphetho ezimbili zepayipi elibophayo ndawonye.
8. Hlukanisa ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo
(1) I-valve yensimbi yensimbi: umzimba wayo we-valve nezinye izingxenye zenziwe ngezinto zensimbi. Okufana ne-cast iron valve, i-carbon steel valve, i-alloy steel valve, i-valve ye-alloy yethusi, i-aluminium alloy valve, i-lead alloy valve, i-titanium alloy valve, i-monel alloy valve, njll.
(2) i-valve yezinto ezingezona ezensimbi: umzimba we-valve nezinye izingxenye zenziwe ngezinto ezingezona ezensimbi. Njenge-valve yepulasitiki, i-ceramic valve, i-valve enemigqa, i-valve ye-FRP njalonjalo.
(3) i-valve yensimbi enomzimba wensimbi: i-valve yokwakheka komzimba iyinsimbi, ukuthintana kwangaphakathi nendawo eyinhloko ye-medium kufakwe umugqa, njenge-valve yenjoloba, i-valve yepulasitiki, i-ceramic valve, njll.
Indlela yokwakhiwa kwemodeli ye-valve yesiteshi samandla Leli zinga lisebenza ohlelweni lwepayipi likabhayela wesiteshi samandla lamavalvu esango (i-valve yokukhipha amanzi ngokushesha, i-valve enqamukile, i-valve enezinhlangothi ezintathu, i-valve yokuvula nokuvala okusheshayo, i-valve engenisayo yesifudumezi esinomfutho ophezulu), hlola i-valve, i-valve ye-heater heater), i-valve yokukhulula, i-valve elawulayo, i-valve yokusabalalisa amanzi, i-valve yokudlula, i-valve yebhola, i-valve yokukhulula, i-throttle valve, i-plug valve, i-butterfly trap, i-steam trap, kanye nokuhlola ukucindezela kwamanzi. I-valve ye-valve ekhulula umfutho (i-plug valve), njll. Amavaluvu asetshenziswa eziteshini zamandla kagesi ophehlwa ngamanzi nezinye iziteshi zamandla angase abhekisele kuleli zinga.
1 ububanzi
Leli zinga lisebenza ohlelweni lwepayipi likabhayela wesiteshi samandla lamavalvu esango (i-valve yokukhipha amanzi esheshayo, i-valve enqamukile, i-valve enezinhlangothi ezintathu, i-valve yokuvula nokuvala ngokushesha, i-valve engenisayo ye-heater enomfutho ophezulu), i-valve yesheke, indawo yokufudumeza umfutho ophezulu. ivalvu), ivalvu yokukhulula, ivalvu elawulayo, ivalve yokusabalalisa amanzi, i-by-pass valve, i-valve yebhola, i-valve yokukhulula, i-throttle valve, i-plug valve, i-butterfly valve, i-steam trap, nokuhlola ukucindezela kwamanzi izinga lokushisa kanye nevalve ekhulula ukucindezela ( I-valve yokuxhuma), njll.
Amavavu asetshenziswa eziteshini zikagesi ophehlwa ngamanzi nezinye iziteshi zikagesi nawo angabhekisa kuleli zinga.
2. Indlela yokuhlanganisa amamodeli amavalvu
2. 1 Amakhodi ohlobo achazwa ngezinhlamvu zefonethiki zesiShayina, njengoba kushiwo kuThebula 1.
Ithebula 1 Ikhodi yohlobo lweValve
2.2 Ikhodi yokudlulisela izoba ngezinombolo zesi-Arabhu njengoba kushiwo kuThebula 2
2.3 Amakhodi amafomu okuxhuma amelwe ngezinombolo zesi-Arabhu njengoba kushiwo kuThebula lesi-3
Ithebula 2 Ikhodi yemodi yokudlulisa amandla e-valve
Ithebula 3 Ikhodi yohlobo lokuxhumeka kweValve
2. 4 Amakhodi amafomu esakhiwo avezwa ngezinombolo zesi-Arabhu ngokwethebula 4 kuya kuThebula 16.
Ithebula 4 Ikhodi yesakhiwo sevalvu yesango
Ithebula 5 Ikhodi yesakhiwo yamazinga okushisa ne-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi
Ithebula 6 Ikhodi yesakhiwo sevalvu yokuhlola yeHydraulic
Ithebula 7 I-valve ye-Globe kanye nekhodi yesakhiwo se-throttle valve
Ithebula 8 Ikhodi yesakhiwo sevalvu yokuphepha
Ithebula 9 Hlola ikhodi yohlobo lwesakhiwo se-valve
Ithebula 10 Ikhodi yefomu lesakhiwo sevalvu
Ithebula 11 Ikhodi yesakhiwo sevalvu yokusabalalisa amanzi
Ithebula 12 ikhodi yefomu yesakhiwo sevalvu yebhola
Ithebula 13 Ikhodi yesakhiwo sevalvu yokunciphisa ingcindezi
Ithebula 14 Ikhodi yesakhiwo sevalvu yokuxhuma
Ithebula 15 Ikhodi yesakhiwo sevalvu ye-Butterfly
Ithebula 16 Ikhodi yesakhiwo sogibe
2.5 Indawo yokuvala isihlalo sevalvu noma ikhodi yento yocingo izochazwa ngezinhlamvu zefonethiki zesiShayina ngokwethebula 17.
Ithebula 17 Ikhodi yezinto ezibonakalayo yokuvala ubuso noma ulwelwesi lwesihlalo sevalvu
2. 6 Amakhodi okucindezela okulinganiselwe amelwe izinombolo zesi-Arabhu.
Iyunithi yokucindezela okujwayelekile i-MPa
Uma izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu lendawo engu-≤450℃, inani lokucindezela elivamile limakwa.
Lapho izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lendawo lingama-450℃, izinga lokushisa lokusebenza nokucindezela kokusebenza kuzomakwa ngo-P futhi inombolo enkulu yokushisa yendawo ephakathi izokwengezwa ekhoneni elingezansi kwesokudla le-WORD P. Isibalo siyinombolo engu-10 ihlukaniswe izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu le-medium. Okufana nokuthi: izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo lingu-540 ℃, ingcindezi yokusebenza yikhodi yevalve engu-10 MPa IS P5410,
2. 7 Ikhodi yezinto ezibonakalayo ye-valve body izochazwa ngezinhlamvu ze-pinyin zesiShayina, njengoba kushiwo kuThebula 18.
Ithebula 18 Ikhodi yempahla yomzimba
3 isampula
3. 1 I-Cylindrical gear drive, uxhumano olushiselwe, i-valve ye-wedge evulekile yohlobo lwe-valve yesango, i-valve body sealing surface material iyinsimbi ye-alloy, ingcindezi yokusebenza ingu-10 MPa, izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo lingu-540 ℃, impahla yomzimba we-valve i-chromium platinum-vanadium yensimbi yesango valvu , njenge-z462H-P5, i-l10V yegiya le-cylindrical drive wedge uhlobo lwe-valve yesango eliphindwe kabili
3. 2 I-Bevel gear drive, uxhumano olushiselwe, uhlobo oluqondile, isihlalo se-valve sokuvala indawo engaphezulu yinsimbi ye-alloy, ukucindezela okujwayelekile kungu-20MPa, impahla yomzimba we-valve iyi-carbon steel high pressure globe valve, njenge-j561H-20 bevel gear drive iqonde- ngokusebenzisa i-globe valve
3. 3 Okushiselwe, ukugeleza okuqondile, impahla yesihlalo se-valve evala uphawu yinsimbi eyingxubevange, ukucindezela okujwayelekile kwe-4 MPa i-valve yokuhlola, njenge-H69H-4 i-valve yokuhlola ukugeleza okuqondile
3.4 Uxhumano lwentambo yangaphakathi, i-valve yembulunga enezinhlangothi ezintathu, isihlalo se-valve sealing surface impahla iyinsimbi eyingxubevange, ukucindezela okuzisholo ngama-VIP angu-32, njengalokhu: I-J19H-32 gauge yokucindezela ene-valve yeglobhu enezinhlangothi ezintathu.
3. I-5 yokuxhuma i-welding kagesi, i-sleeve plunger enezigaba eziningi, i-valve sealing surface material ye-alloy eqinile, ingcindezi ebizwa ngokuthi i-32 MPa valvu yokulawula, njenge-: T969Y-32 i-valve yokulawula umehluko we-high pressure high
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-26-2022
