UGiovanni F. Akola, uFranco Cardini, uDomenico Del Niro, uGiordano Bruno Gehry, uGennaro Margiri, uGennaro San Giuliano, uMirella Seri, uMarcelo Veneziani.
Ndingathanda ukuba nobukrelekrele ababenabo abanye abapeyinti baseJamani bexesha elidlulileyo, abagqibezela imibongo yesitrato sasebusuku, kufutshane nemimandla yasemaphandleni, phakathi kwezindlu zaserustic ezikhanyiswe kukukhanya okungenamandla.
Kwaye nanku umbuzo omiselwe ukuba uhlale ubuciko: yeyiphi i-futurists eyayinokuthi ithathe njengesihloko somnye wemizobo yakhe indlu encinci e-Heiligenstadt, ngaphandle kwe-quadruple Vienna, apho iCyclops yaseBonn, uLudovico van Beethoven delgito idlula khona. omnye wemizobo yakhe yendlu encinci eHeiligenstadt indlu encinci eHeiligenstadt Okanye kwakhona: ngubani onokuzoba ngomoya oqinisekileyo wekamva le ndlu incinci ebulalayo, eyona ihlonitshwa ngamakhadi eposi, imizobo, imizobo ede ibonakale njengenoveli yakudala. -voto of a culloto no culloto
Kwaye kutheni abantu bekamva befanele bapeyinte le ndlu incinci? Ngaba uninzi lweeposikhadi zaseJamani ezinemifanekiso azonelanga kwaye zishiyekile? Ngaba i-woodcuts ye-secessionist enkulu yaseViennese uCarl Moll, i-Austro-German enxulunyaniswa nenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba kwaye yayiphila ngaphaya kwemida yexesha elizayo, ngokwaneleyo - kwaye ziyimisebenzi yexabiso elihle kakhulu -?
Kwaye umzobo omnandi we-oyile nguMoll awonelanga kunye nenxalenye yale ndlu kwiibhloko ezimbini ezijonge iPfarrplatz, kunye nomthi onamagqabi ashinyeneyo asentwasahlobo, iingcango ezimbini zobuhle be-rustic kunye ne-rustic, yeengcango ze-rustic kunye ne-rustic elegance traveler who. udlula apha isibane sakhe esityhafileyo ngorhatya lwangoMatshi?
Ngokwenyani kukho izizathu kwaye ngaphandle kokuya kubuninzi: ukuhlala kwindawo ye-laconic yamaphepha ambalwa amaxwebhu, ukuba umntu ufuna ukuwabala ngokubhala, ndiwashwankathela ngamaxesha ambalwa: kwi-triptych edumileyo ngu-Umberto boccione ngu-Umberto chevello. "ezinesihloko esithi "abo baseleyo", kunye netafile "indlela yokuvalelisa" ine-matrix, ngoko ichazwe kuphononongo malunga nekamva olwenziwa ngumbhali-mbali wezobugcisa ogunyazisiweyo, uBeethovenian: hayi da sonata ngomculo wepiyano ubenen nguSilop.
Kwaye kwakhona iqabane elikhulu lolutsha likaBoccioni, iqabane lakhe elihambahambayo eFransi, iqabane lakhe kwiqela elidumileyo lamavolontiya ebhayisikile eLombard kwimisebenzi yeDosso Casina kunyaka wokuqala wePalladio Guoso wajoyina uCasina kunyaka wokuqala weengoma ezisulungekisiweyo zaseBeethovenian. sele kumaxesha eegramafoni zophondo zazigqithiselwe kwimijelo yezo pleyiti zevinyl ezijikelezayo ukuba zityibilike phantsi kwenaliti.
Andicingi ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuphuhlisa ngakumbi izizathu ezisisiseko zalo mbuzo ungaqhelekanga: ekugqibeleni kukufiphala kwengcinga yomntu ofundayo kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo ayilulo ukucamngca lombuzo oqatha ukuba...
Ke ngoko ngumbuzo wokugxila ukusuka apha kwiphepha labo iSchopenhauer yayinokuthi yinxalenye "yoncwadi lokuzonwabisa".
I-Era verification Platen, ixelwe ngendlela emfutshane kodwa esebenzayo yohambo olubi eRashiya elandela uNapoleon werejimeni yase-Italiya phantsi komyalelo weNkosana u-Eugene noMurat. Iphulo le-1812!
Ukufunda isincoko esibhalwe ngesimbo somkhosi esilungileyo kwakunyanzelisa ngokwenene, kundenze ndafumana iphepha lembali elalingahoywa ngandlel’ ithile kwikharityhulam yesikolo sethu. Apha iivesi ezingasabambeki lula zeculo lika-Alessandro Manzoni eziya kwiziganeko zowe-1821 zacaca. Ukuhlala nje kumxholo wethu, ndikhumbula ukuba le ngoma yanikezelwa ngumbhali we-The Betrothed kuTeodoro Korner, umthandi welizwe oselula owawa njengeqhawe kwimfazwe yasePrussia nxamnye noNapoleon ngo-1813, umculo kaLudovic qualoogeneera deith! Kwaye ekufundweni kwesi sincoko sikhankanywe ngasentla iikona ezingacacanga zengoma ethi "all'Italia" nguLeopardi ipota yethu nayo yakhanyiswa, ethi kwamanye amaphepha, kwenye yeedayari zam, ndikhahlela njengomoya ococekileyo kaBeethoveni.
Ndonwabile ngokufunyanwa kweli phepha lembali elingaqhelekanga, ndandifuna ukubhala isishwankathelo sesincoko esihle sikaPlaten ndedwa kwaye ndaqala, ngokuhlwa, etafileni ekhitshini, kwilangatye lesitovu, ukulungiselela isidlo eGavinana. indlu iminyaka emininzi.
Umsebenzi wokuqaphela ngomzuzu iinyani ezikhumbulekayo zelo phulo lomkhosi elikude ngokwenene lalidinisa njengoko abathathi-nxaxheba banokuba njalo: kwaye ke, ukunyanga i-tedium, umgaqo olungileyo we-interintermette orcia d'intertermere ocia d'intertermo sempertura semperer lapis, ngasemva. yeFoglietti ukuba ngokuthe ngcembe ndiphelelwa.
Nkqu iScribbles ukusuka kwindawo ethile ukuya phambili, kufuneka ukuzithoba kuqeqesho lokunqumama, kwakufanelekile uku-odola "i-leit-motif" enika ulungelelwaniso oluncinci: kwaye ke, emva kwemizobo embalwa extempor ciliele case peraneo lagensta Heiligen 'kodwa. ngelinye ixesha, umbuzo onika umxholo koku kubhalwa. Iinkcukacha ezilawula ukuhlukanisa umzuzu wokubonakala kwale ngcamango kunye nokubuyisela umfanekiso ochanekileyo, nokuba yinto engaqhelekanga okanye ayikho, ngokwenene andazi ukuba ndinike njani, kwaye yonke into yalahleka ngokulandelelana kweengcinga ... ngequbuliso ndazibuza, ndingayizoba njani indlu encinci e-Heiligenstadt kwisitayela sexesha elizayo, okanye ngokuncitshiswa ngakumbi, indlela abaculi bekamva ababeza kuyila ngayo le ndlu, "itempile yomculo"
Emva koko ndenze umbuzo ngokukhawuleza ngakumbi kwaye ekugqibeleni umbuzo waqulunqwa kum ekugqibeleni kwaye, ndiyakholelwa, ixesha elinengqondo ngakumbi kububudenge bokungakwazi kwayo ukuba nayo nayiphi na impendulo yokwenyani ngokukhawuleza, kwi- util provaa solo. ndide ndivezwe kuncumo olunovelwano lwesifundiswa okanye igcisa elikhazimla ngokuyila ngokuqhubekayo...
Apha ekugqibeleni: ngubani onokuthi "azive" kakuhle izibongo zale ndlu yeCyclops kwisitayile sekamva? Ndiza kuthatha indlela emfutshane kwaye ndithi kum nakumfundi: nantsi abaqulunqi, bathathu kubo, ngu-Umberto Boccioni, uGerardo Dottori, uMario Sironi. Lo ngumbono wam kwaye ke ngoko ndiyayeka ukwenza iingcinga ezicacileyo ezithatha umsebenzi, okungenamsebenzi ndicinga ukuba, ukuthethelela lo mbandela unengqondo kunye nobudenge ngaxeshanye.
I-Boccioni yendlu encinci yayiza kubona ukuhamba kwayo ngaphakathi kwe-metropolis "ekhulayo": kungekhona indlu encinci, sithi i-lateti, ishukuma kwaye ijikeleza njengeplanethi ejikeleze ilanga le-capital ekhula ngaphandle kwayo yonke imilinganiselo: kukuba itempile encitshisiweyo. kwiitempile ukuya kwiitempile ukuya kwiitempile "inkaba yeMuses" ilingana nayo ngelixa iyiMetropolis ekufuneka ijikeleze kuyo, ukuyigubungela ngaphandle kokukwazi ukuyifunxa! I-dynamism enamandla yomculo wobuthixo weMuses ... Kwaye ezo zibhobho eziqhubekayo ezinikezela isigqi kwi-symphonies Orchestra ye-Concertgebouw yase-Amsterdam!) yonke into apha inkondlo ngaphandle kwexesha : Okwesihlanu, uMfundisi, owesixhenxe Njengoko uWagner efuna okanye yinto engaphezulu?), Umsindo onengqondo kunye nomzimba weSibhozo, iintshukumo ezintathu zokuqala zeThoba. Apha i-drum beats ivelisa ukukhanya kunye neenyoka zokukhanya, umculo uqhekeza iindonga kwaye ugqithise yonke into ngemitha ...
NooGqirha? Wabona ipanera evela phezulu; kwaye njengompeyinti we-aero-ovela ePerugia wayenokwenza kuphela isandi sakhe kwisandi sePastorale! Unyuke wada weva intshukumo yesithathu ye-symphony yesithoba kumphakamo wokhozi, kwindawo yayo ecothayo, njengokhozi olugqogqa ummandla walo, yaye ubona indlu encinane eHeiligenstadt! Ngoku ekupheleni kosuku iinkwenkwezi zokuqala zikhanya, ngokukhawuleza emva koko kuba ubusuku kwaye kwikhoni yokukhanya yenkwenkwezi eSibhakabhakeni, indlu encinci iyakhanya: uphahla lunezitye ezibomvu ezibomvu, izibane zimhlophe kunye neefestile. I-Openings yenziwe mnyama: kuphela ukusuka kwenye yazo apho imitha yesibane ekhanyisa phezu komhlaba ikhanya: iiCyclops zisavukile kwaye ngokuzolileyo uqamba ...
Ngaphandle, ukukhanya kwenkwenkwezi evelisa i-cone ekhanyayo kuxhaswa kangangoko kunokwenzeka sisibane esincinci esikhanyisayo esikwakhanyisa isikwere esincinci ngomthi, umnyango ongenanto! Kuyo yonke indawo kuzolile kunye nobumnyama basezulwini, ukusuka kude, ukusuka phezulu, i-metropolis iyanyamalala kwaye ubona kuphela iinduli zehlathi laseViennese, imisele enqumla kwiintlambo ezineentyantyambo, ngokuthe ngcembe kwithafa unokuyibona igeleza ...
USironi wendlu encinci eHeiligenstadt wayeya kubona uzuko lwayo olukude phakathi kwezizukulwana, ngoku eyedwa kwaye esasazeke kwindawo eyinkangala! I-Heiligenstadt, ngo-1819 yayiziikhilomitha ezine ukusuka kwi-Stephansdom, i-cathedral ehlala i-masterpieces ye-masterpieces ye-master Antonio Pilgram, kwaye ngoko ke yayisemaphandleni avulekileyo; namhlanje ingaphandle, i-metropolis inyukile kwaye yile, ikhoyo kwaye iyaphila ixesha lonyaka kunye nesandi sayo: sinokuyiqhelanisa nayo ivesi ye-Infinito kaLeopardi!
I-Sironi yayiza kuyilwa, le ndlu encinci, kwimbono yamathuba angxamisekileyo, yayiza kugqama ngokwezakhiwo kwaye ilawulwa yimfumba yamafu amnyama ... Njengomhlaba wokubuyela ekuqaleni "komntu onengqondo", umsebenzi ongekho isenzo kodwa ixesha elide lobukho apho sikwisidlo esilahliweyo ...
Ukuza kuthi ga kweli nqanaba ndiya kubayeka abalandeli beFantasyo bazulazule, baqhubele phambili, bahambe ngaphandle kokutsho, akukho mfuneko yokuhamba, umfundi unokuqhubeka yedwa, ukuba uziva ngathi, ingcamango yembali engaqhelekanga uMculi ingqiqo.
Kunoko, xa sibuyela kwizibakala Ezifanele ziphandwe ngokunzulu, sinokubhala inkumbulo enzulu koko kufane kubizwe ngokuba lihlelo leendawo zokuhlala ezingcwele zikaBeethoven! I-Buscaroli yethu yaze yabhala, iminyaka emininzi edlulileyo, ivolumu yegolide enesihloko esithi "Izindlu zikaBeethoven" zisungula, njengoko siyazi namhlanje, isikolo saseNtaliyane solu phando. Kwaye kumqulu omncinci bakhapha uMbhali owathi kamva wazimisa njengoMbhalo oMkhulu we "Tondichter" owazalelwa kwiMuses eBonn: imizobo emithandathu yosiba olulula apho uBuscaroli wasusa nakuphi na ukuhanahanisa kwamafutha, kodwa nakuphi na ukuzenzisa " ubuhle”: yaye olu yayilulongamelo oluhle kakhulu, kuba ukuba ubani ufuna ukwazi indlela isihobe esiyinyaniso esinokudluliselwa ngayo, simelwe, simelwe kwimifanekiso, unokukhetha kakuhle owabo umzekelo!
Ndinokwenza njani ngoku kwisifundo solu hlelo lokwenyaniso? Kunzima ukuthetha ngokwangoku malunga nembono engaqhelekanga: ihlelo, nangona kunjalo, libonakala ngathi livela kumthambo othambileyo oqhubekayo wokuba abapeyinti abangafundanga, abafundi besikolo sobugcisa, iinkosi ezaziwayo zebrashi yokusika okanye isikolo esaziwayo sobugcisa, iinkosi ezaziwayo ibrashi yokusika okanye Siyazi ukuba ngamanye amaxesha baye bancitshiswe kwiithaveni eziqhumayo ngenxa yoyilo lweziko elishiywe ngonya lifuna ngabanini bendlu ukufumana imali eninzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Siya kufuna u-Eliade, u-Leopoldo von Schröder, uKarl von Spiess ukuba asincede ukuba siqonde ngokupheleleyo isenzeko sezi voti zangaphambili eziye zenzeke ngokwenkolo: ukuyila izindlu ezincinci, kwaye phakathi kwazo i-masellase enexabiso lomfanekiso! imbeko yokuzinikela njengentwana encinci equi enikezelweyo kwaye yafunyanwa kwingcwele yakudala kathixokazi uRethia eVeneto?
Nokuzinikela entwenini? Ngokuqinisekileyo uThixo uhlala kwi-Cyclops, kwaye i-Muse inika ubungqina obucacileyo boku, kodwa xa kuziwa ekuyileni indlu encinci, kunye nezindlu, apho wayehlala khona ngokungapheliyo ngabanini abanobuqili nabangenakukwazi, uBeethoven akazange acebise ubisi! yizise! Okanye: e-Olympus ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka ujonge apho…
Umendo oqinisekileyo wesiphakamiso sophando olunzima unyanzelekile ukuba uqikelelwe ngenxa yokunqongophala kweengxoxo ezixhaswa ngamaxwebhu angenakuphikiswa athatha ixesha kunye nakwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yesayensi. Kuncinci ukushiya ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-intuition ayikho kude, ukuba ayifani nentaka enamandla edla inyama ngokukhawuleza, iphosa kwidleke, ifumanisa, iwa, ukuba inamaphiko anqabileyo enkukhu. . Kodwa le nto incinci ayihluthwanga kangako ngokomgangatho: kwaye ivela kwimibongo.
Ikwiphepha lesikhumbuzo likaFranz Grillparzer: yena, ityendyana elineminyaka engaphezu kweshumi elinesibini ubudala, wazifumana sele echithe ixesha leeholide zasehlotyeni kwindlu enye apho iiCyclops zazihlala kwamanye amagumbi. unstagione masserizforie. , emva kokuthenga, wabuyela endlwini kwaye, ekhuphuka kwizitebhisi eziqhelekileyo, weva umculo omnandi ovela kumagumbi apho uBeethoven wayehlala khona: unina wabanjwa yiyo kwaye wayefuna ukuhlala phantsi kwizitepsi ukuze angaphoswa. amanyathelo ukuze ungaphosi nawuphi na umculo. I-Cyclops yayiqamba, ngelixa idlala amanqaku kwisixhobo ukuze isandi sidlule kwiingcango, sidlule kwiindonga ze-rustic, kwaye emva koko ngezinyuko kunye nentendelezo yangaphakathi eyaseka ukusetyenziswa kwabanye, ukusungula inkolo yexesha elizayo ngokusebenzisa iingcango ze "genius loci" entsha enkulu.
Ndincamathela ekubhaleni imizobo ye-inki emithathu, leyo, eneneni, isemva kwamanqaku kwizenzo zobugorha zeCandelo lePino, i-Villata yamahashe, iTuscan, iPiedmontese kunye neParma yomgca wokuhamba ngeenyawo apho uCatail Mitraza Fus - kwakhankanywa eSt. Helena Memorial. Ibali ledabi likaMalo-Jaroslavez, elinomthunzi kwiipensile ezinqamlekileyo, kwiimpungutye umfundi unokuqaphela, okokuqala, isiluleko "seBoccionia", okwesibini, kunye nekhoni yokukhanya, apho ubungqina, kwi. eyenze isitayile ehlala ibetha ngokukhawuleza kwaye iyasebenza imizobo kaMario Sironi...
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Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-01-2021
