Umda wesicelo kunye neemfuno zobugcisa zeevalvu zesikhululo samandla (3)

Umda wesicelo kunye neemfuno zobugcisa zeevalvu zesikhululo samandla (3)

I-valve yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yesethi enkulu epheleleyo yezixhobo, ezisetyenziselwa ukusika, ukubethelwa, ukulawula uxinzelelo kunye nokutshintsha indlela yokuhamba ye-medium (izinto, amanzi, umphunga, umoya kunye ne-oyile, njl.njl.) kumbhobho wenkqubo. Umgangatho wevalve uchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo imveliso eqhelekileyo yezi zixhobo, ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kunye nongcoliseko lokusingqongileyo, kwaye idlala indima ebalulekileyo. Iintlobo zevalve kunye neenkcukacha zininzi, ikakhulu ivalve yesango, ivalve yeglowubhu, ivalve yokukhangela, ivalve yebhola, ivalve yokhuseleko, ivalve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo, ivalve yomgibe, ivalve yebhabhathane kunye nevalve yenjongo ekhethekileyo, ukusetyenziswa okubanzi, umthamo omkhulu. Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelelanga kunye noqikelelo olugwenxa, kwisethi enkulu epheleleyo yezixhobo, i-valve yotyalo-mali ithatha malunga ne-3% - 5% yotyalo-mali lulonke kwizixhobo.
(l) Umvelisi wevalvu kunye nemeko yemveliso
Ilizwe kwinqanaba lesiphaluka ngasentla ulawulo lwamashishini valve malunga 180, kuquka 19 amashishini umqolo ongundoqo, kukho isikali ezithile iidolophu kunye namashishini ngamnye ngaphezu 2000, abavelisi abancinci ngabanye nzima ukuba izibalo, amashishini elokishini kunye nabavelisi ngamnye zisasazwa kwi. I-Jiangsu kunye neZhejiang kunye nendawo ephakathi kwamaThafa. Kushishino lwevalvu, amashishini karhulumente amakhulu naphakathi, ingakumbi amashishini asemva, asenenzuzo enkulu kwinqanaba lokwenziwa kweevalvu kunye namandla obugcisa. Abanye babavelisi basebenzise i-resin sand line modeling, amacandelo aphambili evalve kwizixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC, imigca ezenzekelayo okanye ukusetyenzwa kwezixhobo zokudibanisa umatshini, umphezulu wokutywina ngokwahlulwa ngokulinganayo kwitekhnoloji ye-welding yokutshiza, i-valve yoyilo lwe-CAD iteknoloji, i-three-dimensional solid. ukwenza imodeli. Ubuchwephesha obuphezulu bukhuthaze ukuphuculwa kwenqanaba lokuvelisa ivalvu kunye nomgangatho wemveliso. Kodwa uninzi lwabavelisi bevalvu bephosa izixhobo zokunyibilikisa ezindala, ubukhulu becala imodeli yezandla, umatshini wezixhobo zoomatshini ngokubanzi kunye nokusika isixhobo esinye, izixhobo zokubona azigqibelelanga okanye azifikeleli kumgangatho. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, abanye abavelisi iivalvu ezincinci nabaphakathi ukusuka ekuqiniseni ulawulo lwabasebenzi, ukubeka isiseko, izixhobo kwaye babambe uhlaziyo lobuchwephesha, umgangatho iteknoloji imveliso ngokuthe ngcembe ngcono, ibakala imveliso, ukubamba umgangatho imveliso, ukubamba imarike, iinzuzo ezinkulu kwezoqoqosho, kunye namashishini amakhulu okanye angomqolo ukukhuphisana nesakhono, amandla ayo kunye nemibono yophuhliso ayinakujongelwa phantsi.
(2) Inqanaba lemveliso
Ngokusetyenziswa kwemigangatho yesizwe, ukudluliselwa kobuchwephesha, ukomeleza uvavanyo kunye nokufumanisa kuthetha, ukuguqulwa kwemveliso endala kunye nokuphucula umgangatho woyilo kunye nenkqubo, umgangatho weemveliso zevalve kwilizwe lethu uphuculwe kakhulu kwiminyaka ephantse ibe ngama-20, iintlobo zenkcazo, ngokukodwa. kwivalve yebhabhathane elitywiniweyo, ivelufa yesango elisicaba kunye nevalve yebhola etywiniweyo kwiindidi kunye neemveliso zanda ngokukhawuleza (iintlobo ezili-14 zevalve ekhoyo malunga nothotho lwama-2000, inkcukacha ezingaphezu kwe-12,000). Phakathi kwabo, umthamo woluhlu olubanzi lweevalvu eziqhelekileyo ngokusisiseko ufikelele kwinqanaba le-1980s ngaphandle, ezi zivalo kwisakhiwo semveliso kunye nezinto kunye neminye imiba yevalve eveliswe ngaphandle kwiminyaka yakutshanje iyafana, inokuveliswa ngokomgangatho we iimfuno zangaphandle, kodwa kumgangatho wemveliso ayizinzile ngokwaneleyo, kukho umsantsa othile kunye namazwe aphuhlileyo. Kodwa kwezinye iivalve ezikhethekileyo, njengevalve yolawulo oluzenzekelayo, ivalve yebhola eqinileyo, * * ivelufa encinci yokuhamba, ivalve yeslag yothuthu, ivalve yokwahlula umphunga engundoqo kunye nevalve yokukhululeka yokuqina, njl. njl.), ivalve yeparameter ephezulu (efana nokusebenzisa iqondo lobushushu iphezulu kune-700 ℃, i-caliber kune-valve yebhola ye-lm), izixhobo zevalve (i-hydrogen sulfide resistant steel material, i-urea kunye ne-carbon fiber composite materials), kunye ne-gap ene-actuator yevalve yangaphandle, njl njl. (kubandakanya ukwaziswa koyilo lokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwevalvu) kunye nokuphumelela kobugcisa ngokuthe ngcembe ukusombulula. Iivalvu, amandla axhasayo asekhaya angakwazi ukuhlangabezana ne-300000 t/a ethylene, 300000 t/a ammonia, urea, 60000 t, 520000 t/a ye-80000 t/a/a high-pressure polyethylene, polypropylene glycnet/ethylene 60000 , 80000 t/a vinyl chloride, 50000 t/a propylene holt, 30000 t/a, acetaldehyde, 45000 t/a, 2.5 yezigidi t/a yokucokisa, 3 butadiene 10,000 10,000 M 3M isikhululo somoya senyukliya, 3M isikhululo somoya senyukliya umzi-mveliso wamandla kunye nombhobho wothumelo lomgama omde kunye nezinye izixhobo. Ubungakanani beeseti ezinkulu ezipheleleyo zezixhobo kumazwe angaphandle ziyanda, zikhuthaza inqanaba levalvu ehambelana nayo. Kukho kwakhona umzila wophuhliso onjalo e-China, kodwa kukho umsantsa omkhulu ekuxhaseni umthamo xa kuthelekiswa namazwe aphuhlileyo, ikakhulukazi abonakaliswe kwiivalvu ezikhethekileyo, iivalve eziphezulu zeparameter, iinkqubo zokulawula kunye nezixhobo zokuqhuba.
Umda wesicelo kunye neemfuno zobugcisa zeevalvu zesikhululo samandla (III) Indlela yokulungiselela imodeli yemveliso iya kulandela izibonelelo ze-JB/T4018. Xa iqokobhe i-WCB kunye ne-WC1, i-WC6 kunye ne-WC9 imathiriyeli, imodeli yemveliso yevalvu iya kuqulunqwa ngokwendlela echazwe kwi-JB/T4018 kwintsimbi ye-carbon steel kunye ne-cr al-V alloy steel ngokulandelanayo. Iimpawu zomnyango kunye nokuchongwa kwesindululo sepeyinti JB/T 106. Kumzimba owenziwe ngeWCB, ukuchongwa kunye nokupeyinta kuya kubhekisa kumalungiselelo ezixhobo zentsimbi yekhabhoni; Kwimizimba yevalvu eyenziwe nge-WC1, WC6, WC9, into yokuchongwa iyakubhekisa kumalungiselelo emathiriyeli yentsimbi yealloyi. Ukutshintsha kombala wepeyinti kuvunyelwe ngokwesicelo somthengi.
Uqhagamshelo: Umda wesicelo kunye neemfuno zobugcisa zeevalvu zesikhululo samandla (II)
8 Ukumakisha, ukupakisha, ukugcina nokuthutha
8.1 amanqaku
8.1.1 Indlela yokudibanisa imodeli yemveliso iya kulandela izibonelelo ze-JB/T4018. Xa iqokobhe i-WCB kunye ne-WC1, i-WC6 kunye ne-WC9 imathiriyeli, imodeli yemveliso yevalvu iya kuqulunqwa ngokwendlela echazwe kwi-JB/T4018 kwintsimbi ye-carbon steel kunye ne-cr al-V alloy steel ngokulandelanayo.
8.1.2 Xa umzimba wevalvu iyi-WCB, WC1, WC6, WC9, inombolo yebrendi yayo inokuphawulwa kumzimba wevalvu.
8.1.3 Iipleyiti zesinyithi ziya kufakwa kwiimveliso zevalvu ezivunyiweyo, kwaye indawo yokubopha kunye nobukhulu beeplathi zamagama ziya kuhambelana nemizobo yoyilo. Nceda ujonge kwiSihlomelo F malunga nemixholo yoluhlu lwegama
8.1.4 Amalungu abalulekileyo kunye nee-welds zoxinzelelo ezigqithisa ukuhlolwa ziya kubalwa okanye zimakishwe ngokuthe ngqo, kwaye amanqaku aya kuphawulwa kwindawo enoxinzelelo oluphantsi, ngakumbi ukuphepha indawo yoxinzelelo loxinzelelo, ukuguqulwa kwemilo kunye nobushushu be-welding zone echaphazelekayo, olungayi kuthintela ukugwetywa kweziphumo zovavanyo olungonakalisi.
8.1.5 Ukumakishwa kweValve kunye nokuchongwa kwepeyinti Isindululo JB/T 106. Ngomzimba owenziwe nge-WCB, ukuchongwa kunye nokupeyinta kuya kubhekisa kumalungiselelo ezixhobo zentsimbi yekhabhoni; Kwimizimba yevalvu eyenziwe nge-WC1, WC6, WC9, into yokuchongwa iyakubhekisa kumalungiselelo emathiriyeli yentsimbi. Ukutshintsha kombala wepeyinti kuvumelekile ngokwesicelo somthengi. Amanye amanqaku aya kwenziwa ngokwemigangatho efanelekileyo.
8.2 ukupakisha
8.2.1 Ngaphambi kokupakisha, i-valve kufuneka ipeyintiwe ngokuhambelana ne-8.1.5, kwaye iindawo ezingapeyintwanga okanye indawo esetyenzisiweyo ngaphandle kwe-rust layer kufuneka ifakwe nge-oyile echasene ne-rust.
8.2.2 Umphezulu wokutywina, isiphelo esidityanisiweyo, isiphelo esiphothiweyo kunye nomngxuma ongaphakathi wevalvu kwiziphelo zombini zeflange kufuneka ukhuselwe ngeeplagi okanye iipleyiti zokugquma, kwaye kufuneka kube lula ukudibanisa kunye nokuqhaqha.
I-8.2.3 Iimveliso ze-valve ziya kupakishwa kwaye zithunyelwe ngokuhambelana noluhlu lokupakisha: Iivalve ezinomthamo omkhulu zinokupakishwa zihamba ze ngokweemfuno zomyalelo, kodwa ziya kuqinisekisa ukuba aziyi konakala ngexesha lokuthutha.
8.3 gcina
Iimveliso zevalvu kufuneka zigcinwe kwigumbi elomileyo, elingena umoya kwaye zifunjwe ngobunono njengoko kufuneka. Ukugcinwa okuvulekileyo okanye ukupakishwa kweemveliso akuvumelekanga.
8.4 ezothutho
8.4.1 Ngexesha lothutho, idiski yevalvu iya kuvalwa kwaye idiski yevalve yokutshekisha iya kulungiswa; Ivalve yeplagi kufuneka ibe kwindawo yokungafihli; Ubunzima be-valve ye-lever buya kususwa kwi-lever, ibekwe ngokwahlukileyo, kwaye i-lever igxininiswe. I-flange yecala okanye umbhobho we-welding groove kuzo zombini iziphelo zeshaneli yevalve ivaliwe ngepleyiti yokugubungela okanye iplagi ukukhusela ukungcola kunye nokungena kwamanzi amdaka.
8.4.2 Indawo evelileyo yesikhondo iya kukhuselwa.
9 Ukuhanjiswa kweFayile
Amaxwebhu okuhanjiswa abandakanya isatifikethi semveliso, uluhlu lokupakisha imveliso, kunye nokufakwa kwemveliso kunye nemiyalelo yokusebenza. Imixholo esisiseko iboniswe kwiSihlomelo G, H kunye nam ngokulandelelanayo
Isihlomelo A
(Isihlomelo esinolwazi)
umyalelo
A.1 Isikhokelo seemfuno ze-odolo ezisisiseko sinikezelwe kuMthengi kwiThebhile A.1.
Itheyibhuli A.1 Iimfuno zeodolo ezisisiseko
A.2 ITheyibhuli A.2 ibonelela ngeminye imiyalelo kubathengi ngeemfuno zokuodola ezikhethekileyo kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zeevalvu.
Uluhlu A.2 Iimfuno zeodolo eyodwa
IsiHlomelo B
(Isihlomelo esiqhelekileyo)
Uxinzelelo - umlinganiselo wobushushu
B.1 Itheyibhile B.1~ B.17 ibonisa ukuba izinto zeqokobhe zingama-20.25. I-Zg200-400. Zg230-450.15crmo.zg20crmo.12crmo v. 15Cr1 Molv.zG20CrMov.zG15Cr1Mo1v.1Cr5Mo. ZG1Cr5Mo. Izivalo ze-1Cr18Ni9Ti kunye ne-ZG1Cr18Ni9Ti, Uxinzelelo lwayo oluqhelekileyo ngu-0.1 Mpa.0.25 Mpa.0.4 Mpa.0.6 Mpa.1.0 Mpa.1.6 mpa.2.5 Mpa.4.0 Mpa.6.3 Mpa.10.0 Mpa.16.0 MPa. Uxinzelelo kwiqondo lobushushu kwi-25.0 Mpa.32.0 Mpa.42.0 Mpa.50.0 Mpa.63.0 MPa.
B.2 Iitheyibhile B.18 ukuya kwi-B.21 zibonisa amaxabiso eklasi yoxinzelelo-ubushushu beevalvu ezineqokobhe lemathiriyeli WCB.WC1.WC6.WC9 kwiklasi yepound 150.300.600.900.1500.2000.2500.3500.4500 ngokulandelelanayo.