Erosion matambudziko uye mhinduro dzevharuvhu yemagetsi Mashandisiro emagetsi valve nemazvo

Erosion matambudziko uye mhinduro dzevharuvhu yemagetsi Mashandisiro emagetsi valve nemazvo

 
Panyaya yezvinetso uye mhinduro dzemavharuvhu emagetsi asingadziviriri kukukurwa anogadzirwa kune erosive media, mukati memuviri wevharuvhu uye bhora repakati zvakashongedzerwa nekunyura-inodzivirira uye inodzivirira zera polyperfluorinated ethylene, saka ine yakavimbika kukukurwa kwekudzivirira uye kuvhara. pfuma.

Kukukurwa kwekemikari kwesimbi kunoenderana nekupisa, kurongeka kwemechani yezvikamu zvinoputika, nguva yekubatana pakati pe sulfide iri mumafuta ekuzora uye nekupokana kwayo neasidhi uye yepakati, iyo catalytic mhedzisiro yesimbi pane nitridation process, chiyero chekushandurwa kwemamorekuru ezvinhu zvinokukurisa kune simbi uye zvichingodaro.

1. Kukanganiswa kwevhavha yemagetsi kunowanzonzwisiswa sekuparadzwa kwezvinhu zvesimbi zvevhavha yemagetsi pasi pechiito chemakemikari kana electrochemical environment. Nekuti kukurwa kunoitika mukudyidzana kunongoerekana kwaitika pakati pesimbi nenzvimbo dzakatenderedza, nzira yekuparadzanisa simbi kubva kunharaunda yakatenderedza kana kushandisa zvimwe zvisiri zvesimbi zvinogadzirwa zvave kunetsa vanhu.

2. Sezvinozivikanwa kune vose, kuputika kwesimbi uye kuparadzwa kune simba guru pahupenyu hwebasa, kuvimbika uye hupenyu hwebasa remagetsi emagetsi. Mechanical uye erosion zvinhu zvinoshanda pasimbi zvinowedzera huwandu hwese hwekupfeka pane yekubata kumeso. Magetsi vharafu mukuita basa, friction pamusoro pese kupfeka. Panguva yekushanda kwevhavha yemagetsi, friction surface inopfekwa uye yakakuvadzwa semugumisiro wekuita panguva imwechete yemagetsi uye kuwirirana kwemakemikari kana electrochemical pakati pesimbi uye zvakatipoteredza. Pavhavha yemagetsi, pombi inoshanda mamiriro ekunze yakaoma; Kukwira kwehydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide uye mamwe organic acids mu petroleum, gasi rechisikigo uye mafuta reservoir mvura inowedzera simba rinoparadza resimbi pamusoro, nokudaro nokukurumidza kurasikirwa kukwanisa kushanda.

3, nekuti kukukurwa kwekemikari kwesimbi kunoenderana nekupisa, kurongeka kwemakanika kwezvikamu zvinokweshana, iyo sulfide iri mumafuta ekuzora uye nekupokana kwayo neasidhi uye nepakati yekubata nguva uye inokonzeresa mhedzisiro yesimbi pane nitriding process, chiyero chekushandurwa kwemamorekuru ezvinhu zvinokukurisa kune simbi uye zvichingodaro. Nokudaro, nzira yekudzivirira-corrosion (kana zviyero) zvesimbi yemagetsi valve uye kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nemagetsi emagetsi zvakave imwe yezvidzidzo zvekutsvakurudza zveindasitiri yemagetsi emagetsi ikozvino.

4, simbi yemagetsi valve anticorrosion, inogona kunzwisiswa sesimbi yemagetsi vharafu yakavharwa nenzvimbo yekudzivirira kubva mukukukurwa (sependi, pendi, mafuta ekuzora, nezvimwewo), kuitira kuti vharafu yemagetsi ingave mukugadzira, kuchengetedza, kutakura zvichiri muhurongwa hwese hwekushandiswa kwayo hadzina kuparadzwa.

5, simbi yemagetsi valve anticorrosion nzira inoenderana nekudiwa kwenguva yekudzivirira, chekufambisa uye chekuchengetedza nzvimbo, magetsi emagetsi magadzirirwo maitiro uye zvinhu, hongu, chinja kuti utarise hupfumi hwekurwisa-corrosion.

Mavharuvhu emagetsi anofanira kushandiswa sei chaizvo

Kudzora kwemagetsi kwevharuvhu yemagetsi nekuda kwekuenderera mberi kwekufambira mberi kwechiyero chezvigadzirwa zvemaindasitiri otomatiki, rimwe divi rakatarisana nekushandiswa kwemavharuvhu emagetsi akawanda, rimwe divi rakatarisana nezvinodiwa zvekudzora zvemagetsi mavharuvhu ari kuwedzera uye akakwira, zvakanyanya uye zvakanyanya. zvakanyanya kuoma. Saka dhizaini yevhavha yemagetsi mukutonga kwemagetsi inogara ichivandudzwa. Nekuvandudzwa kwesainzi uye tekinoroji uye kufarirwa kwekombuta, nzira itsva uye dzakasiyana-siyana dzekudzora magetsi dzicharamba dzichikwira. Nokuda kwekufungisisa kwekutonga kwese kwevhavha yemagetsi, kutarisa kunofanira kubhadharwa kune kusarudzwa kwemaitiro ekugadzirisa kwevhavha yemagetsi. Semuenzaniso, maererano nezvinodiwa zvepurojekiti, kana kushandisa iyo centralized control mode, ichiri imwe chete yekudzora modhi, ingave yekubatanidza nemimwe michina, kutonga kwechirongwa kuchiri kushandiswa kwechirongwa checomputer, zvichingodaro, kutonga kwayo. nheyo yakasiyana. Muenzaniso wakapihwa nemugadziri wemagetsi evhavha ndiyo chiyero chekudzora magetsi, saka chikamu chekushandisa chinofanira kunge chiri kuburitswa kwehunyanzvi nemugadziri wemagetsi emagetsi kuti ajekese zvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi. Mukuwedzera, pakusarudza mavharuvhu emagetsi, tinofanira kufunga nezvekutenga mamwe magetsi emagetsi emagetsi. Kazhinji, mutongi anotengwa zvakasiyana. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kana uchishandisa kutonga kumwe chete, zvakakosha kutenga mutongi, nokuti kutenga kwemutongi kuri nyore uye kunodhura kudarika dhizaini yekugadzira nekugadzira. Kana iyo magetsi ekutonga basa isingakwanise kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zveinjiniya, inofanirwa kuiswa pamberi pechigadzirwa chekugadzira kuti chigadzirise kana kugadzirazve.

Zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvehuinjiniya, basa rekutonga revhavha yemagetsi rinopedzwa nemagetsi emagetsi. Chinangwa chekushandisa vharuvhu yemagetsi ndechekuvhura, kuvhara uye kugadzirisa kubatanidza kwevharuvhu kuti uwane isiri-yakagadzirwa magetsi kutonga kana kutonga komputa. Ikozvino kushandiswa kwemagetsi emagetsi hakusi kungochengetedza manpower. Nemhaka yokuti basa uye hutano hwezvigadzirwa zvevagadziri vakasiyana zvakasiyana, saka, kusarudzwa kwemagetsi emagetsi uye kusarudzwa kwevhavha kunokosha kune kuenzana kweinjiniya.

Muinjiniya yepombi, kusarudzwa kwakaringana kwemavharuvhu emagetsi ndeimwe yezvinodiwa kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa. Kana iyo valve yemagetsi inoshandiswa isina kusarudzwa zvakanaka, haizokanganisa kushandiswa, asiwo inounza migumisiro yakaipa kana kurasikirwa kwakanyanya. Nokudaro, vheji yemagetsi inofanira kusarudzwa zvakarurama mukugadzirwa kweinjiniya yepombi. Mukuwedzera kune mapaipi epipeline, valve yemagetsi inofanira kubhadhara zvakanyanya kune zvakatipoteredza nzvimbo yebasa rayo. Nemhaka yokuti chigadziro chemagetsi muvhavha yemagetsi inyanzvi yemagetsi uye magetsi, mamiriro ayo ekushanda anonyanya kukanganiswa nemamiriro ayo ekushanda.

Kazhinji, vharuvhu yemagetsi iri munzvimbo inotevera yekushanda:

1. Kuiswa kwemukati kana kushandiswa kwekunze nematanho ekudzivirira;

2, kuiswa kwekunze, mhepo, jecha, mvura, kupenya kwezuva uye kumwe kuora;

3, ine moto, gasi rinoputika kana guruva nharaunda;

4, nzvimbo inopisa uye ine mwando, yakaoma nzvimbo dzinopisa;

5, tembiricha yepiipi yepakati yakakwira kusvika 480 ℃ kana pamusoro;

6, tembiricha iri pazasi -20 ℃;

7. Zviri nyore kunyudzwa kana kunyudzwa mumvura;

8, ine radioactive zvinhu (nyukireya magetsi zvidyarwa uye radioactive zvinhu bvunzo midziyo) nharaunda;

9. Mamiriro ezvinhu pachikepe kana dock (nemunyu spray, mold, wet);

10, ine zviitiko zvechisimba zvekudengenyeka;

11, inowanzoitika nguva dzemoto; Nokuda kwevhavha yemagetsi munharaunda iri pamusoro, maitiro ayo emagetsi emagetsi, zvinhu uye matanho ekudzivirira zvakasiyana. Nokudaro, iyo inoenderana valve yemagetsi mudziyo inofanira kusarudzwa maererano nepamusoro pekushanda nharaunda.