Kusankhidwa kwa mavavu a madzi ndi mapaipi a ngalande ndikuwunika ubwino ndi kuipa kwa ma valve osiyanasiyana
(1) Mavavu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito papaipi yamadzi amasankhidwa motsatira mfundo zotsatirazi: 1. Pamene m'mimba mwake sali wamkulu kuposa 50mm, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito valavu ya globe, ndipo pamene chitoliro chapakati chimakhala chachikulu kuposa 50mm. , valve yachipata ndi valavu ya butterfly imagwiritsidwa ntchito. 2, muyenera kusintha kuyenda, kuthamanga kwa madzi mukamagwiritsa ntchito valavu yowongolera, valavu yoyimitsa. 3. Zigawo zomwe zimafuna kukana kwamadzi pang'ono (monga chitoliro cha pampu yamadzi) ziyenera kugwiritsa ntchito valve yachipata.
1. Kusankha ndi kuyika mavavu:
Zidutswa zidutswa zidutswa
(1) Ma valve omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito papaipi yamadzi nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa motsatira mfundo izi:
1, chitoliro m'mimba mwake si wamkulu kuposa 50mm, ndi koyenera kugwiritsa ntchito valavu padziko lonse lapansi, chitoliro m'mimba mwake ndi wamkulu kuposa 50mm, kugwiritsa ntchito valavu pachipata, valavu butterfly.
2, muyenera kusintha kuyenda, kuthamanga kwa madzi mukamagwiritsa ntchito valavu yowongolera, valavu yoyimitsa.
3. Zigawo zomwe zimafuna kukana kwamadzi pang'ono (monga chitoliro cha pampu yamadzi) ziyenera kugwiritsa ntchito valve yachipata.
4. Vavu yachipata ndi valavu ya butterfly iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo la chitoliro komwe madzi amafunika kuyenda mozungulira, ndipo valavu yoyimitsa sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
5. Mavavu agulugufe ndi mpira ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazigawo zokhala ndi malo ang'onoang'ono oyika.
6. Ndikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito valve yoyimitsa pagawo la chitoliro chomwe nthawi zambiri chimatsegulidwa ndi kutsekedwa.
7. Valavu yogwira ntchito zambiri iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito papaipi yamadzi yotulutsa madzi ndi caliber yayikulu.
Zidutswa zidutswa zidutswa
(2) Mavavu adzakhazikitsidwa mu magawo otsatirawa a mapaipi operekera madzi:
1. Mapaipi operekera madzi m'boma lokhalamo amachokera ku gawo la mapaipi olowera papaipi yapaipi yamadzi yoperekera madzi.
2. Ma node a panja panja paipi network mu chigawo chokhalamo adzakhazikitsidwa malinga ndi zofunika kulekana. Ngati gawo la chitoliro cha annular ndi lalitali kwambiri, ndi bwino kukhazikitsa valavu yamagulu.
3. Kuyambika kwa chitoliro chanthambi kapena chitoliro chapakhomo chiyambira pa chitoliro chamadzi chowuma m'boma.
4. Chitoliro chapakhomo, mita ya madzi ndi chokwera cha nthambi iliyonse (pansi pa chokwera, chapamwamba ndi chakumunsi cha chokwera chokwera cha chitoliro cha mphete).
5. Chitoliro chachikulu cha netiweki ya chitoliro cha annular ndi chitoliro cholumikizira cha network ya chitoliro cha nthambi.
6. Poyambira paipi yogawa madzi kuchokera papaipi yoperekera madzi m'nyumba kupita ku nyumba ndi chimbudzi cha anthu onse imayikidwa pamene pali 3 kapena kuposerapo malo ogawa madzi papaipi ya nthambi yogawa madzi.
7, mpope wamadzi kuchokera mupaipi yamadzi, mpope woyamwa wa mpope wodzidzaza.
8. Kulowetsa m'thanki yamadzi, kutulutsa ndi kutulutsa mapaipi.
9. Chitoliro chodzaza madzi pazida (monga chotenthetsera, nsanja yozizirira, etc.).
10, zida zaukhondo (monga zazikulu, zokodzera, beseni lochapira, shawa, etc.) chitoliro chogawa madzi.
11. Zida zina, monga valavu yowonongeka, valavu yotulutsa mphamvu, nyundo yamadzimadzi, magetsi othamanga, sprinkler bolt, etc., valve kuchepetsa kuthamanga ndi backflow blocker isanayambe ndi itatha.
12. Gawo la pansi la madzi osungira madzi liyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi valavu ya drainage.
Zidutswa zidutswa zidutswa
(3) Ma valve owunikira ayenera kusankhidwa malinga ndi malo oyikapo, kuthamanga kwa madzi pamaso pa valve, zofunikira zosindikizira pambuyo potseka ndi kukula kwa nyundo yamadzi chifukwa cha kutseka ndi zina:
1. Mtundu wa swing, mtundu wa mpira ndi ma valve oyendera mtundu wa shuttle ayenera kusankhidwa pamene kuthamanga kwa madzi musanayambe valavu.
2. Pamene ntchito yosindikiza imakhala yolimba pambuyo pa kutseka, valve yowunikira yokhala ndi kasupe wotseka iyenera kusankhidwa.
3. Pamene nyundo yamadzi ikufunika kuti ikhale yofooketsa ndi kutsekedwa, valavu yotsegula mwamsanga yotseketsa kapena valavu yotsegula pang'onopang'ono yokhala ndi chida chonyowa iyenera kusankhidwa.
4. Kuphulika kapena spool ya valavu yowunikira iyenera kutseka yokha pansi pa mphamvu yokoka kapena mphamvu ya masika.
Zidutswa zidutswa zidutswa
(4) Ma valve amacheke azikhazikitsidwa pazigawo zotsatirazi zapaipi yoperekera madzi:
Kutsogolera mu chubu; Chotenthetsera madzi chotsekedwa kapena zida zamadzi papaipi yolowera; mpope wa madzi kuchokera mupaipi yamadzi; Mapaipi olowera ndi otuluka amagwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo la chitoliro cha tanki yamadzi, nsanja yamadzi kapena dziwe lamapiri.
Zindikirani: Palibe valavu yowunikira yomwe ikufunika pazigawo za mapaipi okhala ndi zoletsa kubweza kwa chitoliro.
Zidutswa zidutswa zidutswa
(5) Zipangizo zotulutsa mpweya zidzayikidwa pazigawo zotsatirazi zapaipi yamadzi:
1. Ma valve otopa okha ayenera kukhazikitsidwa kumapeto ndi kufananiza pamwamba pa maukonde operekera madzi kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pakanthawi kochepa.
2. Chigawo cha chitoliro cha maukonde operekera madzi ndi kusinthasintha koonekeratu ndi kudzikundikira mpweya kwakhala ndi valavu yotulutsa yokha kapena yotulutsa valavu pamutu wa gawolo.
3. Pazida zoperekera madzi a pneumatic, ngati tanki yamadzi yodziwikiratu yodzaza mpweya imagwiritsidwa ntchito, valavu yotulutsa yokha iyenera kukhazikitsidwa pamalo ofananirako a netiweki yapaipi yogawa madzi.
Awiri, ubwino ndi kuipa kwa mavavu osiyanasiyana:
1
Ma valve a Gate:
Vavu yachipata imatanthawuza valavu yomwe mbali zake zotsekera (mbale pachipata) zimasunthira molunjika motsatira njirayo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati njira yodulira mapaipi, ndiko kuti, imatsegulidwa kwathunthu kapena kutsekedwa kwathunthu. Nthawi zambiri, ma valve a zipata sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera kuyenda. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa kutentha kwapansi kutentha kungagwiritsidwenso ntchito pa kutentha kwakukulu ndi kuthamanga kwambiri, komanso malingana ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana za valve. Koma mavavu apazipata nthawi zambiri sagwiritsidwa ntchito potengera matope ndi zinthu zina papaipi.
Ubwino: ① kukana kwamadzimadzi kumakhala kochepa; (2) Torque yaying'ono yofunikira pakutsegula ndi kutseka; (3) Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu network ya loop pomwe sing'anga imayenda mbali ziwiri, ndiko kuti, kuwongolera kwa sing'anga sikuletsedwa; (4) Pamene atsegulidwa kwathunthu, kukokoloka kwa malo osindikizira ndi sing'anga yogwira ntchito kumakhala kochepa kusiyana ndi valve yoyimitsa; (5) Mapangidwe a mawonekedwe ndi ophweka, ndipo teknoloji yopangira ndi yabwino; ⑥ Kutalika kwake ndi kochepa.
Zoipa: (1) kukula kwachinthu chonse ndi kutalika kwa kutsegula ndi zazikulu, ndipo malo ofunikira oyika nawonso ndi aakulu; (2) Mkati kutsegula ndi kutseka, kusindikiza pamwamba munthu mikangano wachibale, mikangano imfa ndi yaikulu, ngakhale pa kutentha zosavuta chifukwa chafing chodabwitsa; (3) Ma valve a zipata zonse amakhala ndi zophimba ziwiri zosindikizira, zomwe zimawonjezera zovuta pakukonza, kugaya ndi kukonza; Nthawi yayitali yotsegula ndi yotseka.
2
Gulugufe:
Vavu yagulugufe ndi mtundu wa valavu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito potsegula, kutseka ndi kusintha njira yamadzimadzi pozungulira diski yotsegula ndi kutseka magawo pafupifupi 90 °.
Ubwino: (1) Kapangidwe kosavuta, voliyumu yaying'ono, kulemera kopepuka, kumwa, osagwiritsa ntchito mavavu akulu akulu; (2) Kutsegula mwachangu ndi kutseka, kukana kutulutsa kochepa; ③ Angagwiritsidwe ntchito sing'anga ndi inaimitsidwa particles olimba, malinga ndi mphamvu ya kusindikiza pamwamba angagwiritsidwe ntchito ufa ndi sing'anga granular. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito potsegula ndi kutseka kawiri ndikusintha ndikusintha mpweya wabwino komanso payipi yochotsa fumbi. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito paipi ya gasi ndi njira yamadzi yazitsulo, mafakitale opepuka, mphamvu yamagetsi, petrochemical system, etc.
Zoyipa: ① Mayendedwe osinthika siakulu, akatsegulidwa mpaka 30%, kutuluka kudzalowa kuposa 95%. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake ndi zida zosindikizira za valavu yagulugufe, sizoyenera kutentha komanso kuthamanga kwapaipi. General ntchito kutentha m'munsimu 300 ℃, PN40 pansipa. ③ Kusindikiza kwake kumakhala koyipa poyerekeza ndi ma valve a mpira ndi ma valve a globe, kotero amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumalo omwe zofunikira zosindikizira sizokwera kwambiri.
3
Valve ya mpira:
Zimapangidwa kuchokera ku valavu ya pulagi, gawo lake lotsegula ndi lotseka ndi mpira, pogwiritsa ntchito mpirawo kuti uzungulire madigiri 90 kuzungulira tsinde la valve kuti akwaniritse cholinga chotsegula ndi kutseka. Vavu ya mpira mu payipi imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kudula, kugawa ndikusintha komwe kumayendera sing'anga, yopangidwa kukhala valavu yotsegulira ya V-woboola pakati ilinso ndi ntchito yabwino yoyendetsera bwino.
Ubwino: (1) ndi kukana otsika otaya (kwenikweni 0); (2) Chifukwa sichidzakhazikika pa ntchito (popanda mafuta), ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito modalirika kuzinthu zowonongeka ndi madzi otsika otentha; ③ Mu lalikulu kuthamanga ndi kutentha osiyanasiyana, akhoza kukwaniritsa kusindikiza wathunthu; (4) Imatha kuzindikira kutsegulira ndi kutseka mwachangu, ndipo nthawi yotsegulira ndi kutseka yazinthu zina ndi 0.05-0.1s, kuti zitsimikizire kuti zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina opangira bedi loyesera. Kutsegula mwachangu ndi kutseka valavu, kugwira ntchito popanda kukhudza. (5) Zigawo zotsekera zozungulira zimatha kukhazikitsidwa pamalire; Sing'anga yogwirira ntchito ndi yodalirika kumbali zonse za chisindikizo; ⑦ Pamalo otsegula ndi otsekedwa bwino, mpira ndi mpando wosindikizira pamwamba ndi patali patali, kotero kuthamanga kwambiri kupyolera mu sing'anga ya valve sikungayambitse kukokoloka kwa pamwamba; Kapangidwe kakang'ono, kulemera kopepuka, kumatha kuonedwa kuti ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopangira ma valve otsika kutentha kwapakati; ⑨ Kufanana kwa thupi, makamaka mawonekedwe a thupi, amatha kupirira kupsinjika kwa chitoliro; ⑩ Zigawo zotseka zimatha kupirira kusiyana kwakukulu pakutseka. Kwathunthu welded valavu mpira valavu, akhoza mwachindunji m'manda pansi, kotero kuti valavu mkati sadzakhala dzimbiri, ndi moyo wautali utumiki wa zaka 30, ndi valavu abwino kwa mapaipi mafuta ndi gasi.
Zoipa: (1) Chifukwa chachikulu cha valve mpando kusindikiza mphete zakuthupi ndi PTFE, ndi inert pafupifupi zinthu zonse mankhwala, ndipo ali ndi coefficient yaing'ono ya mikangano, ntchito khola, zovuta kukalamba, osiyanasiyana kutentha ndi ntchito yabwino yosindikiza. . Komabe, zinthu zakuthupi za teflon, kuphatikiza kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwakukula, kukhudzidwa kwa kuzizira, komanso kusayenda bwino kwamafuta, zimafuna kuti mpando upangidwe mozungulira izi. Chifukwa chake, zinthu zosindikizira zikalimba, kudalirika kwa chisindikizo kumasokonekera. Komanso, kukana kutentha kwa PTFE ndi otsika, ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito pansi pa chikhalidwe cha zosakwana 180 ℃. Pamwamba pa kutentha uku, zinthu zosindikizira zidzakalamba. Pogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali, nthawi zambiri sagwiritsidwa ntchito pa 120 ℃. (2) Ntchito yake yoyang'anira ndi yoipa kuposa ya valavu yapadziko lonse, makamaka valavu ya pneumatic (kapena valve yamagetsi).
4
Ma valve a Globe:
Imatanthawuza valavu pomwe membala wotseka (disc) amayenda pamzere wapakati wa mpando. Malingana ndi mawonekedwe a kayendedwe ka valve disc, kusintha kwa mpando wa valve orifice kumakhala kofanana ndi kugunda kwa valve. Chifukwa tsinde kutsegula kapena kutseka sitiroko ya mtundu uwu wa valavu ndi yochepa, ndipo ali odalirika kudula ntchito, ndipo chifukwa kusintha mpando valavu kudzera doko ndi sitiroko ya chimbale ndi mwachindunji mogwirizana ndi ubale, koyenera kwambiri. kwa kayendedwe ka kayendedwe. Choncho, valavu yamtunduwu ndi yosinthika kwambiri podula kapena kusintha ndi kugwedeza.
Ubwino: ① Potsegula ndi kutseka, chifukwa mikangano pakati pa diski ndi valavu yosindikizira thupi ndi yaying'ono kuposa ya valve ya pachipata, kotero imakhala yosagwira ntchito. (2) Kutalika kotsegulira nthawi zambiri kumakhala 1/4 ya njira yapampando, kotero ndi yaying'ono kwambiri kuposa valve yachipata; (3) Kawirikawiri pali malo amodzi okha osindikizira pa thupi la valve ndi diski ya valve, kotero kuti njira yopangira zinthu ndi yabwino komanso yosavuta kusamalira. (4) Chifukwa chodzaza chake nthawi zambiri chimakhala chisakanizo cha asibesitosi ndi graphite, ndiye kuti kutentha kwake kumakhala kokwera. Mavavu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ma valve oyimitsa.
Zoipa: (1) Chifukwa chakuti kayendedwe ka kayendedwe ka sing'anga kupyolera mu valavu yasintha, kotero kukana kwapakati pa valve yodulidwa ndipamwamba kuposa mitundu ina yambiri ya ma valve; ② Chifukwa cha kuyenda kwautali, liwiro lotsegula ndilochedwa kuposa valve ya mpira.
5
Tambala:
Zimatanthawuza valavu yozungulira yomwe ili ndi gawo lotsekera ngati plunger, yomwe imatha kutsegulidwa kapena kutsekedwa kupyolera mu kuzungulira kwa 90 ° kotero kuti doko pa pulagi ya valve lilankhulidwe kapena kupatukana ndi doko pa thupi la valve. Pulagi imatha kukhala cylindrical kapena mawonekedwe a conical. Mfundo yake imakhala yofanana ndi valavu ya mpira, valavu ya mpira imapangidwa pamaziko a valavu ya pulagi, imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pogwiritsira ntchito mafuta m'munda, komanso amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakampani a petrochemical.
6
Valve yothandizira:
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chipangizo choteteza kupsinjika kwambiri muzombo zopanikizidwa, zida kapena mapaipi. Pamene kupanikizika kumakwera pazida, chidebe kapena payipi kupitirira mtengo wovomerezeka, valavu idzatsegulidwa yokha, ndiyeno kutulutsa kwathunthu, kuteteza zipangizo, chidebe kapena payipi ndi kupanikizika kumapitirira kukwera; Pamene kupanikizika kumachepetsedwa kufika pamtengo wotchulidwa, valavu iyenera kutsekedwa panthawi yake, kuti ateteze ntchito yotetezeka ya zida, zotengera kapena mapaipi.
7
Msampha wa Steam:
Pakutumiza kwa nthunzi, mpweya woponderezedwa ndi ma media ena, padzakhala mapangidwe ena amadzi a condensation, kuti awonetsetse kuti chipangizocho chikugwira ntchito moyenera komanso motetezeka, ziyenera kutulutsa nthawi yake yazinthu zopanda pake komanso zovulaza, kuwonetsetsa kugwiritsa ntchito komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino. kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho. Iwo ali ndi ntchito zotsatirazi: (1) akhoza mwamsanga kuthetsa condensate opangidwa; ② Pewani kutuluka kwa nthunzi; ③ Kupatula mpweya ndi mpweya wina wosasunthika.
8
Valve yochepetsera kuthamanga:
Ndi valavu yomwe imachepetsa kukakamiza kolowera kuti ikhale yofunikira poyisintha, ndipo imadalira mphamvu ya sing'anga yokhayo kuti mphamvu yotuluka ikhale yokhazikika.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-04-2022
