Didier Vassal, Tus Lwm Thawj Coj ntawm Victaulic OEM thiab Marine Services, piv rau flanged thiab grooved yeeb nkab kev sib txuas txoj kev thiab piav qhia qhov zoo uas grooved yeeb nkab pob qij txha muab tshaj flanges. Kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov kav dej yog qhov tseem ceeb rau ntau yam kev pabcuam uas yuav tsum tau muaj nyob rau hauv cov nkoj, nrog rau cov khoom siv xws li bilge thiab ballast systems, dej hiav txwv thiab dej tshiab txias, lubricating roj, tiv thaiv hluav taws thiab ntxuav lub lawj. Rau cov tshuab no tso cai los ntawm qib piping, ib txoj hauv kev zoo rau kev siv welded mechanical kev sib txuas yog siv slotted mechanical pob qij txha, uas muab cov kev ua haujlwm zoo, kev lag luam thiab cov tswv yim zoo. Cov no suav nrog kev txhim kho kev ua tau zoo; sai thiab yooj yim installation thiab txij nkawm, thiab txo cov huab cua hnyav. Cov teeb meem kev ua tau zoo Hauv flanged yeeb nkab pob qij txha, ob lub mating flanges yog bolted ua ke thiab lub gasket yog compressed los tsim ib lub foob. Raws li cov bolts thiab txiv ntseej ntawm flange sib koom nqus thiab them nyiaj rau lub zog quab yuam, dhau sijhawm, vim muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm lub zog, kev ua haujlwm siab, kev vibration, thiab thermal expansion thiab contraction, bolts thiab txiv ntseej yuav ncab thiab poob lawv qhov qub nruj. Thaum cov bolts no tau txais torque so, lub gasket yuav poob nws compression foob, uas yuav ua rau sib txawv degrees ntawm to. Nyob ntawm qhov chaw thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kav dej, cov dej xau tuaj yeem ua rau cov nqi siab thiab kev phom sij, ua rau kev saib xyuas / kho lub sijhawm poob thiab kev pheej hmoo. Tom qab tshem tawm qhov sib koom ua ke, lub gasket yuav tsum tau hloov pauv vim tias lub gasket yuav lo rau lub flange nto rau lub sijhawm. Thaum disassembling qhov sib koom ua ke, cov gaskets yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ntawm ob lub flange nto, thiab cov chaw no yuav tsum tau ntxuav ua ntej hloov cov gaskets, uas ua rau kom muaj kev tu ncua sijhawm. Vim lub bolt quab yuam thiab kev nthuav dav thiab kev cog lus ntawm lub kaw lus, lub flange gasket tseem yuav tsim compression "deformation" nyob rau lub sij hawm, uas yog lwm qhov ua rau to. Kev tsim cov grooved mechanical yeeb nkab sib koom ua ke kov yeej cov teeb meem kev ua tau zoo. Ua ntej, ib tug zawj yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub kawg ntawm cov yeeb nkab, thiab cov yeeb nkab kev twb kev txuas yog tsau los ntawm ib tug coupling uas haum rau ib tug elastic, siab teb elastomer gasket. Lub coupling vaj tse nyob ib ncig ntawm lub gasket, ntxiv dag zog rau lub foob thiab kho nws nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, vim hais tias cov coupling koom thiab tsim ib tug txhim khu kev qha interlock nyob rau hauv cov yeeb nkab zawj. Kev sib txuas thev naus laus zis tshiab no ua rau cov kav dej ntev txog 24 ntiv tes (600 mm) nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla yuav tsum tau sib sau ua ke nrog tsuas yog ob lub txiv ntseej thiab bolts kom ruaj ntseg cov pob qij txha ntawm tus kheej. Vim yog tsim kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub raj, gasket, thiab vaj tse, cov neeg kho tshuab sib koom ua ke tsim ib lub foob triple, uas yog kho kom zoo dua thaum lub kaw lus yog pressurized. Rigid thiab Flexible Couplings Slotted mechanical yeeb nkab couplings muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv nruj thiab hloov tau, ob qho tib si tau pom zoo los ntawm kev faib tawm hauv zej zog, thiab tuaj yeem siv rau qhov chaw vuam / flange txoj kev hauv 30 lub tshuab, tab sis yuav tsum ua raws li txhua qhov kev teeb tsa. tsim los ntawm lub cev ntawv pov thawj. Rigid couplings yog siv, piv txwv li, nyob ib ncig ntawm thaj chaw xws li manifolds thiab li qub, thiab lawv yooj yim rau kev nkag mus thiab hloov dua li flanges. Raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm nws tus qauv tsim, cov couplings nruj kuj muab axial thiab radial nruj piv rau flanges lossis welded pob qij txha. Flexible couplings muaj qhov zoo hauv kev siv. Ntxiv rau qhov kev txav ntawm cov yeeb nkab vim yog thermal expansion lossis kev co, kev sib txheeb ntawm cov yeeb nkab thiab cov qauv txhawb nqa kuj tseem xav tau. Kev nthuav dav thiab kev cog lus tso siab rau ntawm flanges thiab cov kav dej, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub gasket puas thaum lub sijhawm. Thaum qhov no tshwm sim, cov pob qij txha nyob rau hauv qhov txaus ntshai ntawm to. Lub grooved saj zawg zog coupling tuaj yeem haum cov yeeb nkab hloov pauv hauv daim ntawv ntawm axial txav los yog angular deflection. Yog li ntawd, lawv yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau kev txhim kho cov kav dej ntev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov blocks loj uas dej hiav txwv huab cua tuaj yeem ua rau flanges kom loosen lub sij hawm, ua rau cov dej xau thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kav dej sib cais. Rigid couplings thiab saj zawg zog couplings kuj muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev txo cov suab nrov thiab kev co, yog li tshem tawm qhov xav tau rau cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb txo cov suab nrov thiab cov roj hmab perishable los yog cov khoom zoo sib xws. Kev siv cov tshuab slotted piping tshuab tuaj yeem ua kom yooj yim thiab yooj yim installation thiab txij nkawm, thiab ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov kav dej hauv lub nkoj. Yooj yim rau nruab Thaum txhim kho thawj zaug, lub qhov ntsia hlau qhov ntawm lub flange yuav tsum raug sib dhos kom raug, thiab tom qab ntawd muab nruj kom kho qhov sib koom ua ke. Lub qhov bolt qhov ntsuas ntawm cov khoom siv nkag thiab qhov hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo nrog cov flanges ntawm cov kav dej kom txuas nrog cov khoom siv. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm ib qho ntawm ntau txoj haujlwm ruaj khov tsuas yog txiav txim siab los ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm qhov ntawm lub flange, tsuas yog lub fittings lossis valve tuaj yeem tig kom phim lub qhov ntsia hlau. Tsis tas li ntawd, lwm qhov kawg ntawm cov yeeb nkab flange yuav tsum tau ua raws li nws cov mating flange, uas ntxiv qhov nyuaj ntawm kev sib dhos thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm misalignment. Lub grooved piping system tsis muaj qhov teeb meem no, thiab tuaj yeem ntsia tau yooj yim dua, thiab cov yeeb nkab thiab cov khoom sib txuas tuaj yeem tig tag nrho 360 degrees. Tsis tas yuav tsum tau npaj lub qhov ntsia hlau qhov qauv, thiab qhov sib txuas tuaj yeem taw qhia ntawm txhua txoj haujlwm nyob ib puag ncig kev sib koom tes. Lub coupling tuaj yeem tig ib ncig ntawm cov yeeb nkab kom yooj yim nkag mus rau cov bolts thiab yooj yim nkag mus rau cov khoom siv. Ntxiv rau kev tshem tawm qhov tsis zoo thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa, 360-degree orientation muaj nuj nqi ntawm kev sib txuas thiab qhov profile me dua piv rau flange ua rau kev teeb tsa ntawm qhov zawj system yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau qhov chaw nqaim. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus installer tuaj yeem kho txhua qhov sib dhos bolts ntawm txhua qhov sib koom ua ke mus rau tib txoj haujlwm kom yooj yim rau kev tshuaj xyuas thiab tu. Lub flange yog kwv yees li ob zaug ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov yeeb nkab uas nws txuas nrog. Qhov nruab nrab, grooved couplings tsuas yog ib nrab ntawm qhov loj no. Qhov zoo ntawm qhov tsim me me ua rau nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov tshuab trough, haum rau kev ua haujlwm nrog qhov chaw tsawg, xws li kev nkag mus ntawm decks thiab phab ntsa. Qhov tseeb no tuaj yeem taug qab mus rau xyoo 1930, thaum Victaulic couplings tau siv thawj zaug hauv British nkoj nkoj. Kev sib dhos ceev Vim tias qhov sib txuas muaj tsawg dua bolts thiab qhov xav tau torque tsis tshaj 12 ntiv tes (300 mm), kev teeb tsa cov kav dej grooved yog nrawm dua li flange installation. Tsis zoo li flanges uas yuav tsum tau welded rau cov yeeb nkab kawg, grooved valve Cheebtsam tsis xav tau vuam, uas ntxiv txo lub sij hawm installation, tshem tawm cov thermal puas rau lub valve, thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nyab xeeb los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov kev khiav hauj lwm kub. Kev sib piv ntawm DIN 150 ballast kab teeb tsa siv Victaulic grooved cov khoom nrog cov kev sib txuas ib txwm qhia tau hais tias tag nrho cov sij hawm tsim nyog tau raug txo los ntawm 66% (150.47 txiv neej-teev thiab 443.16 txiv neej-teev). Piv nrog rau kev teeb tsa ntawm 60 qhov sib txuas ua ke, lub sijhawm yuav tsum tau nruab 52 swb-hauv flanges, vuam lub luj tshib thiab tees muaj qhov sib txawv loj tshaj plaws. Kev sib txuas yuav tsum tsuas yog ob lub bolts kom ncav cuag cov yeeb nkab loj ntawm 24 ntiv tes (600 hli). Rau kev sib piv, nyob rau hauv ntau qhov loj, lub flange yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 20 teev ntawm cov txiv ntseej thiab bolts. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub flange yuav tsum tau siv lub sij hawm siv lub hnub qub ciaj ntswj kom nruj nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb ciaj ntswj los ntsuas thiab xyuas kom meej tias qhov tseeb torque specification yog mus txog. Lub tshuab raj grooved tso cai rau kev siv cov cuab yeej txheem tes los sib sau ua ke, thiab thaum lub mating bolt ncoo ntawm lub coupling vaj tse kov cov hlau rau hlau, qhov sib koom ua ke tuaj yeem raug ntsia tau zoo. Kev kuaj pom yooj yim tuaj yeem paub meej tias kev sib dhos kom raug. Ntawm qhov tod tes, flanges tsis muab cov lus pom tseeb pom: tib txoj kev kom ntseeg tau tias lub rooj sib tham tsim nyog yog los sau cov txheej txheem, kuaj xyuas cov xau thiab rov ua kom nruj cov pob qij txha raws li xav tau. Maintainability Lub grooved piping system muaj tib yam ntxwv ntawm kev ceev installation-tsawg dua bolts thiab tsis muaj torque yuav tsum tau-thiab tseem ua rau lub kaw lus tu lossis hloov ua haujlwm sai thiab yooj yim. Txhawm rau nkag mus rau lub twj tso kua mis lossis lub valve, piv txwv li, loosen ob lub bolts ntawm kev sib txuas thiab tshem tawm lub tsev thiab gasket los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke. Nyob rau hauv lub flange system, ntau bolts yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Thaum rov txhim kho lub flange, tib lub sij hawm siv bolt nruj txheej txheem yuav tsum tau ua thaum lub sij hawm pib installation. Vim tias tsis muaj qhov yuav tsum tau rov ua kom nruj dua, kev sib txuas yuav txuag tau ntau yam kev tu ncua kev ua haujlwm ntsig txog flanges. Tsis zoo li flanges qhov twg cov kev ntxhov siab hloov pauv tau siv rau cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws, cov txiv ntoo thiab cov ntsia hlau, cov hlua khi tuav cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws los ntawm sab nraud ntawm cov yeeb nkab sib koom ua ke nrog cov kev sib tw nruj. Tsis tas li ntawd, txij li thaum lub coupling gasket tsis dais siab, nws tsis yog yuav tsum tau hloov nws raws li lub sij hawm txij nkawm, thiab lub flange gasket yuav tsum tau hloov thaum lub kaw lus disassembled rau tu. Txhawm rau txo cov suab nrov thiab kev vibration ntawm lub kaw lus, lub flange system yuav tsum tau siv cov roj hmab hauv qab lossis braided hoses. Cov khoom no tuaj yeem ua tsis tiav vim muaj kev sib tw, thiab nyob rau hauv ib txwm hnav thiab tsim kua muag, lawv yuav tsum tau hloov qhov nruab nrab txhua txhua 10 xyoo, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov nqi thiab lub sijhawm poob. Txawm li cas los xij, cov yeeb nkab txuas nrog cov cuab yeej cuab tam tuaj yeem ua rau lub neej ntev. Lawv muaj peev xwm hloov mus rau qhov kev vibrations thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev sib koom ua ke yam tsis tas yuav tsum tau muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsum tau muaj kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua lossis hloov. Elastic caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntxhua khaub ncaws uas muaj nyob rau hauv qhov hloov tau yooj yim thiab nruj couplings yog qhov ruaj khov thiab tuaj yeem tiv taus kev ua haujlwm loj thiab lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Lub kaw lus tuaj yeem raug nias thiab decompressed ntau zaus yam tsis muaj nkees ntawm elastomer gasket. Lub teeb yuag valve Cheebtsam feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm flange Cheebtsam. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev sib txuas no ntxiv qhov hnyav hnyav rau cov kav dej. Ib tug 6-nti (150 mm) flange valve los ua ke muaj ib tug lug npauj npaim valve. Lub npauj npaim valve txuas nrog lub caj dab welded flange, thiab yim bolts thiab ceev txuas rau txhua sab ntawm lub valve, hnyav txog 85 phaus. Lub 6-nti (150 mm) valve los ua ke siv lub npauj npaim valve nrog qhov kawg grooved, ib lub yeeb nkab nrog ib tug grooved kawg, thiab ob lub couplings nruj los txuas cov khoom no. Qhov hnyav yog kwv yees li 35 phaus, uas yog 58% sib dua li cov flanged sib dhos. . Yog li ntawd, lub grooved valve los ua ke yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev lag luam shipbuilding. Thaum siv cov khoom siv Victaulic grooved es tsis txhob siv txoj kev sib txuas ib txwm siv, qhov kev sib piv saum toj no ntawm cov teeb tsa DIN 150 ballast kab qhia qhov hnyav ntawm 30% (2,164 phaus vs. 3,115 phaus). 52 zawv zawg flanges, ntsia liaj qhov rooj teeb thiab ntxhua khaub ncaws, thaum 60 qhov sib txuas tsis sib xws rau qhov hnyav hauv qhov vuam / flange. Ntawm cov kav dej ntawm ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg, qhov hnyav tuaj yeem raug txo los ntawm kev siv cov grooved yeeb nkab txuas es tsis txhob flanges. Qhov loj ntawm qhov txo yog nyob ntawm cov yeeb nkab txoj kab uas hla thiab hom pob qij txha siv. Hauv kev sim siv Victaulic Style 77 coupling (qhov hnyav tshaj qhov sib txuas ntawm qhov sib txuas) los txuas cov yeeb nkab, tag nrho cov kev teeb tsa ntawm cov grooved Cheebtsam piv rau ob qhov hnyav dua PN10 swb-hauv flanges Qhov hnyav yog qhov qis dua. Kev poob phaus yog sau tseg raws li hauv qab no: 4 nti (100 mm) -67%; 12 nti (300 mm) -54%; 20 nti (500 mm) -60.5%. Kev siv cov sib zog hloov pauv hom 75 lossis nruj hom 07 txuas thiab / lossis hnyav dua flanges tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov hnyav 70%. Piv txwv li, cov khoom siv 24-nti (600 mm) flange siv hauv TG2 system hnyav 507 phaus, thaum cov khoom sib xws siv Victaulic connectors hnyav tsuas yog 88 phaus. Ntawm cov txheej txheem xaiv, lub nkoj nkoj, uas siv cov kev sib txuas grooved hauv kev nyiam flanges, txo qhov hnyav ntawm cov nkoj txhawb nqa ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv los ntawm 12 tons thiab ntawm cov nkoj nkoj los ntawm 44 tons. Cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam ntawm slotting thev naus laus zis rau cov tswv nkoj tau pom tseeb: txo qhov hnyav txhais tau tias nce cov khoom thauj lossis cov neeg caij tsheb thiab txo cov roj noj. Qhov no kuj ua rau kev tuav lub nkoj lub kav dej yooj yim dua. Txoj kev hloov zuj zus Grooved piping systems muaj qhov zoo dua ntawm flanged piping systems vim lawv qhov ceev ceev, ruaj khov thiab txo qhov hnyav. Cov yam ntxwv no, nrog rau lwm yam zoo xws li kev ntseeg siab, kev sib dhos yooj yim thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nyab xeeb qis, tau ua rau cov tswv nkoj, engineers thiab shipyards xaiv slotted mechanical systems es tsis txhob flanges. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev siv groove thev naus laus zis tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm cov khoom siv khoom siv (xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib hloov, lub thawv txias thiab cov cua txias) nrog rau valve thiab compressor manufacturers, ntau yam uas tam sim no muab lawv cov khoom muab grooved kawg kev twb kev txuas. Qhov ntau ntawm cov kev pabcuam uas tuaj yeem siv grooved yeeb nkab txuas txuas ntxiv yog nce zuj zus. Nrog nws daim ntawv thov ua tiav hauv cov tshuab dej, Victaulic yuav txuas ntxiv nws cov keeb kwm ntev ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab los tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tiv thaiv hluav taws thiab tau txais kev pom zoo rau lawv siv hauv kev pabcuam roj av.
(Piv txwv li, "Marine Reporter and Engineering News" luam tawm lub Plaub Hlis 2014-https://magazines.marinelink.com/Magazines/MaritimeReporter)
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Lub sij hawm xa tuaj: Plaub Hlis-19-2021
