Giovanni F. Akola, Franco Cardini, Domenico del Niro, Giordano Bruno Gehry, Gennaro Malgieri, Gennaro Sangiuliano, Mirella Serri, Marcello Veneziani.
Tsakanin labari, muqala da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya shine littafin Christopher Ross, Takobin Mishima (Guanda, shafuka 281, Yuro 17.00) da aka yi amfani da shi don tsananin karimcinsa. Mai ban sha'awa kuma, a wasu lokuta, azaba, mai ban mamaki kuma ba tare da littafin fara'a ba, wanda ke ba da shaida kan lokaci yadda Mishimian tambarin wallafe-wallafen da ra'ayoyin ke da rai sosai kuma har ma daga de ingounsi, inda ya shafi Mishima aikinsa na ƙarshe. saura, wanda aka yi a ranar 25 ga Nuwamba, 1970, kusan fitacciyar ƙwararren adabi kafin ya zama na wanzuwa har ma da siyasa: sp. wanda ya yi niyya ya tuno kasarsa ga irin barnar da aka yi a cikin shekaru masu yawa saboda tushen rashin shekaru, ga ma'anar hangen nesa na rayuwa da 'yan kasarsa ke rasawa.
Maria Teresa Orsi, a cikin gabatarwar ƙarar Meridiani, a gaskiya, ta furta ba tare da kunya ba cewa Mishima "yana wakiltar al'adar Jafananci mafi inganci". A lokaci guda kuma mutum ya gane cewa shi ma marubucin zamani ne na ƙasarsa wanda, a cikin wasu abubuwa, kafin tauraruwar Oe Kenzaburo ya bayyana, ya iya daidaita ruhinsa na gabas tare da haɗin gabas tare da haɗin gabas tare da 'yan gabas. assimilation with the Oriental assimilation with the Oriental assimilation with the Oriental assimilation with the cult assimilation of the cult part employed one own own own Newspaper Poetry.'
A paradox? Sai kawai a cikin bayyanar. A hakikanin gaskiya, ma'anar kyawawan dabi'un dabi'a, kamar yadda mafi mahimmancin marubucin tarihin rayuwarsa, da kuma babban abokinsa, Henry Scott Stokes (Rayuwa da Mutuwar Yukio Mishima, ed. Lindau), wanda ya horar da chefin et dalà ya fi kama da shi Motsa jiki. Shekaru tushen al'adun gargajiya na Yammacin Turai, musamman Girkanci. Kuma wannan shine dalilin da ya sa Mishima zai iya, daidai, yana tunanin kansa a matsayin marubuci na Duniya Biyu, mai fassara al'ada ta Duniya, wanda Turawa kuma za su iya fahimtar salonsa wanda ya koyi abubuwa da yawa, musamman «eBay frequentman Raydel, Wild maskie Baudel, Raydel, Wilde kuma», da Friedrich Nietzsche. "Yamma - Orsi ya lura - shi ma kira ne na gaggawa, wanda ke buƙatar mu magance shi, don gano yadda yiwuwar tattaunawa da yiwuwar yarjejeniya ta kasance". Littattafai sun tabbatar da wannan tunanin. Kuma, bisa ga salo, su ne ainihin dalilin da ya sa wasu ke kallon "abin kunya", masu kirkiro al'adar adabi, wanda har zuwa lokacin bayyanar Mishima a fage, yana da Junikisunro Tanizaki da Yayaari Kawabata a matsayin abubuwan da za a yi la'akari da su.
Sauran "abin kunya" shi ne mutuwarsa na son rai yana da shekaru arba'in da biyar, shekarun shuka ga wasu, a gare shi lokacin girbi mafi girma da banƙyama: ya riga ya yi kome, bai sami wasu sun ƙare ba , dace da soyayya ga al'adar kasarsa da kuma matsananciyar daidaituwa tare da abin da ya goyi bayan duk rubuce-rubucensa. Ba daidaituwa ba ne cewa kafin ya ɗauki ransa a wannan safiya, ya aika da mawallafinsa na ƙarshe na Tetraloji na Tetraology: fiye da wani littafi na yau da kullum, alkawari.
Rayuwar ruhaniya da adabi ta Mishima ta zo daidai da ainihin al'adun Jafananci, wani lokaci, kamar yadda aka ce, shawarwarin Yammacin Turai ke ketare su. A Japan, marubucin ya nuna wa masu shiga tsakani, akwai hali na ba da nauyi ga fasaha, wanda aka kwatanta da siffar chrysanthemum, maimakon mayaƙan da takobi ke wakilta. A kan wannan an rabu a fili ya samo asali ne daga rashin fahimtar mutanen zamani game da al'adar Jafananci wanda a maimakon haka an kafa shi akan "mu'ujiza" tare da zama na lokuta biyu. Mishima ya tashi ya warkar da wannan barakar. Kuma ya fara nan da nan, a ashirin, samun wallafe-wallafen tsarkakewa a lokacin da kadan fiye da yaro. ikirari ne na Mask (1949) wanda ya sa aka gane shi a matsayin tauraro mai tasowa na wallafe-wallafen Jafananci: "Babban abin bakin ciki kuma a lokaci guda na atony", a cewar Margherite Yourcenar. Littafin littafin tarihin tarihin rayuwar tsararraki ne da ke cike da sha'awar sokewa kuma a lokaci guda ta hanyar batsa mara gamsuwa. Haɗin, a takaice, na aikin kansa na Mishima wanda ya yi nasarar daidaita soyayya da mutuwa a cikin tsarin kyawun mutum.
Sai kuma wasu ayyuka, irin su Kishir Soyayya, Launuka da aka haramta, Muryar Raƙuman ruwa, Tafarkin Zinare. A cikin nihilism biyu na ƙarshe da addini, ban mamaki jin rayuwa, ɗaukaka kyakkyawa da ma'anar tsarkakewa su ne motifs waɗanda ke korar juna kuma suna bayyana rai marar natsuwa wanda ke ƙayyadad da hanyarsa zuwa ga kaddara, radipus ancienne do Lacione, wanda ke kewaye da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa mai kyau. na mutane, marubuci ko jarumi? Tambayar ta taso a lokacin jujjuyawar rayuwar Mishima.
Har zuwa 1960 ya wakilci "matsalolin dabi'u" a cikin al'ummar Japan wanda ke rasa ransa. Japan ta daina gane kanta, cin hanci da rashawa na al'adu ya yi yawa, ba a kiyaye ka'idodin ruhaniya ba. A cikin wannan yanayi, littafin nan Bayan Banquet ya samu tsari, wanda ke nuna yadda Mishima ya shiga siyasa a raye da sanin ya kamata. Da wannan littafi, marubucin ya yi kakkausar suka ga cinikin dokin zaɓe wanda ’yan siyasa da al’adun manyan matsakaita suka shiga. Nasarar da ya samu a wani bangare ya rama Mishima na fiasco na wasu ayyukan da suka gabata kuma ya tabbatar masa da cewa wani abu ya canza a kasarsa. Don haka sai ya fara duba a hankali a waje da kansa, ya gano duniyar da ke cikin tashin hankali, wanda ke ƙetare ta hanyar maganganun da ke nuna sha'awar shawo kan yakin bayan yakin sau ɗaya.
Da mamaki, Mishima ya lura cewa akwai ra'ayi a Japan wanda ke adawa da wannan bangare na Kundin Tsarin Mulki wanda ya bukaci kasar ta yi watsi da hakkinta na soja. Juriya da ta zo kusa da tawaye lokacin da, a cikin Mayu 1960, aka kulla yarjejeniyar Tsaron Jafananci da Amurka wacce ba ta sanya haɗin gwiwar soja sosai tsakanin iskar Amurkan biyu ba, a maimakon haka ta sanya shekarun soja ga Amurka kuma ta tabbatar da watsi da kowane shiga tsakani na yaƙi. . A maimakon haka, Amurka ta yi alkawarin baiwa Japan kariya ta soji. Jafanawa da yawa sun mayar da martani ga rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar: tarzoma ta faru a duk faɗin ƙasar. Mishima yana tare da masu tayar da tarzoma.
Rikicin ya zaburar da tunaninsa tare da ingiza shi ya rubuta Kishin kasa, daya daga cikin hikayoyinsa masu kyau da nasara, inda Bushido ke da kyawawan dabi'u da dabi'u, hade da sha'awar sha'awa da sha'awar jima'i da son zuciya da kuma, mafi kyau, cikakkun bayanai da , abubuwan da suka ratsa ainihin asali. na gaskiya jarumtaka. Kishin kasa ya samo asali ne daga waki'ar Ni Ni Roku na ranar 26 ga Fabrairu, 1936, lokacin da kungiyar matasan hafsoshi ta shirya tayar da kayar baya na wani bangare na sojoji a kan tsarin da ke bin muradun; da inshora ga bukatun; wani irin "juyin juya halin mazan jiya". Matasan hafsoshi 20 ne suka mamaye yankin ma'aikatun da ke kusa da fadar sarki tare da neman murabus din gwamnati mai cin hanci da rashawa da yaudara tare da yin watsi da duk wani ikon soja na sarki.
Hiro Hito ya ki amincewa da wannan shela ba zato ba tsammani, domin a cewarsa, ta fito ne daga sassan tattalin arziki da kudi da matasan hafsoshin suka yi wa juyin mulkin rashin karfi. Sarkin ya kuma umarci sojoji da su murkushe wannan tawaye. Labarin ya burge Mishima inda ya ajiye labarin fitaccen jarumin kishin kasa, matashin Laftanar Guard Guard, abokin masu tayar da kayar baya, amma sun boye labarin makircin saboda me yasa parchea parché parché times parché parché. dear parché bai san makircin da aka yi masa ba domin saboda ’yan uwansa sojoji ya gwammace ya kashe kansa da matarsa.
Batsa, jarumtaka da mutuwa sun sake korar juna. Sauran litattafan da marubucin ya ɗaukaka kimar kishin ƙasa da kyau zuwa matsayi mafi girma suna cikin irin wannan yanayin, irin su Chrysanthemum na Ranar Goma da, fiye da duka, Muryoyin Ruhohin Jarumai. A cikin bayanin Mishima na biyu wani bikin Shinto na hasashe wanda a cikinsa ake tunawa da rayukan matasan jami'an juyin mulkin da bai yi nasara ba da na 'yan kunar bakin wake. Wasu sun zargi sarki da kin amincewa da tayar da zaune tsaye; wasu na cin amanar bangaskiyarsu da sadaukarwarsu lokacin da ya karɓi Ningen Sengen, shelar renunciation na allahntaka. A cikin wata hira da aka yi da shi jim kadan kafin ya kashe kansa ga marubucin gurguzu Furubayashi Takasashi, Mishima ya ce: “Ina tsammanin mutane ma suna neman cikakken. Ba na jin za a iya gamsuwa da abubuwa masu ma'ana kawai. Bari mu dubi tarihin Japan kuma yana da kamar haka. Japan a yau tana rayuwa cikin cikakkiyar alaƙa, amma wannan sabon abu ne na baya-bayan nan, yana ɗaukar kusan shekaru goma. Idan muka kwatanta shi da dogon tarihinmu, lokaci ne kaɗan. Kuma a kowane hali, abin da ke tattare da wannan ra'ayi bai gamsar ba. Saboda haka a yau sha'awar falsafar, addinin Buddha, wanda ba wani abu ba ne face burin zuwa ga cikakkar, yana ƙara girma. Ban yi imani cewa al'ummar Japan za su iya gamsar da kansu da farin ciki na dankon zumunci ba."
Ba a raina Mishima ikon ɗangantaka don halakar da mutane a ruhaniya. Saboda haka imani da cewa al'adu, da kuma musamman wallafe-wallafe, na iya reawaken halaye na "Jafananci" ya sa shi ya jaddada darajar kafa darajar da xa'a na al'ada a lokacin da hada Bush gwaje-gwaje riga segola Bush gwaje-gwaje, riga segri, Louto nice a cikin abin da ainihin shi ne. dauke da: Jamamoto Jocho's Hagakure. Amma kuma ba da rai ga Ƙungiyar Garkuwa (Tate no Kai) ta hanyar ruhi, kishin ƙasa da jarumtaka na al'adar Jafananci.
Tsakanin 1965 da 1970, Mishima da kyar ya rufe wakilcin ma'auni tsakanin Chrysanthemum da Takobi a cikin ƙwararrun ƙwararrun wallafe-wallafensa, Tekun Haihuwa, ƙididdiga akan al'ummar Jafananci, abubuwan da za su iya zama ruhu mai yuwuwa. Littattafai huɗu na zagayowar - Snow Snow, Runaway Horses, Temple of Dawn, The Decaying Angel - yana nuna ra'ayi na reincarnation. Amma a cikin juzu'i na biyu na tetralogy, Horses on the Run, Mishima ya bayyana ra'ayoyinsa na siyasa da na addini tare da ingantattun misalai kuma a cikin salo mai ban sha'awa, ya sake sanya su gaba da baya.
A karshen tafiyarsa Mishima ya sami babban Tekun da zai yi tafiya tare da ɗimbin rayuka na Japan waɗanda ya haifar da rayuwa a cikin aikinsa na adabi. Akwai a gaskiya wani tashin hankali, ganuwa taron a kan Nuwamba 25, 1970 «Ranar da Sarkin sarakuna»: Tenno heika banzai! Wani abu fiye da girmamawa. Kusan sallah.
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Totalità.it-Tunawa Yukio Mishima marubucin da aka haifa bayan mutuwarsa
Barka dai, duniyarmu da ’yan Adam har yanzu suna cikin haɗari! Dole ne ku sanya abin rufe fuska lokacin da kuke fita kuma ku kashe hannayenku akai-akai! Wannan yana daya daga cikin ingantattun hanyoyin yakar cutar ta COVID don nisantar kamuwa da cutar a cikin unguwanni, haka kuma yadda kasashen Asiya suka samu nasarar daidaita yaduwar wannan babbar cuta. Kada ku yi amfani da sa'o'i kaɗan don siyan abin rufe fuska a bainar jama'a, wanda ke nufin an fallasa ku ga masu iya ɗaukar ƙwayoyin cuta. Muna ba da abin rufe fuska na likitancin EU wanda aka amince da dakunan gwaje-gwaje na Nelson waɗanda suka dace da EN14683: 2005 Bukatun Nau'in II. Iyakance ta hanyar samar da albarkatun kasa, farashin a zahiri ya ninka sau 20 sama da na yau da kullun kuma yana canzawa. Da fatan za a ziyarci hanyar haɗin yanar gizon mu na ƙasa don koyo game da farashin yanzu da kuma samuwa. Idan za ta yiwu, za mu isar da maganin E-Express zuwa ƙasashe masu zuwa* ko kuma mu ba da saƙon iska zuwa wasu ƙasashe a wannan rana. Barka da zuwa aiko mana tambayoyi masu yawa: www.bfemask.com info@bfemask.com Mun fuskanci SARS, kuma a wannan karon tabbas za mu fuskanci sabon ciwon huhu. Kamar yadda Asiyawa, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Koriya ta Kudu, da Japan suka ɗauki tsauraran matakan tsabtace mutum, adadin kamuwa da cuta ya zarce babban matakin, kuma an shawo kan kwari. A kula, Allah yana girmama kowa! Sa'a kowa da kowa, Matthew, daga Hong Kong
Linda daga Chamounix, daga yawo zuwa mataki. Wasan opera Donizetti a ƙarshe akan mataki don jama'a
Violetta da 1968: Traviata kafa a cikin Paris na alkawari fara a Teatro del Maggio.
Dante's Triptych: May Concert yana yaudarar jama'a. Yawa mai yawa da cikakken gidan wasan kwaikwayo (kowanne gwargwadon yiwuwar).
Dante a kan mataki: Maggio Musicale Fiorentino yana murna da ranar tunawa da mutuwar mawaƙa. Riccardo Muti ne ya jagoranci.
May ta sake farawa da dawowar maraba: Cosi fan tutte, wanda Sven-Eric Bechtolf ya jagoranta. Kuma wannan lokacin tare da jama'a.
takardar izini na Ma'aikatar Sadarwa n. 1127 na 29/8/2001 (Reg.: n. 2571 na 03/4/1989)
An yi rajistar Totalità.it a ofishin gwaji na Florence, Rijista no. 5875 na 16 Mayu 2012
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-27-2021
